- Rock & Roll, Garage Rock, The British Invasion (mostly harder-edged bands like The Kinks, The Rolling Stones and The Who)
Hard rock is a sub-genre of rock, developing in the late 1960s on both sides of the Atlantic. In America, it was popularized by bands like Steppenwolf and Iron Butterfly, while in Britain it grew out of the late 60s Blues. Generally, it's rooted in Blues Rock and Psychedelic Rock. Its main definition is that it is considerably harder than conventional rock music, which means that guitars have an edgier snarl of distortion and the drumming is louder and more emphatic. It is characterized by a heavy use of distorted electric guitars played through big speaker stacks, bass guitar, drums, pianos and other keyboards (especially Hammond organ, but also synthesizers in the 1980s and beyond), and powerful vocals, making it near-indistinguishable from some of the lighter Heavy Metal bands. Many heavy metal debates are about where the dividing line is between "hard rock" and "heavy metal". (The dividing line is difficult to draw, since a band considered to be "shockingly hard" in The '70s is going to sound quite normal in the 2020s, in the era of extreme metal.)
That's the only definition you need, really. Hard rock doesn't have as much of a "scene" or subculture like Heavy Metal, though it was most popular back in The '70s. Nowadays, hard rock is rarer, having been effectively replaced officially by a few similar genres. Still, there are some bands, more "retro" in focus, who could still be classified as hard rock, such as Wolfmother and The Darkness. The term 'hard rock' persists both as a catch-all term for hard-hitting music that isn't full-fledged metal, and as an umbrella term for all hard-edged rock music from Death Metal to Hardcore Punk to Grunge , so it still comes up a lot.
Bands/artists typically classified as hard rock include:
- AC/DC (possibly the Trope Codifier)
- 1975 - High Voltage
- 1975 - T.N.T. (1975)
- 1976 - Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap
- 1979 - Highway to Hell
- 1980 - Back in Black
- Adema
- Aerosmith
- 1987 - Permanent Vacation
- 1989 - Pump
- 1993 - Get a Grip
- Airbourne
- Alice Cooper
- Alter Bridge
- Argent
- Bachman-Turner Overdrive
- Bad Company
- Band-Maid (they look like a poppy Girl Group but they're not)
- Jeff Beck (his early albums were a Trope Maker for the genre)
- Pat Benatar
- Biffy Clyro
- The Black Crowes
- Black Sabbath
- Black Veil Brides
- Blood Good (also Heavy Metal)
- Blue Cheer
- Blue Öyster Cult
- Breaking Benjamin
- Bon Jovi
- 1986 - Slippery When Wet
- Tyler Bryant & the Shakedown
- Buckcherry
- B'z
- Cheap Trick (also Power Pop)
- Chevelle
- Chickenfoot
- Gilby Clarke
- 1994 - Pawnshop Guitars
- Clutch
- Cold Chisel
- Cream
- Creed
- Crush 40
- The Cult
- D-A-D
- Dali Van Gogh
- Damn Yankees
- The Darkness
- Dead Sara
- Deep Purple
- 1969 - Concerto for Group and Orchestra
- 1970 - Deep Purple in Rock
- 1972 - Machine Head (Album)
- Def Leppard
- Bruce Dickinson
- Disturbed (also Alternative Metal)
- Dokken
- Doll Skin
- DOROTHY
- Double Experience
- James Durbin
- Eagles of Death Metal
- Europe
- Evans Blue
- Faces
- Fanny
- Filter
- The Firm
- Foghat
- Peter Frampton
- Free Band
- Ghost (skirt lines between Hard Rock and Doom Metal)
- Girlschool
- Godsmack
- Golden Earring
- Grand Funk Railroad
- GRANRODEO
- Greta Van Fleet
- The Guess Who
- Guns N' Roses
- 1987 - Appetite for Destruction
- 1988 - G N'R Lies
- 1991 - Use Your Illusion
- 2008 - Chinese Democracy
- Halestorm
- Hardline
- Heart
- Jimi Hendrix
- Glenn Hughes
- Hurt
- Billy Idol
- IRONBUNNY
- Iron Butterfly
- Eric Johnson
- JORN
- Kansas (combined with Progressive Rock)
- Kid Rock
- 1993 - The Polyfuze Method
- 1996 - Early Mornin' Stoned Pimp
- 1998 - Devil Without A Cause
- 2001 - Cocky
- 2003 - Kid Rock
- King's X (also Progressive Metal, Alternative Metal and Funk Metal)
- The Kinks (Ur-Example, along with The Rolling Stones)
- KISS
- 1974 - KISS
- 1974 - Hotter Than Hell
- 1975 - Dressed to Kill
- 1976 - Destroyer
- 1976 - Rock And Roll Over
- 1977 - Love Gun
- 1977 - Alive II
- 1978 - KISS Solo Albums
- 1979 - Dynasty
- 1980 - Unmasked
- 1981 - Music from "The Elder"
- 1982 - Creatures of the Night
- 1983 - Lick It Up
- 1984 - Animalize
- 1985 - Asylum
- 1987 - Crazy Nights
- 1989 - Hot in the Shade
- 1992 - Revenge
- 1997 - Carnival of Souls: The Final Sessions
- 1998 - Psycho Circus
- 2009 - Sonic Boom
- 2012 - Monster
- Lenny Kravitz
- KXM
- L7
- Led Zeppelin (widely considered the Trope Maker)
- Leningrad Cowboys
- Living Colour
- Lordi
- Lostprophets
- Love/Hate
- Loverboy
- Lynyrd Skynyrd
- Music/Lyube
- Måneskin
- Brian May
- 1983 - Star Fleet Project
- MC5
- 1969 - Kick Out the Jams
- Meat Loaf
- Metallica (Mainly on Load and Re Load)
- 1996/7 - Load and ReLoad
- Midnight Oil
- Monster Magnet
- Montrose
- Mothers Finest
- Mötley Crüe
- Mott the Hoople (also Glam Rock)
- Mountain
- Mr. Big
- Muse
- 2006 - "Knights of Cydonia"
- Nazareth
- Nickelback
- The Night Flight Orchestra
- Night Ranger
- Northward
- Ted Nugent
- Ozzy Osbourne
- Pappo
- Petra
- Pink Cream 69
- Pinn Panelle
- Poison
- Powerman 5000
- The Pretty Reckless
- Pretty Maids
- Queen
- 1973 - Queen
- 1974 - Queen II
- 1974 - Sheer Heart Attack
- 1975 - A Night at the Opera
- 1976 - A Day at the Races
- 1977 - News of the World
- 1978 - Jazz
- 1980 - The Game (Queen)
- 1982 - Hot Space
- 1984 - The Works
- 1986 - A Kind of Magic
- 1989 - The Miracle
- 1991 - Innuendo
- 1995 - Made in Heaven
- Rainbow
- Rata Blanca
- Ratt
- La Renga
- REO Speedwagon
- Resurrection Band
- Riff
- Rival Sons
- The Rolling Stones (the Ur-Example)
- Royal Blood
- The Runaways
- Rush (also Progressive Rock)
- Saving Abel
- Scorpions
- Bob Seger
- Seraph
- Sixx:A.M.
- Shinedown
- Skid Row
- Slade
- Slash
- Indio Solari
- Billy Squier
- Status Quo
- Steel Panther
- Steppenwolf
- Stryper (also Hair Metal and Heavy Metal)
- The Strypes
- Survivor
- Sweet
- Tankcsapda
- The Tea Party
- Tesla
- Them Crooked Vultures
- Thin Lizzy
- Thunder
- Tin Machine
- 1989 - Tin Machine
- Turbonegro
- Twisted Sister
- UFO
- Ugly Kid Joe
- Unsung
- Uriah Heep
- Steve Vai
- Van Halen
- David Lee Roth
- 1984 - MCMLXXXIV
- Sammy Hagar
- 1986 - 5150
- Andrew W.K.
- Warrant
- Whitesnake
- The Who
- The Wildhearts
- The Winery Dogs
- Wolfmother
- ZZ Top
- 1983 - Eliminator