Bible Times

Ya know, the times of that book everyone talks about.

Can overlap with Ancient Egypt (Book of Genesis and Exodus), Ancient Babylon (Ezra, Daniel, Esther), Ancient Greece (parts of the Deuterocanonicals/Apocrypha), and Ancient Rome (the entire New Testament), but is usually centered around the area of Ancient Israel — Jerusalem, especially. Home to staff-wielding doom-croaking prophets, Philistines, miracles, and loads of people in big robes who sit tableau-like around tables or rocks, looking awe-filled and reverent.

There are many biblical events disputed with regards to date or accuracy. The Israelite Exodus has been traditionally dated to 1400 BC (give or take a few centuries, as there is no other record for the Exodus other than the Bible beyond some really specious readings of the expulsion of the Hyksos), and the rest of the Old Testament from 1000 BC to 500 BC. The New Testament had the death of Jesus dated around 30 AD. Keep in mind that very few dates are accurate due to the various calendar systems used.

If Time Travelers go back to this period, they will probably have Adventures in the Bible.

Popular tropes from this time period are:

As the Good Book Says...
The Chosen One
A Day in the Limelight: Usually an expansion of a background character's fates, or Elsewhere Fic about an Original Character meeting a canon character and having his life changed as a result.
Do Not Do This Cool Thing: While the two empires more often than not provide villains of these stories, it is much rarer for them to not make a case for the glory that was Rome, or the splendor of Egypt.
The Final Temptation
Moses in the Bulrushes
Sword & Sandal

Works that are set in this time period include:

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Anime and Manga

Art

The Last Supper

Film

Ben-Hur
The Bible: In The Beginning...
Exodus: Gods and Kings
From the Manger to the Cross
The Gospel According to St. Matthew
The Gospel of John
The Greatest Story Ever Told
History of the World Part I (in places)
Jesus aka The Jesus Film
Jesus Christ Superstar
Joseph
King David
The King of Kings (1927)
King of Kings (1961)
The Last Temptation of Christ
Monty Python's Life of Brian
Moses
The Nativity Story
Noah
The Passion of the Christ
Paul, Apostle of Christ
Peter And Paul
The Prodigal
Risen
The Robe
Samson and Delilah
Son of God
The Story Of Jacob And Joseph
The Ten Commandments
The Visual Bible: Matthew
The Dudley Moore comedy Wholly Moses!
Year One
The Young Messiah

Literature

Ben-Hur
The Bible
The Cartoon History of the Universe (the first couple of volumes)
Lamb: The Gospel According to Biff, Christ's Childhood Pal
The Last Temptation of Christ
The Letters From Nicodemus
Many Waters
The Red Tent
Quo Vadis
The Winds of Zarr

Live Action TV

Tabletop Games

Testament: Roleplaying in the Biblical Era

Theatre

Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
Children of Eden
Jesus Christ Superstar
Godspell

Video Games

The You Testament
Civilization from V onwards tends to use this aesthetic to represent the "ancient era", as opposed to the Inventing the Wheel motief present in previous games.

Western Animation