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Central Europe
Free Socialist Republic of Germany
Official Name: Free Socialist Republic of Germany
Ruling Party: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlandsnote
Ideology: Spartacism
- Balkanize Me: If the FSRD loses to the capitalists in the Second World War, it can either be split into the West, East and South German Federation (according to the British plan), dismembered into eight independent states (according to the French plan), or divided into two smaller 'Federations' in the south and west and three other nations in the north and east (a compromise between Britain and France).
- Capitalism Is Bad: Like all variants of communist ideologies and communist nations in OTL as in Spartakus, the Free Socialist Republic of Germany is of this opinion towards capitalism, and the May Revolution had shown they are willing to dismantle it by force. Notably, while its council democracy constitutionally guarantees the rights of justice, protection, wellbeing, worship and many other things, it guarantees only social ownership of property - private property is theoretically abolished, and Socialist Germany is presently working on total socialization of their economy with collective ownership of the means of production. In practice, some personal property rights appear to be still retained.
- Chummy Commies: Founded on the ideals of Soviet democracy, the Free Socialist Republic of Germany is a sincere federal socialist republic whose citizens have constitutionally guaranteed rights to justice, protection, wellbeing, worship, among other things. Socialist Germany is the birthplace of Sparticism, which advocates for democracy, ending capitalism and ensuring the rights and welfare of the common workers.
- Civil War: The FSRD was born during and in the aftermath of the German Civil War which broke out in the May Revolution of 1919.
- Commie Land: The Free Socialist Republic of Germany is one of the main bastions of Communism in Spartakus, alongside the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
- The Leader: While all members of the Third International are theoretically equal, Socialist Germany's status as the most industrially-developed Communist state gave it a preeminent and highly influential status along with the Soviet Union in the Communist bloc, which often turns to Socialist Germany for leadership.
- Please Select New City Name: Several German city names have been changed after the revolution. Chemnitz has been renamed Karl-Marx-Stadt (like in OTL), Königsberg is now called Friedrich-Engels-Stadt, Wilhelmshaven has been renamed Volkshafen (People's Port) and Kiel was changed to Friedenshafen-Kiel (Port of Peace-Kiel).
- The Protagonist: Shaping up to be this for Spartakus: World In Revolution, on account of being the forefront of communism as one of the leading communist states whose successful communist revolution shaped the entire Spartakus world up until 1932.
- The Republic: It's literally in its name after all.
Rosa Luxembourg
Role: Chairpersonnote
Party: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlandsnote
Ideology: Spartacism
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Rhenish Republic
Official Name: Rhenish Republic, Rhenish Federation (London Compromise), West German Federation (Three Federations)
Ruling Party: Christliche Volksparteinote
Ideology: Social Conservatism
- Puppet State: The Rhenish Republic used to be called the Inter-Allied Rhineland Occupation Zone, and remains a satellite state to Britain, France, and Belgium.
- The Remnant: The Rhenish Republic is the last remaining piece of the Weimar government, led by local leaders who refused to give up on the short-lived republic.
- The Republic: Just like its communist neighbor Socialist Germany, Rheinland is a republic (albeit of the Western type as opposed to the Soviet version).
Ludwig Kaas
Role: Presidentnote
Party: Christliche Volksparteinote
Ideology: Social Conservatism
Kingdom of Baden-Württemberg
Official Name: Kingdom of Baden-Württemberg, South German Federation (Three Federations, London Compromise)
Ruling Party: Deutschnationale Volksparteinote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
- The Remnant: Like Livonia, Baden-Württemberg is led by local German nobility that remained loyal to the German Empire. Similar to the Rhenish Republic, it is a breakaway state that was formed from the ashes of Weimar Germany.
Albrecht I
Role: Presidentnote , Monarchnote
Party: Deutschnationale Volksparteinote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Austrian Socialist Republic
Official Name: Austrian Socialist Republic
Ideology: Spartacism
Theodor Körner
Role: Presidentnote
Ideology: Spartacism
Republic of Austria
Official Name: Republic of Austria
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
Wilhelm Miklas
Role: Presidentnote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
Czech Republic
Official Name: Czech Republic
Ruling Party: ČSA
Ideology: Social Conservatism
TomáÅ¡ Garrigue Masaryk
Role: Head of State
Party: ČSA
Ideology: Social Conservatism
Western Europe
French National and Social Republic
Official Name: French National and Social Republic
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
- Military Coup: The French State was formed through a successful coup d'état in 1925 which overthrew the Third Republic and ushered in the "Regime of Marshals".
- People's Republic of Tyranny: The French National and Social Republic is a military dictatorship with no democracy whatsoever.
- Police State: The Republic was established after the May 25th Coup by the National Union League, which overthrew the Third Republic and replaced it with a military dictatorship.
- Putting on the Reich: France's full name includes the words "National" and "Social", and the program of its ruling party also promises a "new order" for France and the rest of Europe. Sounds familiar?
Hubert Lyautey
Role: Chef de la Nationnote
Party: LUN (M)
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Official Name: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Charlotte
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of Belgium
Official Name: Kingdom of Belgium
Albert I
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Official Name: Kingdom of the Netherlands
Wilhelmina
Role: Monarchnote
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Official Name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Ruling Party: Liberal Party
- The Empire: The British Empire is still alive, if in worse shape than in OTL as a result of the First World War and having neither a Treaty of Versailles nor reparations from Germany to help with the economic recovery. In the years since the German revolution they were struggling to maintain it, fighting uprisings and guerilla wars in Ireland, Afghanistan, India, and as of 1932 in Burma.
- From Bad to Worse: The aftermath of the Great War cost it the flower of a generation and also severe economic losses, and the absence of the Treaty of Versailles and associating reparations in TTL made economic recovery slow and ponderous. Its military strength is exhausted after the war had ended, a situation compounded by it becoming badly stretched out between their commitments in Russia (which failed) and holding their empire together against autonomist and anticolonial movements among their subjects such as stopping a prolonged Irish War of Independence, an Afghan revolt (which the British outright lost), and the 'Red Revolt' which raged across India between 1925-28. The government and mainstream parties' excessive responses and overreaction to colonial issues and left-wing activism - such as the brutal operations against the Irish Republican Army in 1922 and forceful response to the 1926 national strike - made things worse by alienating the voting public and making the resentful British proletariat even more receptive to socialism, a fact which was not helped by the series of ineffectual governments which arose and fell in relatively quick successions as a result of the post-war problems. And THEN, just when things were starting to re-stabilize, the 1929 London Market Crash halted and reversed whatever little economic recovery they managed to achieve and threw the empire into greater turmoil and instability. By 1932 the British Raj has to deal with a new and rather vicious Burmese revolt, which once again threatens British Empire's grip on its crown jewel.
- Occupiers Out of Our Country: On the receiving end following the Great War from multiple insurgencies by their colonial subjects, from Ireland and Afghanistan to India and Burma, which is not helped by and compounding their military exhaustion.
- Vestigial Empire: Downplayed, but the British Empire is looking increasingly untenable by the early 1930s from economic hardship, political crises and general domestic instability caused by the First World War, which was compounded by their struggle to hold their empire together against many uprisings with their already exhausted and badly-stretched military forces. All this was before the London Market Crash of 1929 ushered in The Great Depression and made everything even worse.
George V
Role: Monarchnote
Dominion of Ireland
Official Name: Dominion of Ireland
George V
Role: Monarchnote
See his entry in the United Kingdom folder.Southern Europe
Kingdom of Italy
Official Name: Kingdom of Italy
Ruling Party: Governo Militarenote
Ideology: Authoritarian Conservatism
The Kingdom of Italy had emerged from the Great War having accomplished some of its goals, but was still faced its own the post-war turmoil. Despite having averted a right-wing coup in 1922 from Mussolini's Fascists, the successes of Communism in Germany, Russia and other parts of Europe coupled with a post-war economic downturn resulted in labour unrest and political instability. The decade-long 'Decennio Rosso' culminated with the assassination of the Italian prime minister in 1928, which prompted the Italian military to seize power and declare martial law. Only time will tell however how long military rule would save Italy from both the specter of communism and the threat of resurgent fascism.- Day of the Jackboot:
- This trope is averted in 1922 when the attempted takeover by Mussolini's Fascists, the March on Rome, was crushed on orders of the monarchy in contrast to Real Life.
- Played Straight when the Royal Italian Army seized control of the nation in 1928 after a decade of political and economic instability, presumably in a last-ditch effort to avert a communist revolt or fascist resurgence from taking over Italy.
- For Want Of A Nail: In the Spartakus world, the 1922 March on Rome by Benito Mussolini and his Fascists were crushed by the Italian army due to King Victor Emmaneul III's concerns over Mussolini's former Socialist ties, which together with pressure from the army and his ministers prompted him not to throw his support to Mussolini as he had in Real Life.
- Military Coup: Like in France, the military seized power under Pietro Badoglio in 1928 in a bid to restore political stability after the Italian prime minister was assassinated.
- Occupiers Out of Our Country: The Anti-Militarist Resistance Movement is allied with two regional autonomist organizations such as the Lion of Saint Mark in Venice and the Sardinian Action Party in Sardinia who want to kick the Italians out of their territories and establish their own states.
- La Résistance: An anti-militarist resistance movement arose in Italy following the 1928 military takeover which had waged a low-level insurgency against the junta all the way to 1932. It nominally shares a goal in overthrowing Badoglio's military regime but is otherwise divided into multiple factions with differing goals, ranging from the communist Revolutionary Liberation Committee currently leading the efforts in exile from Berlin to the non-communist Giustizia e Libertà movement of Carlo Rosselli.
- Tyrant Takes the Helm: To many, General Pietro Badoglio and the Royal Italian Army's takeover of Italy in 1928 was this, prompting the rise of the Anti-Militarist Resistance Movement against the junta and growing separatist sentiments by autonomist movements in Venice and Sardinia.
Vittorio Emanuelle III
Role: Monarchnote
Party: Governo Militarenote
Ideology: Authoritarian Conservatism
Pietro Badoglio
Role: Prime Ministernote
Party: Governo Militarenote
Ideology: Authoritarian Conservatism
Francesco Luigi Ferrari
Role: Prime Ministernote (Post-Civil War Elections)
Party: Democrazia Cristiananote
Ideology: Social Conservatism
Alcide De Gasperi
Role: Prime Ministernote (Post-Civil War Elections)
Party: Democrazia Cristiananote
Ideology: Social Conservatism
Antonio Gramsci
Role: Leader of the Comitato Rivoluzionario di Liberazionenote (CRL)
Party: Partito Comunista d'Italia (Ordinovisti)note
Ideology: Spartacism
Benito Mussolini
Role: Leader of the Partito Nazionale Fascistanote
Party: Partito Nazionale Fascista (Fascisti)note
Ideology: National Corporatism
Italian Civil War
Autonomous Region of Venice
Official Name: Autonomous Region of Venice, Italian Federal Republic (Republic Declared)
Ruling Party: Leone di San Marconote
Ideology: Reformist Socialism
Italico Corradino Cappellotto
Role: Head of State
Party: Leone di San Marconote
Ideology: Reformist Socialism
Carlo Rosseli
Role: Head of State (Republic Declared)
Party: Giustizia e Libertànote
Ideology: Reformist Socialism
Autonomous Region of Sardinia
Official Name: Autonomous Region of Serdinia
Ruling Party: Partidu Sardu – Partito Sardo d'Azionenote
Ideology: Social Democracy
Pietro Mastino
Role: Head of State
Party: Partidu Sardu – Partito Sardo d'Azionenote
Ideology: Social Democracy
Turin Workers' Council
Official Name: Turin Workers' Council, Italian Socialist Federative Republic (Socialist Republic Declared)
Ruling Party: Partito Comunista d'Italia (Ordinovisti)note
Ideology: Spartacism
Celeste Negarville
Role: Head of State
Party: Partito Comunista d'Italia (Ordinovisti)note
Ideology: Spartacism
Kingdom of Illyria
Official Name: Kingdom of Illyria
Tomislav II Frankopan
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of Montenegro
Official Name: Kingdom of Montenegro
Danilo II
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of Serbia
Official Name: Kingdom of Serbia
Ruling Party: Vlada Nacionalnog Spasanote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Petar II
Role: Monarchnote
Party: Vlada Nacionalnog Spasanote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Kingdom of Albania
Official Name: Kingdom of Albania
Herthe I
Role: Monarchnote
Second Hellenic Republic
Official Name: Hellenic Republic
Ruling Party: Komma Fileleftheronnote
Ideology: Social Liberalism
Aléxandros Zaimis
Role: Presidentnote
Party: Komma Fileleftheronnote
Ideology: Social Liberalism
Spanish Republic
Official Name: Spanish Republic
- Civil War: A civil war could break out in Spain like in Real Life if the circumstances for it are met.
Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
Role: Head of State
Kingdom of Portugal
Official Name: Kingdom of Portugal
Ruling Party: CM-A
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Manuel II
Role: Monarchnote
Party: CM-A
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Portuguese Republic
Official Name: Portuguese Republic
Ruling Party: Partido Unido da Esquerda Republicana (Partido Comunista Português - Partido Republicano da Esquerda Democrática)note
Ideology: Spartacism
Comitê Revolucionário
Role: Head of State
Party: Partido Unido da Esquerda Republicana (Partido Comunista Português - Partido Republicano da Esquerda Democrática)note
Ideology: Spartacism
Northern Europe
Kingdom of Denmark
Official Name: Kingdom of Denmark
Christian X
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of Iceland
Official Name: Kingdom of Iceland
Kristján X
Role: Monarchnote
See his entry in the Denmark folder.
Kingdom of Norway
Official Name: Kingdom of Norway
Haakon VII
Role: Monarchnote
Republic of Sweden
Official Name: Republic of Sweden
Per Halbin Hansson
Role: Head of State
Republic of Finland
Official Name: Republic of Finland
Pehr Evind Svinhufund
Role: Head of State
Eastern Europe
Republic of Estonia
Official Name: Republic of Estonia
Ruling Party: Isamaaliitnote
Ideology: Anocracy
Johan Laidoner
Role: Head of State
Party: Isamaaliitnote
Ideology: Anocracy
Livonia
Official Name: Livonia
Ruling Party: Militärregierungnote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
- Foreign Ruling Class: Livonia's native Latvians and Estonians are ruled over by the local German nobility and officer corps.
- Going Native: Livonia's Baltische Landswehr can choose to assimilate by creating an all-Latvian army.
- Occupiers Out of Our Country: Latvian rebels seek to overthrow the Baltic German regime of Livonia through terrorist attacks and violent revolution such as the bombing of the Riga Central Station. They can receive aid from Estonia if they choose to intervene.
- Putting on the Reich: Alfred Rosenberg and Reinhard Heydrich, who were members of the Nazi Party in OTL, lead the Livonian Nationalist Party, which is modeled after the Nazis and can turn Livonia into a nationalist dictatorship.
- The Remnant: It's a dictatorship run by generals that were loyal to the old German Empire. It can even become a duchy under a quasi-democratic authoritarian regime led by the Baltische Reformspartei that embraces Otto von Bismarck's Prussian Constitutionalism.
- The Republic: Livonia can choose to become a Western liberal republic led by Paul Schiemann of the Baltic Democratic Party in one of the focuses trees.
- The Theocracy: Livonia can potentially become a Catholic theocracy and reform the old Teutonic Order.
Rüdiger von der Goltz
Role: Head of State
Party: Militärregierungnote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Paul Schiemann
Role: Head of State
Party: Baltische Demokratische Parteinote
Alfred Rosenberg
Party: Deutsch-baltische Volksparteinote
Republic of Lithuania
Official Name: Republic of Lithuania
Aleksandras Stulginskis
Role: Head of State
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Official Name: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Ideology: Bolshevism
- Chummy Commies: The USSR is a federal Marxist socialist republic with Lev Kamenev in charge.
- Commie Land: The USSR is the second major communist nation in Spartakus alongside the Free Socialist Republic of Germany.
- For Want Of A Nail: As a result of butterflies from the first point of divergence, the Soviets were able to defeat Poland during the Soviet-Polish War of 1919-1920 and turn it into another communist state. This also created a direct corridor which allowed Soviet Russia to provide support to the German communists in the German Civil War and helping to ensure they win.
- The Federation: The Soviet Union is a socialist federation of republics led by Lev Kamenev.
- The Leader: The USSR is the co-leader of the Communist International by 1932 together with the Free Socialist Republic of Germany. In the International Proletarian Defence Pact (INPROV), the Soviet Union is the only other executive member of the military alliance with Socialist Germany.
Lev Kamenev
Role: Chairpersonnote
Ideology: Bolshevism
Polish-Galician Socialist Republic
Official Name: Polish-Galician Socialist Republic
Ideology: Bolshevism
Adolf Warski
Role: Head of State
Ideology: Bolshevism
Hungarian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic
Official Name: Hungarian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic
Ruling Party: Hungarian Socialist Party
Ideology: Bolshevism
József Pogány
Role: Chairpersonnote
Party: Hungarian Socialist Party
Ideology: Bolshevism
Kingdom of Romania
Official Name: Kingdom of Romania, Romanian Socialist Republic (Socialist Civil War Victory)
Ruling Party: Partidul Național Țărănescnote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
- Civil War: Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's Iron Guard and Elena Bacaloglu's Fascio will inevitably fight each other if Romania turns National Syndicalist.
- Putting on the Reich: Romania can become fascist if the Iron Guard wins the 1933 elections or the Fascio overthrow the former.
Carol II
Role: Monarchnote
Iuliu Maniu
Role: Prime Ministernote
Party: Partidul Național Țărănescnote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
Corneliu Codreanu
Role: Prime Ministernote (1933 Election)
Party: Garda de Fiernote
Ideology: National Syndicalism
Elena Bacalolgu
Role: Prime Ministernote (Fascio Coup)
Party: Fascio
Ideology: National Corporatism
Gheorghe Cristescu
Role: Prime Ministernote (1933 Election)
Republic of Bulgaria
Official Name: Republic of Bulgaria
Aleksandar Stamboliyski
Role: Head of State
The Middle East
Exalted Ottoman State
Official Name: Exalted Ottoman State
Ruling Party: Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkasınote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
- Internal Reformist: The leadership of the Exalted Ottoman State creates policies that integrate non-Turkish Christians into society such as serving in the army and being free of their old tax burdens. Pluralism has also been embraced by the state.
- Puppet State: It was established as a client state by the British after the end of World War I.
- Vestigial Empire: The state lost much of its land to foreign powers and is reduced to simply Turkey as well parts of northern Iraq after signing a peace treaty with Britain.
Mehmed VI
Role: Monarchnote
Party: Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkasınote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
Kurdistan Autonomy
Official Name: Kurdistan Autonomy
Republic of Armenia
Official Name: Republic of Armenia
Hovhannes Kajaznuni
Role: Head of State
Kingdom of Palestine and Hejaz
Official Name: Kingdom of Palestine and Hejaz
Ali Bin Hussein
Role: Monarchnote
Kingom of Iraq
Official Name: Kingom of Iraq
Faisal I
Role: Monarchnote
Sublime State of Persia
Official Name: Sublime State of Persia
Ruling Party: Qajar Dynasty
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Mahmoud Mirza Shah Qajar
Role: Monarchnote
Party: Qajar Dynasty
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Gilan Soviet
Official Name: Persian Socialist Soviet Republic
Ruling Party: Ḥezb-e komūnīst-e Irannote
Ideology: Bolshevism
Ja'far Pishevari
Role: Head of State
Party: Ḥezb-e komūnīst-e Irannote
Ideology: Bolshevism
Khuzestan
Official Name: Khuzestan
Ruling Party: Tribal Federation
Ideology: Anocracy
Khaz'al Khan al-Kaabi
Role: Monarchnote
Party: Tribal Federation
Ideology: Anocracy
Khorasan
Official Name: Iranian Nationalist Government of Khorasan
Ruling Party: Ḥezb-e Taǰaddodnote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
Mohammed Taqi Pessian
Role: Head of State
Party: Ḥezb-e Taǰaddodnote
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
Transcaspia
Official Name: Transcaspian Government
Ruling Party: Banditynote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Oraz Sirdar
Role: Head of State
Party: Banditynote
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
South Asia
Emirate of Bukhara
Official Name: Emirate of Bukhara
Ruling Party: Mangit
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Mohammed Alim Khan
Role: Monarchnote
Party: Mangit
Ideology: Right-Wing Populism
Nepal
Official Name: Kingdom of Nepal
Tribhuvan Shah
Role: Monarchnote
Bhutan
Official Name: Kingdom of Bhutan, Druk Empire
Jigme Wangchuck
Role: Monarchnote
British Raj
Official Name: British Raj
Burmese Revolt
U Nu
Role: Head of State
Raj Collapse
Jammu and Kashmir
Official Name: Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu
Hari Singh Dogra
Role: Monarchnote
Wathanistan
Official Name: Republic of Wathanistan, Mughal Empire (Monarchy Restored)
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Role: Head of State
Muhammad Shah II Timurid
Role: Monarchnote (Monarchy Restored)
Union of Bharat
Official Name: Union of Bharat
Jawaharlal Nehru
Role: Head of State
Manabendra Nath Roy
Role: Head of State
Party: Spartacism
Bhagat Singh
Role: Head of State
Party: Bolshevism
Chandra Shekhar Azad
Role: Head of State
Party: Bolshevism
Kingdom of Gwalior
Jivajirao II
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of Sikkim
Official Name: Kingdom of Sikkim, Himalayan Empire
Tashi Namgyal
Role: Monarchnote
Maratha Confederacy
Official Name: Maratha Confederacy
Rajaram III
Role: Monarchnote
State of Hyderabad
Official Name: State of Hyderabad
Osman Ali Khan
Role: Monarchnote
State of Mysore
Official Name: Kingdom of Mysore
Krishnaraja Wadiyar
Role: Monarchnote
Kingdom of Travancore
Official Name: Kingdom of Travancore
Bala Rama Varma III
Role: Monarchnote
Tripura State
Official Name: Tripura State
Vir Vikram Manikya
Role: Monarchnote
Manipur Kingdom
Official Name: Manipur Kingdom
Charuchandra Singh
Role: Monarchnote
East Asia
Yunnan Clique
Official Name: Yunnan Clique
Long Yun
Role: Governornote
Nanjing Government
Official Name: Government of the Republic of China (Nanjing)
Ruling Party: Kuomintangnote
Ideology: Social Liberalism
While the National Revolution and the Northern Expedition had a promising start, tensions simmer within the KMT party and government between the rightwing faction with the leftwing faction and their CPC allies. The ideological divisions and rivalry between them grew fiercer and irreconcilable as time went on, until suddenly in April 1927 the rightists led by General Chiang Kai-shek launched a coup to purge the leftists and CPC from the party and seize control of the Republic of China. They were only partly successful, with the KMT in Wuhan refusing to submit and stood against the coup, forcing the rightists to reestablish their capital in Nanjing. Since then, the Nanjing KMT had squabbled against their Wuhan KMT counterparts over who is the legitimate government of the Republic of China, and their refusal to reconcile and inability to overcome each other is putting both the goal of Chinese reunification and the defense of China against foreign powers like the Empire of Japan at risk.- The Coup: The Nanjing KMT came about in the 12 April Coup, when the rightist faction of the KMT led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek attempted to purge the KMT of its leftist faction and its CPC allies and seize control of the Republic of China. They were only partly successful due to the KMT government in Wuhan refusing to submit and holding out against them to the present day.
- Irony: Although they tried to seize power over the KMT party and government in 1925, by 1932 many of the coup's leaders, notably including Chiang Kai-shek himself, had been forced from power themselves for one reason or another, though in Chiang's case there's still a chance for him to climb back up on top.
- The Purge: The Nanjing KMT came about when the KMT rightists attempted to do this to the KMT's leftist factions and CPC in 1927. Their partial success resulted in the Nanjing-Wuhan split which had persisted since then.
- The Usurper: The Nanjing KMT government is seen as this by the Wuhan KMT government, who refuses to recognize it as legitimate as it does vice-versa. Considering the Nanjing KMT came to power through a rightwing coup and purge of its leftwing and CPC allies, and the KMT capital was relocated four months prior to that and was at Wuhan when it happened, it's not an entirely unwarranted accusation.
- We ARE Struggling Together:
- Both the Nanjing and Wuhan governments seek to reunify China, but their squabble for legitimacy had hindered those efforts and put their ultimate goal beyond reach for the time being.
- Compared to the Wuhan KMT government, the Nanjing regime is more unified under its presently authoritarian structure. That being said, it's noted rivalries and tensions between generals and politicians are growing beneath the veneer of unity, and a major power struggle is expected to occur as soon as they figure out how to take out their Wuhan KMT counterparts.
- You Have Failed Me: Ironically, despite having led the coup, Chiang Kai-shek was subjected to this when he was forced to resign from his leadership position by 1930-1 over failures of the Northern Expedition and other uncovered crimes.
Sun Fo
Role: Head of State
Party: Kuomintangnote
Ideology: Social Liberalism
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Wuhan Government
Official Name: Government of the Republic of China (Wuhan)
Ruling Party: Kuomintangnote
Ideology: Social Democracy
When the National Revolution began and the Northern Expedition was launched, the KMT government formed in 1925 at Guangzhou made the decision to move the capital to Wuhan in January 1927, where they could better direct the efforts of the KMT to reunify China. When Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and Rightist elements of the KMT launched their purge against Leftist and CPC elements in the KMT in the 12 April Coup, the KMT in Wuhan refused to comply and stood against the Rightist faction, which established a new capital in Nanjing. Five years on both governments still refuses to accept the other as legitimate, and their continued squabbles puts both the goal of Chinese reunification and China's autonomy from foreign powers such as the Empire of Japan at risk.- The Alliance: Unlike the Nanjing KMT, the Wuhan KMT has maintained their alliance with the Communist Party of China. Given their own disagreements and divergent goals only time will tell how long and if this would last.
- The Remnant: The Wuhan government sees itself as what remains of the legitimate Kuomintang government and the territory they control the actual Republic of China, refusing to recognize the Nanjing KMT government as legitimate. This is technically true since the KMT government was based in Wuhan when they moved their capital there in January 1927, and refused to submit to the rightist faction when they launched their coup in April, forcing them to establish a rival government at Nanjing.
- We ARE Struggling Together:
- Both the Wuhan and Nanjing governments seek to reunify China, but the two's squabble for legitimacy had hindered those efforts and put their ultimate goal beyond reach for the time being.
- The Wuhan government is presented as being even more divided than the Nanjing government currently is, with constant arguments and debates between its leading members over policy and how to deal with their Nanjing rivals and reunify China, as well as with their CPC allies. It had not led to major divisions for the time being, but threatens their survival and success at a time when unity is paramount against their Nanjing rivals, other warlords and the looming threat of Japan. It's noted that if their present leader Wang Jingwei cannot resolve these divisions and issues by 1932 the Wuhan KMT would be in serious trouble.
Wang Jingwei
Role: Head of State
Party: Kuomintangnote
Ideology: Social Democracy
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Laborers' Autonomous Government of Wuhan
Official Name: Laborers' Autonomous Government of Wuhan
Ideology: Bolshevism
CPC Rebellion in WuhanLi Lisan
Role: Head of State
Ideology: Bolshevism
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Revolutionary Hailufeng
Official Name: Revolutionary Hailufeng
Ideology: Bolshevism
CPC Rebellion in HailufengPeng Pai
Role: Head of State
Ideology: Bolshevism
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Guominjun
Official Name: GuominjunTr.
Feng Yuxiang
Role: Head of State
In-Game BiographyClick to Show
Xinjiang Clique
Official Name: Xinjiang Clique
Yang Zhengxin
Role: Governornote
Shanxi Clique
Official Name: Shanxi Clique
Yan Xishan
Role: Governornote
Empire of Japan
Official Name: Empire of Japan
Ideology: Authoritarian Conservatism
- The Empire: One of the Great Powers of the world and the only one to originate outside of Europe.
- Rising Empire: Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan has expanded its boundaries to incorporate Korea and parts of China. It also defeated Russia in the Russo-Japanese War.
North America
Dominion of Newfoundland
Official Name: Dominion of Newfoundland
Ruling Party: Liberal Party
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
George V
Role: Monarchnote
See his entry in the United Kingdom folder.
United States of America
Official Name: United States of America
Ruling Party: Republican Party
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
- Eagleland: So far, the USA in Spartakus is a solid Type I (Beautiful) since it never suffered economic depression, chose to keep itself isolated from world affairs and avoided the political strife that engulfed much of Europe.
- The Federation: The U.S. is a collection of 48 states and numerous territories spanning from coast to coast.
- The Republic: It is a federal democratic republic that is Western capitalist much like Rheinland.
- Screw This, I'm Outta Here: According to Spartakus lore, the USA retreated back into isolationism much like OTL due to renewed European imperialism in the Pacific and financial troubles Europe was going through. It had even essentially cut itself off from the world market well before the London Stock Market Crash of 1929.
Herbert Hoover
Role: Presidentnote
Party: Republican Party
Ideology: Liberal Conservatism
South America
Argentine Republic
Official Name: Argentine Republic
Ruling Party: PN
Ideology: National Corporatism
José Félix Benito Uriburu
Role: Head of State
Party: PN
Ideology: National Corporatism