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Some women have cooler jobs than others.

"Stay, stay thy hands! Thou art an Amazon and fightest with the sword of Deborah."
King Henry VI Part 1

Derek Reese: Remind me again, why are the boys out here and the girls in there?
John Connor: Because (...) one of the girls is harder than nuclear nails.
Derek Reese: And the other one's a cyborg.
Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles, "What He Beheld"

The Action Girl is, essentially, Badassitude molded into a sleek female frame: a female character who is spunky, agile, and can take you down with an array of kicks, punches, or diverse Weapons Of Choice.

She is not a Distressed Damsel. She doesn't sit around waiting to be rescued. She doesn't only plan how to rescue herself. She doesn't talk/manipulate/charm her way out of problems. She's got physical moves of her own to make, and even if she's a female Warrior Therapist, that does not guarantee she'll stop attacking as she speaks either. At one point she was the opposite of The Chick, though they have been overlapping more and more frequently.

Two of them make a Lovely Angels pair; if there are more, it's an Amazon Brigade. The youngest are Cute Bruisers and occasionally Little Miss Badasses. The most noble and graceful are Ladies Of War whereas the wildest and older ones are Hot Chicks With Swords. Gunslinging action is best placed in the Girls With Guns' hands.

If an Action Girl in her twenties or thirties, yet still tags along for the fights, she'll become an Action Mom or a Team Mom, depending on whether the kids she takes care of are hers or not. Maybe even both, if she's got her kids and takes care of other children/teens as well. And threatening said kids, also? Bad, BAD idea.

If the Action Girl is even older, it's a case of Never Mess With Granny. As a bonus, she might also be an Old Master towards a bunch of students, who will also fill in as "her kids". All the other conditions apply, of course.

One anime-specific kind of Action Girl is a Ninja Maid, where the Action Girl normally works as a butler, maid, babysitter or nanny, but is quick to jump in her boss/their family's defense when push comes to shove. If the Action Girl is hired/honor-bound to work as someone's bodyguard and ends up falling in love with them, she's in a Bodyguard Crush situation. If she works for another person and falls in love with said boss/superior, she's got a Subordinate Excuse going on.

If she has a boyfriend that fights alongside her, they are a Battle Couple. If she's the main character and the series's main plot revolves around her and a non-action boyfriend/girlfriend and their adventures, she's likely to be an Action Girlfriend.

This trope frequently overlaps with Hot Amazon, who is lusted after because of her strength and her good looks. This kind of Action Girl is also likely to attact not only the attention of males, but of females too, who admire her strength and have her as a role-model. On the other hand, sometimes it serves up No Guy Wants An Amazon as An Aesop about girl power and chauvinism.

If she's only an Action Girl because you have to Take Our Word For It, she's a Faux Action Girl. This can happen as a result of Character Derailment or Power Creep Power Seep. Will probably pull a Sweet Polly Oliver at some point. Vulnerable to Chickification thanks to The Smurfette Principle, and Women In Refrigerators.

On the other hand, it might be worth noting that being an Action Girl is not inherently a good thing. Some writers fall into the trap of thinking that since the Action Girl is a Strong Woman™, she doesn't need any other qualities or Character Development, often resulting in a really Flat Character. If this is the case, she'll be reduced to a female Jerk Ass, a Straw Feminist or a Tsundere Sue. At its worst, the portrayal of Action Girl might even include several gender-related Unfortunate Implications, especially of the "if you're an Action Girl, you're not allowed to be feminine in any way, lest you lose your right be a feminist icon!" variety. Conversely, there are plenty of well-written female characters who've never thrown a single punch, resolving problems through other means and with other strengths. Proceed with caution, then.

Compare the Action Girl with her Dark-Side counterpart, the often far-more-aggressive Dark Action Girl and the more mundane versions: You Go Girl and Plucky Girl. Not to be confused with Affirmative Action Girl, who is just a girl added to the cast in an adaptation or new season to balance out the gender ratio no matter what role she actually plays.

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