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"That's not a double standard. It's a standard for men, and a standard for women. That's two standards. A double standard would be what I just said, but twice."
George Lopez

Double standards for the genders are Older Than Dirt; separate roles gender roles have existed for hundreds of thousands of years, stretching back to the dawn of humanity. The world has changed since then, of course, but writers (and the tropes they use) can take a long time to catch up. A double standard trope exemplifies this; these are tropes whose persistence reveals our collective assumptions about gender roles, drawing in one fashion or another on enduring, often unspoken assumptions that men should be like this and women should be like that.

Tropes can reveal these assumptions in odd and unintuitive ways. Inverting accepted gender roles in having our rough, tough Big Damn Hero turn out to be female in a shocking plot twist or sight gag can still be Double Standard, since the effect relies on the idea that it's surprising that a woman should be doing these things.

Women are not the only ones confined into gender roles by the assumptions underlying these tropes. Everyone knows that A Man Is Not A Virgin or that Men Are The Expendable Gender, after all. Other tropes reveal gender assumptions in a more complicated fashion; Rape Is Ok When It Is Female On Male reveals assumptions about both men and women — women are assumed not to have any sexual potency (so they can't hurt men with sex), and men, unlike women, are not considered 'defiled' or 'deflowered' by sexual acts (so men can't be hurt by sex, unless it's done by another man).

Remember that Tropes Are Not Bad, and that many of these tropes are only noteworthy because of their prevalence across entire genres or societies; one example in a particular work doesn't automatically mean anything on its own. It is only the fact that these tropes appear time and again that calls attention to them.

Tropes

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     Sexist against women  

     Sexist against men  

     Sexist against either  

     Frequently sexist in execution or delivery, but not sexist in nature