Characters / TNO North America

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Continental North America

Canada

^{Maple Leaf Flag}

^{Pearson Pennant Flag}

Official Name: Dominion of Canada^FrDominion du Canada

Ruling Party: Liberal Party of Canada^note Parti libéral du Canada

Ideology: Liberalism

The Dominion of Canada became increasingly reliant on the United States of America after the United Kingdom capitulated to Germany. By 1962, the nation is a liberal democracy and an OFN member state.

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• The Alliance: Canada is a founding member of the American led Organization of Free Nations, aligning itself with the United States after Britain fell.
• Allohistorical Allusion:
  • Despite different circumstances, Canada will still go through the Great Canadian Flag Debate.
  • Subverted. The 1964 winter Olympics are still scheduled to take place in Innsbruck, Austria, in this timeline, but with the outbreak of the German civil war, the games are moved to Calgary in just three months.
• Arch-Enemy: Given that Canada houses Elizabeth II and the original British government that fled the Isles after the Nazi invasion, it was inevitable that they would not recognize the German collaborationist government that overthrew them.
• The Bad Guy Wins: From the perspective of the First Nations; The Canadian Government's systematic colonial extermination of its Indigenous inhabitants unrestricted has by most accounts, already been achieved, with most information that comes out about its abuses being swept under the rug, and ignored by Government leadership, nor does any average Canadian actually care about the fate of the first nations. While there can be a few tenuous, tokenist reforms made to ever so slightly reduce the Governments gross mistreatment committed against the natives, no leadership path actually puts a stop to the government's genocidal policy against the indigenous in any meaningful way, much less ensure complete self-determination and national-independence of their nations from colonial control.
• Evil Colonialist: The Canadian Administration both in OTL and the TNO universe in relation to it's treatment of First-Nations people can be considered to be this, due to its policy of using various means to exterminate indigenous identity, culture, traditions, and society, such could be seen with its use of the residential schooling system, which served to effectively "assimilate", and "re-educate" native children, and kill off their former way of life.
• The Exile: A number of British political figures and ideologues found exile in Canada following World War 2. However, they can be restored to power if HMMLR wins the British Civil War and Knight reaches a deal with Jones and the Left Resistance.
• The Fundamentalist: Ignoring the obvious elephant in the room, The Social Credit Party base consists of many of these types, including Alberta Premier Ernest Manning, a Christian evangelical who believes that Canada can only survive if it bends to his religion and stays out of the supposedly inevitable and satanic war between Japan and the United States.
• Gameplay and Story Segregation: In-universe, the Canadian Head of State is the Governor General, the federal representative of Queen Elizabeth II. However, the position is held by the Prime Minister (who would technically be the Head of Government instead) in the GUI to better reflect their greater role in the story.
• Government in Exile: Canada is home to Queen Elizabeth II and the British government in exile, and the dominion is still holding onto the Falklands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the Bahamas, Bermuda, Turks and Caicos, Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha in stead of a legitimate British government.
• I Am Who?: Owing to its historical ties, Canada formally shares a constitution with Britain, but since Canada no longer recognizes the Nazi-collaborator government, they have been stuck with the issue of creating a new one for themselves. As such, this has left many Canadian citizens wondering what their national identity is.
• Meaningful Rename: Subverted. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation never changed their name like in real-life, which subtly highlights some important divergences in this timeline. In OTL, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation rebranded itself as the New Democratic Party and adopted a more moderate political platform. This was due to the CCF wanting to distance itself from its more radical founding as a socialist party. In TNO, there’s less of an urge to distance from socialism, so the party is still the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in 1962.
• Puppet State: Downplayed. Canada is independent from the United States, but their trading relationship is so close, that if something happens to the American economy, it will also affect the Canadian economy. Case in point, Nixon's decision to take the dollar off of silver has hit Canada hard, especially in its Western provinces.
• The Remnant: Under Queen Elizabeth II, Canada's the de facto heart of the "legitimate" Commonwealth, in contrast to the Nazi-collaborationist United Kingdom.
• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: OTL Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau is a small-time politician in Quebec, never becoming a major political force due to different circumstances. Trudeau didn’t moderate his political beliefs until traveling the world, mainly in Paris, which he wouldn’t be able to do with the continent under fascist domination.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: Politically, Canada can be split into a rivalry between the wealthier Eastern provinces and the more downtrodden Western provinces, the former of which was often favored by Canadian politicians, much to the detriment of the latter. The rivalry has grown so bitter that the Western territories have begun considering more pragmatic solutions to alleviate their economic woes, even if it harms the country as a whole.
• Western Terrorists: Québécois terrorist groups, from the Marxist Front de libération du Québec to the Fascist Front de l'Unité Nationale du Québec, have long been a thorn in the side of the Canadian government.
• Would Be Rude to Say "Genocide": Nearly all information about the government's active participation in genocide against its first nation population is usually swept under the rug, or otherwise ignored by its leadership and the wider populace.
• Would Hurt a Child: All potential Canadian national leaders have no moral scruples with the government's utilization of residential schools against indigenous children. Something which OTL led to countless forms of neglect and abuse against indigenous children, even directly leading to many of those children dying, something which the true scale of is still only recently being brought to light.
• You Are in Command Now: With the British Isles taken over by Germany, the remnants of the British Empire were transferred to Canada. Stuck in an imperial limbo, Canada isn't sure what to do with its island vassals besides maintain their garrisons.

Lester B. Pearson

Role: Prime Minister

Party: Liberal Party of Canada^note Parti libéral du Canada

Ideology: Liberalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Born in Ontario in 1897, Lester B. Pearson is widely seen as one of the greatest diplomats of his generation. After scoring top marks in the Canadian foreign service entry exam in 1927, Pearson began a distinguished career. His posting in 1935 to the High Commission of Canada to the United Kingdom, and then to Washington D.C. in 1942, saw him reach the apex of his diplomatic career at a relatively young age. Yet his time as a diplomat was spent in the shadow of the catastrophic Second World War.

The fall of the United Kingdom left Canada adrift and increasingly reliant on its American ally. Entering Parliament as a Liberal MP in the dark days of 1946, Pearson's tireless work as an assistant to Mackenzie King's foreign ministry marked him as promising liberal politician. The former diplomat did not spend the following decade of Conservative government idle, advocating strong ties to America and strengthening the OFN as a shield for the free world. His work organizing nonpartisan efforts to better Canada's reputation in non-aligned countries as made him one of the most famous politicians of the former British Empire throughout the fifties.

The Conservatives' defeat in 1958 saw the liberals sweeping back in power with a platform of social programs and increased OFN cooperation, with Lester B. Pearson at the helm. The world waits to see if the former diplomat can continue to pilot Canada's domestic and foreign policy to a brighter future.

Pearson is a career politician, having served as High Commissioner of Canada for the United Kingdom until Operation Sealion. Following his return, Pearson entered federal politics, first as an MP and later as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. He called for closer ties to the United States, and for strengthening the OFN against its rivals. His rhetoric was a success, and he led the Liberals to a massive victory against the Progressive Conservatives, ending their decade-long government.

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• The Ace: Pearson is well-known for being one of the most skilled diplomats of his time, having strengthened Canada's ties to the OFN and organizing nonpartisan efforts to boost Canada's reputation to non-aligned nations.
• Affectionate Nickname: Pearson is known by his nickname "Mike"^note In case your wondering, he gained it while training as a pilot in the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War. One of the flight instructors told him that Lester was a "sissy's name", and declared him to be Mike.
• Internal Reformist: If re-elected Pearson will make promises of a new constitution, universal healthcare, economic reform, and addressing the issues of disaffected Quebecois and western Canadians.
• Landslide Election: In the 1958 elections, Pearson led the Liberals to power after a landslide victory against the Conservatives.

John Diefenbaker

Role: Prime Minister (1963 election)

Party: Progressive-Conservative Party of Canada^note Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada

Ideology: Prairie Populism^note Conservatism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Born in Ontario in 1895, John Diefenbaker is one of the more senior men in Canadian politics. Serving with distinction in the First World War, he developed a disdain for the way in which politicians seemed so eager to throw away the lives of Canadian boys. Upon returning to Canada after the war, he went to law school, and from there, his political career truly began. Joining politics officially in 1924, he was drawn to the Conservative Party, mainly for its opposition to free trade, which he believed would make Canada dependent on the United States.

Four decades later, however, to say that John Diefenbaker is a tired man would be a gross understatement. Run after run, election after election, the Tories have found themselves at the short end of the stick. The Progressive Conservatives are a dying party, failing to win an election and establish a majority since the 1930's. The popular reign of the Liberal Party for the past 30 years has worn down on Diefenbaker, and this weariness is visible in his disposition and policy. A landslide loss to Pearson and his Liberals in '58 has done little to endear Diefenbaker to the current government.

In addition, the main reason that Diefenbaker ever threw in his lot with the Tories in the first place, fear of Canadian dependence on the US, is now more realized than ever before. The OFN has effectively shackled Canada to her southern "ally", dictating both her foreign and domestic policies. Luckily for him, however, the rise of the British Exiles in Canadian politics has presented the Tories with a unique opportunity to steal back the House from Pearson. With political polarization becoming an ever present issue, one thing is certain: if Diefenbaker and the Tories win the House of Commons, Canada will be flipped on its head.

Diefenbaker is no stranger to conflict, having served with distinction during the First World War. He is a career politician, having been in the house the longest out of Pearson and Douglas. However, his time in politics has worn him out, and his defeat to the Liberals have tarnished his reputation within the Tories. His goals, should he be reelected, is to lessen the dependance Canada has on the United States.

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• The Cassandra: Diefenbaker strongly opposed free trade because it would cede Canadian independence to the American sphere of influence. However, few listened to him because the Progressive Conservatives had lost most of their influence to the Liberal Party, but his fears did come true, as the United States practically dictates Canada's foreign and domestic policies.
• Dry Crusader: Under Diefenbaker's leadership, members of the Progressive Conservatives are prohibited from drinking alcohol or smoking cigars during meetings. If Stanfield becomes the party's leader, many members are pleased they can now enjoy those luxuries.
• Good Old Ways: Diefenbaker prefers to live an old-fashioned life, such as taking whistle-stop tours during his political campaigns.
• Internal Reformist: Diefenbaker promises a new constitution, economic development in the Far North, and bridging the divide between Quebec and the West.
• Resigned in Disgrace: Diefenbaker can be forced to resign by a coalition of disgruntled Progressive Conservative members, with Robert Stanfield becoming the party's new leader.

John Turner

Role: Prime Minister (1967 election)

Party: Liberal Party of Canada^note Parti libéral du Canada

Ideology: Classical Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• But Not Too Foreign: Turner was Born in Richmond, Surrey in England, and moved to British Columbia with his Canadian mother in 1932 after his father died.
• Historical Badass Upgrade: In our timeline Turner was only Prime Minister for a few months before being defeated by Brian Mulroney's Progressive Conservatives in a landslide victory.
• New Era Speech: In preparation for his 1967 campaign, Turner sermonizes to an audience of young Liberals about how he'll lead Canada into a new age without poverty and unemployment.
• Taking Up the Mantle: Turner vows to continue and expand upon the progress made by the Pearson government.
• Young and in Charge: At only 37 years of age, Turner is set to be the youngest Prime Minister in Canada's history.
• Young Future Famous People: Turner became Prime Minister of Canada in our timeline but not until 1984.

Robert Stanfield

Role: Prime Minister (1967 election)

Party: Progressive-Conservative Party of Canada^note Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada

Ideology: Big Tent^note Liberal Conservatism

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• Suspiciously Similar Substitute: Stanfield will become the leader of the Progressive Conservatives if Diefenbaker is forcefully resigned from the position, with many Progressive Conservatives hoping that he'll realign the party to a "true blue conservative vision".

Tommy Douglas

Role: Prime Minister (1967 election)

Party: Co-operative Commonwealth Federation^note Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif

Ideology: Democratic Socialism^note Progressivism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Born in Scotland in 1904, Thomas Clement Douglas moved to Canada with his family at the age of 6, settling in Winnipeg. Enrolling at the Baptist Brandon College in the 1920's, Douglas was set to study Theology. While studying there, he became enthralled with the Social Gospel Movement, which claimed that Christianity was just as concerned with social justice as it was with salvation. These social concepts had a deep-rooted effect on the young Douglas, encouraging a career in politics, rather than religion.

After completing a Master's Degree and an "interesting" thesis paper, a newly-married Douglas moved to Saskatchewan, becoming a social activist with the CCF. He was eventually elected to the House of Commons in 1935.

In the 30 years since that election, Tommy Douglas has climbed the political ladder of the CCF. From MP, to Premier of Saskatchewan, to Leader of the CCF, Douglas has risen through the ranks to become one of the most powerful men in the nation. A strong proponent of Universal Healthcare and various other social programs, he has seriously given the Tory and Liberal establishment a run for its money in recent years, as these concepts continually rise in popularity.

Despite a past that could be seen as quite disagreeable by modern standards, and being born outside of Canada, Douglas has become a beloved figure in Canadian politics, his natural charisma bringing thousands to the once-small CCF. If Douglas can manage to keep some of his more eccentric past actions under wraps- particularly his Master's thesis- both his future, and the future of Canada, may become brighter.

Initially studying to become a Baptist minister, Douglas instead entered politics in when elected to the House of Commons in 1935. He quickly rose in the ranks of the party, becoming premier of Saskatchewan, and later leader of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF). His progressive stances, particularly his support for universal healthcare, has seen him rise in prominence in Canada, his popularity with the people making him a formidable rival to the Liberals and Tories.

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• The Ace: Douglas is extremely charismatic, quickly becoming one of the most popular politicians in Canada and turning the once-small CCF into a viable opponent to the Liberal establishment
• The Atoner: Having witnessed the Nazi Eugenics program during a visit to the Reich in 1936, Douglas has abandoned his previous support of the practice, and is haunted by his previous advocacy of it.
• But Not Too Foreign: Douglas was born in Scotland in 1904 and moved to Canada with his family in 1910, settling in Winnipeg.
• Dark Secret: In 1930, Douglas obtained his master's degree by writing a thesis which endorsed eugenics. ^note He abandoned his support of the practice following an official visit to Nazi Germany in 1936, and seeing their eugenics program in action. He even blocked legislation to adopt eugenics in Saskatchewan during his tenure as premier. Nevertheless, he managed to become a beloved figure in Canadian politics, but must still strive to at least partially keep his eccentric past, particularly this thesis, under wraps.
• Good Shepherd: When studying theology in the Baptist Brandon College, Douglas subscribed to the Social Gospel Movement, which taught that Christianity was as concerned with social justice as it was with salvation. This led him to pursue a political career and advocate for numerous social programs, particularly universal health care.
• Preacher Man: Douglas was initially studying to become a Baptist minister. He instead entered politics and has used the skills he learned in college in his speeches and when speaking in parliament.
• Understatement: His biography mentions that he wrote an "interesting" thesis paper during his college education, which is a rather indirect way of saying that he wrote an essay endorsing eugenics.

Réal Caouette

Role: Prime Minister (1967 election)

Party: Social Credit Party of Canada^note Parti Crédit social du Canada

Ideology: Social Credit^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}David Réal Caouette is a car salesman by profession and a demagogue by vocation. As a champion of Major C.H. Douglas's Social Credit programme, he became a provincial celebrity when he took to the airwaves calling for a monthly dividend, the defense of traditional social values, and greater Francophone representation in Ottawa. He formed the Francophone wing of the Social Credit Party of Canada in 1957 and, buoyed by funding and legitimacy from the national party, he expanded his outreach across the nation. Despite being a hardline federalist, Caouette successfully tapped into growing nationalist sentiment and promoted a populist message that resonated with a province still struggling with the impact of the Great Depression.

In the 1961 elections, Caouette's hard work finally paid off. The Western Socreds lost considerable ground to the Tories but the party won a record-breaking 31 seats in Quebec. This victory cemented Caouette's authority and he easily won the party's leadership election. Now, in the wake of the previous government's failure to patriate the constitution, Caouette has formed the first Social Credit government in Canadian history.

But heavy is the head that wears the crown. The party's old guard, led by Alberta Premier Ernest Manning, view Caouette as a dangerous radical obsessed with the minutiae of an economic theory they've long since discarded. Canada's progressives see him as a vitriolic reactionary who wants to claw Canadian society back to the Middle Ages. Bay Street fears that creditism will cause a financial crisis, while Caouette has unnerved the OFN with his receptiveness to German and Japanese diplomacy. Caouette is also no mastermind of party politics and prefers tomato juice and processed cheese squares at a rally in Abitibi to wine and camembert at a state dinner in Ottawa. Retaining the loyalty of his own ministers may prove more challenging than keeping the loyalty of his voters. But if Caouette somehow succeeds at remaking Canada in his image and realizing Major Douglas' vision, then Canada will never be the same again.

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• The Alliance: Were it not for the Social Credit party winning a majority of seats, the Liberals, Conservatives, and even the CCF would’ve worked together to keep them out of power.
• Dark Horse Victory: To the shock of many Canadians, the Social Credit party can not only just win the most seats, but also a commanding majority of seats in the house of commons.
• Even Evil Has Loved Ones: In his teased election event, Réal loves and praises his son Gilles for his political successes and the feeling is mutual.
• Politically Incorrect Villain: Caouette is known for his anti-semitism and inflammatory statements. He has openly praised the economic policies of Mussolini and Hitler and has called them his political heroes.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: The Social Credit Party is divided between the Québécois and Albertan wings of the party. The Québécois wing strongly believes in C.H. Douglas’s economic theories and is more antisemitic. The Albertan branch of the party is more pragmatic in their politics, caring less about the specifics of Douglas’s economic ideas, and is more religious than their Québécois counterparts. If elected, Caouette will have to whip the Albertan Socreds into supporting his policies, and rivals such as Pearson can exploit these divisions for political gain.
• Windmill Crusader: Caouette thinks that all of his country's problems can be pinned on a Zionist and Masonic conspiracy to line their pockets with stolen money from the average Canadian. It's an odd and anti-semitic theory, but many believe in his convictions and support his crusade to fight against them by targeting the Bank of Canada, a supposedly major front for this conspiracy.

United Mexican States

Official Name: United Mexican States

Ruling Party: Partido Revolucionario Institucional^note Institutional Revolutionary Party

Ideology: Institutional Despotism^note Despotism

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• Always Second Best: Behind the PRI, the second most powerful political party in Mexico is the Party of of National Action (PAN). They have an appeal to the middle class, but they have not supplanted the PRI in decades, since the political system is structured to advantage the latter. The PAN regularly condemns the anti-democratic and corrupt measures of the PRI, but so far, they have failed to loosen their grip on the country.
• Banana Republic: Mexico's official name would imply it's The Federation, but it's truthfully a one-party state dominated by the PRI. Any other legal candidate running in an election is a dummy set up by the PRI to keep up the illusion of being democratic.
• Crapsaccharine World: From an technical standpoint, Mexico is a flourishing country that has enjoyed an unparalleled economic growth from its population boom, increasing middle class, and improvements in quality of life. Despite its prosperity, Mexico is not the democratic country that it claims to be, as the Partido Revolucionario Institucional effectively runs it like a corrupt one-party state and must keep the illusion of freedom to stay in power. However, cracks in the image begin to reveal themselves after the Yasuda Crisis in Japan fires and incites minor economic and political upheaval in Mexico by forcing layoffs and bankruptcies, which is nicknamed the Kabuki Effect. Upon this, the citizens finally rise up in protest and each potential successor for the PRI have to manage a balancing act of appeasing the workers, peasantry, Federal Security Directorate, intelligentsia, industrialists, and party officials to win the presidency.
• Corrupt Politician: One of the biggest problems facing Mexico is corruption, as federal land lords often abuse the ejido system of collective agriculture and sacrifice the bureacracy's efficiency in favor of earning promotions for themselves. For their part, the citizens are growing tired of this corruption and calls for reform have been rising.
• Hollywood Atheist: The PRI enforces a policy of strict atheism, a fact that is decried by the Christian Humanists in the PAN party.
• A House Divided: While the PRI is the dominant party in Mexico, they are having problems maintaining a consensus concerning certain issues, such as foreign policy, ever since new factions started appearing. This has made the government slower and more ineffective.
• Regime Change: Mexico is one of the Caribbean Legion's backers in the Puerto Plata invasion and attempt to overthrow Trujillo in the Dominican Republic.
• Succession Crisis: As President López Mateos' term comes to an end, many backroom deals are being made as the three potential successors jockey for influence, while foreign actors also put their thumb on the scales for their preferred candidates.
• Team Switzerland: Under President López Mateos, Mexico has continued following the Estrada Doctrine of non-interference in foreign nations and diplomatic neutrality on the basis of upholding self-determination globally. As such, a policy of strict neutrality between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan is followed and, depending on who succeeds him, Mexico might continue its geopolitical neutrality, move closer towards the OFN, or drift towards the Sphere.

Adolfo López Mateos

Role: President of Mexico^note Head of State

Party: Partido Revolucionario Institucional^note Institutional Revolutionary Party: The PRI is heir to the triumphs and tragedies of the Mexican Revolution. Beholden to its promises of land reform and workers' rights, the party has devoted more effort into preventing its chaos and bloodshed yet again. Whether through Cárdenas's corporatist framework or national development, the PRI aims to ensure social peace and continued success for its vast electoral machine. All powerful, yet rigidly centralized, this Leviathan's course is to be set by the President's will.

Ideology: Institutional Despotism^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Adolfo López Mateos was either the child of a dentist and teacher in Mexico City or a bastard from Guatemala who faked his Mexican heritage to fulfill his political ambitions. The story is under dispute, with the later theory having special prominence amongst his detractors. However, the documents he provided in the only official inquest into this in 1946 evidentially was enough for him to be placed above suspicion. This minor speed bump did not stop his ascent from secretary to the State of Mexico's governor, to it's senator and president of the PRI, the main Mexican ruling party. From there, it was a mere matter of friendship and dutiful service to President Ruiz Cortines to place him as his successor, which guaranteed him an easy election not atypical for the PRI.

López Mateos' term was marked with a continuation of the economic success and stability of previous presidents overall. Land reform, the building of museums, expansion of healthcare and education, and the nationalization of the electrical industry were all major successes. And he was also able to keep Mexico in it's position between the Sphere and the OFN, which ended up serving Mexico well, and may even end up being recognized as the critical factor that prevented conflict between the two nations.

However, not all has been well. Relations with the PRI's Union support base have soured. And student groups collide with the government. Some are concerned the PRI is blindly running away from the policies that have been successful for Mexico. And now, Adolfo López Mateos must take all of this into account, in order to make his most critical decision: who will succeed him in the Presidency of Mexico?

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• Choosing Neutrality: López Mateos thinks that Mexico is above war and foreign intervention, refusing to align with either the United States or Japan.
• Internal Reformist: López Mateos' presidency was marked by various changes such as land reform, expansions of education and healthcare, and the nationalization of the electrical industry. Whether or not he will be able to achieve these reforms in the face of institutionalized opposition is another question and an uphill battle Madrazo will have to face.
• Multiple-Choice Past: His past is shrouded in mystery, with López Mateos either being born in Mexico City or a bastard from Guatemala who masquerades as a Mexican to further his political career. Obviously, the latter story is popular among his critics.
• We Hardly Knew Ye: With the upcoming 1964 election, López Mateos' term is almost up and ready to pass on the presidency to another PRI politician.

Tropes pertaining to upcoming content

• Black Comedy: When his wife questions his dependence on painkillers during the teased doctor strikes, López Mateos quips "I can't very well see a doctor about it now, can I?"
• Choosing Neutrality: In "The Great Human President" teaser, the most he'll do for either the United States or Japan is make a speech affirming Mexico's neutrality and slightly mend relations between both sides.
• Functional Addict: While the President of Mexico, López Mateos is highly dependent on painkillers for headaches, as seen in the Doctor Strike teaser.
• Pet the Dog: In "The Great Human President" teaser, López Mateos feels pride in his effort to modernize the education system, particularly with the National Commission of Free Textbooks. He goes out of his way to visit a newly renovated school in Guanajuato, traversing the steep streets before taking a tour. Seeing kids with new textbooks on the Mexican Revolution pleases him, as he grew up with a much worse education in Mexico City.
• Villain with Good Publicity: Despite presiding over a dictatorial, dominant-party state, López Mateos is widely praised for his role in modernizing Mexico. "The Great Human President" teaser shows that he is most praised for modernizing the education system, an example of which was the opening of the Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia in Michoacán where the governor thanks López Mateos for offering the next generation a chance to fulfil their dreams to a jubilant crowd of thousands of students.

Raúl Salinas Lozano

Role: Economy Minister (López Mateos cabinet), President of Mexico^note Head of State (1964 election)

Party: Partido Revolucionario Institucional^note Institutional Revolutionary Party: The PRI is heir to the triumphs and tragedies of the Mexican Revolution. Beholden to its promises of land reform and workers' rights, the party has devoted more effort into preventing its chaos and bloodshed yet again. Whether through Cárdenas's corporatist framework or national development, the PRI aims to ensure social peace and continued success for its vast electoral machine. All powerful, yet rigidly centralized, this Leviathan's course is to be set by the President's will.

Ideology: Institutional Despotism^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}As the old Mexican saying goes, "change always begins in the north."

Born on a middle class ranch in Nuevo Leon, Raul Salinas Lozano's rise didn't come from military might or political patronage. Rather, it was through his hard work and skill at economics. Thus he quickly raised through the then-PRM, from militant in 1940 to director at the Secretariat of Hacienda in 1948, then Secretariat of the Presidency in 1954, and Secretary in his own right in 1958. And now, he sits in Los Pinos with his beloved family just a few short years after his remarkable rise began.

And his backstop isn't the only thing radical about him. Because out of the economic ministries comes a new doctrine - that of Technocracy. The Revolution is in danger, not because of political machinations, but because it is not advancing fast enough. With new Sphere-style economic management, Lozano and his compatriots promise a new era of massive economic growth and modernization. But it will have a price Mexico may not be able to pay...

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• The Ace: When it comes to economics, Lozano has had an impressively long and successful career. To list his most famous accomplishments, he founded the National Institute of Public Administration, headed Economic Studies in the Ministry of Finance, and rose to become López Mateos' economic minister.
• Enemy Mine: Lozano wants to cooperate with Japan to displace the American influence in the Mexican economy. This puts Lozano into conflicts with those who either want to remain closer to the OFN or, at least, remain on cordiale terms.
• Internal Reformist: Lozano is a major advocate of economic reforms to drive Mexico towards being more technocratic, inspired by the economies of the CPS, and with a massive drive against corruption within the PRI in order to save the revolution.

Tropes pertaining to upcoming content

• The Ace: The "El Tapado" teaser elaborates on how skilled Lozano is. As economic minister, he fostered greater connections with Japan's political and business establishment, bringing Japanese firms into Mexico and encouraging Mexican companies to export to the CPS. This lowered Mexico's trade deficit, supported continued economic growth, and reduced their dependence on the United States. As a bonus, these policies funded López Mateos' education and welfare, making Lozano a likely successor.
• Realpolitik: Unlike López Mateos in the "El Tapado" teaser, Lozano is more willing to open up fishing waters to the Japanese. Even though it represents a threat to the people living in the coastline and could incite outrage from America, Lozano argues that the cooperation can be key to providing higher and more stable incomes to the Pacific territories, facilitating their industrial projects. Still, López Mateos is unconvinced and may only consider the proposal when Lozano offers to implement a quota and movement restrictions.
• Rousing Speech: Subverted. In "The Great Human" teaser, Lozano attempts to rally the audience at his inauguration with a pledge to reform the economy, speed up industrialization, and crack down on corruption to build a modern Mexico, proclaiming it to be the uncomfortable new course worth taking. Unfortunately for Lozano, the crowd is unreceptive and the PRI officials look on worriedly about his anti-corruption pledges.

Gustavo Díaz Ordaz

Role: Head of Government (López Mateos cabinet), President of Mexico^note Head of State (1964 election)

Party: Partido Revolucionario Institucional^note Institutional Revolutionary Party: The PRI is heir to the triumphs and tragedies of the Mexican Revolution. Beholden to its promises of land reform and workers' rights, the party has devoted more effort into preventing its chaos and bloodshed yet again. Whether through Cárdenas's corporatist framework or national development, the PRI aims to ensure social peace and continued success for its vast electoral machine. All powerful, yet rigidly centralized, this Leviathan's course is to be set by the President's will.

Ideology: Institutional Despotism^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}All things considered, Gustavo Diaz Ordaz was just what the party wanted. The young man rising up through the law profession caught the notice of the Governor of Puebla, and thus benefitted from a string of appointments to successively higher levels. Though political patronage and connections are the rule of the PRI, Ordaz had the abilozanolity to excel in the roles he was given. There's no denying that when the Ruiz Cortines Interior Ministry was plagued by paralysis due to political infighting, Senior Officer Diaz Ordaz stepped up. When his friend Lopez Mateos named him Interior Secretary, Ordaz skillfully handled much of the work needed, becoming the indispensable force behind the throne. He could make mistakes, but he could never be anyone but the one to the party. And thus he became President.

Diaz Ordaz has something for everyone in the party. No-nonsense law enforcement for the right.Reasonably pro-OFN policies for business and the Americans. Moderate economic and social reforms that delight the left. Yes, it's no wonder what they see in him. To the PRI, Diaz Ordaz is the perfect President for the 1960s.

But Mexico isn't the PRI. And time always changes...

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• Dragon Ascendant: Ordaz is López Mateos' Secretary of the Interior, the Head of Government, and is one of the three possible successors to López Mateos.
• Good Old Ways: Ordaz is a man who still holds to the status quo and is unwilling to enact reforms to change that, no matter how many people protest.
• Odd Friendship: Díaz Ordaz and López Mateos are very close friends despite being polar opposites.
• Rags to Riches: Born into poverty and rejected by his own mother for his ugly appearance, Ordaz rose from his unprivileged beginnings to become an esteemed politician and potentially its President.
• Well-Intentioned Extremist: He dreams of a strong and prosperous Mexico, and if it means resorting to violence to suppress civilian protests, then so be it.

Tropes pertaining to upcoming content

• Appeal to Tradition: During Ordaz's inauguration speech in "The Great Human President" teaser, he pledges to uphold the constitution and continue the status quo, which he deems better for the Mexican people than the suppossed radicalness and lawlessness he's fighting against.
• Beneath the Mask: In "The Great Human President" teaser, Ordaz doubts and worries about his plans for Mexico and these concerns arise when the crowd gathered at his inauguration are unenthused by his speech, proclaiming to continue the status quo. He buries these thoughts and thinks that they can doubt him if they want, vowing to prove himself worthy.
• Old Friend: As mentioned in the "El Tapado" teaser, Ordaz has been a long-time friend of López Mateos from early in their political careers. Ordaz served as López Mateos' Secretary of the Interior and is considered a potential successor, despite their friendship recently taking a dive.
• Pragmatic Villainy: In "The Great Human President" teaser, Ordaz plans to implement moderate economic and social reforms to placate the left of the party.
• The Reliable One: According to his teased biography, Ordaz became indispensable to López Mateos' cabinet due to him handling much of the work on hand. While working his way up the PRI and Interior Ministry, he rose in importance due to stopping the Interior Ministries political infighting during the reign of Ruiz Cortines.
• We Used to Be Friends: Downplayed in the "El Tapado". López Mateos still considers him a friend, but Ordaz has fallen out of favor to succeed him when he expressed an aggressively pro-OFN sentiment during the Hawaiian Missile Crisis.
• Zero-Approval Gambit: Zig-Zagged. From his teased biography, his strict law enforcement policies, pro-OFN policies, and moderate economic and social reforms make him appealing to the PRI. However, the people just see him as a neoimperialist dictator, though Ordaz doesn't care and is willing to take that risk if he can prove himself better than López Mateos.

Carlos Alberto Madrazo

Role: President of Mexico^note Head of State (1964 election)

Party: Partido Revolucionario Institucional^note Institutional Revolutionary Party: The PRI is heir to the triumphs and tragedies of the Mexican Revolution. Beholden to its promises of land reform and workers' rights, the party has devoted more effort into preventing its chaos and bloodshed yet again. Whether through Cárdenas's corporatist framework or national development, the PRI aims to ensure social peace and continued success for its vast electoral machine. All powerful, yet rigidly centralized, this Leviathan's course is to be set by the President's will.

Ideology: Institutional Despotism^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}From a distance, Carlos Madrazo is the perfect leader of the PRI and thus the leader of Mexico. Anyone can appreciate a man who challenged his childhood poverty with hard work and determination. And such a long history of activism within the party would give him the respect of those in it. But his oratory skills have caught the attention of the nation ever since secondary school, and have enraptured the youth and workers. Madrazo has already leveraged these advantages to become governor of his Southeastern home state of Tabasco, where his roadways, schools, hospitals, and improved dairy and cacao industries have transformed the land. Most importantly, his vision of a Mexico no longer tied to the slave drivers of the Sphere or the neoimperialists of the OFN has aligned with that of former president López's. With a continuance of economic policy, and his broad electoral support, Madrazo was the obvious pick to become the next leader of Mexico, and to reinvigorate the PRI.

But Madrazo is not a simple continuance. And that is what alarms many in his own party.

Madrazo is not here to simply be a fresh face for the decaying carcass that is the PRI. He has vowed to remove the corrupt party officials and radically reform the organization. This has united a broad swath of businessmen and party members against him. With no shortage of enemies and few allies, Madrazo's presidency must go through the strongest, oldest structure in Mexico. However, that structure now must withstand the so-called "Southeast Cyclone" that has come to Mexico City.

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• The Friend Nobody Likes: Due to speaking out against the corruption of the PRI, Madrazo is disliked by his own party, who form a coalition with disgruntled businessmen to halt his reforms.
• Internal Reformist: Madrazo is a firm reformist, with a commitment to anti-corruption and tackling the socio-economic problems in the nation.
• Red Baron: Madrazo is nicknamed the "Cyclone from the Southeast", representing the change he will bring to Mexico.
• Self-Made Man: Madrazo grew up in poverty and a long history of activism, with his oratory skills propelling him into politics, becoming governor of Tabasco and transforming the local industry and infrastructure. He can potentially reach the heights of becoming president of Mexico, if he wins the succession battle after López Mateos.
• Team Switzerland: Madrazo is committed to neutrality, pursuing protectionist agendas against both the USA and Japan.

Tropes pertaining to upcoming content

• The Determinator: Madrazo has spent his life working through politics to implement reforms that would benefit the common person and is determined to continue anti-corruption efforts and socio-economic reforms. In his election event from "The Great Human President" teaser, he promises fundamental reforms in his inauguration speech, even if he will face opposition from the orthodox members of the PRI.
• Villain with Good Publicity: Madrazo is reputed as a skilled orator, capturing the praise of the youth and workers. His inauguration speech in "The Great Human President" teaser is the only one to be well received by the crowd watching, who cheer on his pledges to tackle Mexico's socio-economic issues.

"Crossroads of Liberty"

Upcoming content coming with Mexico in the "Crossroads of Liberty" update.

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• Attack Backfire: When bonuses are halted and outrage sweeps through the Hospital 20 de Noviembre in the Doctor Strike teaser, 210 doctors and interns send a letter to the director, proclaiming a strike of all fields except emergency medicine and demanding better treatment in accordance with the tenets of the Institutional Revolution. When the director nervously presents the letter to the hospital board, all 210 are immediately fired. However, this only turns them into martyrs and prompts 206 other doctors and interns to form a union called AMMRI. After they too are fired, doctors across the country follow suit with mass walkouts and the public learning of the horrible working conditions in hospitals.
• Confessional: In the Puerto Plata expansion teaser, Salvador Estrella Sadhalá expresses doubts about his worthiness speaking to Monsignor Zanini, where he asks for forgiveness in his plan to assassinate Trujillo. This comes off the back of confessions of minor sins to Father Fortín, before confiding in his plan which prompted Fortín to send Salvador to meet Zanini.
• Defiant to the End: In "The Great Human President" teaser, the Jaramillos don't show any fear before they are murdered in cold-blood. Kidnapped by a unit of the Federal Judicial Police in the city of Tialquitenango, the Jaramillo family are blindfolded and driven out to the Xochicalco ruins for execution. Knowing that their fate is sealed, they attempt to lunge at the guards, so they are beaten unconscious and subsequently shot.
• Good Shepherd: Monsignor Zanini is the Pope's representative in the Dominican Republic, as the nuncio in charge of the nunciature. In the Puerto Plata expansion teaser, he lets Salvador Estrella Sahalá confide in his plans to assassinate Trujillo and attempts to ease the moral burden of such a plan.
• Inciting Incident: Working conditions in the Hospital 20 de Noviembre and other Mexican medical facilities are very poor, as shown in the Doctor Strike teaser. Supplies frequently go missing due to scavenging and scrapping, replacement materials taking weeks to arrive, cleanliness is non-existent, and rest or vacations are virtually unheard of. So, when the hospital director delivers news from the Ministry of Health that staff will not be receiving their regular pay bonuses, the outrage spirals into nationwide doctor strikes.
• Inspirational Martyr: Just like in OTL, Zapatista opposition figure Rubén Jaramillo and most of his family were kidnapped and murdered in the Xochicalco ruins, deemed a loose end by López Mateos for his support of Zapatismo and refusal to stay silent since he was given amnesty in 1958. However, his surviving daughter shared what had happened, sparking outrage from all of Mexico's opposition groups and turning his name into a rallying cry for the working class in "The Great Human President" teaser.
• Let No Crisis Go to Waste: While the country is dragged into economic and political upheaval in the Kabuki Effect from "The Great Human President" teaser, López Mateos' successors use the situation to get ahead and secure a nomination for the presidency.
• Meet the New Boss: Subverted in the "El Tapado" teaser. Much as López Mateos would like to find a successor with the same beliefs as him, the PRI's left-wing has been destroyed and rendered it impossible to do so.
• Shouting Free-for-All: When the Cardenistas of the PRI organize a conference in Michoacán, Cárdenas himself doesn't show up and instead attends a rally in the "El Tapado" teaser. The mass confusion at the conference soon descends into chaotic shouting. Madrazo tries to rein them in and rhetorically ask if this is what Cárdenas would want, but this fails and Madrazo storms out asking himself the same question.
• Snooty Haute Cuisine: Subverted in the "El Tapado teaser. When López Mateos meets Corpus Christi to make a petroleum deal, he's surprised to see that the meeting catered Whataburger, but López Mateos doesn't mind. If anything, he wolfs the burger and fries down.
• Succession Crisis: As President López Mateos' term comes to an end in the "El Tapado" teaser, many backroom deals are made as the three potential successors jockey for influence within the PRI, backed by foreign actors putting their thumb on the scales for their preferred candidate. In the 40's and early 50's, the successor used to be chosen by genuine intra-party discussions, but the recent schisms means that the successor is now solely chosen by the current President. The speculation of who could be the successor is represented with a political caricature titled "El Tapado", a hooded illusive figure. In-game, the decision-making behind to identify the figure is represented through the president's notebook, where traits are written down as foreign diplomacy and the national focus tree progresses. At the end, whichever candidate has the greatest opinion will secure the position.
• Took a Level in Cynic: A teased event from "The Great Human President" teaser takes place from a factory worker, who already feels jaded by the existing status-quo, toiling away on a production line and suspecting that a doctor strike was orchestrated by shadowy power players. News of Ordaz's nomination to the presidency and confirmation through a sham election further his cynicism, seeing little hope in the future of Mexico with a corrupt dictator in power. This culminates in a Screw This, I'm Outta Here moment as he realizes that there is no future in Mexico for the rural and urban populations and vows to immigrate to America.
• Torture Always Works: In "The Great Human President" teaser, multiple armed and masked men kidnap a man and bring him into the woods, demanding he tell them who he works for. While the man is defiant in response to the beatings, he immediately backs down once he is threatened with a hammer, informing them he is paid by local landowners and others. The masked men accept this but still break his knees, claiming that they only promised they "might" let him live.
• Training Montage: In the Puerto Plata expansion teaser, the conspirators plotting to assassinate Trujillo engage in an extensive training program. Armed to the teeth, they time repeated drives around a parking lot in a modified Chevrolet Biscayne, with the hopes of getting faster and more accurate with their shooting.

Greenland

Official Name: Greenland

Ruling Party: Siumut^note Forward

Ideology: Democratic Socialism^note Progressivism

A former Danish Realm territory. Occupied by the United States during WWII, it entered the Cold War as a de facto US territory. Changing geopolitical circumstances in the North Atlantic can lead to the US granting Greenland its independence.

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• Beyond the Impossible: The idea of an independent Greenland was virtually unthinkable a decade ago, yet it somehow comes to reality, if Iceland turns against the OFN.
• Nature Is Not Nice: Being so near the North Pole, harsh winters are a part of daily life in Greenland, reducing their living standards and only mitigated by foreign funds.
• Puppet State: Though independent, Greenland is still flooded with OFN funds and personnel, who are desperate to maintain control of the Thule Base and the North Atlantic.

Jonathan Motzfeldt

Role: Head of State

Party: Siumut^note Forward

Ideology: Democratic Socialism^note Progressivism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}They call him the Father of Greenland, among other epithets. But no grandiloquent designation of 'pater patriae' is needed to make clear that the young Reverend Jonathan Motzfeldt is a man with a rich background.

Far in the north, while wars raged and the old order fell apart, Motzfeldt finished his education at the teachers' school in Ilinniarfissuaq. Then he went south to Canada, to study theology and receive pastoral ordination—and there he saw not merely the Word of God but something more worldly: the political world that Greenland sorely lacked.

Working with Moses Olsen and Lars Emil-Johansen, the Siumut party successfully promoted home rule for Greenland—a pipe-dream a mere decade ago. The first elections brought victory for the Siumut, and the promise of a humane democratic socialism with greater autonomy for Greenland and increased US support for the arctic island.

There may be difficulties, and Motzfeldt must take heed to his own big personality lest he sideline other vital figures in Siumut—but as it stands, Greenland is free, and shall remain so, no matter what others might have to say about it.

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• Founder of the Kingdom: He is widely acknowledged as the Father of Greenland, having advocated its independence a decade before it was officially attained.

Central America

Guatemala

Official Name: Republic of Guatemala

Ruling Party: Unión de la Revolución Guatemalteca (Partido de la Revolución Guatemalteca)^note Union of the Guatemalan Revolution (Party of the Guatemalan Revolution)

Ideology: Social Democracy^note Progressivism

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• Arch-Enemy: Guatemala is British Honduras' top rival in Central America, constantly aggravating and threatening to invade them.

Luis Cardoza y Aragón

Role: Head of State

Party: Unión de la Revolución Guatemalteca (Partido de la Revolución Guatemalteca)^note Union of the Guatemalan Revolution (Party of the Guatemalan Revolution)

Ideology: Social Democracy^note Progressivism

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• We Hardly Knew Ye: Luis Cardoza y Aragón will only stay in power for a very short while before he is couped by Fuentes and the National Front.

Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes

Role: Head of State (1962 coup)

Party: Frente Nacional (Partido Reconciliacion Democratica Nacional)^note National Front (National Democratic Reconciliation Party)

Ideology: National Conservatism^note Paternalism

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• The Coup: In 1962, Fuentes will seize power in a coup, deposing Luis Cardoza y Aragón.

British Honduras

^{Flag of Belize}

Official Name: The Crown Colony of British Honduras, Belize (Decolonization)

Ruling Party: People's United Party

Ideology: Christian Progressivism^note Progressivism

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• The Alliance: At the start of the game, British Honduras is a member of the American-led Organization of Free Nations.
• Luck-Based Mission: Whether or not Goldson wins the first election, allowing the OFN to have closer ties with Belize, is dependent on Free Britain winning the British Civil War, something that is out of the hands of America.
• Magnum Opus: After Belize City was destroyed by Hurricane Hattie in 1961, the government will spend years and millions of dollars to create a new capital named Belmopan. Belmopan is located far from the sea, features better precautions for natural disasters, and has a beautiful architectural design. When completed, it will be hailed as one of Belize's greatest accomplishments and the government hopes that its citizens can have a new start there.
• Meaningful Name: British Honduras' new capital is Belmopan, a portmanteau of Belize and the Mopan river, which runs into the country.
• Nature Is Not Nice: Hurricane Hattie left Belize City in ruins, crippling Belize and its economy and making many consider moving their capital elsewhere.
• Protectorate: British Honduras has no standing army of its own, so it is completely reliant on the OFN's protection against would-be invaders, especially against Guatemala.
• The Remnant: Though most of the British Empire fell into disarray after World War II, Belize still swears fealty to Queen Elizabeth II in Canada and uses the Union Jack on their flag. However many Belizeans are sick of the arrangement and want to shed their legacy as a British colony. If the OFN offers minimal funding to build Belmopan, they will go through with it.

George Cadle Price

Role: Head of State, Economy Minister (Price cabinet)

Party: People's United Party

Ideology: Christian Progressivism^note Progressivism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}As one head falls, two more take its place. That lesson agonisingly carves itself into the raw face of George Cadie Price's nation. Many in Belize hoped that the fall of the British Empire to the unflinching iron storm of Hitler's Blitzkrieg would herald the final emancipation of its inhabitants from the master's whip of Imperialism - an illusion ended by the animalistic jerking of a putrefying corpse. Canada, fat with refugees fleeing the chaos of Europe, has decided to force itself upon Belize where it claims to administer in the name of the Queen.

Perhaps the greatest insult is their strict adherence to God - claiming that their Monarch is divinely ordained, as opposed to the false prophets in blasphemous courts. They demand Belize look them in the eye and swear that this century-long torture is sacrosanct. They enslave Belize and call it justified. They believe that Belize is better off in chains. Would He allow Ramses to crush the Jews if they were "better off"?

No. Belize must, can and should carve its destiny, not burdened by its past but hopeful for its future. Under Price, Independence will not be easy, fulfilling or peaceful. But it will be honest. To a nation lied to for its entire life, what is more precious than truth?

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• Real Men Love Jesus: Price is a devout Christian that fights for Belize to throw off the chains of a decaying monarchy.

Philip Goldson

Role: Head of State (1965 election), Economy Minister (Goldson cabinet)

Party: National Independence Party

Ideology: Big Tent^note Liberal Conservatism, National Liberalism^note Liberalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}The people of Belize are beginning to see the light of independence at the end of a dark tunnel of British-Canadian subjugation and Guatemalan intimidation, and the people of Belize have chosen Philip Goldson to guide them towards it, wielding the torch of liberalism, cautiously guiding them so as to not squander their only chance at escape.

Born in Belize city in 1923, Goldson has spent his whole life advocating for independence and the plight of those around him, working as an editor for nationalist newspapers like the Belize Billboard and as the National Organizer for The General Workers Union. Though what separates him and his National Independence Party from those that have come before him is a vision for an international, independent Belize – one that works with the other free democracies of the world hand-in-hand in the fight against tyranny, and against an aggressive Guatemala to the west that threatens to snuff out the flame of it’s freedom at first light.

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• The Idealist: Compared to Price, Goldson is far more optimistic for Belize's independence, having a vision for an international, independent Belize that works with the other free democracies of the world hand-in-hand in the fight against tyranny.

Honduras

Official Name: Republic of Honduras

Ruling Party: Partido Nacional Reformista^note National Reformist Party

Ideology: Right-Wing Populism^note Paternalism

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Abraham Williams Calderón

Role: Head of State

Party: Partido Nacional Reformista^note National Reformist Party

Ideology: Right-Wing Populism^note Paternalism

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• Historical Badass Upgrade: In OTL, Abraham Williams tried to run for President, but lost and remained in the National Congress. Here, he 's succeeded, which could have major ramifications in the 1966 election.

Ramón Villeda Morales

Role: Head of State (1966 election)

Party: Partido Liberal de Honduras^note Honduras Liberal Party

Ideology: Progressive Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• The Medic: In addition to being a politician, Villeda Morales is also a licensed doctor and surgeon.

Ramón Ernesto Cruz Uclés

Role: Head of State (1966 election)

Party: Partido Nacional de Honduras^note National Party of Honduras

Ideology: Paternalistic Conservatism^note Conservatism

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• Historical Badass Upgrade: In OTL, Cruz won his presidency on a bare plurality (49.3%). If he gets elected in this timeline, he wins by a comfortable margin.

Oswaldo López Arellano

^{Military Outfit}

Role: Head of State (Military coup)

Party: Fuerzas Armadas de Honduras^note Armed Forces of Honduras

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

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• Military Coup: López can interrupt the 1966 elections in a coup and install a military junta in its place.

Modesto Rodas Alvarado

Role: Head of State (1971 election)

Party: Partido Liberal de Honduras - Movimiento Liberal Rodista^note Honduras Liberal Party - Rodista Liberal Movement

Ideology: Left-Wing Populism^note Progressivism

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• Fan Community Nicknames: An in-universe case, where he calls his supporters "Rodistas".

El Salvador

Official Name: Republic of El Salvador

Party: Partido Revolucionario de Unificación Democrática^note Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification

Ideology: Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism

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• Bilingual Bonus: El Salvador's flag has text that translates to "Republic of El Salvador in Central America", "God Union Liberty", and "September 15, 1821". This communicates what country they are, their Catholic values, and their date of origin.
• Your Days Are Numbered: The ruling political party in 1962, PRUD, is ultimately doomed to collapse and most already know its decline is reaching a breaking point.

José María Lemus

Role: Head of State

Party: Partido Revolucionario de Unificación Democrática^note Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification

Ideology: Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism

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• We Hardly Knew Ye: In 1962, Lemus is ready to step down from the presidency, passing the reins to Rosales.

Rubén Alonso Rosales

^{Rosales (Military Uniform)}

Role: Head of State (1962 election)

Party: Partido Revolucionario de Unificación Democrática^note Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification

Ideology: Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism

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• End of an Age: Regardless of what happens, Rosales will be the last President ever nominated by PRUD because it's been so corrupted, it can't possibly mobilize another candidate for the 1968 elections.
• Reconcile the Bitter Foes: His political party, PRUD, is completely factionalized and must do everything he can to keep them united, lest the military overthrow him.

José Napoleón Duarte

Role: Head of State (1968 election)

Party: Unión Nacional Opositora^note National Opposition Union, Partido Demócrata Cristiano^note Christian Democratic Party (1968 election)

Ideology: Christian Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• Landslide Election: Following PRUD's collapse, Duarte wins the 1968 election by a landslide, owing to his popularity as Mayor of San Salvador.
• Realpolitik: Though skeptical of the OFN, Duarte will realign El Salvador to them because he is even more suspicious of the Sphere.

Rodolfo Cordón Cea

Role: Head of State (Military coup)

Party: Partido de Conciliación Nacional^note National Conciliation Party

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism

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• Short-Lived Leadership: After the military overthrows Rosales, they install Cordón as provisional president, only meant to set up the 1968 election so that Rivera can get elected.

Julio Adalberto Rivera

^{Rivera (Military Uniform)}

Role: Head of State (Cordón succession)

Party: Partido de Conciliación Nacional^note National Conciliation Party

Ideology: Aristocratic Conservatism^note Despotism

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• President for Life: After being "elected" in 1968 after the military coup, Rivera organizes death squads to crush dissidence and cement his power, with the aid of the OFN in exchange for a realignment with them.
• Short-Lived Leadership: Rivera doesn't enjoy wielding his dictatorial power for long, as poor health and unpopularity leads to his resignation.

Salvador Cayetano Carpio

Role: Head of State (Communist revolt)

Party: Junta Revolucionaria de Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí y Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo^note  Revolutionary Junta of the Farabundo Martí People’s Liberation Forces and People's Revolutionary Army

Ideology: National Communism^note Communism

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• Chummy Commies: After years of the general populace being mistrated, Carpio can lead a communist revolution in San Salvador, after the economic downturn of the Oil Crisis proves to be the last straw.

Fidel Sánchez Hernández

Role: Head of State (Rivera succession)

Party: Partido de Conciliación Nacional^note National Conciliation Party

Ideology: Aristocratic Conservatism^note Despotism

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• Meet the New Boss: Hernández is a pro-Riverist and represents a continuation of the dictator's legacy after his downfall.

Carlos Humberto Romero

Role: Head of State (Rivera succession)

Party: Partido de Conciliación Nacional^note National Conciliation Party

Ideology: Aristocratic Conservatism^note Despotism

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• The Coup: Unwilling to accept Hernández as their leader, the National Guard and ORDEN can initiate a coup against him and install Romero as the face of their new regime.

José Alberto Medrano

Role: Military Commander

Party: Organización Democrática Nacionalista^note Nationalist Democratic Organization

Ideology: Stratocracy^note Ultranationalism

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• Hypercompetent Sidekick: He and the ORDEN are instrumental in Romero's rise to power by cooperating with the National Guard.
• Sociopathic Soldier: Medrano led El Salvador's first death squad, who were responsible for waging terror and repression against the government's enemies.

Nicaragua

Official Name: Republic of Nicaragua

Ruling Party: Partido Liberal Nacionalista^note Nationalist Liberal Party

Ideology: Civilian Dictatorship^note Despotism

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• Bilingual Bonus: The Spanish text on their flag states their name and geographical location, "Republic of Nicaragua - Central America".

Luis Somoza Debayle

Role: Head of State

Party: Partido Liberal Nacionalista^note Nationalist Liberal Party

Ideology: Civilian Dictatorship^note Despotism

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• President for Life: He rules his country more akin to a dictator, despite officially being a president.

Costa Rica

Official Name: Republic of Costa Rica

Ruling Party: Partido Liberación Nacional^note National Liberation Party

Ideology: Social Democracy^note Progressivism

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José Figueres Ferrer

Role: Head of State

Party: Partido Liberación Nacional^note National Liberation Party

Ideology: Social Democracy^note Progressivism

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• Gameplay and Story Segregation: Despite adhering to the democratic system, Figueres never steps down from power for the entire game due to a lack of implemented elections in Costa Rica.

Panama

Official Name: Republic of Panama

Ruling Party: Partido Liberal Nacional^note National Liberal Party

Ideology: Classical Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• Butt-Monkey: Even though hundreds of ships regularly pass through their canal and make millions of dollars, Panama only acquires a meager $250,000, even though they own the canal. Typically, Panama tends to make the least amount of profit from any international trade that crosses through them.
• Corrupt Politician: Panama's bureaucracy is full of these, in which any bill, public development, or acquisition can't even happen without a backroom deal or a private "donation" to the politicians. Any investigation into this problem is quickly suppressed, allowing the problem to persist.
• The Resenter: Panama resents the United States for controlling their canal and profiting off of it more than they do. The tension finally escalates when Panamanian rioters rise up against the Canal Zone Guards and engage in a tussle with them. The situation only gets worse when a student gets shot when trying to evacuate wounded protesters, becoming a martyr for future riots.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: Behind the political scene, every government branch competes and fights each other to accumulate more power for themselves. They're only united together out of the interest of self-survival from foreign threats.

Roberto F. Chiari Remón

Role: Head of State

Party: Partido Liberal Nacional^note National Liberal Party

Ideology: Classical Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• We Hardly Knew Ye: Chiari's remaining presidential term lasts up to two more years before he steps down and Arias gets elected.

Arnulfo Arias

Role: Head of State (1964 election)

Party: Partido Panameñista^note Panameñista Party

Ideology: National Conservatism^note Paternalism

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• Failure Is the Only Option: Inverted. Arias will always win the 1964 election and succeed Chiari.

The Caribbean

Republic of Cuba

Official Name: Republic of Cuba

Ruling Party: Organización Revolucionaria Integrada^note Integrated Revolutionary Organization

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: The ORI is based on the actual coalition party that governed Cuba from 1961 to 1962, which became notorious for factionalism and infighting.
• Beneath Notice: Though Cuba is a major backer of the Caribbean Legion, they'll avoid most of the blame if the invasion fails because everyone will focus on demeaning the United States.
• Historical Relationship Overhaul: Since the Soviet Union is no longer their main rival in the Cold War, the United States is less hostile to communism in this timeline and thus had an icier relationship with Fulgencio Batista, Cuba's former dictator. Whatever diplomacy they had left went down the drain when Batista started getting chummy with Trujillo, an open fascist, increasingly favored Dominican investments, and ignored the warnings of the American ambassador, leading the United States to support Castro and M-26-7 in 1957. The pro-OFN socialist presidency of Gaitán in Colombia heavily influenced Castro, while Mexico openly supported the revolution from the start, leading to Castro keeping his former disinterest in communism. This explains why Castro's regime, infamous for opposing the United States in OTL, is an OFN ally in this timeline. If Castro becomes a socialist, he prefers a revolutionary form of democratic socialism instead of authoritarian Marxism-Leninism.
• Hope Bringer: The successful Cuban Revolution has enflamed other resistance groups in the Caribbean to overthrow the repressive dictatorships in their own country.
• Kangaroo Court: If the Caribbean Legion takes over the Dominican Republic, they will capture Cuba's former dictator, Fulgencio Batista, who has been living in exile. Taken back to his home island, a public show trial is held to humiliate Batista and have him executed on the spot for his past crimes.
• Regime Change: As a long enemy to Trujillo, Cuba pitches in to the Caribbean Legion's preparation for the Puerto Plata invasion, hoping that they will overthrow the Dominican dictator.
• We ARE Struggling Together: The ORI is an unstable coalition whose factions have little in common besides their shared goal of reforming Cuba and agreeing to put Castro in charge. Otherwise, the various factions of the ORI compete with each other that often leads to infighting and division. By game start, infighting has gotten so bad that Castro is the only man holding everything together.

Fidel Castro

Role: Head of State

Party: Organización Revolucionaria Integrada^note Integrated Revolutionary Organization, Partido del Pueblo Cubano - Ortodoxos^note Party of the Cuban People - Orthodox (1962 election), Partido Vanguardia Unida de la Revolución Cubana^note United Vanguard Party of the Cuban Revolution (Dictator)

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism, Revolutionary Gaitanismo^note Socialism (1962 election), Institutional Despotism^note Despotism (Dictator)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was born on 13 August, 1926 to a wealthy family, the bastard son of his father's mistress. Despite a conservative Jesuit education, Fidel became a devout anti-fascist. His political life began at the University of Havana, throwing aside his law studies to join the populist Ortodoxo Party.

In 1952, General Batista launched a coup and crushed Cuba's fragile democracy under his boot. Fidel resorted to armed struggle, leading a daring but doomed attack on the Moncada Barracks on 26th July, 1953. Released from prison, he fled to Mexico to form a new rebellion under the 26th of July Movement, or M-26-7. Despite a disastrous landing in Cuba, Fidel and his rebels fled into the mountain jungles to wage a six-year guerrilla war.

Although M-26-7's urban wing made invaluable contributions, it was Fidel and his colorful, bearded rebels who made headlines worldwide. It was their exploits and stunning victories that made Fidel the symbol of anti-Batista resistance in Cuba. The tide turned against Batista, and on New Year's Day, 1959, a triumphant Fidel entered Havana with his rebel army.

Castro now serves as Cuba's Prime Minister, ruling as a flamboyant populist in the Latin American tradition. Since 1959, major reforms have swept Cuba to international acclaim, and the revolutionaries remain in the OFN's good graces for their proud anti-fascist stance.

Fidel espouses socialist views alongside Ortodoxo populism, and endorses direct democracy, but rules in a rather autocratic manner blended with Cuban nationalism. It's unclear if he'll be a democratic champion or another caudillo, but every Cuban knows that the self-proclaimed heir of José Martí will shape history forever.

In-Game Biography (Dictator) ^{Click to Show}Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was born on 13 August, 1926 to a wealthy family, the bastard son of his father's mistress. Despite a conservative Jesuit education, Fidel became a devout anti-fascist. His political life began at the University of Havana, throwing aside his law studies to join the populist Ortodoxo Party.

In 1952, General Batista crushed Cuba's fragile democracy under his boot. Fidel resorted to armed struggle, leading a daring but doomed attack on the Moncada Barracks on 26th July, 1953. Released from prison, he fled to Mexico to form a new rebellion under the 26th of July Movement, or M-26-7. Despite a disastrous landing in Cuba, Fidel and his rebels fled into the mountain jungles to wage a six-year guerrilla war.

Although M-26-7's urban wing made invaluable contributions, it was Fidel and his colorful, bearded rebels who made headlines worldwide. It was their exploits and stunning victories that made Fidel the symbol of anti-Batista resistance in Cuba. The tide turned against Batista, and on New Year's Day, 1959, a triumphant Fidel entered Havana with his rebel army.

While many hoped he'd be the exception, Fidel has gone the way of Robespierre and rules as caudillo. Embracing his autocratic streak, he now holds the Hobbesian worldview that change and order can only be brought with an iron fist.

As for ideology, he has forsaken Gaitán's democracy for the PRI's perfect dictatorship, although he is still committed to socialism and anti-fascism. Perhaps this is not what José Martí envisioned, but to Fidel, the strong hand is the only way to fulfill his hero's dream.

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• Allohistorical Allusion:
  • Cuba, along with Mexico and the OFN, can organize the Caribbean Legion, an international anti-fascist militia with the goal of overthrowing the Trujillo regime in the Dominican Republic. In real life, a young Castro was a member of the Legion, though its attempts at invading the DR were unsuccessful.
  • After overthrowing Batista, Castro nationalized Cuba's industry and businesses, but now seizing Dominican, not American, assets and plantations.
  • Castro can announce his dictatorship by continuing to suspend the 1940 Constitution and not calling elections, which is exactly what he did in real life.
  • If he restores democracy, Castro rejoins his old party, the Orthodox Party, which he was a real-life member of in the 1950s and even tried to run for election. Historically, M-26-7 was founded by the Orthodox youth wing rather than the communists.
  • If he becomes a dictator, Castro's new party is named similarly to the real-life Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution, the predecessor to the Communist Party of Cuba.
• Cigar Chomper: He's usually found smoking one of his Cuban cigars when talking with friends.
• Face–Heel Turn: Castro starts as the face of the anti-Batista movement, having led the 26th of July Movement to overthrow the tyrant. Unfortunately, he can adopt a Hobbesian worldview and become Cuba's new dictator as he did in real life, contrary to José Martí's vision of a free and democratic Cuba.
• Internal Reformist: After his victory, Castro initiated a broad set of reforms, covering land, healthcare, welfare, and education. While the reforms are enormously popular, some worry that these changes to be too radical and quick, which may spell doom for Castro's government. Castro also hasn't fully dedicated himself to turning Cuba into a democracy yet, leaving it ambiguous if he'll follow José Martí's dream of a democratic Cuba, despite declaring himself Martí's heir. Yet, Castro is the only person holding the entire coalition together at this point. Regardless if he's democratic or not, Castro will continue to carry out his revolutionary policies.
• Irony: In real life, Castro was known for his proud and public opposition to the American government, and was the target of multiple CIA-sponsored anti-communist operations, including the famous Bay of Pigs Invasion. In TNO, Castro presently has a good relationship with the United States and is popular within the OFN, and it's his enemy Trujillo who's on the CIA's hitlist. This has some truth in it, as in real life, the CIA did send an agent to help advise M-26-7 and funded Castro's activities after 1958. Should the US support the Caribbean Legion over Balaguer after Trujillo's fall, Cuba will even join the OFN.
• Rebel Leader: Just as in real life, Castro made international headlines leading two armed revolutions against Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship. His first attack on the Moncada Barracks failed, but he returned a second time, leading M-26-7 and becoming the face of the anti-Batista revolution. By 1962, he's one of the most iconic examples of this trope across Latin America, together with Guadalupe Salcedo in Colombia.
• Signature Headgear: Castro continues wearing his famous Ridgeway cap.
• The Revolution Will Not Be Vilified: If Castro holds elections, he becomes one of the lucky few to have broken the trend of revolutions resulting in new dictatorships. This even extends to his socialist ideology, which is meant to ensure that revolution always ends in a stable democracy.
• Universally Beloved Leader: Downplayed. Should he honor his promises and hold elections, Castro wins by Cuba's biggest landslide to date, and becomes one of the very rare genuine examples of a popular and charismatic leader being reelected again and again. But while the people love him, Castro only wins again and again because of his friendly relationship with the opposition made up of fellow revolutionaries and the resulting consensus he built with their parties. If that consensus fails to hold, he'll be voted out in 1966.
• Well-Intentioned Extremist: Furious at the paralyzing infighting of the ORI, Castro can drop his support for democracy, go the way he did historically and become a new dictator because he believes only an iron fist can improve Cuba and fulfill the wishes of his hero, José Martí.

José Antonio Echeverría

Role: Head of State (1966 election)

Party: Partido Socialcristiano de Cuba^note Social Christian Party of Cuba

Ideology: Christian Progressivism^note Progressivism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Amidst the countless leaders and heroes of the Cuban Revolution there is only one man that can rival Fidel Castro man-to-man in terms of the numbers of his admirers. This is José Antonio Echeverría, just over three decades out from his birthday of July 16, 1932 as he enters the Presidential Palace in Havana as its tenant.

On the streets of Cuba they call him Manzanita, "Little Apple" - but to university students and, more recently, the Catholic Church in Cuba, he is known as their hero. As well it should be: he was, after all, the man behind the Catholic students' DRE or Revolutionary Student Directorate. Founding the DRE with his fellow Catholic students, Echeverría carried out student protests and urban guerrilla warfare against the Batista régime, quickly allying with Fidel Castro. The greatest of his exploits before being elected President was his failed but daring attack on the Presidential Palace on the 13th of March, 1957 from which CIA and DFS agents helped him escape alive.

That failure proved temporary - though he had to regroup in the Sierra Maestra and lead urban warfare against Batista, the tyranny eventually came to an end. Now in power, Echeverría wants nothing more than to revive the radical democracy that José Martí dreamt of, strengthen antifascist solidarity across Latin American campuses, and most importantly, turn the Church into a revolutionary force.

Will that succeed in Cuba, a nation where religion was never really popular? It is the people's decision.

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• Affectionate Nickname: On the streets, Echeverría is affectionately nicknamed Manzanita or "Little Apple".
• Real Men Love Jesus: Echeverría is a devout Catholic who will emphasize the Church and Catholicism's role in the government, and even aim to turn the Church into a radical force for social change.
• Rebel Leader: He founded the Revolutionary Student Directorate with radical Catholic students, waging guerrilla warfare against the Batista regime together with Castro, and even attacking the Presidential Palace to try and kill Batista.
• Serendipitous Survival: In OTL, Echeverría was executed shortly after his assault on the Presidential palace in 1957 but in TNO, he managed to survive and escape thanks to the assistance of CIA and DFS agents.

Carlos Prío Socarrás

Role: Head of State (1966 election)

Party: Partido Revolucionario Cubano (Autentico)^note Cuban Revolutionary Party (Authentic)

Ideology: Left-Wing Corporatism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}The ascension of Carlos Prío Socarrás to the dignity of President of Cuba is not his first entrance into that arena. In fact, the man passing into his seventh decade as he enters the Presidential Palace is the last legally elected President of Cuba before the revolution, and the second such President after it.

People call Prío Socarrás "El Presidente Cordial", the Cordial President; his legacy is one of sadness. Whether it was his fault is still hotly debated, but his promising administration was mired in corruption and political violence having as their result the most violent election in Cuban history. It is clear, however, that by the end of his term he was seen as weak and ineffectual.

But another chance eventually came. The man that usurped Prío Socarrás and forced him into exile was a tyrant, and the Revolution brought the struggle against Machado back to the old President's mind. He jumped into the fray, coordinating funding for M-26-7, even mobilizing young Auténticos to fight; anything and everything to free his nation. When it was done, Prío was welcomed home in 1959, surrounded by young rebels eager to pay their respects.

Now the new President has a second chance. The ideals of 1933 have clearly not lost their old appeal; the Auténticos still have some vigour and hope left in them. Carlos Prío Socarrás is determined not to squander this precious opportunity—for he knows what faces him if he fails at the test: brokenness, and a lost sense of what could have been.

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• The Exile: After being overthrown by Batista, Prío Socarrás fled Cuba as an exile, though his aid to M-26-7 allowed them to overthrow the dictator and permit him to return to the island.
• Last-Second Chance: Though his tale as President ended in disaster, Prío Socarrás may be given a second chance to redeem himself and implement the reforms he wanted to for decades. He must not waste this opportunity because, if he fails, he and everything he stands for will be a forgotten footnote in history.
• Rebel Leader: Although not part of the Revolution from the start, Prio handled M-26-7's funding and even led his own group of supporters into battle against Batista.
• Tragic Hero: His first presidency is a well-known tragedy throughout Cuba. In spite of his good intentions, Prío Socarrás's administration was marred with corruption and violence as in real life, which he proved unable to stop. Seen as too ineffectual, Prío Socarrás was eventually overthrown in a military coup by Batista, ending his once promising presidency.

Netherlands Antilles

Official Name: Netherlands Antilles

Ruling Party: Royalisten^note Royalists

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism

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• Government in Exile: The Dutch Antilles is the home of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands and the Dutch government-in-exile, following its relocation to the islands after Suriname achieves independence.

Juliana

Role: Head of State

Party: Royalisten^note Royalists

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism

See her entry on the South America subpage.

Isaac Arend Diepenhorst

Role: Head of State (Juliana succession)

Party: Christen-Democratisch Appèl/Partido Nashonal di Pueblo^note Christian Democratic Appeal/People's National Party

Ideology: Progressive Conservatism^note Conservatism

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• You Are in Command Now: Diepenhorst becomes the leader of the Netherlands Antilles following the independence of Suriname.

Haiti

Haiti

^{Flag of Duvalier's Haiti}

Official Name: Republic of Haiti

Ruling Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party

Ideology: Oligarchy^note Paternalism

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• The Alliance: Haiti is a member of the Organization of Free Nations, joining for protection from Trujillo’s Dominican Republic. The country is dependent on OFN forces to keep the peace within Haiti.
• Aristocrats Are Evil: The mulattocracy is an elite class of aristocrats who keep most of the country impoverished to enjoy their decadent lifestyles.
• Bilingual Bonus: The Republic of Haiti's flag has French text that translates to "Unity makes strength", which is their national motto.
• Les Collaborateurs: After the American invasion of Haiti in 1915, some chose to collaborate with their new occupiers, who would become the powerful mulatto elite when the United States left them to their own devices.
• Puppet State: Though the United States formally gave independence back to Haiti in 1934, their influence over the country is suffocating, continuing to meddle in their politics to ensure that they remain in their sphere of influence.
• Red Scare: If Trujillo is overthrown in the Puerto Plata invasion, the Haitian revolutionaries become widely seen as the new threat, especially as they begin attacking both Dominicans and their countrymen.
• Won the War, Lost the Peace: Haiti is plagued with guerrillas who oppose the pro-American oligarchy, in which it has become a serious drain on the OFN to keep the peace.

Pierre Déjole

Role: Head of State, Economy Minister (Déjole cabinet)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party

Ideology: Oligarchy^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Descendant of a French slaveholder and of President Fabre Geffrard, who threw down the Second Haitian Empire, President Louis Déjoie has not had to go far to attain his present position. Though he might protest otherwise, for the average Haitian it is clear that the Presidency was as much a hand-me-down to Déjoie as his sugar plantations and landholdings.

Déjoie was born the son of wealthy landowners; cozying up to the Establishment was in his DNA. It made all the more sense, then, that he would tie himself closely to his friend and mentor, Élie Lescot. Twenty years of mulattocratic government passed, and Déjoie joined his boss in enriching himself.

Meanwhile, things changed. Dewey's government—that had been so loyal to the Lescot presidency passed on, and things became incrementally more difficult with time. Eventually Lescot was sent out, and a successor was sitting in the office next door: need one say who it was? The answer was obvious even to the most out-of-touch diplomat's wife or to the poorest, most oppressed black citizen.

Some feel enough shame about open corruption and oligarchy where they try to deliver to the average people as a sort of quid pro quo. Not Déjoie—to him there is no use changing things from the way Lescot used to do them. He may be his own man, but he is as much an avatar of the mulattocracy as his predecessor, and just as willing to keep the levers of power in mulatto hands as Lescot was.

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• Corrupt Politician: Déjoie has spent plenty of time enriching himself from the mulattocratic regime that rules Haiti.
• Dismotivation: Déjoie is an entrenched figure in the mulattocracy and fully intends on keeping things the very same way as his predecessor.
• Internal Reformist: Downplayed. Many had hoped that Déjole would reform the corrupt and exploitative mulattocracy, but besides some economic relief, only token political reforms have been implemented.

Louis Déjoie Jr.

Role: Head of State (Déjole retired)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party

Ideology: Oligarchy^note Paternalism

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• Meet the New Boss: When Déjole peacefully retires, Déjoie Jr. is promoted in his place and set to continue the oppressive status quo.

Élie Lescot

Role: Head of Government (Déjole cabinet), Head of State (Déjole assassinated)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party

Ideology: Oligarchy^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Meet the new boss, same as the old boss.

From the outset of his governance, President Antoine Louis Léocardie Élie Lescot has ruled by his own will and his own will alone. Juvenal's Satires held the mindset of "thus I will it, so I order it; let my will replace reasoned judgment" in contempt: Lescot, on the other hand, embraced it enthusiastically.

Twenty years of kleptocratic corruption—or, as Lescot calls it, strategic direction of funds—combined with a method of governance denounced as regressive by everyone except Lescot and his friends and beneficiaries preserved his hold on power even as the Allies lost the Second World War and the Dominican Republic fell into chaos. But alas, the blacks did not understand their rightful place—below the mulattos and whites—and began to revolt; Lescot had no choice but to abdicate to his understudy.

Well, that time is no more; the interregnum has ended. Lescot has returned to power, even if the masses below him are complaining as loudly as they ever have. The Americans will do their duty, and preserve his government as they did once before; the will of the people of Haiti need not factor into any decisions. All that matters is that the right people remain in charge, and that the right person sits at their head.

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• Evil Mentor: Lescot acted as a mentor to Pierre Déjole, who tied himself to Lescot before succeeding him as president.
• Meet the New Boss: As namedropped in his biography, Lescot continues the muluttocracy of Déjoie, with any form of change or reform being unlikely to happen under his rule.
• You Are in Command Now: If Déjole is assassinated, Lescot will be quickly inaugarated as his successor.

Gerard Lescot

Role: Head of State (Lescot assassinated, Lescot retired, Cantave succession)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party

Ideology: Oligarchy^note Paternalism

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François Duvalier

Role: Head of State (1964 election, Cantave succession)

Party: Parti de l'unité nationale^note National Unity Party

Ideology: Right-Wing Populism^note Paternalism, Personalistic Dictatorship^note Despotism (Constitutional referendum)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}The mulattos call François Duvalier a dangerous man, a threat to law and order. The Afro-Haitian majority—especially those most hostile to the élite and most strongly adherent to Négritude and black nationalism—regard him as the bearer of their hopes. The military, who are the other half of his support base, call him 'a good sort'.

But everyone—starting with the patients he served so diligently in his younger days and continuing to military men, foreigners, and diplomats—calls him Papa Doc.

Where his path to power was not at all certain, his views always were: racism and violence that occurred during the United States occupation of Haiti in the late 1910s inspired black nationalism among Haitians and left a powerful impression on the young Duvalier. Duvalier saw the poor black majority and their resentment against the mulattocracy. Supporting Pan-African ideals, he became involved in the local Négritude movement, beginning a long and chaotic political journey interrupted by returns to his medical doctorate—

—and now, suddenly, by an upset victory, he is President of Haiti. Most believe that he will destroy the old mulattocrat elite and oppose the Americans; beyond that, however, his policies are anyone's guess, and he may well travel down a path no-one was expecting.

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• Cult of Personality: Duvalier will set about constructing a cult of personality surrounding himself as he begins to consolidate power around himself following his electoral victory.
• Life Will Kill You: If Duvalier successfully consolidates his power and avoids an invasion by his rivals, he will still die as a result of a second heart attack due to complications with diabetes.
• Red Baron: He is known as "Papa Doc."
• Red Scare: Communists are regularly oppressed in the Duvalier regime, which makes sense, given that they would be ideological enemies to his reactionary administration.
• Red and Black Totalitarianism: Should he take over Haiti and transform it into a personalistic dictatorship, he would change the color scheme of the country's flag from red and blue to red and black.
• Revenge Before Reason: If the Hinche negotiations do not go in his favour, Duvalier will invade the Dominican Republic to seize control of the territory, something that will likely result in his defeat at the hands of the better equipped Dominican forces.
• Secret Police: His MSVN paramilitary enforces Duvalier's totalitarian regime through disappearance, rape and public murder.

Jean-Claude Duvalier

Role: Head of State (François succession)

Party: Parti de l'unité nationale^note National Unity Party

Ideology: Personalistic Dictatorship^note Despotism

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• Adipose Rex: Not an exactly royal example, but Jean-Claude succeeds his father as dictator of Haiti, and is shown as considerably overweight in his portrait.
• Like Father, Like Son: Jean-Claude is the son of François and is just as dictatorial when he takes over after his father's passing.
• Meet the New Boss: After François dies in 1971, Jean-Claude will succeed him as leader of the country and continue the legacy of his father's regime.
• Red Baron: He is known as "Baby Doc."

Franck Lavaud

Role: Security Minister (Déjole cabinet), Head of State (Reform coup)

Party: Forces Armées d'Haïti^note Armed Forces of Haiti, Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party (Lavaud election)

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism, Dominant-Party Democracy^note Paternalism (Lavaud election), Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}If one peers into the office of former General, now President, Franck Lavaud, one sees many of the trappings of the old mulattocratic government of Lescot and his successor, who Lavaud characterizes as "Lescot's running dog Déjoie," left strewn on the floor, thrown down from their old perches. Small wonder, when Lavaud has taken it upon himself to do away with his former bosses' asinine racialist policies to the best of his ability.

The Lescot and Déjoie (mis)governance existed for almost as long as Lavaud was in active service as a general. Assuming control of the Garde d'Haiti and the Ministry of Defense in 1944, he watched as Lescot's over-proximity to Trujillo permitted the latter to gain advantage after advantage at Haiti's expense. Meanwhile, while the mulattocratic élite kept singing that pervert's praises, all Lavaud could see from Trujillo was the same old ambition to do as they had always wanted to do and annex Haiti.

With time Haiti's lack of readiness became intolerable. Were the Lescot government to remain in power, either Trujillo's dream would become reality faster than Lavaud could say 'putain de merde', or the masses of Port-au-Prince would fly into an abject rage and hand the country over to communist maniacs. So he did what any other military man would do in his situation—throw down the President, mobilise the military, and initiate sorely needed reforms.

Lavaud is not like le Professeur or Kanson Fè. Democracy or tolerance for the left, these are not in his vocabulary. But obliterating the mulattocracy? Oh, that's something Lavaud is all too happy to do—for only an imbecile would dare say the mulatto élites have done worth a damn of good with their power to the present day.

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• Cincinnatus: He holds the presidency for as much time as he needs to write and approve a new constitution before stepping down and letting the Haitians elect their leader.
• The Coup: In reaction to the Carribean Legion's failure to make a landing during the Puerto Plata invasion, Lavaud will launch a coup against Déjole to democratise Haiti and organize future elections.
• Internal Reformist: Subverted. Opposed to Déjole, Lavaud promises radical reforms and a new constitution that would guarantee equality and democracy for all. However as president if elected, despite making progress on anti-corruption measures and dismantling the mulattocracy, Lavaud and his party have no intention on actually democratising Haiti.
• Pyrrhic Victory: After a difficult process of rallying political parties and promising the reform the country, Lavaud discovers that being interim President isn't so easy. His agenda makes him hated by the mulattocracy, who don't want to surrender any of their power, while the United States pulls back their support of the new "anti-America" government. The weakness of the Lavaud administration leaves it incredibly vulnerable for Alexis and the Parti Populaire de Libération Nationale to take control of Haiti.

Daniel Fignolé

Role: Head of State (Lavaud, 1968, or 1972 election)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party, Mouvement Ouvrier des Paysans^note Peasant Worker Movement (Lavaud election)

Ideology: Transitioning Democracy^note Paternalism, Authoritarian Developmentalism^note Paternalism (Election)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Haiti has witnessed upon years of instability and misery, years of racialist misgovernance by which the Haitian people were subtracted in shadowy transactions. Decades of folly piled upon folly passed wherein the nation suffered, and the Dominicans and others gained advantage after advantage at the expense of the Haitian government and people alike.

It was not as if Daniel 'le Professeur' Fignolé sat by and did nothing while his country bled. A thoroughgoing liberal, he defied the Lescot and Déjoie governments day in and day out. Lescot's lot retaliated against Fignolé frequently: if he wrote denunciations, his paper was closed and he would get fired. But it had its benefit—his fiery orations gained him the popularity of the people, who held "woulo konpresè" or "steamroller" strikes against the mulattocrat tyranny.

Defeat after defeat was demoralizing but Fignolé would've been content to keep fighting even unto death. But things changed: Franck Lavaud's junta was unable to govern dictatorially, and the new President was even more frightened of a Dominican attack than he was of democrats or communists. Therefore, he turned to 'the Professor'—and convinced the remnants of the elite to accept Fignolé as president at the same time as Fignolé convinced people further left than he to settle his governance for a time.

Now the Haitian nation is united behind a single leader for a time. Armed forces, wealthy landowners, socialist revolutionaries, and the common labourer must work together until Trujillo joins Napoleon and all the other tyrants six feet under ground. By all that is good, Fignolé swears, he will not rest until freedom rings in every settlement on the island.

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• The Determinator: Fignolé acknowledges how hard it will be to fix all of Haiti's problems, but deems it necessary to tackle them, no matter the odds.
• Hero-Worshipper: His liberalism is inspired by the optimism and actions of Franklin D. Roosevelt, giving him the motivation to continue his difficult mission of reforming Haiti.

Max Hudicourt

Role: Head of State (Lavaud or 1968 election)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party, Parti Socialiste Populaire^note Popular Socialist Party (Lavaud election)

Ideology: Left-Wing Corporatism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Haiti has witnessed upon years of instability and misery, years of racialist misgovernance by which the Haitian people were subtracted in shadowy transactions. Decades of folly piled upon folly passed wherein the nation suffered, and the Dominicans and others gained advantage after advantage at the expense of the Haitian government and people alike.

Max Lélio Hudicourt was not one to sit around while the nation was betrayed. His venerable old uncle, Senator Pierre Hudicourt, mentored him and watched approvingly as the young man became known as a gifted orator and contributor to left-wing thought in Haiti. Graduating as a lawyer, Hudicourt the younger became an employee of his senatorial uncle's firm.

Hudicourt's left-wing thoughts were offensive to the US, to Sténio Vincent, to Élie Lescot, to all the despotisms and hegemonies within and outside Haiti. They were not satisfied to disagree with him, either—time and again they tortured him, arrested him and his friends, shuttered his publications and expelled him from his places of work. But none of this deterred him; instead, it tempered his steel—and unified many sections of Haitian society in admiration for him.

Now, the hour has come: the government has one way or another given way, and Hudicourt is now in charge. Much relies on him, and many disparate factions have put their faith in him to stabilize the United Front and transition it into a permanent, functional government. By the people and all their merits Hudicourt swears that he will honour their trust or die in the attempt.

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• Internal Reformist: Hudicourt is one of the most radical reformers in Haiti, dedicated to fixing the vast economic inequality plauging the country.
• Short-Lived Leadership: If the communists take over Haiti, Hudicourtccan be given leadership, but he won't stay for long before he retires and passes the position to Jumelle.

Franck Sylvain

Role: Head of State (1972 election)

Party: Mouvement Ouvrier des Paysans^note Peasant Worker Movement

Ideology: Market Liberalism^note Liberal Conservatism

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• Red Scare: Sylvain has had a history of spreading anti-Communist works, decades before the game's start.

Luckner Cambronne

Role: Head of State (1972 election)

Party: Parti Républicain Haïtien^note Haitian Republican Party

Ideology: Right-Wing Populism^note Paternalism

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• Rags to Riches: Cambronne grew up when his father was a poor preacher before becoming a potential leader of Haiti.

Clement Jumelle

Role: Head of State (1972 election, Hudicourt retired)

Party: Pati Nasyonal^note National Party

Ideology: Left-Wing Populism^note Progressivism

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• Historical Badass Upgrade: Jumelle has far better political prospects in this timeline. In OTL, he dropped out of the 1957 general election out of suspicion that the army was monitoring him; here, no such possibility can happen.
• Serendipitous Survival: Unlike OTL, Jumelle doesn't die from kidney failure in 59' due to not being on the run from the army and having access of better healthcare.

Léon Cantave

Role: Head of State (Anti-Communist coup)

Party: Forces Armées d'Haïti^note Armed Forces of Haiti

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism, Personalistic Dictatorship^note Despotism (Regime consolidated)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}If there is one thing that General Léon Cantave can always spare time for, it is listening to someone or another criticise democracy and socialism—for, with time, that has become one of his own favourite pastimes.

The old governance of Haiti was at best flawed. The 'democratically' 'elected' presidents, Lescot and Déjoie, were at best corrupt egomaniacs and at worst simple drooling imbeciles only competent at taking things for themselves. What did one need to read antidemocratic propaganda in Haiti, when the mulattocrats were more than enough proof of its flaws?

Then it emerged that Haitians were being led astray by socialism. How the Haitian people could make such an error was beyond him. Were the disasters of socialist-adjacent France, of the Spanish Republicans, of Cuba and the Soviet Union, not a sufficient warning against following that path?

Obviously, this could not stand, and the army did not let it stand—instead, Léon Cantave took power and removed the socialists and democrats from control over the nation. Adherents of decadent, failed ideologies may complain—but their opinions matter not. Léon Cantave, now President of the Republic of Haiti, will assume sole responsibility for the Haitian people. Since everyone else has failed, let them be silent: Cantave will handle everything from now on.

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• Evil Reactionary: Cantave cares very little for Haiti's democracy and will overthrow it for a dictatorship if the Dominican Republic is couped by communist guerrillas.
• Red Scare: If communists takeover the Dominican Republic, Cantave will coup the current government, with his focus being exterminating the communists he claims are rotting Haiti's structures from within.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: While they feel wary about giving aid to his repressive regime, the OFN supports Cantave in order to put an end to the PPLN.

Paul Magloire

Role: Head of State (Cantave counter-coup)

Party: Mouvement Ouvrier des Paysans^note Peasant Worker Movement

Ideology: Authoritarian Developmentalism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}General Paul Eugène Magloire, referred to as Kanson Fè (Iron Pants) by Haitians, is now the last hope of the common civilian in Haiti as Trujillo's cronies and doctrinaire communists beleaguer the state.

Magloire has a checkered past. Sometimes, he has stood against despotism, but other times he has opportunistically supported it. At one time he was one of Lescot's most loyal supporters in the military—but then he saw the rage of the common people and decided it would be more prudent to throw the mulattocrat and his successor out.

Now the situation is sensitive, for Haiti is beleaguered in two directions. Though there is some support from outside, the nation's defense must be competently and cautiously executed. The Haitian government must work in a broad coalition, with all desirous to work for the stability of the Nation welcomed and given a role to play.

Yet more importantly, the mistakes and folly of Cantave's dictatorship must be undone, and democracy and high liberalism take their place. Otherwise, the nation will have survived 150 years of difficulties for nothing.

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• The Coup: Magloire can depose Cantave right when he attempts to entrench his power through a constitutional referendum, bringing democracy back to Haiti.

Haitian Revolutionary Front

^{Flag of the Socialist Republic of Haiti}

Official Name: Haitian Revolutionary Front, Provisional Revolutionary Government of Haiti, Socialist Republic of Haiti (Noirism entrenched), People's Republic of Haiti (Ambroise), Republic of Haiti (Hudicourt elected)

Ruling Party: Parti Populaire de Libération Nationale^note People's Party of National Liberation

Ideology: Partisan Movement^note Despotism

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• La Résistance: Whether it is opposing the plutocratic democracy of the mulattocracy or the dictators that succeed them, the PPLN fight together for a socialist Haiti free from imperialism.

Jacques Stephen Alexis

Role: Head of State

Ruling Party: Parti Populaire de Libération Nationale^note People's Party of National Liberation

Ideology: Partisan Movement^note Despotism, Revolutionary Front^note Socialism, Pan-Africanism^note Socialism (Noirism entrenched)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}It is said that to be a Haitian is to be an African, but Jacques-Stephen Alexis takes the sentiment one step further. To him, the same is true in reverse, with Haiti itself being an amalgamation of African culture and identity. This in turn creates a dream of a future that would one day connect the island nation to the ancestral homeland via a united struggle against colonialism.

Born in Gonaïves, Haiti in 1922, Jacques-Stephen Alexis began his academic pursuits from a young age, eventually attending school in both France and the United States to study medicine. While abroad, he developed both an appreciation for writing and communism, both of which he viewed as tools to be used to help his downtrodden nation escape her captors.

A strong contributor to the "Negritude" movement, aimed at promoting a positive and affirming African identity, Alexis engaged with pan-African ideals early in his life via his writing. He also began traveling in socialist circles, enjoying the anti-imperialist aspect of the various Marxist ideologies, and eventually went on to lead the PPLN as his support grew in the countryside.

As the PPLN consolidates its power with Alexis at the helm, it has become apparent that there is a new chapter being written in Haitian history, one that could propel it away from the colonial influence of the West and into the arms of her overseas brothers and sisters. Jacques only hopes that the United States and other foreign powers won't be able to undermine his movement as they have tried so many times before.

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• Chummy Commies: He leads the socialist opposition to the mulatto aristocracy that exploits the black majority population.
• Necessarily Evil: When in power, Alexis resorts to morally questionable actions to prepare Haiti for a potential American invasion, including forced prison labor and the creation of the Agence de Défense Populaire to keep potential dissidents in line.
• Reconcile the Bitter Foes: When the PPLN takes over Haiti and becomes increasingly divided over their ideology, Alexis is capable of mediating peace between the conflicting groups, though many start to wonder how long he can keep the act up before he starts angering someone.
• Taking Up the Mantle: Alexis takes on the legacy of Jacques Roumain and his Pan-Africanist ideology, fueling opposition to the Americans and Trujillo.
• Won the War, Lost the Peace:
  • Once Alexis topples the mulattocracy, he's then left with the equally difficult task of keeping the PPLN together, as they begin clashing over whether socialism or Noirism should be their ideological doctrine.
  • Additionally, Alexis will have to contend with the US-backed remnants of the old government and Duvalier's far-right nationalists that provide resistance against his new left-wing government.

Max Hudicourt

Role: Head of State (Post-war reorganization)

Party: Parti Populaire de Libération Nationale^note People's Party of National Liberation

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism, Left-Wing Corporatism^note Paternalism (Special election)

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See his entry in the Haiti folder.

Jean-Jacques Dessalines Ambroise

Role: Head of State (Post-war reorganization)

Party: Parti Populaire de Libération Nationale^note People's Party of National Liberation

Ideology: Amazonism^note Communism, Guevarism^note Socialism (Molina-led Dominican Republic), Revolutionary Gaitanismo^note Socialism (Bosch-led Dominican Republic),

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• Wild Card: Downplayed. Ambroise is committed to the socialist cause, but he is ideologically flexible. He starts out as an Amazonist, but can turn Guevarist or Gaitanist, depending on certain leaders in the Dominican Republic.

Clement Jumelle

Role: Head of State (Hudicourt retired)

Ideology: Reformist Socialism^note Socialism

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See his entry in the Haiti folder.

Dominican Republic

Dominican Republic

^{Flag of the Republic of Santo Domingo}

^{Flag of the Inter-American Peace Force}

^{Flag of the Dominican People's Republic}

Official Name: Dominican Republic, Republic of Santo Domingo (Trujillo, Haiti annexed), Transitional Authority of the Organization of American States and the Organization of Free Nations within the Dominican Republic (OFN invasion), Dominican People's Republic (López)

Ruling Party: Partido Dominicano^note Dominican Party

Ideology: Fascist Populism^note Fascism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: With the United States opposed to fascism instead of communism in this timeline, the Dominican Republic mirrors the position of Fidel Castro's Cuba in the OTL Cold War, being an American-hostile island nation that serves as an outpost to the opposing ideology in the United States' own "backyard". Similarly to how Cuba also backed American opponents in several proxy wars, the Dominican Republic does the same, such as supporting Gómez's regime and the fascist New Granada against the OFN-backed Revolutionary Union in Colombia. For double irony, Castro is an American ally in this timeline, effectively borrowing Trujillo's friendlier relationship with the United States in OTL.
• Banana Republic: The Dominican Republic is a violent, fascist dictatorship run by Trujillo, who has been running a "whitening" campaign and waging genocide against the Haitians he's recently absorbed into his country.
• Cincinnatus: If defeated by the OFN after an attempted invasion of Haiti by either Trujillo or López, an OFN transitional authority will be temporarily set up in the Dominican Republic before holding elections and handing power over to Bosch or Bonnelly.
• Crapsaccharine World: Under Trujillo, the living conditions in the Dominican Republic appear to have vastly improved over the decades and its citizens are happy to remain under his rule, even if Trujillo is a cruel dictator who murders anyone that dares criticize or oppose him.
• Didn't Think This Through: The program of Blanqueamiento doesn't always persuade Iberians to move to the Dominican Republic because many are often comfortable living in Europe and have no interest in moving to a small island in the middle of the Caribbean.
• Egopolis:
  • Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic's capital, was renamed to 'Ciudad Trujillo' in 1936. The city will revert back to 'Santo Domingo' if any anti-Trujillo factions assume power.
  • The land taken from Haiti in the 1950s was renamed to "Generalísimo Trujillo."
• The Exile: Fulgencio Batista, Cuba's old dictator, is living in the Dominican Republic as a hated exile in his native country. In the Puerto Plata invasion, the Caribbean Legion has a limited time window to catch him and bring him back to Cuba so that he can be executed.
• Final Solution: Under Trujillo, the Dominican Republic is actively committing genocide against Haitians in the land under Dominican occupation. This can extend to all of Haiti if a Trujillo-led Dominican Republic conquers Haiti, enabling a widespread campaign of genocide, destruction and renaming as a plan to destroy the Haitian national identity. The surviving Haitians will immigrate to neighboring countries in an effort to flee from the violence.
• Hated by All: As in real life, the Trujillo regime is undisputedly the cruelest and most violent regime in all of Latin America, and is actively despised by most of its neighbors, especially Haiti, Cuba, and the United States. They've only survived thanks to Iberian and Italian support from across the Atlantic. When the Triumvirate collapses, the Dominican Republic is left vulnerable, which happens in the Puerto Plata invasion.
• Please Select New City Name: The town of Hinche was renamed to its Spanish name of 'Hincha' when it was taken over by the Dominican Republic in the 1950s. Other cities will also be renamed if the Dominican Republic conquers and annexes Haiti, specifically naming Puerto Ramfis (Port-au-Prince), Gonaibo (Gonaïves), Cabo Quisqueya (Cap-Haïtien), and Yaquimel (Jacmel).
• Proxy War: The Dominican Republic is a proxy of the Iberian Union during the Puerto Plata invasion, as they are their closest ally in Latin America.
• La Résistance: The PRD is the primary opposition force to Trujillo and his regimes, though most of their leaders have been jailed and their forces scattered.

Rafael Trujillo

^{Military outfit}

^{Puerto Plata victory}

Role: Head of State

Party: Partido Dominicano^note Dominican Party

Ideology: Fascist Populism^note Fascism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}With the Caudillismo of the 20s bringing the country to its knees, Rafael Trujillo would usher in a new age with his coup in 1930, the Era de Trujillo. Bringing political stability and economic prosperity, casting off the influence of the Americans from the Republic and bringing it closer with Iberia and Italy, true allies of the state and its people, the new regime would become widely popular with the people, with Trujillo being seen by many as El Benefactor.

However, all this stability and prosperity would be built on top of the bodies of the ones who opposed the tyrannical and brutal regime of Trujillo. Be from within, those who opposed the dictator and found themselves sent to prisions to be tortured to death, or from without, the Haitians that were unlicky enough to to be born in the regions claimed by Trujillo, either killed or forced to flee their homes in the fear of it.

For decades the Secret Police and Army were able to keep these enemies of the Republic at bay, however, with the fall of Batista in Cuba the safety of the regime would be called into question as the rebellion against him had come with US support. With fears that he will be next, Trujillo has continuously built up his military and security apparatus with Iberian and Italian help, turning the Dominican Republic into a fortress for Fascism, all the while backing anti-American movements wherever possible. With everyone knowing that action against him is a guarantee, the only question remaining is if the regime will be able to survive.

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• Allohistorical Allusion: Like Fidel Castro in real life, Trujillo is the victim of several attempts to assassinate him by the CIA that always fails.
• Dark Horse Victory: When the Caribbean Legion invades to overthrow him, most observers predicted that his regime would collapse in a matter of weeks. However, there remains a chance for Trujillo to hold onto his power, slaughtering most of the Legion and capturing enough prisoners to hold hostage against the United States and Cuba, the main backers of the invasion.
• Even Evil Has Loved Ones: One of the most unambiguously evil men in Latin America, his only consistently humanizing quality is loving his son, whose career in the military was greatly boosted by his intervention in blatant nepotism.
• The Generalissimo: Arguably the inspiration for this trope in real life, Trujillo has all the trademarks; the tropical island, the corrupt military rule, the constant human rights violations, the megalomania, and the Egopolis named after himself.
• A God Am I: Many of his propaganda portraits features the phrase "Dios y Trujillo" in an effort to frame himself as a god on Earth. Most of his fanatical supporters believe this too.
• Politically Incorrect Villain: Trujillo supports Spanish immigration to the Dominican Republic in order to practice a whitening policy.
• Villain with Good Publicity: Despite his totalitarianism, many Dominicans praise Trujillo, believing that his tyrannical, but stable rule far outweighs the poverty and chaos they endured in the 1920's.
• Villainous Legacy: The legacy of his Haitian invasion will always dampen Dominican-Haitian relations for as long as its occupation lasts, even in the most optimal scenario where Trujillo is overthrown and Lavaud comes to power in Haiti.
• We Used to Be Friends: Trujillo used to be friends with Élie Lescot Sr., the old dictator of Haiti, giving a glimmer of hope that their countries could've co-existed peacefully. Unfortunately, it didn't last and border skirmishes between the two eventually escalated into a full-on Dominican invasion that still occupies Haitian land in the 1960's.

Tropes pertaining to upcoming content

• Fascist, but Inefficient: As revealed in the Puerto Plata expansion teaser, numerous priests expressed sympathy or aid to the anti-Trujillo opposition, which resulted in crackdowns, intimidation, and propaganda against them. However, this suppression united much of the church behind those priests opposed to Trujillo, culminating in a pastoral letter calling for freedom of speech and press, and an end to the crackdowns.

Rafael 'Ramfis' Trujillo

Role: Head of State (Trujillo succession or assassination)

Party: Partido Dominicano^note Dominican Party

Ideology: Fascism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Growing up the son of the man who built the modern Dominican State, many expected great things from Rafael Leónidas 'Ramfis' Trujillo. It's not like his father wasn't aware of this either, giving him military promotions and bridges in his name at an extraordinarily young age. He was long considered the heir apparent, and many expected him to take the political acumen of his father.

Of course, Ramfis turned out to fall far from the tree. He never showed interest in politics, or not nearly as much as he had for young women and auto racing. His failure to graduate the Academia General Militar due to his focus on extravagant affairs with movie actresses was a source of embarrassment to the regime. And a scandalous divorce from his first wife led to him falling out of the public eye for quite a while, though it never dampened his bohemian lifestyle. When they hear his name, many Dominicans think of him with a dark haired starlet in a fancy automobile instead of at his father's side in a uniform, and they laugh.

But Ramfis heard these laughs. And if there's anything he's inherited from his father, it's his insecurity. He knows they're wrong, that he can be a great leader like his father was. And anyone who doubts him will be proven wrong... or dealt with.

In-Game Biography (Puppet) ^{Click to Show}Growing up the son of the man who built the modern Dominican State, many expected great things from Rafael Leónidas "Ramfis" Trujillo. It's not like his father wasn't aware of this either, giving him military promotions and bridges in his name at an extraordinarily young age. He was long considered the heir apparent, and many expected him to take the political acumen of his father.

Of course, Ramfis turned out to fall far from the tree. He never showed interest in politics, or not nearly as much as he had for young women and luxury auto racing. So when it came time for him to take the reins, he was offered a deal he could not refuse from the Military Intelligence Service. Ramfis could have as many luxury cars, movie stars, and benders as he wanted. And if he needed to slit a throat, he only had to name it. But the real power is Chief Johnny Abbes García.

Abbes is rumored to be another product of nepotism, to have traded affairs as a young man with the former President to advance his career. But while the power behind the throne is corrupt, he was always loyal to Trujillo, and wants nothing more than to advance the will of the departed ruler. So Ramfis can live happily the way he always wanted, the burden of power on Abbes, his agents, and the German handlers behind them all.

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• Idle Rich: His days as a puppet are spent living as a playboy and leaving almost all the work to Abbes García.
• Inadequate Inheritor: Compared to his feared and ruthless father, Ramfis is an embarrassment to the Trujillo name, spending more time racing and having affairs than making a name for himself in the political arena. Optics weren't improved either when he had a scandalous divorce with his first wife. If he ascends to his father's throne, most will snicker at his predicted incompetence, something that Ramfis is aware of and seeks to prove wrong.
• Nepotism: Despite his youth, Ramfis was showered with military promotions and awards he didn't deserve, simply because he was Trujillo's son.
• One-Steve Limit: He and his father share the same name, so he's nicknamed "Ramfis" to differentiate the two.
• Overlord Jr.: Ramfis is a fascist like his father, destined to succeed him when he either passes in 1968 or gets assassinated after the Puerto Plata invasion.
• Puppet King: In the power struggle to succeed Trujillo, Ramfis accepts a deal by the Military Intelligence Service to become their puppet so long as he's provided luxury cars and movie actresses to his heart's content. All real power will be concentrated to Johnny Abbes García, Trujillo's hypercompetent spymaster.
• Skewed Priorities: He's destined to succeed his father and continue the Trujillo regime, even though he's more interested in auto racing and banging movie actresses than ruling.

Johnny Abbes García

Role: Head of the Servicio de Inteligencia Militar^note Military Intelligence Service

Ideology: Esoteric Despotism^note Ultranationalism

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• Dragon-in-Chief: If Ramis takes power, Abbes can offer him a deal to have whatever his heart desires in return for Abbes being the real power behind his reign.
• The Man Behind the Man: While Ramfis appears to be the face of his regime in his puppet path, in reality, it is Abbes, his agents and the German handlers behind them all.
• Nepotism: Abbes is rumored to be another product of nepotism like Ramfis and to have traded affairs as a young man with the former President to advance his career.
• Secret Police: Abbes is head of the Dominican Military Intelligence Service, which is the the main secret police force and death squad behind the Trujillo regime.
• Undying Loyalty: While he is ambitious, Abbes wants nothing more than to advance the will of the late Rafael Trujillo.

Joaquín Balaguer

Role: Head of Government (Trujillo cabinet), Head of State (Trujillo assassination or 1968 power struggle victory)

Party: Partido Dominicano^note Dominican Party

Ideology: Civilian Dictatorship^note Despotism, Paternalistic Conservatism^note Conservatism (Ceasefire), Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism (Rigged election), Transitioning Democracy^note Paternalism (Power struggle won)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}If someone told Joaquin Balaguer's family and neighbours in the poor ruralities of Santiago de los Caballeros that he would rise to the Presidency of the Dominican Republic after years of quiet struggle and effort, they would laugh in their interlocutor's face. But that is how it has played out.

American occupation and the rhetoric of his father's friend, the leader of the Puerto Rican liberation struggle Albizu Campos, sparked in the young Balaguer a love for intellectual debate and its frequent companion of politics. That, combined with training in essay writing and law, made him the perfect candidate for public prosecutor. Balaguer would've been content to do that for a while had an opportunity not struck—for not long after Balaguer's tenure began, his cousin married the future ruler of the Dominican Republic, Rafael Leónidas Trujillo.

Things began well. Balaguer was Trujillo's most important minister, his closest confidant. He kept a low profile, and said nothing about Trujillo's aberrations and excesses. But this happy equilibrium went to hell quickly as Trujillo himself became a liability and a threat to the country he had built. Balaguer bided his time until the man he once called friend suffered death, and only then took power. His mission: destroy the legacy of Trujillo's worst abuses.

To achieve that mission, Balaguer has had to ally with the dissidents and anti-governmental opposition forces. He gave them a promise—that he would bring back democracy to Quisqueya. But the cards are in his hands now. Will he deliver on his vow fully, or limit what he does? 'Suum est'—it is up to him.

In-Game Biography (Caribbean Legion ceasefire) ^{Click to Show}If someone told Joaquin Balaguer's family and neighbours in the poor ruralities of Santiago de los Caballeros that he would rise to the Presidency of the Dominican Republic after years of quiet struggle and effort, they would laugh in their interlocutor's face. But that is how it has played out.

American occupation and the rhetoric of his father's friend, the leader of the Puerto Rican liberation struggle Pedro Albizu Campos, sparked in the young Balaguer a love for intellectual debate and its frequent companion of politics. That, combined with training in essay writing and law, made him the perfect candidate for public prosecutor. Balaguer would've been content to do that for a while had an opportunity not struck—for not long after Balaguer's tenure began, his cousin married the future ruler of the Dominican Republic, Rafael Leónidas Trujillo.

Things began well. Balaguer was Trujillo's most important minister, his closest confidant. He kept a low profile, and said nothing about Trujillo's aberrations and excesses. But this happy equilibrium went to hell quickly as Trujillo himself became a liability and a threat to the country he had built. So Balaguer had no choice but to preserve his old friend's work—by orchestrating his assassination.

Let there be no mistake: the rise of Balaguer is the transition of the Dominican Republic towards a safer, more moderate paradigm. Yet not all is well, and the new President knows to watch himself; as he often says, for every grateful civilian these days there seem to be at least just as many crypto-communists who can't be satisfied with what they've gotten. They cannot be allowed to destroy all that Balaguer has worked for. Absolutely not.

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• Bullying a Dragon: If the ceasefire negotiations are rejected by Iberia, Balaguer will pull out of the talks too, sending a defiant letter to Nixon, denouncing his aid for the "opportunistic communists" in the Caribbean Legion.
• Cincinnatus:
  • After Trujillo's assassination and the Puerto Plata invasion's ceasefire, Balaguer may organize elections, with Bosch and Bonnelly in the running.
  • If he waits for Trujillo to pass away, Balaguer will ally with dissidents and anti-governmental opposition factions so he can win the power struggle for his throne. He promises to them that he will restore democracy if he wins, but it's very uncertain if he will keep his word.
• The Coup: Balaguer may organize an assassination of Trujillo so that he can take over and organize a ceasefire with the Caribbean Legion.
• Dragon with an Agenda: Balaguer is Trujillo's right-hand man, but when he sees his boss as a liability, he plots to undo his legacy, either waiting for him to croak or ordering his assassination.
• Know When to Fold 'Em: If the Caribbean Legion is not quelled in time, Balaguer will lose hope of Trujillo winning the Puerto Plata invasion and assassinate him, organizing a ceasefire and surrendering to the United States by offering to set up a pro-OFN regime.
• A Lighter Shade of Black: He's ruthless against people he suspects as communist sympathizers, but his regime is relatively safe and moderate compared to the one run by Trujillo.
• President for Life: If the Puerto Plata invasion ends in a ceasefire, Balaguer may set up rigged elections to guarantee his win, establishing another dictatorship in the Dominican Republic.
• Rags to Riches: Balaguer grew up in the slums of Santiago de los Caballeros before rising to become one of Trujillo's most trusted ministers and potential successor.
• Red Scare: Despite having many supporters who are grateful for ending Trujillo's tyranny, Balaguer can only focus on the "crypto-communists" who infiltrate Dominican society and he will do everything in his power to stop them from destroying the nation.
• Voluntary Vassal: After assassinating Trujillo, Balaguer approaches the United States and offers to join their sphere, if they call off the Caribbean Legion and support his regime. If the United States agrees, they will need to stabilize his new administration, lest it fall to a socialist revolution by López.
• We Used to Be Friends: He used to be content with lying low and letting Trujillo run his cruel regime, until he begins seeing his incompetence as a liability. From that point on, Balaguer can either orchestrate his assassination or wait for him to pass so that he can take over and undo his legacy.

Donald Reid Cabral

Role: Head of State (1966 power struggle victory)

Party: Government for the Rescue of the Republic

Ideology: Oligarchy^note Paternalism

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• Not-So-Well-Intentioned Extremist: Outwardly, Reid proclaims that the oligarchical system he oversees is for the benefit of the Republic, allowing aristocratic families to maintain a balance of power and prevent one from becoming too powerful. In truth, it's just an excuse for them to stay in power and keep abusing their power.
• Pragmatic Villainy: Reid and his Triumvirate oppose Trujillo's unrestrained authority because his brash actions nearly brought the Dominican Republic to ruin and destroyed the hierarchy they've long benefited from. Following his assassination, they fight a power struggle with Ramfis and his loyalists to ensure that another dictator won't rise again and all power is concentrated to an oligarchy.

Elías Wessin y Wessin

Role: Head of State (Military coup)

Party: Emergency Junta

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

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• Military Coup: If neither Rafis or Reid can adequately seize power, Wessin will intervene by military coup and lead an emergency junta.
• Voluntary Vassal: Wessin appeals to the United States for its intervention, turning the Dominican Republic into their puppet so that their soldiers can hunt down any Trujillo loyalists and root out the last vestiges of fascism on the island.

Héctor García Godoy

Role: Head of State (Junta election)

Party: Partido Cristiano de Conciliación Nacional^note Christian Party of National Conciliation

Ideology: Christian Democracy^note Liberal Conservatism

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• Failure Is the Only Option: Inverted. If the junta is kept by the United States, García Godoy is guaranteed to be elected.

Antonio Guzmán

Role: Head of State (Post-junta or 1970 election)

Party: Partido Revolucionario Dominicano^note Dominican Revolutionary Party

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism, Democratic Socialism^note Progressivism (1970 election)

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• Short-Lived Leadership: If immediate elections are held after Wessin's junta, Guzmán will be elected and sit in office for 50 days before being replaced by Bosch.
• Taking Up the Mantle: Bosch doesn't run for the 1970 election, so the PRD nominates Guzmán to take his place and continue his work.

Juan Bosch

Role: Head of State (Guzmán succession, post-Trujillo/OFN invasion or 1966 elections, Tavárez succession)

Party: Partido Revolucionario Dominicano^note Dominican Revolutionary Party

Ideology: Gaitanismo^note Progressivism, Revolutionary Gaitanismo^note Socialism (Tavárez succession)

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• The Exile: As a long-standing enemy to Trujillo, Bosch was forced to flee the Dominican Republic, only allowed to return when the dictator is deposed.
• The Future Will Be Better: Bosch's election and creation of a new constitution creates the Fourth Dominican Republic, permanently ending Trujillo's era and promising a better future of democracy and stability.
• Taking Up the Mantle: Bosch is Tavárez's designated successor to continue the People's Revolution.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: His administration is a loose coalition of anti-Trujillo, left-wing groups who disagree with their leader multiple times. They only work together due to having a common enemy and little else beyond that.

Rafael Bonnelly

Role: Head of State (Post-Trujillo/OFN invasion, 1966, or 1970 election)

Party: Partido Dominicano (Facción Liberal)^note Dominican Party (Liberal Faction), Partido Reformista Dominicano^note Dominican Reform Party

Ideology: National Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• Heel–Face Turn: Bonnelly is a longtime member of Trujillo's regime and continues several of his policies, but he also ends his predecessor's harsh policies and prepares the Dominican Republic for democratization.
• Token Good Teammate: Despite working for Trujillo, Bonnelly has urged for a liberalization of the regime and finally gets to fulfill his wishes if he gets elected.

Máximo Antonio López

Role: Head of State (Communist putsch)

Party: Movimiento Popular Dominicano^note Dominican Popular Movement

Ideology: Guevarism^note Socialism, Amazonism^note Communism (Dominican Cultural Revolution)

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• Allohistorical Allusion: Following the Haitian War, López's reign descends into parallel of the OTL Cultural Revolution in China, even forming his own Red Guards to crack down on dissidents and the event being dubbed the Dominican Cultural Revolution in-universe.
• Defector from Decadence: After the Caribbean Legion's victory over Trujillo, López may defect from the interim government they form and start a second revolution against it, with the support of Bayo.
• Dirty Communists: In his quest to clamp down on Trujillo's legacy, López organizes Dominican Red Guards to begin conducting violent purges and crackdowns in the country.
• Full-Circle Revolution: His attempts to eradicate fascism and liberalism in the Dominican Republic merely recreates another dictatorship after Trujillo's downfall.
• Jumping Off the Slippery Slope: López starts off with an understandable goal of eradicating Trujillo's legacy and supporting insurgents who oppose American imperialism. Unfortunately, he ends up crossing the line after the Haitian War, where he initiates a violent period of crackdowns on anyone he suspects as being opposed to his vision.

Manuel Aurelio Tavárez

Role: Head of State (Anti-radical coup)

Party: Movimiento Popular Dominicano^note Dominican Popular Movement

Ideology: Revolutionary Gaitanismo^note Socialism

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• The Coup: After the Haitian War, Tavárez launches an anti-radical coup to depose López and set the Dominican Republic on the path away from Trujillo's legacy without resorting to needless violence.
• Hero-Worshipper: Tavárez idealizes the Cuban revolutionaries who overthrew Batista and uses them as a model for a Dominican People's Revolution.

Caribbean Legion

^{Flag of the Dominican Revolutionary Front}

Official Name: The Second Caribbean Legion, United Dominican Front for the Eradication of Fascism (Dominican Civil War)

Ruling Party: Legionnaire Council

Ideology: Social Nationalism^note Paternalism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: The Puerto Plata invasion by the Caribbean Legion bears resemblance to a failed Cuban invasion of the Dominican Republic in 1959. It also resembles the Bay of Pigs invasion, as Dominican exiles and other anti-Trujillo groups are trained and funded by the CIA to overthrow an unfriendly government in the Caribbean.
• Fire-Forged Friends: The members of the Caribbean Legion are anti-fascist volunteers from across Latin America who have fought together in the name of destroying tyranny and forged a deep brotherhood from it, despite their cultural and linguistic differences. However, ideological differences can divide those bonds quickly.
• Plan B Resolution: If they are defeated by Trujillo's forces in the Puerto Plata invasion, the surviving Legion will flee to Haiti and try to start another revolution there, salvaging something from their doomed crusade and potentially fueling Alexis' rise to power.
• Private Military Contractors: Subverted. Their command structure is similar to a band of mercenaries, but they fight for ideological reasons rather than wealth.
• Proxy War: The Caribbean Legion is backed by the United States, Cuba, Costa Rica and Mexico to overthrow Trujillo.
• The Purge: If López's revolution fails, the Legion will conduct a massive bloodless purge to crack down on communist sympathizers. Befittingly, almost all the Cuban generals of the Legion were notable anti-communists of the Cuban Revolution in real life, who would fight alongside Castro and then turn against him when he became a communist.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: The left-wing Caribbean Legion is still ideologically diverse, with particular animosity towards the communist members of the army. After Trujillo is overthrown, these tensions finally blow out into an attempted revolution by López.
• Won the War, Lost the Peace: After overthrowing Trujillo in the Puerto Plata Invasion, the Caribbean Legion forms a provisional government to pacify the country and prepare future elections. However, Trujillo remains a popular figure among many conservatives who will be opposed to the new revolutionary state, making the Dominican Republic's future questionable.

Alberto Bayo

Role: Head of State

Party: Legionnaire Council

Ideology: Social Nationalism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}This is not Alberto Bayo's first war, not by a long shot. Nor is it the first conflict he's seen. At birth, his homeland was Spanish Cuba. He moved to Spain afterwards; when the fascists attacked it, he defied them to the end.

It has been two decades since Bayo led the failed Spanish Republican operation to reclaim Mallorca—though his men initially succeeded, and believed firmly in an assurance of victory, the Nationalists held on long enough for the Italians to intervene, and for the fascist axis to drive the Republicans back, cutting them down as they fled.\n\nAs had played out too many times beforehand, Bayo was disgraced and stripped from almost all his roles, relegated to the background for the rest of the war. Establishing himself in Mexico and having a brief, inconsequential stint at the Mexican military academy, he lived a life of poverty as a furniture-maker until revolutionaries Ernesto Guevara and Fidel Castro sought him out.

That was Bayo's first big break, a real, honest-to-God success. Training Guevara and Castro in guerrilla tactics, he joined them in the Granma landing and stayed with them until the Revolution proved victorious—a triumph in which his role proved pivotal. It was in those circumstances that the old revolutionary, now a general of the Cuban army, returned to his birthplace.

Now it is not Cuba or Mallorca, but Quisqueya that is in question. Bayo has grown wise with age, and learned from his mistakes. But he cannot shake the fear that he is similarly placed to the failed operation that cost him everything nearly three decades ago. He cannot—will not—make the same mistake again.

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• Cincinnatus: If the Puerto Plata invasion is successful, Bayo will serve as interim leader of the junta, until free elections can be organized.
• A Father to His Men: Bayo deeply cares for the men under his command and willing to join them in linked arms during their victory parade.
• Old Soldier: A Republican veteran of the Spanish Civil War, Bayo gave Fidel and his revolutionaries the military training that allowed them to survive in the Sierra Maestra, and now leads another band of brave youngsters into battle against a Caribbean tyrant.

Horacio Ornes

Role: Head of State (Ceasefire)

Party: Frente Unido Dominicano para la Erradicación del Fascismo^note United Dominican Front for the Eradication of Fascism

Ideology: Social Nationalism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Horacio Ornes has come far, far indeed, since the hell he went through in the Cibao Mountains after the Disaster of Luperón in 1959.

In those lands the locals were hostile and results were few and far between; the cities, however, proved to be ripe with dissidents sick of Trujillo's tyranny. It was those same cities that proved the ideal place to lay the groundwork for the uprising which has now destroyed Trujillo-though the work is not yet done, for the Tyrant's running dogs are still in power in Santo Domingo.

Almost from his birth in 1922 in Puerto Plata, Ornes always seemed fated to fight against the tyranny of the regime. First he was a dissident lawyer and writer, then he exiled himself in order to help extirpate tyranny in all its forms across the Caribbean. But the Cayo Confites Expedition of 1947 failed—what had been meant to attack Trujillo instead ended up getting Cuba and La Habana bombed. The next year the Caribbean Legion split in two, and Fidel Castro's young guard formed the Second Legion; Ornes reluctantly joined them, and struggled for six years in the Cuban mountains.

Now is the time for Ornes to fulfill what he has worked for all this time. His lifelong goal is within grasp, and he will lay everything on the line in this final attempt.

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• The Determinator: Ornes' lifelong goal has been fighting for the removal of caudillismo and fascism from the Dominican Republic, having previously fought in the first Caribbean Legion in 1947.

West Indies Federation

West Indies Federation

Official Name: West Indies Federation, West Indies Commonwealth (Federated), Caribbean Union (Unitarian)

Ruling Party: West Indies Federal Labour Party

Ideology: Liberalism

Formed from former British and French colonies in the Caribbean, the West Indies Federation is a member of the OFN and a close American ally. The future of the Federation is uncertain, and it’s doubtful if the country can survive the decade.

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• The Alliance: The West Indies Federation is a member of the American-led Organization of Free Nations.
• Balkanize Me: If Jamaica and Trinidad secede, the Federation might completely collapse into numerous island nations that are still largely aligned with the United States.
• The Federation: As the name implies, the West Indies Federation is a collective of Caribbean islands united together as a single political entity allied to the United States.
• Puppet State: With the two main islands of Jamaica and Trinidad gone, the West Indies Federation can choose to submit themselves as a puppet state of America to prevent its collapse.
• Reassigned to Antarctica: For American statesmen, the West Indies Federation is one of the worst places to be assigned to, as they are stuck with the inglorious duty of managing the confusing quagmire of West Indies politics.
• We ARE Struggling Together:
  • As an artificially constructed political federation in the wake of the UK's collapse, the members of the West Indies Federation don't really have any reason to remain united or cooperate with one another.
  • The Federation has to balance the interests of the two biggest islands, Jamaica and Trinidad, and the remaining "Little Eleven."

Grantley Herbert Adams

Role: Head of State

Party: West Indies Federal Labour Party

Ideology: Liberalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Even as problems have mounted in recent yeast for the hodgepodge collection of former island colonies that is the West Indies Federation, the United States has maintained its trust in Prime Minister Grantley Herbert Adams. By all accounts, their trust has not been misplaced. While not a slavish pet of Uncle Sam or the OFN, it cannot be denied that Adams is a man of moderation - a man unwilling to rock the proverbial boat. Hailing from the small West Indies island of Barbados, the Prime Minister has been a committed liberal since his days at Oxford. To that end he has been a supporter of several reforms aimed at ensuring the Federations integration into the global market under the Supervision of the United States since his election in 1958. At the same time however, there is no love lost between Adams and the growing leftist movements within the Caribbean. He sees them as unruly radicals threatening to reverse the economic freedoms he has worked to guarantee while they in turn lambast him as merely the US and OFN's colonial governor of the islands.

As Prime Minister, one of Adams' most challenging tasks has been to attempt to maintain a balance between the two largest and most influential islands within the Federation, Trinidad and Jamaica, with the needs of the smaller, oft-forgotten 'Little Eleven', including Barbados. As political tensions begin to heat up across the Federation on political, class, and racial divides, Grantley may soon find his - and the Federation's - mettle tested.political and economic merge will entail.

In-Game Biography (Independent Little Eleven): ^{Click to Show}Allies and opponents alike were shocked to hear that Prime Minister Grantley Herbert Adams had rejected the US. Following the disastrous departures of both Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, collectively the two wealthiest constituents in the Federation, the US no doubt assumed that Adams, its longtime partner on the islands, would meekly accept their offer of greater support - and all the strings attached to it. But for whatever reason, be it weariness of US dominance or perhaps just plain optimism, Grantley politely declined the Americans. Of course, this has not changed the already existing status quo arrangement between the US and the West Indies, but it is seen as a sign of greater independence to come on behalf of the Caribbean islands.

Still, for all the hope that such a move might inspire in regional nationalists, the consequences of such a rejection may come back to bite Adams and his people. The 'Little Eleven' are, after all, just that: little. With their two largest economies gone it may be all they can do to keep afloat in the volatile global economy. Far-seeing or arrogant, principled or reckless? It will be for history to vindicate or condemn Grantley now.

In-Game Biography (American Puppet): ^{Click to Show}Grantley Herbert Adams' decision to tie what remained of the West Indies Federation to the United States was the safe, correct choice. It was also the validation of all that his political opponents had ever claimed about him in the eyes of many. The deal he accepted guaranteed the economic survival of the Federation in the wake of the desertion of first Jamaica and then Trinidad and Tobago, but it came at the cost of placing the islands under near direct authority from Washington. Every move Grantley's government wishes to make must be approved by Uncle Sam, every budget must go through US Congress, and even the Federation's modest defence force is now under the jurisdiction of USSOUTHCOM. West Indian sovereignty, already a point of frustration among independence minded activists, has been effectively torn to shreds, left to existent in only the most nominal of fashions as if in mocking jest.

Still, Adams reasons, the price needed to be paid. The loss of autonomy is grating but it truly was the only way to ensure the continued existence of the Federation as an entity. At least, so he hopes.

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• Growing A Spine: Adams can refuse America’s offer to become a puppet state, surprising those in Washington, his own party, and even his most prominent detractors.
• Know When to Fold 'Em: When the United States invaded Barbados, Adams was incensed, but cowed to the Americans anyway, seeing that resistance would be futile against a nuclear superpower right at their doorstep.
• The Quisling: To his critics, Adams is an power hungry president who sold out his own country to American interests.
• Status Quo Is God: Adams seeks to preserve the status quo of the Federation and sees the growing leftist movements as unruly radicals threatening to reverse the economic freedoms he has worked to guarantee while they, in turn, lambast him as merely the US and OFN's colonial governor of the islands.
• Voluntary Vassal: Adams can choose to submit the Federation as a puppet state of America to prevent its collapse after Jamaica and Trinidad secede from it, ultimately proving his critics correct.

Norman Manley

Role: Head of State (Jamaica stays)

Party: West Indies Federal Labour Party

Ideology: Liberalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}If Jamaica was the glue that held the West Indies Federation together, it would only be fair to say that Norman Manley is the man most responsible for the continued existence of the West Indies as a single political entity. Despite what his critics would like to forget, Manley's history of fighting for the people of Jamaica - his people - has been an extensive one. During the Great Depression Manley helped to co-found the People's National Party and worked side by side with his cousin, Alexander Bustamante, and his Industrial Trade Union.

The 1940s would prove to be a decade of great change for Manley and Jamaica. First came the 1943 split between the PNP and Bustamante's JLP, then there was the approval of universal suffrage in 1944, and then in the latter half of the decade came the moment that would irreversibly change the destiny of Jamaica and its neighbor islands. The end of the Second World War left Jamaica without a mother country for the first time in over two centuries. With Jamaica now nominally independent, Manley won the election to become its first ever Prime Minister. However, it was not long before the United States came calling with its plan to establish the West Indies Federation to comprise all of the former colonial island holdings in the region. As Prime Minister of the largest economy in the Federation, Manley enjoyed a prominent role, although he was often in conflict with his cordial rival Bustamante.

The failure of the proposed independence referendum has only served to bring Norman Manley to new heights. With its defeat, Manley saw his mandate secured, allowing him to push for a rewrite of the Federation Constitution to create a united West Indies Commonwealth. While many derided him as little more than Washington's lapdog, Manley has confidence that in the years to come, the positive results of his decisions will speak for themselves.

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• Clashing Cousins: Manley and Bustamante are cousins and co-founded the People’s National Party and worked together side by side. However, Bustamante soon split from the PNP, founding the Jamaican Labour party. Manley’s support for Jamaica remaining in the West Indie’s Federation has turned the two into public rivals, even if they are cordial in private.
• Les Collaborateurs: Manley is a native Jamaican who is fervently loyal to the United States and he will strengthen the Federation's ties to them, should Jamaica's independence referendum fail.
• Gambit Roulette: Manley’s plan for reforming the West Indies largely depends on the Jamaican independence referendum failing, which can easily be foiled by foreign meddling from Japan and Germany.
• Internal Reformist: Manley recognizes that the Federation is dysfunctional in its current state and will draft a new constitution to reform it into the West Indies Commonwealth. The Manley constitution sets limits for what each member state can and cannot do and includes protections for the cultures of the islands. If he is successful, all unrest in the commonwealth effectively ends, with calls for independence in the individual islands becoming increasingly rare.
• Reasonable Authority Figure: He’s willing to resign and let Jamaica secede to stop the violence gripping the country.
• Worthy Opponent: Despite being public rivals, Manley and Bustamante are quite friendly in private and have mutual respect for each other.

Eric Williams

Role: Head of State (Caribbean Union formed)

Party: West Indies Federal Labour Party

Ideology: National Liberalism^note Liberalism

See his entry in the Trinidad and Tobago folder.

Jamaica

Official Name: Jamaica

Ruling Party: Jamaican Labor Party

Ideology: Populist Conservatism^note Conservatism

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• The Coup: Downplayed. If the protests in Jamaica get too violent, Prime Minister Manley will be forced to resign to quell the storm, allowing Bustamante to take the position of Jamaica's Prime Minister and secede from the Federation in what’s described as a "bloodless coup".
• Unwitting Pawn: In their pursuit for independence from the West Indies Federation, they have inadvertently opened an opportunity for Germany and Japan to meddle in foreign affairs and subvert American dominance in the Caribbean by fracturing the American-aligned West Indies Federation.
• Video Game Cruelty Punishment: If America denies Jamaica an independence referendum, it will only radicalize the Jamaican independence advocates, leading them to seek more violent means of gaining independence. It will be harder for Jamaica to remain in the Federation, and if Jamaica achieves independence after this, they will leave the OFN.

Alexander Bustamante

Role: Head of State

Party: Jamaican Labor Party

Ideology: Populist Conservatism^note Conservatism (actual), Social Nationalism^note Paternalism (puppet)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Regardless of one's thoughts on the man himself it cannot be denied that Alexander Bustamante will be remembered as one of defining figures in Jamaican history. Born William Alexander Clarke in 1884, the Jamaican Labour politician is actually the first cousin of former Prime Minister Norman Manley. Bustamante first began to make a name for himself as an outspoken against British colonial rule in Jamaica in the 1930s. His pro-independence activities would see him imprisoned starting in 1940 and lasting for three years.

In the years since Britain's defeat in the War and the formation of the West Indies Federation Bustamante did not cease in his agitation for a free and independent Jamaica. The only difference was the target: where once he haranguaged Britain he had now to contend with the Federation and its American master.

As the spearhead of the successful independence referendum, it was only natural for Bustamante to take the leadership position in the new government. As the first independent Prime Minister of Jamaica, Bustamante has achieved the triumph of a lifetime. Even if he has begrudgingly accepted Jamaica's status as a mere "Dependent Member" of the OFN, with all the second-class nation status that it entails, the Prime Minister has been succeeded. Jamaica is no empire's colony any longer.

In-Game Biography (Coup) ^{Click to Show}Regardless of one's thoughts on the man himself it cannot be denied that Alexander Bustamante will be remembered as one of defining figures in Jamaican history. Born William Alexander Clarke in 1884, the Jamaican Labour politician is actually the first cousin of former Prime Minister Norman Manley. Bustamante first began to make a name for himself as an outspoken against British colonial rule in Jamaica in the 1930s. His pro-independence activities would see him imprisoned starting in 1940 and lasting for three years.

In the years since Britain's defeat in the War and the formation of the West Indies Federation Bustamante did not cease in his agitation for a free and independent Jamaica. The only difference was the target: where once he haranguaged Britain he had now to contend with the Federation and its American master.

Alexander Bustamante has always wanted independence for Jamaica, but he had never envisioned it coming about in the way that it now has. He naturally supported the Black Power protests that emerged against his longtime rival Norman Manley. As the violence of these protests increased however, Bustamante found himself unable to control the movement he was nominally the spokesman of. It was only the agreement of Manley to step down in favor of Bustamante and the protestors that calmed the worst of the chaos. Now the leader of an independent Jamaica, unbound by the US and its OFN, Bustamante has seemingly achieved his long-hoped for dream. And yet, it is only all too obvious to all observers, not least Bustamante himself, that the ills that plague Jamaica have only been treated, not cured.

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• Clashing Cousins: Bustamante frequently publicly clashes with his cousin Norman Manley, who wants Jamaica to remain in the Federation as an OFN ally.
• The Determinator: His enemies will not deny Bustamante's tenacity in advocating Jamaican independence and he's only becoming more aggressive in his demands for a referendum to resolve the issue.
• Occupiers Out of Our Country: From Bustamante's perspective, the West Indies Federation is just an occupying force over Jamaica and he wants to break free from them so that Jamaicans alone can determine their own "destiny".

Trinidad and Tobago

^{Flag of Trinidad, Tobago, and Grenada}

^{Black Power Revolution}

Official Name: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, Tobago, and Grenada (Federation Collapse)

Ruling Party: People's National Movement

Ideology: National Liberalism^note Liberalism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: The Black Power Revolution that happened in our timeline can potentially still happen to Trinidad and Tobago in this timeline, although this one can be far more successful than OTL.
• Crouching Moron, Hidden Badass: Trinidad is a tiny island nation that would seem chaotic after its hasty exit from the Federation, but they actually manage to ride out the storm because of their access to oil, a valuable resource that Trinidad has greatly profited from selling.
• Let No Crisis Go to Waste: Trinidad can use the chaos of the Federation’s collapse to annex the island of Grenada.
• Pyrrhic Victory: After Trinidad gains independence, the tiny island nation can end up engulfed in mass protests against the socio-economic equality against the country's Black population, spelling chaos and trouble.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here: If the West Indies Federation fails to stop Jamaica from declaring independence or accept Williams' proposal to centralize the Federation, Trinidad and Tobago will secede from the country as well to maintain its own economic stability, signaling the incoming collapse of the Federation.

Eric Williams

Role: Head of State

Party: People's National Movement, West Indies Federal Labour Party (West Indies Federation)

Ideology: National Liberalism^note Liberalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to show}Public servant, scholar, Father of the Nation: Eric Williams, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, has certainly had many accomplishments so far in life. Born in 1911 to a well-to-do family of French Creole descent he initially seemed to be on the path of a scholar rather than a politician. A gifted academic, Williams won a scholarship to study at the University of Oxford, England. He went on to earn his B.A. in history in 1935 and completed his Ph.D in 1938. His thesis, The Economic Aspects of the Abolition of the Slave Trade and West Indian Slavery, has since become a landmark text in the historiography of the British Empire and slavery practiced under it.

Life for Eric Williams would change dramatically following the end of World War Two and the collapse of the United Kingdom. By the time of the West Indies Federation's creation as a way to manage the Caribbean territories of the defeated British, Dutch, and French, Williams had become a leading figure in Trinidadian and Tobagonian politics, arguing for majority rule by the native peoples of the islands within the Federation.

With his plan to establish a unitary system for the West Indies Federation dead, Williams decided that the time for independence had come. Now it is he, the brilliant scholar, who will have to take up the task of navigating Trinidad and Tobago through the transition into a fully independent state.

In-Game Biography (West Indies Federation)^{Click to Show}Public servant, scholar, Father of the Union: Eric Williams, Prime Minister of the Caribbean Union, has certainly had many accomplishments so far in life. Born in 1911 to a well-to-do family of French Creole descent he initially seemed to be on the path of a scholar rather than a politician. A gifted academic, Williams won a scholarship to study at the University of Oxford, England. He went on to earn his B.A. in history in 1935 and completed his Ph.D in 1938. His thesis, The Economic Aspects of the Abolition of the Slave Trade and West Indian Slavery, has since become a landmark text in the historiography of the British Empire and slavery practiced under it.

Life for Eric Williams would change dramatically following the end of World War Two and the collapse of the United Kingdom. By the time of the West Indies Federation's creation as a way to manage the Caribbean territories of the defeated British, Dutch, and French, Williams had become a leading figure in Trinidadian and Tobagonian politics, arguing for majority rule by the native peoples of the islands within the Federation.

Following the success of his gambit to reform the Federation as a singular unitary Caribbean Union, Williams has emerged as the nation's first Prime Minister. The brilliant academic will certainly have his hands full as he works to ease the pain this full political and economic merge will entail.

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• Defector from Decadence: Should the West Indies Federation reject his proposal to centralize the government, Williams will declare Trinidad and Tobago's independence to pursue their own agenda, even if Williams is still willing to work with the OFN.
• Internal Reformist: If Jamaica wins its independence, Williams will push for radical reforms to centralize the Federation as a unitary state with a singular constitution, believing that it would be better suited to reform the myriad of problems facing the country.
• Universally Beloved Leader: Williams is beloved across the Caribbean and, if he secedes from the Federation, his election will be near universal. However, Williams can end up losing this status if he fails to address the social ills plaguing his country, leading to mass mutinies coordinated by the Black Power movement that culminates into Williams' resignation.

Makandal Daaga

Role: Head of State (Coup)

Party: National Joint Action Committee

Ideology: Left-Wing Nationalism^note Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Makandal Daaga, founder of the National Joint Action Committee, had never expected that he would be the one left to take charge of Trinidad and Tobago in the wake of the revolution. Truth be told, the Black Power movement that he had helped to lead had neither planned for nor instigated the fall of the Williams government - and yet it had fallen all the same. The unexpected mutiny by disgruntled elements of the Trinidad Defense Regiment sympathetic to the protestors and the weight of an ongoing general strike had snowballed into a catastrophe that had forced Williams to resign.

Despite lacking a firm plan for proceeding after achieving victory in such a surprising fashion, Daaga did not let himself become paralyzed by indecision. With the help of the Regiment he announced himself as the interim President in the interest of establishing a new government that could bring some peace to the beleaguered islands as the fallout of the Revolution continued. Daaga has made his gamble, seizing the moment in the hope of bringing about a better future for Afro and Indo peoples of Trinidad and Tobago. He will have his work cut out for him.

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• Cincinnatus: After the Black Power Revolution succeeds, Daaga will act as interim president until the loose coalition of laborers, activists, and nationalists can form a stable government.
• The Coup: Shortly after Trinidad's independence, Daaga can launch a coup against Williams, seizing power through a "Black Power Revolution" and swearing to create a better future for the Afro and Indo people.
• Occupiers Out of Our Country: Daaga decries American imperialism in Latin America and intends to withdraw the country away from their sphere of influence.
• We ARE Struggling Together: Once taking power, the Black Power movement becomes divided over what to do afterwards. The unions want greater protections and benefits for the common workers, the military leads want an apolitical government in their hands, and the Black Power movement itself demands social changes in line with their original goals of greater socio-economic equality. With himself at the helm, it will be up to Daaga to navigate this chaos and carve a stable future for Trinidad.

St. Kitts, Nevis, and Anguilla

Official Name: Saint Kitts, Nevis, and Anguilla

Ruling Party: People's Action Movement

Ideology: Conservatism

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Frederick Albert Phillips

Role: Head of State

Party: People's Action Movement

Ideology: Conservatism

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• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In OTL, Phillips is best known as the first black governor in the British colony, Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla. He didn't have any association with the People's Action Movement like he does in this timeline.

Antigua and Barbuda

Official Name: Antigua and Barbuda

Ruling Party: Progressive Labour Movement

Ideology: Progressivism

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George Walter

Role: Head of State

Party: Progressive Labour Movement

Ideology: Progressivism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: George Walter is in support of Antigua and Barbuda's independence, but now seeking independence from the West Indies Federation instead of Britain.

Guadeloupe

Official Name: Guadeloupe

Ruling Party: Parti Communiste de Guadeloupe^note Communist Party of Guadeloupe

Ideology: Left-Wing Nationalism^note Socialism

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Marcel Gargar

Role: Head of State

Party: Parti Communiste de Guadeloupe^note Communist Party of Guadeloupe

Ideology: Left-Wing Nationalism^note Socialism

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• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: Gargar was a Guadeloupean politician who was elected to the French Senate in OTL, a more modest position than becoming its potential head of state following the West Indies Federation's collapse.

Dominica

Official Name: Dominica

Ruling Party: Dominica Labour Party

Ideology: Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism

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Patrick Roland John

Role: Head of State

Party: Dominica Labour Party

Ideology: Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism

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• President for Life: Though formally president, John rules Dominica under a controlled democracy so that he can't be truly challenged politically.

Martinique

Official Name: Martinique

Ruling Party: Parti Socialiste^note Socialist Party

Ideology: Progressivism

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George Marrie Anne

Role: Head of State

Party: Parti Socialiste^note Socialist Party

Ideology: Progressivism

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• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In OTL, Anne was elected to the French Senate as a representative of Martinique without ever having the chance to rule the island independently like in this timeline.

St. Lucia

Official Name: Saint Lucia

Ruling Party: United Workers Party

Ideology: Christian Conservatism^note Conservatism

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John Compton

Role: Head of State

Party: United Workers Party

Ideology: Christian Conservatism^note Conservatism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: Compton did play a role in St. Lucia's independence in OTL, albeit by negotiating with Britain instead of wish the West Indies Federation.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Official Name: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Ruling Party: People's Political Party

Ideology: Democratic Socialism^note Progressivism

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• Bilingual Bonus: The flag of St. Vincent and the Grenadines has "Peace and Justice" inscribed in Latin, adding to the general Roman influence of its design.

Ebenezer Joshua

Role: Head of State

Party: People's Political Party

Ideology: Democratic Socialism^note Progressivism

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• Historical In-Joke: In OTL, Joshua voiced his support for the short-lived and doomed West Indies Federation. Here, he can only appear after its dissolution.

Barbados

Official Name: Barbados

Ruling Party: Democratic Labour Party

Ideology: Left-Wing Populism^note Progressivism

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Errol Barrow

Role: Head of State

Party: Democratic Labour Party

Ideology: Left-Wing Populism^note Progressivism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: Barrow is well-known in OTL Barbados for negotiating the country's independence from Britain and even becoming its first Prime Minister. He ends up leading an independent Barbados again in this timeline, but now after negotiating with the West Indies Federation instead of Britain.

Grenada

Official Name: Grenada

Ruling Party: Grenada National Party

Ideology: Liberal Conservatism

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Herbert Blaize

Role: Head of State

Party: Grenada National Party

Ideology: Liberal Conservatism

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• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In the OTL 1960's, Grenada hadn't yet won its independence, so Blaize served as Chief Minister and Premier of Grenada under Elizabeth II. In this timeline, Grenada can gain its independence much sooner, with Blaize becoming head of state two decades earlier than he did in real-life.

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