Characters / TNO Indonesia

Main Character Index Superpowers: Großgermanisches Reich (Heydrich's Germany) | The United States of America (1964-1968 American Presidents | 1972 American Presidents) | Dai-Nippon Teikoku Major Powers: Regno d'Italia | Iberian Union | Republic of Turkey | Ordensstaat Burgund Other Countries By Region: Africa: Northern & East Africa | West Africa | Southern Africa | Post-Colonial Central Africa Asia: Mainland China & Oceania (State of Guangdong | 1964-1972 Guangdong Chief Executives | Guangdong Flavor Characters) | Southeast Asia (Republic of Indonesia) | South Asia | Middle East | Central Asia Europe: Northern & Western Europe (British Isles | French State) | Southern Europe | Eastern Europe (Reichskommissariat Ukraine | Reichskommissariat Moskowien) Americas: North America | South America (United States of Brazil | Argentine Republic | Oriental Republic of Uruguay) The Russian Anarchy: West Russia (West Russian Revolutionary Front | Komi Republic | Communist Party of Komi | Passionariyy Organization | Taboritsky's Russia) | Southern Urals | Western Siberia | Central Siberia (Siberian Black Army) | The Far East (Harbin Three) | After Midnight Miscellaneous: Antarctica | Miscellaneous Content | Non-Canon Content

Republic of Indonesia

Official Name: Republic of Indonesia, Indonesian Government for National Salvation and Unity (Duumvirate)

Ruling Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Perdamaian Nasional^note Indonesian National Party - National Peace

Ideology: Authoritarian Developmentalism^note Paternalism

Through Japanese aid, Indonesia declared its independence from Dutch East Indies after World War II. While the archipelago has economically prospered with Japanese integration (the human costs notwithstanding), President Sukarno's autocratization has made the country increasingly unstable. As rebels become emboldened and the army becomes restless, the seams that unite Indonesia are coming apart one by one.

---

General Tropes

• Authority in Name Only: Similarly to the Philippines, Indonesia on the surface is a loyal but independent and equal member of the Co-Prosperity Sphere, and a legitimate embodiment of Japan's anti-colonialist, pan-Asianist rhetoric. But while the PNI is more stable than its KALIBAPI counterparts, there's nonetheless significant domestic turmoil, as the realities on the ground and simmering anti-Japanese resistance undermine the regime's legitimacy.
• Awesome, but Impractical: The magnum opus of the technocrat, Djuanda Kartawidjaja, is the Eight Years Development Plan, which would kickstart megaprojects revolving around infrastructure, roads, and dams to practically transform Indonesia. However, the costs of the plan are momentous and many are beginning to doubt if such an ambitious scheme is even possible.
• Blatant Lies: During World War II, many Indonesians were conscripted for labor to fuel the war effort and are supposedly being reimbursed for their service through the Indonesia Keizai Kaihatsucho (IKCC). In practice, these workers are never actually compensated and their deserved money are effectively withheld by the IKCC heads.
• Civil War: Sukarno's declaration of martial law plunges Indonesia into a civil war between the Negara Kesatuan Republic Indonesia and the Front Indonesia Merdeka.
• From Bad to Worse:The Indonesian Civil War starts with Sukarno leading the government forces (supported by the CPS) and the rebel opposition led by Hatta (supported by the OFN) however, if the war continues on and escalates, a duumvirate led by either Suharto or Lubis will seize control of the government (supported nominally by the CPS or the OFN respectively) in a coup to put an end to the chaos of the war. This can spiral further out of control if the rebel opposition forces defeat the government, leading to either Nasution or Supeno assuming control of Indonesia under a rule even more despotic than that of Suharto or Lubis (to the shock and confusion of both the CPS and OFN).
• Made a Slave: One of the most reviled policies in Indonesia is the Romusha System, where a portion of the population is "levied" as manual labor to be exploited. Under this system, the workers face terrible conditions and marginal pay, effectively turning them into a slave for the Japanese.
• MegaCorp: In return for aid in modernizing the nation, a consortium was established between the Indonesian government and the Zaibatsus. Many years after Japanese support dried up, the Zaibatsus continue to control the lion's share of Indonesia's mineral wealth and the profits from their sale.
• Proxy War: During the Indonesian Civil War, Japan and Guangdong will funnel support to Sukarno's regime against the OFN-backed Front Indonesia Merdeka. The former does so because they need to prevent the OFN from getting a foodhold in Southeast Asia and the latter does so because they want to test and sell experimental tanks.
• Puppet State: The Republic of Indonesia is a seemingly liberated nation from Japan's invasion of Southeast Asia, but they can never actually become independent because they're so economically and politically tied to the Sphere.
• Red Scare: If the Indonesian War lasts too long, the deaths of several generals by the mutinous Presidential Guard is blamed on socialist terrorists instead, inciting a nationwide crackdown of them that weakens both sides of the conflict and allow a Suharto-led Duumvirate to take over.
• Yes-Man: When Sukarno seizes absolute power, he'll fill his cabinets with loyalists and sycophants, being the only allies he has left up to the Indonesian Civil War.

President of Indonesia

Sukarno

^{Civil war portrait}

^{Post-civil war portrait}

Role: President of Indonesia^note Head of State

Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Perdamaian Nasional^note Indonesian National Party - National Peace, Partai Nasional Indonesia - Partai Rakjat Muslimin^note Indonesian National Party - Muslim People's Party (Harahap appointed), Partai Rakjat Muslimin - Fraksi Indonesia Raja^note Muslim People's Party - Great Indonesia Faction (Abdulgani appointed), Kabinet Persatuan Nasional^note National Unity Cabinet (Martial law)

Ideology: Authoritarian Developmentalism^note Paternalism, Islamic Modernism^note Liberal Conservatism (Harahap appointed), Revolutionary Nationalism^note Fascism (Abdulgani appointed), Civilian Dictatorship^note Despotism (Martial Law)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}The father of the Indonesian nation, and the leader in its struggle for Independence: all this, and more, can be used to characterize Sukarno, the President of the Indonesian Republic. While the reality, as often, is slightly more complicated, such a description is however not that far from the truth.

While dealings with the Japanese were needed to safeguard the young nation's independence, a quick glance at it today will show that the benefits have far outweighed the costs: Sukarno stands as the president of a proud and rapidly-rising nation, who could in a few years rival the world's largest powers in terms of economic might, a task as daring as it seems daunting.

Years have passed, however, and the Equatorial Emerald's president faces rumblings of discontent. Centralization from Java, its most prosperous island, is not unanimously popular, and the Indonesian army becomes more and more of a breeding ground for polarization and radicalism. Sukarno is not afraid in the least, for he knows the masses' respect and adoration towards him.

With the mandate of its people, and the strength of its President, Indonesia shall soar to new heights, and never again shall it be enslaved.

In-Game Biography (Civil War)^{Click to Show}Stuck in Djakarta, surrounded by loyalists and sycophants, for they are all he has left, and with the country at the mercy of the fires of war: such a situation is undoubtedly not what Sukarno would have wanted, but it is nonetheless the one he's in. One positive, however, is that the cruel conflict Indonesia found itself in allowed the President to discover where his erstwhile allies' loyalties really lied.

Mohammed Hatta, whom he once considered a friend, proved himself to be nothing more than a puppet of various power-hungry generals. Whatever his reasons for that may be, however, it was too late to turn back: that cosmopolitan turncoat had finally shown his real colors, and his last days would be spent in a prison cell, never to see the highs to which the nation he betrayed would soar. At least, that's the mantra the President plays to himself over and over again, to put the broken memories to sleep if only for a moment.

As the situation looks more dire than ever, however, many, even among the President's closest advisors, wonder if his wide-reaching ambitions are still within grasp. Some would leave it to time to tell; Sukarno, however, knows that such pleasantries are meaningless, for only Indonesia shall recognize its leader.

In-Game Biography (Civil War Victory) ^{Click to Show} Disloyalty has been cast to the dustbin of history, and both cosmopolitan and military turncoats have found their rightful place at the bottom of unmarked graves. War has been chased off the coasts, and the Equatorial Emerald shines again. Sukarno has won, and so has Indonesia.

The question of the costs at which such a triumph was achieved shall be left to the historians, for the President's ambitions have waited long enough. Traitors shall be punished, and centralization shall be imposed, for petty regionalism has caused enough suffering. Indonesia shall attain its rightful place on the world stage, for the so-called "great" powers have toyed with it long enough. To put it simply, compromise has shown its limits, and its biggest proponents have been outed as the traitors they were.

The President, now more popular than ever with the masses with his fearlessness, has shown that there is nothing that can stop the unyielding force of Indonesian sovereignty. For Bung Karno has shown his spirit - his Gelora - one to light up the nation forevermore.

The President of Indonesia since the proclamation of Indonesia's independence. An Indonesian nationalist and a close ally of Japan, Sukarno has a broad base of supporters, but his autocratic tendencies are increasingly fracturing Indonesian politics and creating opposition against him.

---

• Nice Job Fixing It, Villain: His attempt to rule Indonesia as a total dictator will backfire, as it gives an opportunity for Hatta and the rebels to overthrow him.
• President for Life: Following an attempted coup, Sukarno suspends all democratic processes in Indonesia and declares the institution of martial law, completing his transition into becoming an absolute dictator.
• The Puppet Cuts His Strings: In response to a coup attempt in Jakarta, Sukarno will declare martial law in Indonesia, nationalizing Japanese assets in Indonesia and officially becoming its absolute dictator.
• The Quisling: Unlike OTL, Sukarno and his comrades never stopped collaborating with Japan and continue to rule in her interests, believing Japan and the Sphere to be a reliable protector of Indonesian independence.
• Realpolitik: After attempting to cut ties with Japan and nationalizing all of their assets, Sukarno will end up halting his plans and becoming their proxy in the Indonesian Civil War. Though the two hate each other, they have common interest in putting down the rebellion, since Sukarno wants to hold on to his power and Japan wants to prevent the OFN from gaining a foothold in Southeast Asia.
• Repressive, but Efficient: From a purely technical standpoint, Sukarno's collaboration with Japan and their exploitative practices has benefited the nation as a whole, with the economy and industry developing at an unprecedented pace.
• We Used to Be Friends: Sukarno's Vice President Mohammad Hatta is one of the oldest friends, before they have a falling-out as Hatta disagrees with how Sukarno turns himself into a dictator soon after the game begins. Even when he has Hatta arrested, Sukarno still wonders what he did to lose his best friend, and despite Hatta's betrayal, nothing can erase the time the two shared together.
• Well-Intentioned Extremist: Sukarno is an authoritarian collaborator to the Japanese, but he views these actions as necessary to make Indonesia a prosperous and united nation.
• Villain with Good Publicity: In spite of his cooperation with Japan, Sukarno is a beloved figure to his people and even his most radical opponents only claim that he's just ruling incorrectly rather than being an inherently evil figure. If he wins the Indonesian Civil War, his popularity only skyrockets further.

Prime Ministers

Djuanda Kartawidjaja

Role: Prime Minister^note Head of Government (Sukarno cabinet)

Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Perdamaian Nasional^note Indonesian National Party - National Peace

Ideology: Authoritarian Developmentalism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography (Prime Minister)^{Click to Show}In a seemingly endless divide between the "administrators" and "solidarity-makers" in Indonesian politics, President Sukarno had deemed it appropriate to bridge the gap by appointing a cabinet for national peace. The man chosen to lead this eclectic mix of national heroes would be none other than technocrat Djuanda Kartawidjaja, a Sundanese civil engineer who benefited under the late Dutch "Ethical Policy" schools. Graduating from the Technische Hoogeschool de Bandoeng, Djuanda quickly became involved in the struggle for independence, and came to be known as a reliable workhorse in the nation's cabinets post-1949.

However, his seemingly boundless energy seems to be coming at an end. Following the chaos of the Sidik, Natsir and Manai years, Djuanda was appointed by Sukarno following Hatta and Sjahrir's advice - primarily to centralise Japanese-built railways and rationalising the patchwork economy left behind by the Dutch and neglected by Japan's wartime needs. Djuanda has spent the last year exhausting the cabinet's capabilities alongside fellow technocrats Johannes Leimena and Roosseno, leaving diplomacy in a status quo with Japan.

The effort has bore fruit, as Djuanda has laid out the Eight-Years Development Plan. Taking advantage of the chaos in Indochina and the Philippines, Djuanda's cabinet has built the base for Indonesia to become Japan's prime outsourcing location for heavy industry in Southeast Asia. The future looks bright, but Djuanda's health does not. Only time will tell if he will live to see the full fruits of his labour, and that time is fading fast.

---

• King on His Deathbed: His old age is beginning to catch up with him, in which various groups fight over who should succeed him.
• Plot-Triggering Death: His early death opens the matter of who should become Prime Minister and thus determine the future route of Indonesia.
• The Quisling: He works for the collaborationist regime in centralizing their infrastructure and directing the Eight Years Development Plan.
• We Hardly Knew Ye: Owing to his failing health, Kartawidjaja does not last long before he dies of a sudden heart attack and a fatal fall.

Johannes Leimena

Role: Minister of Foreign Affairs^note Foreign Minister, Prime Minister^note Head of Government (Sukarno cabinet)

Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Perdamaian Nasional^note Indonesian National Party - National Peace

Ideology: Christian Democracy^note Liberal Conservatism

In-Game Biography (Minister of Foreign Affairs/Prime Minister)^{Click to Show}Johannes Leimena - or J. Leimena. A serious looking man, Leimena was born in 1905 to two teachers inside the city of Ambon. Unlike the rest of his siblings, Leimena did not move in with his stepfather, after his own father died when he was five, and lived with his uncle's family. It was in youth did Leimena see the struggles of life and family, when he grew up during the strife in the 1920's and the growing resentment that the Indonesian people had against their Dutch overlords.

Graduating from the STOVIA medical school, Leimena toiled in various hospitals throughout the nation in Djakarta and Bandung. When the Japanese came - and proved that they were here to stay - Leimena had become the Director of the hospitals in Purwakarta and Tangerang. Leimena, perhaps due to his vehement Christian upbringing, developed a fiercely anti-Communist atittude against those who he thought would persecute and destroy those who believed. Yet, in contrast, Leimena rejects the creed of their masters that occupy the Indonesian Archipelago as being "for their own good".

What about the suffering that they've brought upon is good? The hunger? The poverty? The death? The only way that they could ever deliver any sort of gift upon Indonesia is letting go and creating an Indonesian state, ruled by Indonesians. It's this passion that has driven Leimena ever so near to the top, as Sukarno's top foreign minister. But it's this journey that has imparted upon the now aged soul some valuable lessons. Japan is a plague, but it is a plague that can be weaponised. If their millions and their foreign advisors come to our shores, maybe they can build up sorely-needed services such as healthcare and education, especially for those in the outer core of the country. An opportunity like this is not promised so easily by the other powers.

---

• Hypocrite: Leimena is fiercely anti-communist, believing that they will do nothing but oppress the good people of Indonesia. However, when confronted with news of Japanese abuses happening in the same country, Leimena dismisses it as "for their own good".
• Known Only by Their Nickname: He's more popularly known as "Om-Jo".
• Reconcile the Bitter Foes: The main reason he can be picked as Prime Minister is so that he can mend the relationship between the government and the people, who have become increasingly wary of the former's power.
• Well-Intentioned Extremist: Leimena isn't too fond of the Japanese presence in Indonesia, but he deems their support vital to his country's development and giving them vital social services, like healthcare and education.

Burhanuddin Harahap

Role: Prime Minister^note Head of Government (Sukarno cabinet)

Party: Partai Rakjat Muslimin - Fraksi Nahdlatul Ulama^note Muslim People's Party - Revival of the Ulama Faction

Ideology: Islamic Modernism^note Liberal Conservatism

---

• Consolation Prize: He can possibly be picked as Kartawidjaja's successor as a concession to criticisms of Sukarno's increasingly despotic rule, in which he'll act as a moderating voice over the latter.
• Didn't Think This Through: His premiership is intended to fix criticisms of Sukarno's overtly aggressive policies, but this merely creates a second problem in its place. By forming an Islamic political alliance through Harahap, Sukarno's own power base becomes split between the secular nationalists and the Java accelerationists.

Ruslan Abdulgani

Role: Prime Minister^note Head of Government (Sukarno cabinet), Minister of Foreign Affairs^note Foreign Minister (Martial Law Sukarno cabinet)

Party: Partai Rakjat Muslimin - Fraksi Indonesia Raja^note Muslim People's Party - Great Indonesia Faction

Ideology: Revolutionary Nationalism^note Fascism

---

• Villain Has a Point: While his proposed solution is unsavory, Abdulgani has a point about Japan's exploitative relationship with Indonesia and how they are treated as a puppet state to their empire.
• Villainous Friendship: He's a personal friend to Sukarno, which is well-known throughout Indonesia and seen as another sign of Sukarno centralizing power to himself.

Duumvirate Scenario (UNMARKED SPOILERS)

Suharto

Role: Military Commander, Head of State (Duumvirate)

Party: Pemerintah Penyelamatan dan Kesatuan Nasional - Klik Suharto^note Salvation Government of National Unity - Suharto Clique

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography (Field Marshal) ^{Click to Show} Commander Suharto of the Indonesian Army is the second most powerful and third most influential man in the entire country. Quickly rising through the ranks during the National Revolution, Suharto became an integral part of the military and constructed a minor powerbase around himself. Filled with ambition, he makes every attempt to advise President Sukarno, much to the chagrin of Vice President Hatta, who opposes him at every turn. Where exactly Suharto's ambition will take him is anyone's guess, but everyone expects, or fears, that he will do whatever it takes to get there.

In-Game Biography (Duumvirate) ^{Click to Show} General Suharto was a junior member of the influential PETA, the Java-dominated military clique. Initially stationed in the neutral special region of Jogjakarta, the chaos of the war has seen Suharto seize power - first in Jogjakarta, and then in Djakarta itself following a paroxysm of violence blamed on leftist agitators.

Suharto claims to be apolitical, far above any of the petty political squabbles that other members of his clique consistently find themselves in. It is true that he initially wielded little political influence, especially when compared to his high rank. But many suspect that this stance is simply a front to divert attention, that Suharto is much more ambitious than he would have you believe.

With Free Indonesia facing a similar division of their own under General Zulfikli Lubis, the Indonesian Civil War has entered a new and more bloody stage. Seeing the current situation, the two generals - one in Free Indonesia, one in Jogjakarta - are, in their own way, preparing to end the war themselves.

In-Game Biography (Civil War Victory) ^{Click to Show} Indonesia is once again whole. One man stands alone at the head of it all - President Suharto.

After the chaos from the emergence of 'socialists' emerged across an increasingly war-weary Indonesia, a state of emergency was declared. Suharto was made leader of the government, and he has made it clear that he will do whatever it takes to stabilize Indonesia - all in the name of national unity.

Suharto's ambitions were well-known, and it seems that they have finally come to fruition. Hatta's rebel movement has collapsed from within after Zulfikli Lubis' departure. Lubis himself is in the administration. With his rivals out of the way, the path is open for Suharto to claim Sukarno's legacy as his own - to continue Indonesia's struggle in his own way.

---

• Allohistorical Allusion: Just like in real life, the slaughter of multiple generals by rogue Presidential Guardsmen and the subsequent blaming of the incident on the Indonesian left can precede Suharto's rise to power.
• Ambition Is Evil: His apolitical stance is a public disguise of how ambitious he really is. The mask finally lets loose if the Indonesian War lasts long enough and he decides to take matters into his own hands.
• Chekhov's Gunman: He's a minor character in most of Indonesia's story, which is dissonant with his more significant role in the Duumvirate path.
• Enemy Mine: He and Lubis will join forces to take over Indonesia if the civil war isn't over in time. Suharto leads the duumvirate if socialists were blamed for a prior mutiny.
• Suspiciously Similar Substitute: Unlike his ally Lubis, who wants to do away with Sukarno for good, Suharto wants to inherit his legacy and mission of securing Indonesia's independence above all.
• You Are in Command Now: Suharto can take over the Republic if the Indonesian War lasts too long. If it happens, several generals in the Indonesian Armed Forces are killed by the Presidential Guard and the incident is blamed on left-wing terrorists, leading to violent purges against them that destabilize the Republic and Free Government. Losing control of the situation, Sukarno is forced to resign and hand the reins of power to Suharto, who will escalate the conflict to bring its end.

Zulkifli Lubis

Role: Head of State

Party: Dewan Militer Siliwangi^note Siliwangi Military Council, Pemerintah Penyelamatan dan Kesatuan Nasional - Klik Lubis^note Salvation Government of National Unity - Lubis Clique (Duumvirate)

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography (Duumvirate) ^{Click to Show} Zulkifli Lubis is a Dutch-trained military intelligence man, and the leader of the military technocracy in the Republic of Indonesia. Or at least that was what he was, until he reached an agreement with the Sumatran rebels to rise up against Sukarno's government.

Having joined Free Indonesia through a CIA-brokered agreement, Lubis' Siliwangi Division rose in revolt in Western Java, right next to Sukarno's HQ of Djakarta, and faced down a larger force. Surrounded by quantity, Lubis' quality-focussed military programs faced their ultimate test. The Siliwangi model was enough at least to secure the survival of Lubis and his men, but not to bring about an end to the War—and the passage of time only infuriated Lubis more and more.

Clearly, Hatta's lot had failed, and it was time for Lubis to make a play. Reneging on his deal with the Free Indonesians, Lubis began the process of returning peace to Indonesia his own way—by force, guile, and an unholy alliance with Suharto. Already some success has been seen; Sukarno has been deposed, and Lubis' own allies are taking control of the Indonesian government in Djakarta. All that remains for Lubis is to consolidate power.

In-Game Biography (Civil War Victory) ^{Click to Show} Had Zulkifli Lubis been told in 1955 that there would be a civil war in Indonesia in the next decade, that it would take so long a time that the original factions of the war would fall apart due to a lack of credibility, and that he, Lubis, would have to assume the duty of picking up the pieces that Hatta and Sukarno smashed all over the floor, the then-colonel would have spat all his coffee out.

Yet that was what Lubis had to experience. The war had dragged on too long; the nation was nearly unrecognisable, and the separatists and other subversives were gaining credibility. Hatta and Sukarno had to be done away with, especially as the latter's men pushed back against their removal from the halls of power in Djakarta. Now Lubis is firmly in control, and sits in Djakarta as the new President.

Zulkifli Lubis' task will be onerous, but his plans are clear: to define a new political order independent of talk of decentralisation and without preserving the legacy of Sukarno, and sculpt Indonesia's future with his own hands and his alone. The last decade has proven very clearly that no one else can be trusted with the responsibility.

---

• Chekhov's Gunman: He's introduced as one of the minor belligerents in the Indonesian War, but is actually one of two potential leaders in Indonesia's secret Duumvirate path.
• The Coup: If the Indonesian War drags on for too long, several radical soldiers incite a mutiny against their more moderate generals and fuel Sukarno's paranoia, leading him to kidnap and pardon Hatta in a desperate move to end the conflict. However, this paves the way for Lubis to march into Djarkarta and force Sukarno's resignation, deciding to end the civil war by his own hand.
• Defector from Decadence: If the Indonesian War lasts long enough, Lubis loses faith that the rebellion can succeed and works with Suharto to overthrow Sukarno, while Hatta is left powerless from his pardon. From there, Lubis becomes the Republic's new dictator and continues the war to consolidate his hold.
• Enemy Mine: After starting on opposite sides of the conflict, Lubis can form an unholy alliance with Suharto to take over Indonesia when news breaks of a mutiny and culminates in Sukarno's resignation. If the nationalists of the government are blamed for the incident, Lubis will lead the duumvirate between them
• Not in This for Your Revolution: He joins the rebellion out of frustration of Sukarno refusing to modernize the Indonesian army, not out of sympathy for their cause.
• Visionary Villain: Once he wins the Indonesian Civil War, Lubis sees himself as the only man fit to lead the country into the future and begins an ambitious mission of transforming it so that separatism will be virtually non-existent.

Abdul Harris Nasution

Role: Minister of Defense^note Security Minister (Sukarno cabinet), Head of State (Suharto defeated)

Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Fraksi Indonesia Raja^note Indonesian National Party - Great Indonesia Faction

Ideology: Corporatism^note Fascism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} To anyone closely following the Indonesian War, or otherwise familiar with the military history of the young Indonesian nation, the name of General Abdul Haris Nasution is very well-known. Nasution, a Dutch-trained military technocrat opposed to Sukarno's politicisation of the military, was a veteran of the Indonesian independence struggle, and later on of Hatta's rebellion against Sukarno's government.

That would have been the upper limit of Nasution's biography had Sukarno not been toppled by Suharto in Djakarta. The resulting chaos and purges of leftists did not just remove Sukarno's men and get rid of socialist influence—it cut the legs out from underneath Free Indonesia overnight, causing the rebellion to dissolve and Hatta to flee the country.

Not Nasution, however. He remained behind, leading the resistance against Suharto's New Order—and somehow or another threw him down by force of arms. Now he is President of Indonesia, and his duty is clear; the nation will not be safe until every sign of Suharto is rooted out of the Indonesian Archipelago.

In-Game Biography (Field Marshal) ^{Click to Show} Commander Abdul Haris Nasution is feared for his brutality among the rebel forces of Indonesia and even his own troops, and rightfully so. The terror he inflicts is that of a man who has a greater purpose for which he can do no wrong in service of. Everything he does is for Indonesia. Every village set aflame. Every rebel executed. Every order issued. All of it for Indonesia.

---

• Allohistorical Allusion: In real life, Nasution was a strong opponent of Suharto's New Order regime (after having fallen out of favour with him despite Nasution helping him come to power), in TNO, he opposes Suharto again but under radically different circumstances.
• Dark Horse Victory: Nasution ascending to power is one of the least likely outcomes of the civil war, requiring the war to escalate severely, allowing for a Suharto-led Duumvirate to coup the government and for the remaining rebel forces to defeat the central government from an increasingly untenable position.
• The Remnant: After Suharto's brutal purge of the rest of the Free Government, Nasution is the last surviving leader left, leading the remaining rebels in a desperate effort to achieve their goals.
• Revenge: He has not forgotten Suharto's violent crackdown of left-wing dissidents in his ascension to power. If a Suharto-led Duumvirate is defeated, Nasution will take over and stop at nothing to remove every sign of Suharto in the country.
• Walking Spoiler: Nasution’s ascent to power pretty much spoils the entire Duumvirate path.
• Well-Intentioned Extremist: Once he takes over Indonesia, Nasution declares that he will uproot Indonesia of any potential traitors who would dare threaten the movement, ultimately destroying Hatta's democratic experiment in the process.
• You Are in Command Now: After Hatta flees the country in a Duumvirate takeover, the remaining rebels turn to Nasution as their new leader.

Bambang Supeno

Role: Minister of Defence^note Security Minister (Sukarno cabinet), Head of State (Lubis defeated)

Party: Pemerintah Penyelamatan dan Kesatuan Nasional - Klik Suharto^note Salvation Government of National Unity - Suharto Clique

Ideology: Despotism, Military Junta^note Despotism (Lubis defeated)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Revenge is all that matters to General Bambang Supeno, after all that has happened to Indonesia and to his distant kinsman Sukarno.

This was not always the case. Supeno tolerated the rampant factionalism of pre-civil war Indonesia in the hope that, at the end of the day, Sukarno would see reason and elevate the spirit of the Indonesian people. But that was not even close to how it played out. Sukarno was thrown out by a putsch led by a rebel and an opportunist, handing the Indonesian nation over to the enthrallment of radicals and leftists—and then those two bastards had the gall to blame him, Supeno, for the avoidable chaos that resulted!

No wonder, then, that Supeno went to ground with the various right-wing resistance groups that remained after being framed in such a fashion. Leading these soldiers, he threw President Lubis out by force—and now, the new President has his own ideas about how to finally end Indonesia's era of chaos.

It is a terrible shame for Supeno's opponents, then, that all of these ideas involve violence.

In-Game Biography (Minister of Defence) ^{Click to Show} A distant relative of Sukarno himself, Bambang Supeno has always led a physical life. When his father died at 13, and he was raised by a single mother, Supeno threw himself whole-heartedly into the world of cricket, football, martial arts and scouting. A charismatic leader even then, when the Japanese first landed on Indonesian shores and ousted the Dutch colonisers, Supeno was elected as his high school's student leader inside the Student Council.

It was only natural that he came to lead men, much like himself. Joining the Pembela Tanah Air - or the Voluntary Defenders of the Homeland - a Japanese-organised and ran paramilitary force designed to assist the IJA in fighting off what remains of resistance still lay inside the Archipelago, it was here that Bambang Supeno tasted War for the first time. Dirty, blood and grime-encrusted and terrible, Supeno understood that in warfare, you can use the most high-tech weapons and bombs - they mean nothing if the men holding it don't know their place in the annals of History.

It was the fighting during both the awesome clash that was the Second World War and the National Revolution that convinced Bambang Supeno of a simple idea. Why shouldn't the military have more of a say in politics? Why condemn those who gave all they had in service of the Motherland, just because it doesn't conform to the rule of a few, pampered bureaucrats. Thousands sacrificed themselves in the most brutal war ever waged in these islands - their comrades should at least decide how they're remembered.

---

• Clashing Cousins: Downplayed. He's a distant cousin to Sukarno and, though Supeno remained loyal to him, he disapproved of his failure to mitigate the factionalism that plagued his regime.
• Dark Horse Victory: Supeno ascending to power is one of the least likely outcomes of the civil war, requiring the war to escalate severely, allowing for a Lubis-led Duumvirate to coup the government and for the remaining rebel forces to defeat the central government from an increasingly untenable position.
• Revenge: After being thrown under the bus by the Duumvirate, Supeno vows to punish everyone involved in Sukarno's resignation.
• The Scapegoat: When the Indonesian War turns for the worst on the Duumvirate, they try to pin the blame on Supeno. Obviously, Supeno didn't take this kindly and betrayed them in turn by overthrowing President Lubis.
• Walking Spoiler: Supeno’s ascent to power pretty much spoils the entire Duumvirate path.
• Well-Intentioned Extremist: After the years-long Indonesian War, all Supeno wants is for the chaos to end. Unfortunately, he uses his newfound presidential powers to do so violently.

Indonesian Civil War

Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia

East Java Emergency Government

Official Name: East Java Emergency Government

Ruling Party: Komando Daerah Militer V/Brawidjaja^note Military Regional Command V/Brawidjaja

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

---

• Bilingual Bonus: The text on their flag translates to "East Java" and "All Success Requires Sacrifice", telling their geographical location and espousing a common proverb in the region.
• Les Collaborateurs: The local governor, Wongsongnegoro, is shamelessly pro-Japanese, which makes the Emergency Government unpopular among the people, much to Sungkono's chagrin.
• Crippling Overspecialization: East Java has a mighty navy, but their weapons have relatively little use in a terrestrial battle and they must resort to other means if they are to survive.
• La Résistance: Their territory is plagued with guerrilla resistance fighters, which adds to their already precarious situation.

Sungkono

Role: Head of State

Party: Komando Daerah Militer V/Brawidjaja^note Military Regional Command V/Brawidjaja

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Having taken charge of a territory wracked with guerrilla activity, general Sungkono faces a difficult situation. Difficult not only because of the guerrillas' inflexibility, but also because of the local governor's very own, with governor Wongsonegoro's corporatist and enthusiastically pro-Japanese views not endearing him to the local populace. Such is the price of loyalty, it seems.

Cut off from Java, and with not much more than the common soldier's bravery to fight off the guerrillas and pacify the masses, the general has plenty of work to do: His biggest ally is undoubtedly the navy, but naval artillery can only do so much against the ABDR's repeated offensives, and a navy, as fierce and enthusiastic as it may be, can't win a war by itself. All in all, Sungkono is but a piece in the great game for Indonesia's soul, and he knows it all too well.

If all the common soldier has is his bravery, however, then the general shall lead by example. After all, who else can his men rely on, when Sukarno is so far away?

---

• A Father to His Men: With Sukarno cut off from their forces, Sungkono has assumed himself as the army's inspiration and leader, bravely deciding to lead them by example.
• Undying Loyalty: Sungkono joins Sukarto in the civil war out of pure loyalty, despite the hardship of becoming unpopular among the people in the process.

KODAM I/Bukit Barisan

Official Name: Komando Daerah Militer I/Bukit Barisan^Tr.Military Regional Command I/Bukit Barisan

Ruling Party: Komando Daerah Militer I/Bukit Barisan^note Military Regional Command I/Bukit Barisan

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

---

• Trapped Behind Enemy Lines: Lubis' army is surrounded by enemies from all sides, cut off from Sukarno's main forces. Their only hope is to withstand the coming onslaught and hope that Sukarno or Japan can save them in time.

Abdul Manaf Lubis

Role: Head of State

Party: Komando Daerah Militer I/Bukit Barisan^note Military Regional Command I/Bukit Barisan

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Being in charge of the fighting going on deep in the PRIM's birthplace is by no means an easy task, but if anyone can do it, it is Abdul Manaf Lubis.

Holding out in the hopes that Sukarno's central government can open a highway to the south of Sumatra via the key city of Palembang, which only survived the initial PRIM onslaught thanks to Japanese military bases, many within the 1st Regional Military Command think they are living on borrowed time. How long, they ask, before Japanese support finally arrives?

Despite all his military talent, Lubis does not know. And despite the might of his forces, he is well aware that the falcon cannot withstand the storm: as such, he can only make the best of a bad situation, and hope that the Emperor's supplies will arrive as soon as possible.

Whenever they do, however, the PRIM's days are numbered.

---

• Do Not Go Gentle: Isolated from his allies, Lubis recognizes how dire his situation is, but decides to make the best of his situation anyway and hope that luck comes to his side.

South Sulawesi Emergency Government

Official Name: South Sulawesi Emergency Government, Makassar Military Council (Jusuf)

Ruling Party: Kabinet Persatuan Sulawesi^note Sulawesi Unity Cabinet

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism

---

• Bilingual Bonus: Their geographical location "South Sulawesi" is also inscribed on their flag in Indonesian.
• Citadel City: Stuck in a vulnerable position, the pro-Sukarno forces in Makassar fortify the city they hold, only able to wait for Sukarno's rescue.
• Hold the Line: Pangerang's forces do their best to keep the rebels at bay, desperately waiting for Sukarno and his forces to relieve them.

Andi Pangerang

Role: Head of State

Party: Kabinet Persatuan Sulawesi^note Sulawesi Unity Cabinet

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Andi Pangerang, governor of South Sulawesi, stands in his fortified city of Makassar, waiting for the situation to eventually better itself, and for Sukarno's central government to emerge victorious. After all, it's only a matter of time, right?

With the Permesta's shadow looming menacingly from the north, and Islamic guerrillas causing their fair share of trouble, the Emergency Authority's pro-Sukarno's position is fragile, and albeit the situation has stabilized, most notably thanks to Permesta officer Jusuf's crucial defection, there's not much the governor can do but wait.

How much longer, however, can Makassar hold? And how much longer shall Sukarno take to save Indonesia? Day after day, as the devastation further engulfs the country, the governor wonders, and finds no answer; for what else can he do?

---

• Head-in-the-Sand Management: He doesn't play a proactive role in the Indonesian War because he's trying to convince himself that he just needs to hold his position and await for allies to rescue him.

Mohammad Jusuf

Role: Head of State (Pangerang succesion)

Party: Dewan Militer Makassar^note Makassar Military Council

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Once upon a time, Mohammad Jusuf was a general affiliated with the Permesta movement in Sulawesi. It was all very well and good when the movement was merely a peaceful assembly of military officers and whatnot attempting to prevent Sulawesi withering on the vine for lack of supply while being cut off from the halls of power.

But the chaos of the Indonesian War did more than any amount of Sukarno-aligned agitprop would have to shake his allegiances. Within a short period of time, it was clear to Muhammad Jusuf that he could tolerate no more; accordingly, he defected to the central government and served as the military chief of the South Sulawesi Emergency Authority until the fall of Makassar.

Makassar is lost and the whole region is in chaos. Andi Pangerang is missing, probably in rebel hands. All Muhammad Jusuf can do now, aside from questioning just where he went wrong, is lead the government remnants on Sulawesi and try his damndest to hold out in the few outlying towns and hamlets he still controls. It will not be easy, and Jusuf wishes he could get out of it by now, but what choice does he have? He made his own bed, and shall now lie in it.

---

• The Remnant: If Pangerang goes missing, Jusuf is thrust into the leadership of the remaining government forces on Sulawesi.
• Welcome Back, Traitor: Jusuf was formerly associated with the Permesta movement, but after the chaos of the Indonesian civil war, he defected back to the central government and served as the military chief of the South Sulawesi Emergency Authority.

Front Indonesia Merdeka

Free Government of the Republic of Indonesia

Official Name: Free Government of the Republic of Indonesia

Ruling Party: Gerakan Indonesia Merdeka^note Free Indonesia Movement

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism

A hastily-formed coalition of anti-Sukarno dissidents that seek to end Japanese rule in Indonesia.

---

• Bilingual Bonus: The Free Government of the Republic of Indonesia uses a flag with old Javanese text translating to "University in Diversity". Not only is this the national motto of Indonesia, it also reflects the eclectic nature of Hatta's coalition.
• Enemy Mine: Hatta's coalition consists of liberals, Islamists, communists and disgruntled generals, a grotesquerie of diverse factions only loosely unified by a hatred of Sukarno.
• Necessarily Evil:
  • Much as Hatta is reluctant to, the Free Government will have to make concessions and become more reliant to the PRIM military council because their soldiers are much better trained and fit to fight Sukarno's forces.
  • The Free Government is wary about being a proxy for the OFN during the Indonesian Civil War, knowing that they are doing it to get more connections into the region when they win. Nonetheless, they hesitantly accept their aid because Sukarno is the greater threat at that point.
• Rag Tag Bunch Of Misfits: The Free Indonesian forces are a chaotic mess of army defectors, militia men of varying quality, and inexperienced recruits, all with diverse tactics and military structures.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: The Free Government is filled with an assortment of cliques who want Sukarno gone and a stronger Constitution. Those are about the only things they can agree on and otherwise have a tense relationship with each other.

Mohammad Hatta

Role: Head of State

Party: Gerakan Indonesia Merdeka^note Free Indonesia Movement

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism, Transitioning Democracy^note Paternalism (Indonesian War victory)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Whether Mohammad Hatta was kidnapped or whether he joined the PRIM of his own free will shall be a riddle left to the ages, but what remains now is that he now stands as the face of Free Indonesia, both inside the archipelago and abroad. And yet, how did that come upon?

Once a trusted ally, friend, and confidante of Sukarno, Mohammad Hatta now stands as the President's greatest foe. No matter what anyone may claim, however, there was no other way. As soon as Sukarno's quest for national greatness turned into a vehicle for his personal prestige, someone had to rise up to protect what justice and fairness Indonesia had left ; and who else but Hatta could have done that?

Hatta's Free Indonesia Government, however, still carries the baggage of the machine gun. The influential Giyugun clique, deep in the Sumatran jungle, forms the backbone of the movement through military councils, and Hatta's dreams of a free republic will necessarily have to be achieved with their backing.\n\nHatta can only hope they will allow it.

In-Game Biography (Civil War Victory) ^{Click to Show} The war has been won, and Sukarno's name has been relegated to one of history's many prospective tyrants. Celebrations abound in the cities and in the countryside, and for the first time in what feels like forever, Indonesia is once again free.

Is that really the case, though?

Mohammad Hatta, behind the widespread euphoria, sees many of his erstwhile allies hungrily eyeing the Merdeka Palace, as the newly-invigorated republic's stability still hangs on a thread. After all, wartime allies are only valid as the conflict draws on, and ideological rivalries have a nasty habit of surging at the most inconvenient times: this, Hatta knows all too well.

Now, each and every one of the President's steps will have to be very careful ones, or else his grand vision of a democratic Indonesia shall fade away like dust in the wind. While he is no stranger to political intrigue, the very stakes of this "silent conflict", as some of his close advisors have taken to calling it, force Hatta to take it to the next level.

What does winning the war matter, if you end up losing the world?

---

• Ambiguous Situation: It's left unclear if Hatta was kidnapped and forced to lead the Free Government's rebellion or if he joined willingly. Whatever the case, Hatta accepts the role to fulfill his long-held dream of a free republic.
• Defector from Decadence: Even if he was forced into the role of a rebel leader, Hatta accepts his newfound position because he can no longer tolerate Sukarno's increasingly dictatorial practices.
• Good Old Ways: Hatta looks to the 1949 Parliamentary Constitution as an inspiration for Indonesia to aspire to, using it as a morale boost during the civil war.
• Pyrrhic Victory: If Hatta wins the Indonesian War, he can't savor his victory because he knows how fragile his newfound republic is. Everywhere, he sees potential traitors from his allies who threaten his democratic experiment, either to sate their ambition or one-up their ideological rivals. For the time being, Hatta remains wary and cautious of what the future may hold.
• The Quisling: Hatta was originally Sukarno's vice president and a Japanese collaborator who was fooled into thinking that Indonesia was independent and under Japanese guidance. Once Hatta begins witnessing Sukarno's increasingly despotic actions, he realizes that Indonesia really is a glorified puppet of Japan and joins the rebels during the Indonesian War.
• Rebel Leader: Hatta commands a coalition of resistance fighters seeking to overthrow Sukarno and end the Japanese rule.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here: If a Suharto-led Duumvirate takes over the Republic in wake of Sukarno's resignation, Hatta will flee the country, knowing that he's lost control of the situation.
• We Used to Be Friends: He was once a close ally with Sukarno, but their political disagreements of how the latter was ruling Indonesia strained that relationship, ultimately culminating in the two fighting each other in a civil war.

Islamic State of Indonesia

Official Name: Islamic State of Indonesia

Ruling Party: Darul Islam^note House of Islam

Ideology: Aristocratic Conservatism^note Despotism

---

• Allohistorical Allusion: Darul Islam was a prominent opposition group to Sukarno in OTL, fighting against the central government from 1949 to 1962 to establish an Islamic State. In TNO, they continue to oppose Sukarno, joining the Free Indonesian Uprising.
• The Theocracy: As the name implies, Sjariat Islam is the dominant religion of the state and fervently followed by their leader, Bureu'eh.

Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh

Role: Head of State

Party: Darul Islam^note House of Islam

Ideology: Aristocratic Conservatism^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} It was by the grace of Allah—glorified and sublime be He—that Aceh came into existence. It was by that same blessing that Daud Beureu'eh was permitted to assume responsibility for its welfare. It is by that exact same providence that Sukarno's folly has collapsed his rule over the northernmost tip of Sumatra, enabling true Islamic law—the noble Sjariat Islam—to return to Aceh Darussalam at long last.

Daud Beureu'eh was involved in political Islam well before the Second World War. Had Sukarno held on to power, that would have been Bereueh's permanent undoing after the war ended. Bereueh's insistence on the correctness of preserving the Syariat Islam above all else was anathema to Sukarno, who was too preoccupied with 'preserving power' and 'not dividing the nation while he centralised it'. Foolish, godless notions, of course.

In the end, Sukarno's folly caught up to him. The Free Indonesian Uprising provided Beureu'eh the opportunity he needed to restore divinely-ordained order to Aceh. While Hatta and Sukarno fight each other to the death, Beureu'eh will pay lip service to the former—but his true focus will be on making Aceh truly Darussalam once again, no matter the cost.

---

• Enemy Mine: Bureu'eh doesn't truly believe in Hatta's cause, as his true loyalty lies with Aceh and religion. Despite this, the two work together to bring down their mutual enemy, Sukarno.
• Turbulent Priest: He strongly protested Sukarno's secularization of Indonesia to centralize his power, motivating him to join Free Indonesia in the civil war.

PRIM Military Council

Official Name: Free Government of the Republic of Indonesia Military Council

Ruling Party: Dewan Militer Pemerintahan Republik Indonesia Merdeka^note Free Government of the Republic of Indonesia Military Council

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

---

• Les Collaborateurs: The Giyugun faction of Indonesia's army, which now control the Military Council, are made up of former Japanese collaborators.
• Bilingual Bonus: The Sanskrit text on their flag translates to "Unmatchable Bird with Noble Goals", which is a motto used by the Indonesian military.
• Realpolitik: When they were still ostensibly serving Japan, the Giyugun made secret deals with the OFN, selling them Indonesia's resources to keep themselves relevant as Sukarno lost favor with them.

Ahmad Husein

Role: Head of State

Party: Dewan Militer Pemerintahan Republik Indonesia Merdeka^note Free Government of the Republic of Indonesia Military Council

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Ahmad Husein, leader of the Giyugun faction of the Indonesian army—officers largely of Sumatran extraction, and formed out of the old Japanese-formed Giyugun—was not always in military rebellion against the Indonesian government.

At the beginning, when the Japanese came and put an end to the Dutch imperialism, he and Sukarno were on the same side. But twenty years of Sukarnoite rule led to an increasing loss of Sumatran autonomy and military supply in favour of the PETA officers in Djakarta. It also forced the Giyugun colonels to rely more and more on side-deals with India, Australia, and America for the abundant local copra and rubber, leveraging their position next to the Indian Ocean to their advantage.

Ahmad Husein came up with the very idea of using Hatta as Free Indonesia's figurehead. When Sukarno declared martial law, Husein entered into a deal with the military technocrats, the Special Forces rebels in Siliwangi, and the Permesta. With CIA backing and by exploiting Sutan Sjahrir's hatred for Sukarno, Hatta would be kidnapped and made into the leader of a new Indonesia.

It was done, and now Husein moves to the next task: that of fighting on until Sukarno is no more. The copra and rubber shall flow, and the forces of Sumatra and its Giyugun will put an end to the Karnoite misrule.

---

• Defector from Decadence: He used to be a collaborator, like Sukarno, but as the latter cracked down on Sumatran autonomy and played favorites with the PETA officers of Djarkata, Husein loses faith in his old service and joins Hatta's rebellion.
• Small Role, Big Impact: He's one of the many minor belligerents in the Indonesia War, but he played a key role in starting the war. Using his CIA contacts and manipulating Sutan Sjahrir's enmity with Sukarno, Husein had Hatta kidnapped and installed as leader of Free Indonesia, pitting him against Sukarno and his loyalists.

Siliwangi Military Council

Official Name: Siliwangi Military Council

Ruling Party: Dewan Militer Siliwangi^note Siliwangi Military Council

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

---

• Bilingual Bonus: The flag's Sanskrit translates to "Unmatchable Bird with Noble Goals", a motto used by the Indonesian military.
• Quantity Versus Quality: Right next to numerically superior armies in Sukarno's headquarters, the Siliwangi army must rely on their better trained soldiers to make-up for the unbalanced odds.

Zulkifli Lubis

Role: Head of State

Party: Dewan Militer Siliwangi^note Siliwangi Military Council, Pemerintah Penyelamatan dan Kesatuan Nasional - Klik Lubis^note Salvation Government of National Unity - Lubis Clique (Duumvirate)

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Zulkifli Lubis is a Dutch-trained military intelligence man, and the leader of the military technocracy in the Republic of Indonesia. Or at least that was what he was, until he reached an agreement with the Sumatran rebels to rise up against Sukarno's government.

It made sense that Lubis would seize such an opportunity. After all, he had been shouting into a void for years about the need to professionalise and train the Indonesian armed forces to a higher standard than the mere politicised entity they were from the outset. Though that failed, Lubis takes comfort in the fact that he and General Abdul Haris Nasution were at least able to lead a proper military formation themselves—the Siliwangi Division, one of the few divisions in the military formed according to Lubis and Nasution's model.

But now such matters are mere foibles compared to the task that Lubis faces. Having joined the rebels through a CIA-brokered agreement, the Siliwangi Division has risen in revolt in Western Java, right next to the capital of Djakarta and surrounded on all sides by Sukarno's forces. Surrounded by quantity, Lubis' quality-focussed military programs will now face their ultimate test.

See his entry in the Duumvirate scenario section. Will contain unmarked spoilers!

People's Democratic Armed Forces

Official Name: People's Democratic Armed Forces

Ruling Party: Angkatan Bersendjata Demokrasi Rakjat - Front Demokrasi Rakjat^note People's Democratic Armed Forces - People's Democratic Front

Ideology: Revolutionary Front^note Socialism

---

• Chummy Commies: They are the only socialist rebel group that has fought against the Japanese collaborators long before the Indonesian War even starts.
• La Résistance: Active since the end of World War II, Sjariffudin's rebels have been quietly opposing Sukarno's regime and awaited an opportunity to depose him, which finally comes during the Indonesian War.

Amir Sjariffudin

Role: Head of State

Party: Angkatan Bersendjata Demokrasi Rakjat - Front Demokrasi Rakjat^note People's Democratic Armed Forces - People's Democratic Front

Ideology: Revolutionary Front^note Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} It is the solemn duty of Amir Sjarifuddin Harahap to lead the Angkatan Bersendjata Democrasi Rakjat—the People's Democratic Armed Forces, which are the only socialist rebel group operating in the present Indonesian conflict.

One would not expect a man like Sjarifuddin to be leading socialist rebels. He was, after all, a member of the previous landed elite that once owned everything the Dutch didn't own on the island of Java. His aristocratic background helped him get an education at the then-prestigious University of Leiden, which should have theoretically been another contraindication. But in the end all that was no impediment to Sjarifuddin's eventual socialist awakening, which inspired him to serve as a left-wing journalist for years in pre-war Indonesia.

During the Second World War, Sjarifuddin fought against the Japanese; obviously, when that war ended in a Japanese victory, he was persona non grata ever since. But that was not enough to bring Sjarifuddin down; rather than capitulate, he continued to mobilise support in Java right under Sukarno's nose. The chaos of Sukarno's martial law, combined with the Free Indonesian revolt, gave Sjarifuddinthe perfect opportunity to carve out a socialist power-base in Central Java—and he will take that opportunity with both hands.

---

• Modest Royalty: He was born to the aristocratic class when the Dutch still owned Indonesia, but he never lost his sympathy for the common people and eventually became a left-wing journalist of his own choice.
• Rebel Leader: Sjarfuddin fought the Japanese invaders during World War II and has not given up his mission of liberation since.

South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unit

Official Name: South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unit

Ruling Party: Kesatuan Gerilya Sulawesi Selata^note South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unit

Ideology: Fundamentalism^note Ultranationalism

---

• Paper Tiger: They're fierce fighters, but their isolation from OFN aid and the resource deposits of Permesta make them incredibly vulnerable. The only reason they have any chance of survival is because Sukarno's forces in Makassar are just as weak.
• La Résistance: They are one of the largest rebel cells in Sulawesi, which serves as their main base of operations during the civil war.

Abdul Kahar Muzakkar

Role: Head of State

Party: Kesatuan Gerilya Sulawesi Selata^note South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unit

Ideology: Fundamentalism^note Ultranationalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} The tale of Robin Hood has been redundant in South Sulawesi for at least as long as Abdul Kahar Muzakkar, the notorious brutalizer of landlords adored by the local peasantry for that tendency as well as his anti-feudal Islamist socialism, has led his guerrilla units in the area. These men and their supporters form the South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unit, an Islamist organization opposed to the Djakarta government and its hangers-on on Sulawesi.

As Sukarno's government collapsed, the SSGU took the opportunity to attempt a violent takeover in Makassar, the main city of Sulawesi—only to be driven back over time as the South Sulawesi Emergency Authority, Sukarno's local catspaw, reconsolidated its position. Despite this setback, Muzakkar's movement represents the second main Free Indonesian grouping fighting in Sulawesi; however, lacking the Papuan or OFN resources that Permesta has access too, they are in a far more perilous state.

That problem has made Muzakkar's dream—that of an Islamic state with socialist elements in Indonesia, free of Dutch, Japanese, Javanese, or American influence—become more and more of a back-burner matter as the conflict over Sulawesi increasingly resembles a struggle for mere survival. The only immediate relief Muzakkar can find right now, aside from the protection of Allah, is the fact that Sukarno's Makassar puppets are just as desperate as he is.

---

• The Dreaded: Much as he is beloved by the peasants, Muzakkar is feared for his merciless attacks on the landlord class.
• The Fundamentalist: His anti-feudal Islamic ideology motivates his brutal attacks on the feudal lords of Indonesia and his religion is a coping mechanism for the desperate situation he finds himself in during the civil war.
• Occupiers Out of Our Country: He wants all foreigners to stop meddling in Indonesia's affairs, whether they be Dutch, Japanese, or American.
• Realpolitik: Though he despises foreign interference in the Indonesian War, he tolerate it for the time being because he's got bigger issues to worry about.
• Rebel Leader: Muzakkar is well-renowned as a guerrilla leader who has waged war against Indonesia's landlords and joins the rebellion in overthrowing Sukarno during the Indonesian War.

Permesta Military Council

Official Name: Permesta Military Council

Ruling Party: Dewan Militer Permesta^note Permesta Military Council

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

---

• Bilingual Bonus: The two text on their flag translate to "Raise Your Sword" and "Universal Struggle Charter", representing their opposition to the Sukarno regime.
• Internal Reformist: Permesta was an internal faction of Sukarno's regime that peacefully advocated reformation from the government's autocratic structure. They only turned violent when Sukarno expelled them, but even so, they still advocate a reconciliatory attitude towards his regime rather than tearing everything down.

Ventje Sumual

Role: Head of State

Party: Dewan Militer Permesta^note Permesta Military Council

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} When the Japanese helped Sukarno set up a free government, soldiers like Ventje Sumual eagerly looked forward to a new, Dutch-free era for the Indonesian islands. That dream persisted for about a decade, until 1953, when Sukarno centralised power upon himself and allowed the Japanese to attain economic dominance over Indonesia.

The response to that in North Sulawesi was the Permesta—Perjuangan Alam Semesta, or Universal Struggle—movement which fought to obtain a fairer distribution of materials and an end to Sukarno's Java-centred government shutting them out of power. At first this struggle was peaceful, until Sukarno declared martial law; then Permesta, seeing no peaceful way out of the long-brewing conflict, joined the Sumatran rebellion in open revolt as part of the Free Indonesian movement.

Ventje and Permesta are not secessionists by any means; their desire is not the destruction of Indonesia but its fundamental reform and the shaking-off of the Japanese yoke. This makes them an ideal route for the Americans and Australians to interfere by—but they do well to beware of Ventje's prickliness in their dealings with him.

---

• Extreme Doormat: Subverted. Despite his more moderate stance against Sukarno, Ventje is no appeaser and quite apprehensive of becoming a potential OFN puppet.
• Horrible Judge of Character: He was convinced to collaborate with Japan out of genuine belief in pan-Asianism. Unfortunately for him, that belief was shattered when Sukarno became an autocrat and opened Indonesia to Japanese exploitation.
• Reasonable Authority Figure: Despite running the Permesta-Perjuangan Alam Semesta in opposition to Sukarno's rule, Ventje did not want violence and peacefully criticized the dictators' actions. He only resorted to violence when Sukarno declared martial law and left him no choice but to join Free Indonesia's rebellion.

Neutrals

DI Jogjakarta

Official Name: Special Region of Jogjakarta

Ruling Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Persatuan Nasional^note Indonesian National Party - National Unity

Ideology: Social Nationalism^note Paternalism

---

• Bilingual Bonus: In addition to "Yogyakarta", their flag also has Javanese text translating to "With a sense of joy to build a good and safe Special Region of Yogyakarta that continues to stand independent". The text holds special meaning in this timeline, since DI Jogjakarta is the only neutral belligerent in the Indonesian Civil War.
• Realpolitik: The Jogjakarta Sultanate has always been a pragmatic kind, willing to submit to Dutch and Japanese occupation to keep some semblance of autonomy.
• Team Switzerland: Jogjakarta has no stake in the Indonesian War and remains entirely neutral throughout the conflict.

Hamengkubuwono IX

Role: Head of State

Party: Partai Nasional Indonesia - Persatuan Nasional^note Indonesian National Party - National Unity

Ideology: Social Nationalism^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Most idiosyncratic and tenacious out of all regions in Indonesia is the region of Jogjakarta in Southern Java. By the shrewdness of nine successive sultans, all with the royal title Hamengkubuwono, the Sultanate survived both Dutch colonial and Japanese imperial rule as a semi-independent polity; in the current régime, Jogjakarta maintains its status, recognizing the sovereignty and suzerainty of the Indonesian government.

Hamengkubuwono IX, born Gusti Raden Mas Dorodjatun, is the Sultan of this unique polity. Though educated in the West, Hamengkubuwono's position was always to position himself as a native of Java first; this served him in good stead both under the Japanese and Sukarno's post-Japanese government. The Sultan is a canny man. When he was young, he thumbed his nose at the Dutch East Indies government and defied the local governors to their faces. When the Japanese occupied Indonesia he defied them too, and when they left he willingly defied even Sukarno himself.

Now Indonesia burns, and Jogjakarta has exercised its unique privileges and identity to stay out of the fighting as much as possible. But surely the Sultan, who was bold and caring enough to foil Japanese plans to turn his subjects into romusha labourers during the war, is not indifferent to the suffering the war inflicts as time wears on.

---

• Beneath the Mask: Despite his public declarations of neutrality, Hamengkubuwono IX is implied to feel despair from seeing his country get torn apart in a bloody civil war.
• But Not Too Foreign: Hamengkubuwono IX was educated in the West, but he's put extensive effort into presenting himself as native from Java.
• Only Known by Their Nickname: His birth name is Gusti Raden Mas Dorodjatun, but everyone calls him by his honorific out of respect.
• Legacy Character: A long line of sultans of the Jogjakarta Sultanate have been named Hamengkubuwono, with the name now passed to its ninth incarnation.
• Royals Who Actually Do Something: Though he's collaborated with both the Japanese and Sukarno, Hamengkubuwono IX went out of his way to reduce their abuses on his people, refusing to turn them into romusha laborers or suffer in other ways.

---