Animal Nemesis: It's practically the textbook for this trope.
Or its subversion, in that Ahab's rage has since become stock metaphor for revenge-seeking rage that defies merely human attempts to control or stop it.
Annoying Arrows: Moby Dick's hide is covered in leftover harpoons from failed attempts to bag him.
"He's killed himself," she cried. "It's unfort'nate stiggs done over again - there goes another counterpane - god pity his poor mother! - it will be the ruin of my house. Has the poor lad a sister? Where's that girl? - there, Betty, go to Snarles the Painter, and tell him to paint me a sign, with - "no suicides permitted here, and no smoking in the parlor;" - might as well kill both birds at once."
Author Filibuster: Melville looooooves whaling. They're the frontiersmen of the generation; the equivalent of cowboys and astronauts.
TheTrope Codifier of all self-destructive forms. Being accused of being Captain Ahab means that unless a character changes their chosen course, and quickly, they are going to destroy themselves... and everyone under his command.
Gentle Giant: Queequeg. He's a brawny cannibal prince from the South Sea islands who's covered in tribal tattoos, has his teeth filed to look like fangs, and is deadly accurate with his harpoon (which doubles as a razor for shaving). So what's his favorite pastime besides peddling shrunken heads in the street? Snuggling up with his best buddy Ishmael. D'awwwwwwww.
Almost forgetting for the moment all thoughts of Moby Dick, we now gazed at the most wondrous phenomenon which the secret seas have hitherto revealed to mankind. A vast pulpy mass, furlongs in length and breadth, of a glancing cream-color, lay floating on the water, innumerable long arms radiating from its centre, and curling and twisting like a nest of anacondas, as if blindly to clutch at any hapless object within reach. No perceptible face or front did it have; no conceivable token of either sensation or instinct; but undulated there on the billows, an unearthly, formless, chance-like apparition of life.
As with a low sucking sound it slowly disappeared again, Starbuck still gazing at the agitated waters where it had sunk, with a wild voice exclaimed — "Almost rather had I seen Moby Dick and fought him, than to have seen thee, thou white ghost!"
Ludicrous Precision: The question of whether the whale's spout is water or vapour has lasted from the beginning of history down to "this blessed minute (fifteen and a quarter minutes past one o'clock P.M. of this sixteenth day of December, A.D. 1851)"
Pet the Dog: Ahab and Pip in Chapter 125, "The Log and Line".
Power Born of Madness: "If such a furious trope may stand, his special lunacy stormed his general sanity, and carried it, and turned all its concentred cannon upon its own mad mark; so that far from having lost his strength, Ahab, to that one end, did now possess a thousand fold more potency than ever he had sanely brought to bear upon any one reasonable object."—Chapter 33.
Rage Against the Heavens: Ahab. The author directly states that Ahab has come to project all of the evil in the world onto Moby Dick, as if the white wale is the living personification of evil and bad fortune. Ahab himself acknowledges that he hates the whale that crippled him not so much as a mere whale, but for what it represents: bad luck, fate, the harsh nature of a post-Eden fallen world, whatever you want to call it. Ahab's anger, as the author put it, is the sum total of all of the anger of humanity going back to when Adam was kicked out of the Garden of Eden, anger at an imperfect world in which bad things can happen. Ahab sees the white whale as the living personification of all of this, and thus, something in the flesh which he can actually fight and kill.
Revenge Before Reason: Quoth Starbuck — "Vengeance on a dumb brute! That simply smote thee from blindest instinct! Madness!"
Fridge Brilliance: Retorts Ahab — "Talk not to me of blasphemy, man! I'd strike *the sun* if it insulted me! For if the sun could do that, then I could do the other."
Ripped from the Headlines: The whale was based off of a similarly destructive whale named Mocha Dick that plagued Bermuda.
The events depicted in The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex were another major inspiration.
Science Marches On: While the author was very knowledgeable about cetology, some "facts" he used have since been proven to be inaccurate.
"Be it known that, waiving all argument, I take the good old fashioned ground that the whale is a fish."
He also mentions phrenology and physiognomy, both now considered pseudosciences.
Shown Their Work: Cetology and all aspects of whale fishing; All, I say. But they're interesting.
Remove the even-numbered chapters, and you've got an encyclopedia of whaling. Remove the odd-numbered chapters, and you've got an adventure story. And that story still has a bit of the encyclopedia.
Justified. "Avast" is an actual period nautical command, and it (and a few others) are used correctly in the story.
The Man With No Name: Ishmael, if one interprets "Call me Ishmael" to imply that this is not his true name.
Truth in Television: Believe it or not, this book was based very heavily on a true story. Although, the story of Moby-Dick is quite a "softened" version of the actual events — the real tale is far more gruesome and chilling. Read for yourself. Also, it should be noted the angry ship-sinking cetacean was actually a sperm whale.
Chapter XLV of the novel itself cites the real-life story as evidence that a sperm whale can indeed sink a ship.
Tragic Hero: Ahab really doesn't seem to be a bad captain, certainly better than the captain in the story within the story whom could have ended a mutiny merely by promising to not abuse his men any more but refuses out of pride. He simply suffers from a Fatal Flaw of becoming obsessed with vengeance.
Ahab even has a wife and son at home, though he mentions them only once, so everyone else who's ever read the book (except Sena Naslund, author of the novel Ahab's Wife) might be forgiven for forgetting that.
Viewers Are Morons: Why Ishmael goes into all the technical aspects of whaling and ships; it's assumed (rightly or wrongly) that most readers don't know about that stuff.
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