Miscarriages of Justice where an innocent person is falsely convicted of a crime in Anime and Manga.
- This trope is what starts the plot of Deadman Wonderland. A high-schooler is accused of murdering his entire class, when in fact he was deliberately left alive and framed as the only survivor.
- A twist occurs in Fullmetal Alchemist, when Lt. Maria Ross is accused of murdering Lt. Col. Hughes. She's not allowed to present the evidence that proves her innocence because it involves the testimony of her parents, whom she was visiting at the time of the murder, and family members aren't allowed to testify. Her partner Sgt. Brosh is also not allowed to speak on her behalf. She's confident that justice will still carry the day, though... until she's informed that it's been reported in the newspaper that she was convicted while she's still awaiting trial.
- In JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Jolyne Kujoh winds up in the Green Dolphin prison because of this. Her boyfriend commits a hit-and-run, which she agrees to keep quiet about; he then reports the car stolen and bribes Jolyne's lawyer to provide false information about the terms of her plea bargain (she thought she'd get less than five years after a grace period, and ended up with fifteen). She wasn't even aware that the victim was dead until her sentencing. It turns out to be part of a larger frame-up by the Big Bad to get at her father, although neither her boyfriend nor the lawyer was directly involved with the ones behind it.
- This happens a lot in One Piece; in order to have sympathetic pirate protagonists, there have to be not just evil pirates, but also corrupt law officials or nobility in order to justify the heroes' law-breaking.
- In the backstory for the Skypiea Arc, historical explorer Montblanc Noland reportedly found a city of gold on one of his voyages. His king was very eager to see it for himself, and insisted Noland lead a second expedition consisting of the king's personal army. By the time they got there, the city, and the piece of island it was on, was gone. Rather than accept the rational explanation that there might have been a disaster that destroyed the city, the king held a Kangaroo Court and had Noland imprisoned for fraud. The result was that Noland became the figure of a Crying Wolf fable, and his descendants would be ridiculed through the ages. The city was actually blasted into Skypiea by a powerful geyser. Luffy proves its existence by ringing the city's ceremonial bell while defeating the Big Bad.
- In Franky's backstory, Franky's teacher Tom was framed for a terrorist attack by espionage agents so they could interrogate him over the blueprints for an ancient superweapon he possessed. Tom had the last laugh, however- he saw the treachery coming and passed the blueprints on to his students, and they eventually destroyed them.
- This happens to Naofumi Iwatani, the titular protagonist of The Rising of the Shield Hero franchise. In Volume 1, his former companion, Malty Melromarc, falsely accused him of trying to rape her, which resulted in the Shield Hero becoming a pariah. Later on, she and the Church of the Three Heroes not only accused Naofumi of kidnapping the Kingdom's princess but of using a brainwashing shield to make people follow/help him. Needless to say, Naofumi did none of these things.
