The deities and mythological characters of the Mayans (aka the Maya people) in Central America. They predate the more popular Aztec deities and while there are some simularities there are also plenty of differences. Plenty of knowledge about the ancient pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures and civilizations has been lost due to being destroyed by Spanish conquistadors hence why much of the information here is minimal and speculative. Please contribute if you happen to be more versed about these.
Yucatec (Classic)
Akhushtal, which means "Our Mother" was closely associated with those deities concerned with fertility and childbirth. Ak Na'ak or "Akna" is a title applied to among other goddesses including Akhushtal.
- God of the Moon: Is one of the many goddesses associated with the moon.
- Mother Goddess: Akhushtal is the primary Maya goddess of motherhood.
Bacab is the generic Yucatec Maya name for the four prehispanic aged deities of the interior of the earth and its water deposits. The Bacabs have more recent counterparts in the lecherous, drunken old thunder deities of the Gulf Coast regions. The Bacabs are also referred to as Pauahtuns.
- The Four Gods: They represent the four cardinal directions while being associated with different colors and years- Cauac (the West and Black), Muluc (the East and Red), Kan (the South and Yellow) and Ix (the North and White). This makes them simular to the later Four Tezcatlipocas of the Aztecs.
- Load-Bearing Hero: They held the entire sky and cosmos akin to the titan Atlas. The concept of four gods and/or supernatural beings holding up the heavens in the four corners of the world also is present in other mythologies.
Buluc Chabtan is the god of war, violence and death to whom human beings were sacrificed regularly. In the Dresden Codices he is depicted as being eaten by maggots. He is further depicted setting homes on fire, killing people, and roasting them on skewers over a fire.
- Arson, Murder, and Jaywalking: Besides the above he was also a god of gambling.
- War God: This goes hand in hand with War Is Hell since he was considered a bloodthirsty god of violence and human sacrifice.
Chaac is the supreme god of storms and rain who was associated with agriculture and fertility. He was known as the Lord of the Rains and Winds that maintained important water sources such as cenotes, wells, streams, and springs. He was widely popular and prayers and sacrifices were frequently offered to court his favor and that of the four, lesser, chacs. A lord of the sky, he was the sworn enemy of Camazotz of Xibalba and was thought of as a caring, if unpredictable, deity.
- Arch-Enemy: He is this to Camazotz, symbolizing the sky/heaven versus the earth/underworld.
- Happy Rain: He is the god of the life-giving and life-sustaining aspects of rain, rather than the melancholy.
- Shock and Awe: He is the God of Thunder for the Mayans.
Chak Ek is the god of the morning star, who rose from the underworld to the surface of the eastern sea and on into the heavens. His brother K’in Ahaw, the sun, followed. Though Chak Ek’ had risen first, K’in Ahaw outshone him, and the resentful Chak Ek’ descended back to the underworld to plot against his brother and his allies.
- Cain and Abel: The Cain to his brother's Abel. Granted, this is used to explain why the Sun is bigger than Venus and shines brighter than its second closest planet.
- Light Is Not Good: Chak Ek is the god of the planet Venus and just about as evil as that other guy associated with the morning star, seething over his brother's brilliance and routinely murdering other gods, causing warfare, starvation and social unrest on earth.
Hunab Ku is a colonial period Yucatec Maya reducido term meaning "The One God". It is used in colonial, and more particularly in doctrinal texts, to refer to the Christian God. Since the word is found frequently in the Chilam Balam of Chumayel, a syncretistic document heavily influenced by Christianity, it refers specifically to the Christian god as a translation into Maya of the Christian concept of one God, used to enculturate the previously polytheist Maya to the new religion.
- Bit Character: The amount of things we know about him besides possibly being the oldest and supreme god are almost zero considering he's primordial and there isn't much surviving records about him. Either that or the below trope.
- Hijacked by Jesus: Hunab Ku is very possibly an invention of Spanish conquistadors used to convert the Mayas into Christianity.
- Powers That Be: He is invisible and without form but can be apprehended through his aspect in the god Itzamna, referred to as his child. Some inscriptions refer to Hunab Ku as "The Eyes and Ears of the Sun" in substantiating the claim that, like the Christian god, he is ubiquitous and knows all.
- Top God: Besides Itzamna (who is stated to be his son), he's one of the few Maya gods which could qualify for this. Emphasis on "could", since there isn't much preserved knowledge about pre-Christian Mayans.
Hunahpu and Xbalanque (also spelled as Ixbalanque) are the Maya Hero Twins, which are the central figures of a narrative included within the colonial Kʼicheʼ document called Popol Vuh, and constituting the oldest Maya myth to have been preserved in its entirety. Ascending from Xibalba, they meant to stop in the middle world of the earth but continued climbing up the World Tree and into paradise where, even then, they desired to climb higher and so became the sun and the moon (in another version the gods reward them for their victory by turning them into the sun and the moon). The Hero Twins have been thought to represent the legitimacy of the Maya ruling class, though this theory has been disputed. There is no doubt that their story was very popular among the Maya as the twins are depicted in art work throughout the region, often playing their famous game. Based upon these paintings, it seems clear there were many tales concerning the hero twins which have been lost and the Popol Vuh is the only surviving text of their story.
- Losing Your Head: Poor Hunahpu... His fate became the mythological basis of the Maya ball game.
- Red Oni, Blue Oni: The earliest recorded version of this are the Mayan stories of Hunhapu (Blue) and Xbalanque (Red) in the Popol Vuh and in Mayan stelas (some dating back to at least 200 CE
and potentially even dating back to Olmec iconography), making this trope in both the Americas at least Older Than Feudalism.
Among the Classic Mayas, the Howler Monkey God was a major deity of the arts—including music—and a patron of the artisans, especially of the scribes and sculptors. As such, his sphere of influence overlapped with that of the Tonsured Maize God. The monkey patrons—there are often two of them—have been depicted on classical vases in the act of writing books (while stereotypically holding an ink nap) and carving human heads. Together, these two activities may have constituted a metaphor for the creation of mankind, with the book containing the birth signs and the head the life principle or 'soul', an interpretation reinforced by the craftsman titles of the creator gods in the Popol Vuh.
- Heel–Face Turn: After being turned into monkeys, Hun Batz and his brother Hun Cheuen usually became humbled and no longer stirred trouble, going on to become respected Gods of Arts and Music.
- Maniac Monkeys: Initially played straight because of their antagonism with the Hero Twins.
Itzamna is an upper god and creator deity thought to reside in the sky. Itzamna is one of the most important gods in the Classic and Postclassic Maya pantheon. Although little is known about him, scattered references are present in early-colonial Spanish reports (relaciones) and dictionaries. Twentieth-century Lacandon lore includes tales about a creator god (Nohochakyum or Hachakyum) who may be a late successor to him. In the pre-Spanish period, Itzamna was often depicted in books and in ceramic scenes derived from them.
- Cool Old Guy: He is depicted as an elderly man when in human form, which doubles as Grandpa God.
- God Is Good: Considered the founder of the Maya culture, patron and protector of priests and scribes. Like Gucumatz, he taught the people the arts of literacy, medicine, science, art, sculpture, and agriculture. He created and ordered the calendar and instructed humans in the proper cultivation of maize and cacao. He is a creator and healer who can even resurrect the dead.
- Reptiles Are Abhorrent: Averted, he is a benevolent mage god associated with iguanas and once depicted as a terrestrial crocodile.
- Top God: He is the likeliest candidate for this trope in the Mayan pantheon... which isn't saying much given the lack of evidence.
Ixchel is known popularly today as "the rainbow goddess" because her name could be translated as "Lady Rainbow", she is associated with many different aspects of life and cosmology. Although images of her in modern times almost universally depict her as an attractive young woman with long, dark hair seated on, or near, a rainbow, the ancient Maya images consistently portray her as an old, plump woman with sharp features and jaguar ears, often wearing a headpiece with a live serpent springing forth and carrying a water jug. Ixchel has been associated with the so-called 'goddess O' of the Dresden Codex, obviously a rain deity, and so is thought to be a goddess of the rain, perhaps a consort of Chaac. She is, however, also associated with war as she is sometimes depicted in ancient images with claws and surrounded by or adorned with bones. Diego de Landa reported that she was the "goddess of making children" and also of medicine. Evidence suggests that Daykeepers and physicians consulted with Ixchel in their arts but, at the same time, she is associated through other evidence with the moon and mutability and, further, with weaving and the arts. According to a Verapaz myth, she was the consort of Itzamna and bore him thirteen sons. Whatever her main provenance was, it is certain that she was greatly venerated by women and, especially, those who were pregnant or wished to become so. Her shrine on the island of Cozumel was extremely popular and became one of the most important pilgrimage sites for the ancient Maya.
- Renaissance Man: Justified as she was a goddess, but Ixchel had plenty of domains- healing, war, baths, childbirth, midwifery, weaving, arts and crafts, female beauty, the moon, rainbows, water and possibly others.
- The Hecate Sisters: The goddess of fertility and healing, Ix Chel takes three forms (although she is most frequently seen in her Crone form). She is a young woman with a snake on her head, who practices medicine, a slightly older woman holding a rabbit (a symbol of fertility), who has taken time off from her career as a healer to focus on her family, and an old woman pouring out water, and going back to her career as a healer.
Kʼawiil is a Maya deity identified with lightning, serpents, fertility and maize. He is characterized by a zoomorphic head, with large eyes, long, upturned snout and attenuated serpent tooth. A torch, stone celt, or cigar, normally emitting smoke, comes out of his forehead, while a serpent leg represents a lightning bolt. In this way, Kʼawiil personifies the lightning axe both of the rain deity and of the king as depicted on his stelae.
- God of Thunder: He is the Anthropomorphic Personification of a thunder bolt.
- Ninja Pirate Zombie Robot: His description is pretty weird and is made up of several aspects that don't fit together.
Kinich Ahau is the 16th-century Yucatec name of the Maya sun god, designated as God G when referring to the codices. In the Classic period, God G is depicted as a middle-aged man with an aquiline nose, large square eyes, cross-eyed, and a filed incisor in the upper row of teeth. Usually, there is a k'in ('sun')-infix, sometimes in the very eyes. Among the southern Lacandons, Kinich Ahau continued to play a role in narrative well into the second half of the twentieth century.
- God of Light: The primary sun god that governs over daylight.
- Healer God: He was a god of healing and medicine.
- Light Is Not Good: Kinich Ahau the sun god is mostly benevolent, but his marriage with the moon goddess Ix Chel was abusive, culminating with him scarring her face.
- Power of the Sun: His primary aspect was being a solar god known as "Face of the Sun".
The Maya death gods, known by a variety of names, are two basic types of death gods who are respectively represented by the 16th-century Yucatec deities Hunhau and Uacmitun Ahau mentioned by Spanish Bishop Landa. Hunhau is the lord of the Underworld. Iconographically, Hunhau and Uacmitun Ahau correspond to the Gods A and A' ("A prime"). In recent narratives, particularly in the oral tradition of the Lacandon people, there is only one death god (called "Kisin" in Lacandon), who acts as the antipode of the Upper God in the creation of the world and of the human body and soul. This death god inhabits an Underworld that is also the world of the dead. As a ruler over the world of the dead (Metnal or Xibalba), the principal death god corresponds to the Aztec deity Mictlantecuhtli. The Popol Vuh has two leading death gods, but these two are really one: Both are called "Death," but while one is known as "One Death," the other is called "Seven Death." They were vanquished by the Hero Twins.
- Dark Is Not Evil: Interestingly, the Lords of Xibalbá are associated with darkness and play an antagonistic role, but they aren't as explicitly evil as Vucub-Caquix. This is because they represent death and illness, hence they are hateful but never killed, as opposed to the severe punishment of Vucub-Caquix and their offspring.
- Everybody Hates Hades: Played dead straight with Ah Puch who has always been a malevolent evil god of the Underworld that Mayans avoided and hated for good reasons since times old.
Yopaat was an important Maya storm god in the southern Maya area that included the cities of Copán and Quiriguá during the Classic period of Mesoamerican chronology (c. 250–900 AD). Yopaat was closely related to Chaac, the Maya rain god. Yopaat is depicted as bearing a flint weapon that represents a thunderbolt. Yopaat was held responsible for especially violent lightning storms, that were believed to cause earthquakes. He was often represented with a snake in place of one leg, demonstrating a close relationship with Kʼawiil, another Maya deity with similar attributes.
- Psycho Electro: Yopaat was held responsible for especially violent lightning storms, that were believed to even cause earthquakes.
- Weather Manipulation: Decipherment of a hieroglyphic text found at Palenque has resulted in the suggestion that Yopaat was associated with mist that forms before rainfall. The name of the deity was frequently used as a part of the names of the kings of the Quiriguá dynasty, and it is likely that Yopaat was the patron god of the city, which was subject to abundant rainfall and frequent floods.
Qʼiche (Post-Classic)
Acat was a deity in Maya mythology associated with the process of tattooing. The Maya placed great importance on the tattooing process, believing that tattoos in the image of a god would imbue a person with some of that god's power. Because of the importance and difficulty of this art form it was only natural that there was a god responsible for it. Acat was said to bless the ink, needles, and work spaces, and steady the hands of the artists for better results.
- Odd Job Gods: Compared to other domains like agriculture, knowledge, trade, love/reproduction, war, life/death and others, tattooing may seem trivial and weird to say the least.
Ah Muzen Cab is the Maya god of bees and honey. He is possibly the same figure as "the Descending God" or "the Diving God" and is consistently depicted upside-down.
- Bee Afraid: Averted, he's the god of honey-bearing stingless bees.
Ah Tzul was either a god or demon who descended from the sky during eclipses. He was described as either a man, scorpion, dog, snake, lizard, or a combo of them. He was also said to be the dark Evening Star (planet Venus).
- Star Killing: He is attributed with solar eclipses and is called the "Devourer of the Eclipse".
Chin, together with Cu, Cavil ("idol"), and Maran, is mentioned as the name of the male deity said to have demonstrated sexual intercourse with other male deities and humans.
- Love God: The god of male homosexuality and same-sex relationships.
Ek Chuaj is a god that is also known as Ek Chuah and Ek Ahau. He presides over and protects travelers, merchants, and warriors and is depicted as a dark-skinned male carrying a bag over his shoulder. He is also recognized as the patron and protector of cacao and cacao products.
- Food God: The god who governs over cacao- the plant from which chocolate is made.
Ix Tab or Ixtab ("Rope Woman" or "Hangwoman") was the indigenous Maya goddess of suicide by hanging during the time of the Spanish conquest of Yucatán. Playing the role of a psychopomp, she would accompany such suicides to heaven and the afterlife. However, Ix Tab may only have been a hunting goddess. Today, the sensationalist idea of a "cult of Ix Tab" appears to be invoked by popular Yucatecan media to portray suicide as an indigenous problem, given that Yucatán has a suicide rate more than twice that of Mexico at large.
- Psychopomp: Ixtab is the protector goddess of people who commit suicide by hanging, and sees to it that they reach a pleasant afterlife.
Ix Tub Tun is a minor goddess who is said to spit out precious gems and be envisioned as a serpent.
- Body to Jewel: A double headed snake that spat out jewels from her mouths.
Kukulkan, also spelled K’uk’ulkan ("Plumed Serpent" or "amazing serpent") is the name of a Mesoamerican serpent deity that was worshipped by the Yucatec Maya people of the Yucatán Peninsula before the Spanish Conquest of the Yucatán. The depiction of the Feathered Serpent motif is present in other cultures of Mesoamerica. Kukulkan is closely related to the deity Qʼuqʼumatz of the Kʼicheʼ people. Little is known of the mythology of this Pre-Columbian era deity.
- Feathered Serpent: He's one of the TropeCodifiers alongside the Aztec Quetzalcoatl.
La Xtabay is a Yucatec Maya Folklore about the female demon, Xtabay, a supernatural predator who preys upon men in the Yucatán Peninsula. She is said to dwell in the forest to lure men to their deaths with her incomparable beauty. She is described as having beautiful, shining black hair that falls down to her ankles and wearing a white dress.
- Femme Fatale: This female spirit of the forest lures men to their doom.
Yum Kaax ("lord of the forest") is a Yukatek Maya name for the god of the wild vegetation and guardian of its animals. In the past, this god has wrongly been described as an agricultural deity or even as the Maya maize god (god E of the codices), which has become a popular and still existing misconception. In ethnographic reality, Yum Kaax is a god of wild plants and of animals that are important to hunters. As such, he grants protection of the fields against the incursions of the wild nature he himself represents. This type of deity is also found among indigenous peoples of North America. Invoked by hunters, he is the owner of all the game. He can appear to hunters in an instant and possesses songs that will warrant a hunter success and allow his arrows to come back to him.
- Forest Ranger: Protects both humans and the wilderness, including all domesticated flora and fauna.
Popol Vuh
Ah Uaynih is the goddess of sleep. She was especially helpful in putting humans to sleep.
- Odd Job Gods: The goddess of dreams and sleeping in general which cured insomniacs.
Awilix (also spelt Auilix and Avilix) was a goddess (or possibly a god) of the Postclassic Kʼicheʼ Maya, who had a large kingdom in the highlands of Guatemala. She was the patron deity of the Nijaʼibʼ noble lineage at the Kʼicheʼ capital Qʼumarkaj, with a large temple in the city. Awilix was a Moon goddess and a goddess of night, although some studies refer to the deity as male. Awilix was probably derived from the Classic period lowland Maya moon goddess or from Cʼabawil Ix, the Moon goddess of the Chontal Maya.
- God of the Moon: Depending on the story, region and time period the moon is usually either conceptualised as male (one of the hero twins in Popol Vuh) or as female.
Camazotz (alternate spellings Cama-Zotz, Sotz, Zotz) is a bat god. Camazotz means "death bat" in the Kʼicheʼ language. In Mesoamerica, the bat is associated with night, death, and sacrifice. The bat god of Xibalba who feeds on blood was eventually defeated by the Hero Twins and cast out of creation.
- Bat Out of Hell: In the Popol Vuh, Camazotz are the bat-like monsters encountered by the Mayan Hero Twins Hunahpu and Xbalanque during their trials in the underworld of Xibalba. The twins had to spend the night in the House of Bats where they squeeze themselves into their own blowguns in order to defend themselves. When Hunahpu stuck his head out of his blowgun to see if the sun had risen, Camazotz immediately snatched off his head and carried it to the ballcourt to be hung up as the ball to be used by the gods in their next ballgame.
- Our Vampires Are Different: Justified, since he is based on real world vampire bats which live in Central and South America.
Cabrakan (also known as Caprakan) was the god of earthquakes and mountains. He was the son of the gods Vucub Caquix and Chimalmat, who plays a significant role early in the Popol Vuh where he is defeated by the Hero Twins as is his brother. Zipacna, like his relatives, was said to be very arrogant and violent. Zipacna was characterized as a large caiman and often boasted about creating mountains.
- Sibling Team: An Evil Counterpart of the Hero Twins. A pair of giants which were brothers and opposed the gods.
Hun Hunahpu or 'Head-Apu I' (a calendrical name) is a figure in Mayan mythology. According to Popol Vuh he was the father of the Maya Hero Twins, Head-Apu and Xbalanque. As their shared calendrical day name suggests, Head-Apu I was the father of Head-Apu. He is believed to be the father of the twins' half-brothers and the patrons of artisans and writers, Hun-Chowen and Hun-Batz. Head-Apu I is paired with his brother, Vucub-Hunahpu, Head-Apu VII. The brothers were tricked in the Dark House by the lords of the Underworld (Xibalba) and sacrificed. Head-Apu I's head was suspended in a trophy tree and changed to a calabash. Its saliva (i.e., the juice of the calabash) impregnated Xquic, a daughter of one of the lords of Xibalba. She fled the Underworld and conceived the Twins. After defeating the Underworld lords, the twins recovered the remains of their father and their father's brother, but could not resuscitate them.
- You Killed My Father: The Hero Twins' motivation for defeating the rulers of Xibalba.
Huracan ("one legged"), often referred to as U Kʼux Kaj, the "Heart of Sky", is a Kʼicheʼ Maya god of wind, storm, fire and one of the creator deities who participated in all three attempts at creating humanity. He also caused the Great Flood after the second generation of humans angered the gods. He supposedly lived in the windy mists above the floodwaters and repeatedly invoked "earth" until land came up from the seas.
- Elemental Powers: He can control storms, winds, lightning bolts, tornadoes, earthquakes, fires, rains and floods. His name is also the origin of the word "hurricane".
Jacawitz (also spelt Jakawitz, Jakawits, Qʼaqʼawits and Hacavitz) was a mountain god of the Postclassic Kʼicheʼ Maya of highland Guatemala. He was the patron of the Ajaw Kʼicheʼ lineage and was a companion of the sun god Tohil. It is likely that he received human sacrifice. The word jacawitz means "mountain" in the lowland Maya language, and the word qʼaqʼawitz of the highland Maya means "fire mountain", which suggests that Jacawitz was mainly a fire deity, much like Tohil. In the Mam language, the similar word xqʼaqwitz means "yellow wasp" and the wasp was an important symbol of the deity and its associated lineage. In the Cholan languages, jacawitz means "first mountain", linking the god with the first mountain of creation. Jacawitz was one of a triad of Kʼicheʼ deities, the other two being Tohil and the goddess Awilix, all three were sometimes collectively referred to as Tohil, the principal member of the triad. The concept of a trinity of deities was an ancient one in Maya culture, dating back to the Preclassic period.
- Power Trio: Speculated to have formed one with the Sun and Moon deities.
Qʼuqʼumatz (alternatively Qucumatz, Gukumatz, Gucumatz, Gugumatz, Kucumatz, etc.) was a deity of the Postclassic Kʼicheʼ Maya. Qʼuqʼumatz was the feathered serpent divinity of the Popol Vuh who created humanity together with the god Tepeu. Qʼuqʼumatz is considered to be the rough equivalent of the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl, and also of Kukulkan of the Yucatec Maya tradition. It is likely that the feathered serpent deity was borrowed from one of these two peoples and blended with other deities to provide the god Qʼuqʼumatz that the Kʼicheʼ worshipped. Qʼuqʼumatz may have had his origin in the Valley of Mexico; some scholars have equated the deity with the Aztec deity Ehecatl-Quetzalcoatl, who was also a creator god. Qʼuqʼumatz may originally have been the same god as Tohil, the Kʼicheʼ sun god who also had attributes of the feathered serpent, but they later diverged and each deity came to have a separate priesthood. Qʼuqʼumatz was one of the gods who created the world in the Popul Vuh, the Kʼicheʼ creation epic. Qʼuqʼumatz, god of wind and rain, was closely associated with Tepeu, god of lightning and fire. Both of these deities were considered to be the mythical ancestors of the Kʼicheʼ nobility by direct male line. Qʼuqʼumatz carried the sun across the sky and down into the underworld and acted as a mediator between the various powers in the Maya cosmos. The deity was particularly associated with water, clouds, the wind and the sky.
- Feathered Serpent: Another Maya version that predates the more famous and popular Aztec Trope Codifier Quetzalcoatl.
Tohil (also spelled Tojil) was a deity of the Kʼicheʼ Maya in the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerica. At the time of the Spanish Conquest, Tohil was the patron god of the Kʼicheʼ. Tohil's principal function was that of a fire deity and he was also both a sun god and the god of rain. Tohil was also associated with mountains and he was a god of war, sacrifice and sustenance. In the Kʼicheʼ epic Popul Vuh, after the first people were created, they gathered at the mythical Tollan, the Place of the Seven Caves, to receive their language and their gods. The Kʼicheʼ, and others, there received Tohil. Tohil demanded blood sacrifice from the Kʼicheʼ and so they offered their own blood and also that of sacrificed captives taken in battle. In the Popul Vuh this consumption of blood by Tohil is likened to the suckling of an infant by its mother. Tohil may originally have been the same god as Qʼuqʼumatz, and shared the attributes of the feathered serpent with that deity, but they later diverged and each deity came to have a separate priesthood. Sculptures of a human face emerging between the jaws of a serpent were common from the end of the Classic Period through to the Late Postclassic and may represent Qʼuqʼumatz in the act of carrying Hunahpu, the youthful avatar of the sun god Tohil, across the sky. The god's association with human sacrifice meant that Tohil was one of the first deities that the Spanish clergy tried to eradicate after the conquest of Guatemala.
- God of Fire: Tohil is the god of lightning and fire, sometimes also presiding over the sun or even being a pet of the sun god.
Vucub-Caquix (also spelled Wuqub’ Kaqix, possibly meaning 'Seven-Macaw') is the name of a bird demon defeated by the Hero Twins of a Kʼicheʼ-Mayan myth preserved in an 18th-century document, entitled Popol Vuh. The episode of the demon's defeat was already known in the Late Preclassic Period, before the year 200 AD. He was also the father of Zipacna, an underworld demon deity, and Cabrakan, the earthquake god.
- Feathered Fiend: The demonic macaw Vucub Caquix claims to be the sun and moon that brings light the world, before the Hero Twins (who would later become the sun and moon) end his tyranny.
- Toothy Bird: Seven Macaw was stated to apparently have teeth made from precious stones.
Xmucane and Xpiacoc, alternatively Xumucane and Ixpiyacoc, are the names of the divine grandparents of Maya mythology of the Kʼicheʼ people and the daykeepers of the Popol Vuh. They are considered to be the oldest of all the gods of the Kʼicheʼ pantheon and are identified by a number of names throughout the text, reflecting their multiple roles throughout the Mayan creation myth. They are usually mentioned together, although Xmucane seems to be alone during most of the interactions with the Maya Hero Twins, when she is referred to as simply "grandmother". The pair were invoked during the creation of the world in which the Maya gods were attempting to create humanity. Xmucane and Xpiacoc ground the maize that was used in part of the failed attempt, although the beings created were described as being simply mannequins and not real people. These two are also invoked, often by other powerful deities, for their powers in divination and matchmaking. Xmucane herself also plays an integral role in the development of the Maya Hero Twins. She was at first wary of them and their mother, Xquic, and ordered them out of her house when they were yet infants, but she would come to accept them almost as her own sons, raising and caring for them.
- The Maker: The pair of gods which created the world, including humans.
Xquic (or Ixquic, sometimes glossed as "Blood Moon" or "Blood Girl/Maiden" in English) is a mythological figure known from the 16th century Kʼicheʼ manuscript Popol Vuh. She was the daughter of one of the lords of Xibalba, called Cuchumaquic, Xibalba being the Maya underworld. Noted particularly for being the mother of the Maya Hero Twins, Hunahpu and Xbalanque, she is sometimes considered to be the Maya goddess associated with the waning moon. However, there is no evidence for this in the Popol Vuh text itself. Xquic is also partially worshipped as a mother goddess due to being impregnated with and birthing the legendary Hero Twins which are highly revered in Central America.
- Mystical Pregnancy: The father of her children was a severed head stuck on a pole which turned into a tree whose sap would impregnate Xquic and cause her to give birth to the Maya hero twins which avenged their father after he died.
