History Main / TooManyCooksSpoilTheSoup

* In episode 13 of ''LightNovel/AmagiBrilliantPark'', Tricen is told by Seiya that his first promotional video for the park is too bland, and has him redo it with more input from the other characters. They give him varying suggestions based on what they think it should include, such as Moffle wanting more action-oriented stuff. When Seiya sees the second video, he wonders what the heck it's supposed to be about, and ends up running the first video instead. Tricen then reveals that he uploaded the second video online, and Seiya is shocked to find out that its garnered almost a million and a half views, along with over seventy thousand comments.

This is the super trope of several other rules, notably ConservationOfNinjutsu, which applies this principle to ninjas and other supposedly-elite fighters, and ConservationOfCompetence, which applies this to intelligence in evil structures. Is usually caused by PoorCommunicationKills as each person makes decisions without consulting the rest. Possibly related to, or even caused by, SturgeonsLaw. ExecutiveMeddling is often a good example of this trope in action. Contrast MoreDakka and its related tropes, where more cooks are seen to make the soup better in any case

''The more people with executive control, the end result becomes less valuable.''

Basically, this rule is just that: the more people that get involved with a project, [[DiminishingReturnsForBalance the competence of each individuals drop and the quality follows suit]]. Inversely, [[AuteurLicense ventures made solo]], especially in the case of LastOfHisKind on a mission, are almost sure to succeed (unless there's AnAesop about teamwork).

This typically is seen in group efforts that start off small but the vision exceeds the talent, the money has already been spent and something has to get made. Competent leadership is key, and [[ThePeterPrinciple someone may move into a place outside their specialty]] and start giving contradictory directions to different departments. Sometimes too many people are [[PoorCommunicationKills making decisions without consulting each other]] and the pieces of the puzzle don't fit together. Even if there is a singular "vision," certain steps are skipped in the development process or [[ChristmasRushed rushed out to meet a deadline]].

This is the super trope of several other rules, notably ConservationOfNinjutsu, which applies this principle to ninjas and other supposedly-elite fighters, and ConservationOfCompetence, which applies this to intelligence in evil structures. Possibly related to, or even caused by, SturgeonsLaw. ExecutiveMeddling is often a good example of this trope in action. Contrast MoreDakka and its related tropes, where more cooks are seen to make the soup better in any case.

''The more people there are working on something, the less likely they are to succeed.''

Basically, this rule is just that: the more people that attempt something, the less competent they become at accomplishing said task. Inversely, ventures made solo, especially in the case of LastOfHisKind on a mission, are almost sure to succeed (unless there's AnAesop about teamwork).

A good example is in Superhero stories, wherein a singular villain may be a match for an entire ''team'' of superheroes, but if said villain joins a group of villains, suddenly they lose to just one of them. Similarly, a villain may be taking down entire groups of superheroes, but when one hero steps out to take them on alone, watch out. Of course, villain team-ups are also prone to a [[ChronicBackstabbingDisorder different problem entirely]].

May be TruthInTelevision -- sometimes too many people working on a project results in nothing getting done, possibly because [[BystanderSyndrome everyone thinks someone else will do it]], or because of conflicts over direction (a phenomenon known as [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson%27s_Law_of_Triviality Parkinson's Law of Triviality]]). This can even be seen on Internet forums, where the more people that engage in an argument, the less reasonable the conversation generally becomes ([[GodwinsLaw Nazis or otherwise]]).

* In one episode of ''Series/GilligansIsland'', Skipper sleepwalks and dreams about one time when he converted a radio into a transmitter. In order to repeat it in order to get the castaways rescued, he tries to go to sleep, but has a hard time. Gilligan then borrows some tranquilizers from Mr. Howell and puts them in Skipper's mango juice. However, the Professor, Ginger, and Marie Ann also add two tranquilizers without anyone else knowing. Finally, when Skipper sees the bottle of tranquilizers, ''he'' takes two before drinking his mango juice, resulting in him knocked out.

Compare TwoRightsMakeAWrong. Contrast ThePowerOfFriendship. Can sometimes result from RightHandVsLeftHand.

%%Image Pickin' thread did not produce a page pic: https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/posts.php?discussion=1ygvizqefjiovucem0mm0xzz&page=1

** ''Literature/SmallGods'' has a multinational coalition invade Omnia to put an end to them once and for all. Except no one's in charge, but every general thinks he is.

* Deliberately invoked in ''LetsPlay/TwitchPlaysPokemon''. Having 100,000+ people input commands for a game of ''[[VideoGame/PokemonRedAndBlue Pokemon Red]]'' (and afterwards, one game from each [[OneGameForThePriceOfTwo pair]] of main series games, all the way to Gen 8.) The results are hilarious, from having the player walk in weird directions to [[TheUnintelligible typing gibberish into text fields]] (mostly when [[TheUnpronounceable naming players or Pokémon]]) to making ''really'' silly decisions (like releasing their starter, for instance).

** A literal example occurs in "Reeking Havoc". The Professor tries to make an entry for Townsville's annual chili cook-off, and for the final ingredient, he spices it up with a tiny drop of Chemical X. Unfortunately, the girls, trying to help him win[[note]]in order to avoid the disaster when the Professor lost the previous year[[/note]], each add a drop more to the chili (with Bubbles tossing in the whole bottle). The resulting concoction gives everybody a bad case of gas that ends up creating a gigantic methane cloud monster.

** In one episode, Professor Utonium creates a new pet called B.E.E.B.O, telling the girl that he only needed to be fed one time in his life. Unfortunately, the girls each fed him without the others knowing, resulting in B.E.E.B.O going on a ravenous eating rampage.
** A literal example occurs in "Reeking Havoc". The Professor tries to make an entry for Townsville's annual chili cook-off, and for the final ingredient, he spices it up with a tiny drop of Chemical X. Unfortunately, the girls, trying to help him win[[note]]in order to avoid the disaster when the Professor lost the previous year[[/note]], each add a drop more to the chili (with Bubbles tossing in the whole bottle). The resulting concoction gives everybody a bad case of gas that ends up creating a gigantic gas cloud monster.

* Used in ''WesternAnimation/ChalkZone'', where Rudy and Penny are trying to design a robot, but because they have different views on how it should work (Penny wants it to be helpful, Rudy wants it to be a superweapon), the design turns out a mess and after being erased, the robot goes on a helpful/destructive rampage in Chalkzone. Even worse, Rudy's [[ArchEnemy archenemies]] Scrawl and Craniac discover it and decide to use it in a scheme they were concocting.

* Website/TheJargonFile contains the analogous entry for Brooks' Law, which states that "Adding manpower to a late project makes it later", with mathematical justification; dividing a task among N people gets the work done in ''O''(N) time, but actually coordinating that work and getting it merged back into a completed project takes ''O''(N^2) because of duplication, intercommunication problems (two people on a project have one line of communication (A<->B); four people have six), and general laziness (if there's a hundred people on a task, there will be a few who think they don't need to pull their weight).

* Used literally in ''[[Literature/AnneOfGreenGables Anne of Avonlea]]'' at a dinner party; everyone involved in making the meal adds a little sugar to the peas because they all think no one else will remember to. Result: ''literal'' TastesLikeDiabetes.

* In season 2 of ''Manga/SchoolRumble'', much of the cast attends a potluck dinner which they completely ruin by various people adding stupid things to the food. [[SubvertedTrope However, the weirder the ingredients, the better the batch turned out to be.]]
* [[spoiler:Nanamine]] of ''Manga/{{Bakuman}}'', in his contempt of editors, attempted to create a manga by gathering a group of fifty people online and forming a conference from them. Though the initial results are good, the manga is cluttered from Nanamine attempting to stuff too many ideas into the work without following his editor's advice and by chapter three the series dropped to ninth place in the rankings. Things only get worse for him from then on.

* One ''Manga/FrankenFran'' story ends this way. A rich man plots to capture his niece's inheritance (along with every other one of her relatives) by being put into her brain-dead body. Once he realizes just how much her relatives destroyed her life, Fran transfers the rest of the family's minds into the body after an accident, and now they can't take a single action if they aren't all in agreement (with the uncle deliberately vetoing every action to get back at them).

* ''ComicStrip/TheFarSide'' had one strip with a bunch of scientists arguing with the caption "Another case of too many mad doctors and not enough hunchbacks."

* Parodied in ''ComicBook/TheDandy''. Harry Hill asks how many cooks is too many, leading to Jamie Oliver, Nigella Lawson and Gordon Ramsay to put their own ingredients in it. After they don’t spoil the broth, Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall [[CordonBleughChef dumps multiple dead animals in the pot]], with Harry [[TakeThat declaring that Hugh has spoiled the broth]].

* Deliberately invoked in ''LetsPlay/TwitchPlaysPokemon''. Having 100,000+ people input commands for a game of ''[[VideoGame/PokemonRedAndBlue Pokemon Red]]'' (and afterwards, one game from each [[OneGameForThePriceOfTwo pair]] of main series games, all the way to Gen 8.) The results are hilarious, from having the player walk in weird directions to [[TheUnintelligible typing gibberish into text fields]] (mostly when [[TheUnpronounceable naming players or Pokémon]]) to making ''really'' silly decisions (like releasing their starter, for instance).

* ''Fanfic/RiseOfTheGaleforces'', [[OldShame according to its own author]], is a meta example of this trope that nicely demonstrates how it can be pulled off ''by a single person''. The story starts off as a fanfic of ''WesternAnimation/TheIncredibles'' with a sensible premise, that being the resurrection of [[PosthumousCharacter Posthumous Characters]] and how they'd handle the circumstances of the current time of the film. As the writing of the fic progressed, however, the author's preferences changed drastically enough that at various points throughout its production, many, ''many'' elements and characters of other movies, cartoons, and even video games, among other things, were introduced that ultimately derailed the original concept. By the time the latter chapters of the story were published, it had become a nearly incomprehensible MassiveMultiplayerCrossover with the ''Incredibles'' characters being sidelined as much as everyone else.

* ''Film/ThePentagonWars'' details how this happened with the Bradley Fighting Vehicle. Originally designed as a troop carrier by Colonel Smith, the committee he answered to made constant revisions of the design until it couldn't do anything well. Too slow and big to be a scout, but too bulked up with ammo and weapons to be a troop carrier, and not enough armor to stand up against actual tanks. The result was that the Bradley was in development for ''seventeen years'' and went billions of dollars over budget.

* Used literally in ''[[Literature/AnneOfGreenGables Anne of Avonlea]]'' at a dinner party; everyone involved in making the meal adds a little sugar to the peas because they all think no one else will remember to. Result: ''literal'' TastesLikeDiabetes.
* A Little Golden Book featuring WesternAnimation/DonaldDuck had Donald in the studio while the writers are storyboarding his next cartoon. Each of the writers keeps adding in things they think should be in the cartoon (like the nephews and Chip N' Dale) to the point where there is no room for Donald in the cartoon. Donald proceeds to blow his top and start screaming at the writers.
%%* In the ''Literature/{{Redwall}}'' book ''Legend of Luke'', this happens with ''literal'' soup.

* ''Series/ThirtyRock'':
** In an episode, Jack recruits some of the writers to help him come up with a new microwave oven. When all their suggestions are combined he ends up with a Pontiac Aztek.
** In another episode, when Tracy is even later for rehearsal than usual:
--->'''Liz:''' How did this happen? I had Grizz call him at eight o'clock this morning and pretend it was eleven.\\
'''Pete:''' I printed up that fake rehearsal schedule for him saying we were starting at nine instead of noon.\\
'''Kenneth:''' Oh, and I set all his watches and clocks to say p.m. when it's really a.m.!\\
'''Liz:''' [[RightHandVsLeftHand Oh, boy, we may have overdone it]].\\
'''Tracy:''' ''[entering]'' WHAT THE HELL TIME IS IT?
* ''Series/MysteryScienceTheater3000'' would occasionally comment on films with a large number of writers, producers, etc. For example, in ''Film/SpaceMutiny'':
-->'''Mike:''' Passed from editor to editor in a desperate attempt to save it!
* The point of ''{{Series/Extras}}'': Andy's sitcom gets picked up, but he allows the producers' suggestions to turn it from [[Series/TheOfficeUK a witty character study and commentary on office life]] to a cheesy, lowbrow WorkCom.

* ''Series/SaturdayNightLive'' demonstrates this in a skit that pokes fun at overstuffed songs with many singers. It starts with just three rappers ([[Creator/KenanThompson Big Chris]], Shantasia, and Yung Bitch). Then four more join in ([[Creator/LeslieJones Prinsexxxy]], Sno'Cone, Sloppy Moses, and Marci Jamz). Then another group ([[Wrestling/DwayneJohnson King Keef]], Lil' Nitwit, [[PrettyFlyForAWhiteGuy 2 Black Guyz]], [[Creator/CecilyStrong Hawt Clown]], [[Creator/KateMcKinnon Pregnasty]], and Skiffle), followed by two more (Music/KatyPerry and [[Creator/AidyBryant Kathleen Bell]]), and finally by two more (Essentially Simon and [[Creator/TomHanks David S. Pimpkins]]). When they finally start rapping, it turns into a nightmare with everyone singing their own song. Big Chris finally puts a stop to it, just before a final MC jumps out (Dat Snatch).
--> '''Big Chris:''' Stop! Stop! Stop! Stop! That did not work! It's like I feared, there's too many people on this track. I'm sorry, y'all.

* The Sidereals in ''TabletopGame/{{Exalted}}'' tend towards this. It's actually part of the rules that the more people that are present, the stupider their decisions are likely to be. In the backstory this tendency is one of the key reasons the world is now in such a perilous state.

* [[VideoReviewShow Internet video critic]] WebSite/SFDebris usually makes sure to point out which episodes have too many cooks by calling a bloated writing credit "the wall of text" or something similarly sarcastic.

* The ''WesternAnimation/DarkwingDuck'' episode "[[Recap/DarkwingDuckS1E8ComicBookCapers Comic Book Capers]]" has Darkwing preparing to pitch a comic book of his fabulous adventures, but he keeps getting called away from his typewriter. Other characters study his pitch while he's away and decide to "improve" it, resulting in the comic book storyline going completely OffTheRails.

* Shown in one of the "Aesop and Son" segments of ''WesternAnimation/RockyAndBullwinkle''. In the tale, a bunch of animals cook a stew but won't let a bear eat any of it because he didn't contribute any ingredients. After spending the episode trying to catch a goldfish, the fish tricks the dimwitted bear with an ''undersea mine'' it had painted golden. The other animals aren't any smarter and also think it's a goldfish. Boom. When Aesop tries to give the aesop "Too many cooks spoil the broth", his son is ComicallyMissingThePoint because the story was about stew instead of broth.
* A minor example in one episode of ''WesternAnimation/AdventuresOfTheGummiBears'': Cubbi, Sunni, and Tummi have sneaked into Castle Dunwyn in the hopes of using the [[AnachronismStew pressure cooker]] there to replicate a famous chef's recipe for taffy. This goes wrong early on, when ''each'' of them add ingredients to the pot without realizing the others have done so already - all the more since Tummi dumps his ingredients in ''along with their containers.'' It's no surprise that the entire endeavor goes explosively wrong in the end.

* Used in ''WesternAnimation/ChalkZone'', where Rudy and Penny are trying to design a robot, but because they have different views on how it should work (Penny wants it to be helpful, Rudy wants it to be a superweapon), the design turns out a mess and after being erased, the robot goes on a helpful/destructive rampage in Chalkzone. Even worse, Rudy's [[ArchEnemy archenemies]] Scrawl and Craniac discover it and decide to use it in a scheme they were concocting.

* ''WesternAnimation/TheSimpsons'':
** In the episode "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show", the [[ExecutiveMeddling producers of "Itchy and Scratchy"]] decide the show needs a new [[CousinOliver hip, young character]] to improve its ratings. The result is a Poochie, a character largely designed by committee ("Can we put him in more of a hip-hop context?", "He's gotta be a surfer", "I feel we should rastafy him by 10% or so") that everyone despises after his first episode airs.
** The reason Apu and Manjula got octuplets is because when conceiving, Manjula took fertility drugs...while Apu, Homer, Marge, and Bart slipped her some more without each other knowing.

* In the ''WesternAnimation/{{Arthur}}'' episode "Arthur Writes a Story," for a school assignment, Arthur writes out the story of how he got his dog Pal. But each of his friends whom he shares it with call it boring and offer suggestions to make it "better," which he takes. He ends up writing [[MindScrew a country-western musical set in outer space in which Pal is a striped elephant]], and after his friends hear it, they much prefer his original version.
* In an ''WesternAnimation/{{Oswald}}'' episode, Oswald decides to build a bird house and each of his friends offer suggestions to add things that "birds like" such as painted polka dots, flowers, and bells. This results in a cluttered mess that the birds can't even figure out how to get inside. A rain storm washes away all the additions and Oswald realizes that birds like a simple bird house.
* ''WesternAnimation/Ducktales2017'': In "[[Recap/Ducktales2017S2E16TheDuckKnightReturns The Duck Knight Returns!]]", what we see of [[PrimaDonnaDirector Alistair Boorswan]]'s vision for a DarkerAndEdgier ''Darkwing Duck'' reboot movie already seems pretentious and incomprehensible, to the ire of Dewey and Launchpad who are both fans of the original series. All Scrooge and Dewey's last minute re-shoots to try and appeal to the show's target audience (namely children) succeed at is make the movie even worse. To top it off, [[WhiteDwarfStarlet Jim Starling]], who is outraged that Boorswan didn't involve him in the reboot or even notify him, causes chaos when he makes an attempt on the life of the new lead, [[CanonCharacterAllAlong Drake Mallard]]. And to top ''that'' off, despite Boorswan wanting to use the footage of Mallard and Starling's face-off, Dewey taped it over by accident, leading to a fed-up Scrooge [[ShaggyDogStory canceling the project entirely]].

* The Creator/AdultSwim short appropriately titled ''Film/TooManyCooks'' is a satire/deconstruction of this trope occurring in television, mocking the tendency for shows to be given far more writers and producers than needed with the result that they lose their original vision. This is represented by the show starting off as a {{retraux}} family sitcom, only for the opening credits to suddenly extend with more and more characters, and the show loses track of what it's supposed to be. It cycles through numerous genres, settings, and casts all of whom grow increasingly confused and mixed up. Things go even further off the rails when [[spoiler:a nameless Killer starts trying to off the cast so he take the show for himself. Said Killer is strongly implied by WordOfGod to be the original main character of the show before it got butchered by new writers, trying to retake his show out of jealousy.]]

* A Little Golden Book featuring DonaldDuck had Donald in the studio while the writers are storyboarding his next cartoon. Each of the writers keeps adding in things they think should be in the cartoon (like the nephews and Chip N' Dale) to the point where there is no room for Donald in the cartoon. Donald proceeds to blow his top and start screaming at the writers.

* ''WesternAnimation/Ducktales2017'': In "[[Recap/Ducktales2017S2E16TheDuckKnightReturns The Duck Knight Returns!]]", what we see of [[PrimaDonnaDirector Alistair Boorswan]]'s vision for a DarkerAndEdgier ''Darkwing Duck'' reboot movie already seems pretentious and incomprehensible, to the ire of Dewey and Launchpad who are both fans of the original series. All Scrooge and Dewey's last minute re-shoots to try and appeal to the show's target audience (namely children) succeed at is make the movie even worse. To top it off, [[WhiteDwarfStarlet Jim Starling]], who is outraged that Boorswan didn't involve him in the reboot or even notify him, results in the movie being scrapped entirely, causes chaos when he makes an attempt on the life of the new lead, [[CanonCharacterAllAlong Drake Mallard]]. And to top ''that'' off, despite Boorswan wanting to use the footage of Mallard and Starling's face-off, Dewey taped it over by accident, leading to a fed-up Scrooge [[ShaggyDogStory canceling the project entirely]].

* ''WesternAnimation/Ducktales2017'': In "Recap/Ducktales2017S2E16TheDuckKnightReturns", what we see of Alistair Boorswan's vision for a ''Darkwing Duck'' reboot movie already seems pretentious and incomprehensible, to the ire of Dewey and Launchpad who are both fans of the original series. All Scrooge and Dewey's last minute re-shoots to try and appeal to the show's target audience (namely children) succeed at is make the movie even worse. To top it off, [[WhiteDwarfStarlet Jim Starling]], who is outraged that Boorswan didn't involve him in the reboot or even notify him, results in the movie being scrapped entirely, causes chaos when he makes an attempt on the life of the new lead, [[CanonCharacterAllAlong Drake Mallard]]. And to top ''that'' off, despite Boorswan wanting to use the footage of Mallard and Starling's face-off, Dewey taped it over by accident, leading to a fed-up Scrooge canceling the project entirely.

* ''Fanfic/RiseOfTheGaleforces'', [[OldShame according to its own author]], nicely demonstrates how this trope can be pulled off ''by a single person''. The story starts off as a fanfic of ''WesternAnimation/TheIncredibles'' with a sensible premise, that being the resurrection of [[PosthumousCharacter Posthumous Characters]] and how they'd handle the circumstances of the current time of the film. As the writing of the fic progressed, however, the author's preferences changed drastically enough that at various points throughout its production, many, ''many'' elements and characters of other movies, cartoons, and even video games, among other things, were introduced that ultimately derailed the original concept. By the time the latter chapters of the story were published, it had become a nearly incomprehensible MassiveMultiplayerCrossover with the ''Incredibles'' characters being sidelined as much as everyone else.
* Substitute "soup" with "cake", and you have the title of [[https://www.fanfiction.net/s/5857938/1/Too-Many-Cooks-Spoil-the-Cake this]] ''Series/{{Torchwood}}'' one-shot that's ExactlyWhatItSaysOnTheTin, wherein the main team attempting baking devolves into in-fighting that ruins everything they try to make.

* ''Fanfic/RiseOfTheGaleforces'', [[OldShame according to its own author]], nicely demonstrates how this trope can be pulled off ''by a single person''. The story starts off as a fanfic of ''WesternAnimation/TheIncredibles'' with a sensible premise, that being the resurrection of [[PosthumousCharacter Posthumous Characters]] and how they'd handle the circumstances of the current time of the film. As the writing of the fic progressed, however, author's preferences changed drastically enough that at various points throughout its production, many, ''many'' elements and characters of other movies, cartoons, and even video games, among other things, were introduced that ultimately derailed the original concept. By the time the latter chapters of the story were published, it had become a nearly incomprehensible MassiveMultiplayerCrossover with the ''Incredibles'' characters being sidelined as much as everyone else.

* ''Fanfic/RiseOfTheGaleforces'', [[OldShame according to its own author]], nicely demonstrates how this trope can be pulled off ''by a single person''. The story starts off as a fanfic of ''WesternAnimation/TheIncredibles'' with a sensible premise, that being the resurrection of PosthumousCharacters and how they'd handle the current time of the film. As the writing of the fic progressed, however, author's preferences changed drastically enough that at various points throughout its production, many, ''many'' elements and characters of other movies, cartoons, and even video games, among other things, were introduced that ultimately derailed the original concept. By the time the latter chapters of the story were published, it had become a nearly incomprehensible MassiveMultiplayerCrossover with the ''Incredibles'' characters being sidelined as much as everyone else.

[[folder:Web Original]]
* Deliberately invoked in ''LetsPlay/TwitchPlaysPokemon''. Having 100,000+ people input commands for a game of ''[[VideoGame/PokemonRedAndBlue Pokemon Red]]'' (and afterwards, one game from each [[OneGameForThePriceOfTwo pair]] of main series games, all the way to Gen 8.) The results are hilarious, from having the player walk in weird directions to [[TheUnintelligible typing gibberish into text fields]] (mostly when [[TheUnpronounceable naming players or Pokémon]]) to making ''really'' silly decisions (like releasing their starter, for instance).
[[/folder]]

Compare TwoRightsMakeAWrong. Contrast ThePowerOfFriendship.

* The ''WesternAnimation/DarkwingDuck'' episode "Comic Book Capers" has Darkwing preparing to pitch a comic book of his fabulous adventures, but he keeps getting called away from his typewriter. Other characters study his pitch while he's away and decide to "improve" it, resulting in the comic book storyline going completely OffTheRails.

* In ''WesternAnimation/TheNewAdventuresOfWinnieThePooh' episode "No Rabbit's A Fortress", Rabbit gets trapped in a fortress [[DidntThinkThisThrough he built without a door]], and Gopher decides to blast him out with dynamite. Before pushing his PlungerDetonator, he comments that only a single keg of dynamite would be necessary...not knowing that Pooh, Tigger, and Piglet had each added a keg to the pile.

* In ''WesternAnimation/TheNewAdventuresOfWinnieThePooh'', when Rabbit gets trapped in a fortress he built without a door, Gopher decides to blast him out with dynamite. Before pushing his PlungerDetonator, he comments that only a single keg of dynamite would be necessary...not knowing that Pooh, Tigger, and Piglet had each added a keg to the pile.