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I don't think there's a specific trope for that one. The closest thing to it is Revenge by Proxy, which is deliberate.
Not deliberate. Just the innocent getting caught in someone else's grudge.
Possibly Misplaced Retribution, or Guilt by Association Gag Played for Drama. It could be seen as a Bewildering Punishment by the people that Alice hurt by accident.
If Alice tries to insult Bob in a manner that also fits innocent people, and thus hurts their feelings too, then it's Insult Friendly Fire.
they/them || "Forgive me, regent of queer amphibians" - Lt.BGob
If she doesn't care about the innocent civilians in her path, it could be A Million Is a Statistic.
We can never truly eradicate the coronavirus, but we can suppress its threat like influenza
So Alice hates Bob for some reason (justifiable or otherwise) and sets out to hurt him, either physically or emotionally. She succeeds, but ends up hurting innocent people as well (often unintentionally, which can lead to her saying "My God, What Have I Done?").