History UsefulNotes / Chile

In media, the country has produced Cote de Pablo, best known for her role in ''Series/{{NCIS}}'' as Ziva David; and the ACE Team, with their debut videogame ZenoClash.

In 1973, the military under General UsefulNotes/AugustoPinochet (supported by the [[MoralMyopia United States]]) performed a coup d'etat against the Socialist government of Salvador Allende. Pinochet's [[BananaRepublic dictatorship]] lasted until 1989, when a national plebiscite was held to determine whether or not the military government should remain in power. If you happen to be among Chileans, [[BrokenBase it is usually not wise bring up the topic]]. '''Seriously'''. It may sound weird but Pinochet still has many [[BlackShirt supporters]], so be careful what you say.

Chile, like the rest of Latin America, is a multiethnic country, but unlike other countries, the government doesn't actually register race among its citizens. This is in part due to the ruling elite being composed by white people, who were focused on bringing european immigrants to replace or mix with the native population, in a process known as ''Blanqueamiento''. Other reason has to do with the loss of cultural identity among the native Picunches, who eventually embraced the new independentist movement and became today's Chileans. This created a culturally homogenous population that followed hispanic traditions regardless of race. The only exceptions were the reche tribes in the south of Bio Bio who became the Mapuche nation, a number of Atacameño people that rejected the new chilean state and kept practicing some of their traditions, and the Tehuelche tribes who were too far away to actually be incorporated to the new Chilean state.

The native language of Chile, Chilidugú, became extinct during the colonial era, so spanish is the current de facto language. It's spoken fast, eliminating the s' and d's from words. It mixes a lot of words from chilidugun and quechua, and it varies between upper and low classes. Other European languages like English, Portuguese, and French are spoken to some degree by people around the country, with fluency varying from person to person. Surviving chilean languages are the Mapudungun languages and Southern Aymara, while many other native tongues were lost thanks to cultural assimilation and the extermination of local tribes.

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party. Her government is known for being very divisive among Chileans, some considering it only populist rhethoric, the best government Chile ever had, or in the case of the right-wing parties, [[DirtyCommunists another Soviet-communist government that puts the country at danger.]] Ironically, most of the neoliberal policies were actually reinforced during her coalition's government.

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party. Her government is known for being very divisive among chileans, some considering it only populist rethoric, the best government Chile ever had, or in the case of the right wing parties, [[DirtyCommunists another soviet-communist government that puts the country at danger.]] Ironically, most of the neoliberal policies were actually reinforced during her coalition's government.


Chile, like the rest of Latin America, is a multiethnic country, but unlike other countries, the government doesn't actually register race among its citizens. This is in part due to the ruling elite being composed by white people, who were focused on bringing european immigrants to replace or mix with the native population, in a process known as ''Blanqueamiento''. Other reason has to do with the loss of cultural identity among the native Picunches, who eventually embraced the new independentist movement and became today's chileans. This created a culturally homogenous population that followed hispanic traditions regardless of race. The only exceptions were the reche tribes in the south of Bio Bio who became the Mapuche nation, a number of Atacameño people that rejected the new chilean state and kept practicing some of their traditions, and the Tehuelche tribes who were too far away to actually be incorporated to the new chilean state.

Among the many presidents the country had, Sebastian Piñera is perhaps the most (in)famous. Known for his frequent malapropism, an unbreakable record of faceplants, and [[TheJinx the seemingly justified belief that he causes bad luck to people around him,]] he is considered among chileans as some kind of buffoon, even by his own supporters. He also descends from [[FamousAncestor Huayna Capac]], making him a member of the Royal Incaic House. [[TheKlutz Beware.]]

Before the Spanish arrival, Chile was part of the Qullasuyu, the southern part of the Inca Empire. The central part corresponds to Chili and Atakama, native states allied with the Incaic administration, while the southern parts was controlled by the Mapuche tribes, who are known for successfully repelling both Inca and Spanish invaders. The southernmost area, namely the Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, were populated by the Patagones or Tehuelches, a group of different tribes that were mistaken for giants by the Europeans.

With the victory of the Social Democrats in 1989, Chile entered a new era of economic growth and social changes, with many hoping for a better future. But with many of the human rights violators being pardoned, the neglectfulness of the new democratic state towards the poorer classes, and an increase of corruption among government officials, many chileans see today a bleak future for their country.

Before the Spanish arrival, Chile was part of the Qullasuyu, the southern part of the Inca Empire. The central part corresponds to Chili and Atakama, native states allied with the Incaic administration, while the southern parts was controlled by the Mapuche tribes, who are known for successfully repeling both Inca and Spanish invaders. The southernmost area, namely the Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, were populated by the Patagones or Tehuelches, a group of different tribes that were mistaken for giants by the Europeans.

Statistically, it has one of the best life qualities and economic developments in Latin America[[note]]While It's not very well known, Chile was in fact the most affected country during the Great Depression, in the WHOLE world.[[/note]], but also has a big problem with economic inequality and poverty. Chile stretches from the Atacama desert to the Patagonia stopping just before Antarctica (although they do have a claim over a portion of the Antarctica, to the point they have one of the few Civilian settlements there, Villa las Estrellas), and also has two islands in the Pacific, the Juan Fernandez Island and [[LandmarkOfLore Easter Island]] or Rapa Nui, which is well known for the [[EenieMeenieMinyMoai big rock heads called Moai that surround the island]]. Ironically not too many people outside of Chile know is part of the country.

When the Spaniards came to America in the 15th century, Chile was the last place they visited, because to reach it, they needed to cross the Atacama Desert, [[DeaderThanDead which is fifty times drier than the Death Valley]], and for a long time Chile was known as a [[CrapsackWorld Spaniard´s grave]]. When they arrived, a war lasting over 300 years began between the Spaniards and the natives, particularly the Mapuche tribes. During this period, Chile became a Spanish colony, obtaining independence in 1818 after a war of independence against the royalists led by people like [[RedHeadedHero Bernardo]] [[HeroicBastard O' Higgins]], [[MasterOfDisguise Manuel]] [[GuileHero Rodriguez]] and [[ColonelBadass Jose Miguel]] Carrera. [[InternetBackdraft Do NOT ask who was the best of them]].

->''"UsefulNotes/{{Spain}} foresaw the need. He acquired the necessary clay through [[BlatantLies totally legitimate means.]] This clay is named "The End of the World" in local languages. But in frozen wastelands far to the South, Spain did not find what he sought. Instead, Spain found the future colony's fate in desert and sea. He knew that his son would one day achieve his destiny - not today, but in hundreds of years he will know why he was created:''

Statistically, it has one of the best life qualities and economic developments in Latin America[[note]]While It's not very well known, Chile was in fact the most affected country during the Great Depression, in the WHOLE world.[[/note]], but also has a big problem with economic inequality and poverty. Chile stretches from the Atacama desert to the Patagonia stopping just before Antarctica (although they do have a claim over a portion of the Antarctica, to the point they have one of the few Civilian settlement there, Villa las Estrellas), and also has two islands in the Pacific, the Juan Fernandez Island and [[LandmarkOfLore Easter Island]] or Rapa Nui, which is well known for the [[EenieMeenieMinyMoai big rock heads called Moai that surround the island]]. Ironically not too many people outside of Chile know is part of the country.

Notable Chileans are Creator/GabrielaMistral and Creator/PabloNeruda, who were awarded the NobelPrizeInLiterature in 1945 and 1971, respectively. Gabriela Mistral received also the National Literature Prize in 1951. Creator/RobertoBolano and Creator/IsabelAllende are also famous writers worldwide. In other arts, Víctor Jara is one of Chile's most famous musicians, known for his social activism and, unfortunately, for [[DeadArtistsAreBetter being tortured for four days and murdered by Pinochet's junta]] after the 1973 coup.[[note]]The stadium where he and other prisoners were killed is now named the Víctor Jara Stadium.[[/note]]

Among the many presidents the country had, Sebastian Piñera is perhaps the most (in)famous. Known for his frequent malapropism, an unbreakable record of faceplants, and [[TheJinx the seemingly justified belief that he causes bad luck to people around him,]] he is considered among chileans as some kind of buffoon, even by his own supporters. He also descends from [[FamousAncestor Huayna Capac]], making him a member of the Royal Incaic House. [[IdiotHero Beware.]]

With the victory of the Social Democrats, Chile entered a new era of economic growth and social changes, with many hoping for a better future. But with many of the human rights violators being pardoned, the neglectfulness of the new democratic state towards the poorer classes, and an increase of corruption among government officials, many chileans see today a bleak future for their country.

Chile, like the rest of Latin America, is a multiethnic country, but unlike other countries, the government doesn't actually register race among its citizens. This is in part due to the ruling elites being most of the time whites, who were more focused on bringing immigrants to replace or mix the native population, in a process known as ''Blanqueamiento''. Other reason has to do with the loss of cultural identity among the native Picunches, who eventually embraced the new independentist movement and became today's chileans. This created a culturally homogenous population that followed hispanic traditions regardless of race. The only exceptions were the reche tribes in the south of Bio Bio who became the Mapuche nation, a number of Atacameño people that rejected the new chilean state and kept practicing some of their traditions, and the Tehuelche tribes who were too far away to actually be incorporated to the new chilean state.

Among the many immigrants that arrived to Chile, the Spanish make up the majority, followed in number by the French, Germans, Celts, Syrians and Palestinians, the last escaping from the Arab-Israeli War. Other smaller communities exist, like Koreans, Afro-Chileans, Cantonese, Indians and Polynesians from Rapa Nui.

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party. Her government is known for being very divisive among chileans, some considering it only populist rethoric, the best government Chile ever had, or in the case of the right wing parties, [[DirtyCommunists another soviet-communist government that puts the country at danger.]]

Among the many immigrants that arrived to Chile, the Spanish made up the majority, followed in number by the French, Germans, Celts, Syrians and Palestinians. A small number of african slaves was also brought to the country, whose descendants are called the Afrodescendientes.

Chile, like the rest of Latin America, is a multiethnic country. The most numerous ethnic group is the Picunche people, who conform the majority of chileans. In the case of immigrants, Spanish-descent people make the biggest number, along with Germans, Frenchs and Palestinians. A big number of them compose the Upper classes, and are characterized as being somewhat off touch with the rest of the populace.

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party. Her government is known for being very divisive among chileans, some considering it only populist rethoric, the best government Chile has ever had, or in the case of the right wing parties, [[DirtyCommunists another soviet-communist government that puts the country at danger.]]


Sebastián Piñera, the first right-wing President democratically elected since 1958, is also a very (in)famous public figure in Chile. Known for his frequent malapropism, an unbreakable record of faceplants, and [[TheJinx the seemingly justified belief that he causes bad luck to people around him,]] he is considered among chileans as some kind of buffoon, even by his own supporters. He also descends from [[FamousAncestor Huayna Capac]], making him a member of the Royal Incaic House. [[IdiotHero Beware.]]

Chile, like the rest of Latin America, is a multiethnic country, but due to the mixing and numerous immigrants that came from elsewhere, along with the state sponsored "whitening" policies, it's hard to keep track of ancestry and race, so most people if asked will answer with whatever group they might feel identified.

This groups are:
* Halfbloods or Mestizos: Descendants of white Europeans, Middle Easterns, and North Africans, mixed with the Amerindians from Chile. Mestizos make up the majority of the population, having characteristics from both groups.
* Whites or Caucasians: Descendants from Spanish, French, Germans, Palestinians, Dutch, Syrians, Egyptians, and British immigrants. Many of them control most of the political and economical areas of Chile, and consider themselves to be the majority of the country
* Amerindians: During the Inca rule, Chile was populated by multiple indigenous people, the most important being the Picunche. While not a majority, many chileans can be considered full-blooded Native Americans. Only a handful of them keep practicing their pre-hispanic traditions.
* Afro-descendientes: African slaves brought from West Africa, mainly Angola and the Congo, during the Colonial era. Most of their descendants live in the northern part of Chile. Since the [[TurnOfTheMillennium 2000s]], a new influx of africans has migrated from the Caribbean and Central Africa.
* Asians: The first Asians in Chile were defectors from Peru that fought for the Chilean side during the Saltpeter War. Since then, many Chinese, Koreans, Indians and Japanese have made Chile their new home.
* Polynesians: Most being pascuenses or rapa nui, they come from [[EenieMeenieMinyMoai Easter Island]]. They have a small but well known community living in Mainland Chile.

In 1973, the military under General UsefulNotes/AugustoPinochet (supported by the [[MoralMyopia United States]]) performed a coup d'etat against the Socialist government of Salvador Allende. Pinochet's [[BananaRepublic dictatorship]] lasted until 1989, when a national plebiscite was held to determine whether or not the military government should remain in power. If you happen to be among Chileans, [[BrokenBase it is usually not wise bring up the topic]]. '''Seriously'''. It may sound weird but Pinochet still has many [[BlackShirt supporters]], so be careful what you say. Since then the country has been growing; most politics focused in trade and economic development, with some ideas to depolitize the country, maybe in an attempt to unite chileans or to forget the old memory of the dictatorship. While a number of chileans support the idea, [[BrokenBase the rest aren't so happy about the whole deal.]]

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party, who is known for her progressive ways, but being disliked due to her perceived populism. Sebastián Piñera, the first right-wing President democratically elected since 1958, is also a very (in)famous public figure in Chile. Known for his frequent malapropism, an unbreakable record of faceplants, and [[TheJinx the seemingly justified belief that he causes bad luck to people around him,]] he is considered among chileans as some kind of buffoon, even by his own supporters. He also descends from [[FamousAncestor Huayna Capac]], making him a member of the Royal Incaic House. [[IdiotHero Beware.]]

Before the Spanish arrival, Chile was part of the Qullasuyu, the southern part of the Inca Empire. The central and southern parts of the territory was controlled by the Mapuche tribes, who are known for successfully repeling both Inca and Spanish invaders. The southern area, namely the Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, were populated by the Patagones, a group of different tribes that were mistaken for giants by the Europeans.

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party, who is known for her progressive ways, but being disliked due to her perceived populism. Sebastián Piñera, the first right-wing President democratically elected since 1958, is also a very (in)famous public figure in Chile. Known for his frequent malapropism, an unbreakable record of faceplants, and [[TheJinx the seemingly justified belief that he causes bad luck to people around him,]] he is considered among chileans as some kind of buffoon, even by his own supporters.

Chile, like the rest of Latin America, is a multiethnic country, but due to the mixing and numerous immigrants that came from elsewhere, it's hard to keep track of ancestry and race, so most people if asked will answer with whatever group they might feel identified.

The native language of Chile, Chilidugú, became extint during the colonial era, so spanish is the current de facto language. It's spoken fast, eliminating the s' and d's from words. It mixes a lot of words from chilidugun and quechua, and it varies between upper and low classes. Other European languages like English, Portuguese, and French are spoken to some degree by people around the country, with fluency varying from person to person. Surviving chilean languages are the Mapudungun languages and Southern Aymara, while many other native tongues were lost thanks to cultural assimilation and the extermination of local tribes.

* Whites or Caucasians: Like Mestizos, they descend from Spanish, French, Germans, Palestinians, Dutch, Syrians, Egyptians, or British. A number of them compose the chilean upper class.
* Amerindians: During the Inca rule, Chile was populated by multiple indigenous people. While not a majority, many chileans can be considered full-blooded Native Americans. Only a handful of them keep practicing their pre-hispanic traditions.

Spanish is the de facto language of Chile. It's spoken fast, eliminating the s' and d's from words. It mixes a lot of Native words and varies between the Upper and Low class, and between the City and Country people. Other European languages like English, Portuguese, and French are spoken to some degree by people around the country, with fluency varying from person to person. The most spoken native languages are Mapudungun, Quechua and Aymara, while many other native toungues were lost thanks to cultural assimilation and the extermination of local tribes.

For work made by Chileans or featuring it, see ChileanMedia.

-->--''Webcomic/{{Polandball}}'' , "[[http://i.imgur.com/2aVkaQT.png Keeping True to One's Fate]]"

-->--'''Webcomic/{{Polandball}}''', ''[[http://i.imgur.com/2aVkaQT.png Keeping True to One's Fate]]''

Bernardo O'Higgins led the country until he was forced to abdicate in 1823. Then came 5 years of what is currently called "Ensayos Constitucionales" ([[ExactlyWhatItSaysOnTheTin Constitutional Attempts/Try-outs]]), which includes governments that lasted six, five, and even three days. After that, and guided by Diego Portales Palazuelos, Chile's governance stabilized. Between 1879-1883, it fought and defeated Peru and Bolivia in the War of the Pacific, conquering the Litoral from UsefulNotes/{{Bolivia}} and landlocking that country (to Bolivia's continuing dismay/fury). This period of (relative) stability would last until the civil war of 1891, which gave power to the Parliament instead, until the arrival of Arturo Alessandri -- the following governments would go for the presidential route, but in ''many'' different ways...

Oh, and [[ArsonMurderAndJaywalking their flag is very similar to Texas' flag]]. But in their defense, Chile adopted his flag in 1817, way earlier than [[EverythingIsBigInTexas Texas]].

!!Work made by Chile or featuring it:

[[AC:Comics]]
* ''Series/TreintaYUnMinutos'': Puppets running a news show.
* ''{{Condorito}}''
* ''DoctorMortis'': Horror, suspense and the macabre, like ''TalesFromTheCrypt''.

[[AC:Film]]
* ''The Black Pimpernel''
* ''Death and the Maiden'': The original play is by a Chilean writer. Both the play and Polanski's film happen in an "unnamed South American country", but it's supposed to be Chile.
* ''Film/JackalOfNahueltoro''
* ''{{Missing}}'': Based on the story of journalist Charles Horman. It also happens in an "unnamed South American country".
* ''{{No}}'': A film about the marketing campaign that brought an unexpected victory in a national referendum to depose Pinochet from power.
* ''TheMotorcycleDiaries'': The adaptation, with Gael Garcia Bernal playing Ernesto "Che" Guevara. "Chileeeee! Viva Chile po!"

[[AC:Literature]]
* ''Literature/TwentySixSixtySix''
* ''Literature/DistantStar''
* ''Literature/EvaLuna''
* ''Literature/TheHouseOfTheSpirits'': Creator/IsabelAllende's first and most famous book.
* Literature/{{Papelucho}} series
* ''Literature/SantaMariaDeLasFloresNegras''
* ''Literature/TheSavageDetectives''

[[AC:Music]]
* ''Music/{{Dorso}}''
* ''Music/LosJaivas''
* ''Víctor Jara''

[[AC:Live Action TV]]
* ''Series/{{Los80}}''
* ''Series/{{Profugos}}''

[[AC:Tabletop Game]]
* ''TabletopGame/MitosYLeyendas''

[[AC:Video Games]]
* ''VideoGame/ZenoClash''

->''UsefulNotes/{{Spain}} foresaw the need. He acquired the necessary clay through [[BlatantLies totally legitimate means.]] This clay is named "The End of the World" in local languages. But in frozen wastelands far to the South, Spain did not find what he sought. Instead, Spain found the future colony's fate in desert and sea. He knew that his son would one day achieve his destiny - not today, but in hundreds of years he will know why he was created:''

-->''To landlock UsefulNotes/{{Bolivia}}.''

* ''ZenoClash''

Currently the country is being led by Michelle Bachelet from the Socialist Party, who is known for her progressive ways, but being disliked due to her perceived populism. Sebastián Piñera, the first right-wing President democratically elected since 1958, is also a very (in)famous public figure in Chile. Known for his frequent malapropism, an unbreakable record of faceplants, his unnerving smile, and [[TheJinx the seemingly justified belief that he causes bad luck to people around him,]] he is considered among chileans as some kind of buffoon, even by his own supporters.