History Main / Commune

* The ''Series/Victorious''/''Series/ICarly''/''Series/SamAndCat'' fic series "[[https://archiveofourown.org/series/3705832 More Moons than Our Eyes Can Recount and Store]]" focuses on most of the major characters in both series (including Tori, Carly, Spencer, and Sam) revealing that they are werewolves as they form romantic relationships with various others, such as Sam and Carly dating before Carly left to live with her father and Cat joining them in a poly relationship after she and Cat started dating before Carly returned. After they have all graduated from high school, Beck suggests that they all pitch in to help him purchase an old summer camp so that they can form a commune of sorts, allowing the werewolves to run free on the nights on the full moon with ease while still being close enough for them all to find work in the city.

* Creator/PhilipKDick's novel ''A Maze of Death'' opens with several strangers arriving at the "Tekel Upharsin Kibbutz".
* The novel ''The Persistence of Vision'' by Creator/JohnVarley features a commune of deaf-blind people. They have some friends and their children to interact with the outside world when they need to. They also found themselves at times dealing with a hostile outside world, being attacked by a biker gang, and having to deal with [[DepartmentOfChildDisservices social services trying to take their kids away from them]].

* A handful of examples in [[ComicBook/UltimateXmen Ultimate X-Men]] as a consequence of mutants navigating a society that hates and fears them more overtly in a Darker and Edgier setting. Instead of seizing a country, Magneto based his Brotherhood on an island that they turned into the Savage Land. There they plan to build a culture of mutant supremacy from the ground up, which seems to involve seizing iconic arts of human culture while destroying their institutions as well as humans [[ImAHumanitarian for cattle]]. Later on surviving X-Men and some other mutants are granted a reservation on a barren piece of American soil. Using their powers they manage to not only terraform it into something livable, but engineer an adaptive, sentient crop as well that puts them on the map as a solution to world hunger.
* ''Franchise/WonderWoman'':

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* Creator/PhilipKDick's novel ''A Maze Of Death'' opens with several strangers arriving at the "Tekel Upharsin Kibbutz".

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* ''Series/TheOuterLimits1995'': In "[[Recap/TheOuterLimits1995S4E17Lithia Lithia]]" the future female society all live in these, which they call "enclaves". All resources appear to be shared as needed wherever the World Council rules they should go. From what can be seen, they even live communally in the same buildings (no separate houses are shown), a feature that not all real communes have.

* ''Series/TheTwilightZone1959'': In "[[Recap/TheTwilightZoneS4E118OnThursdayWeLeaveForHome On Thursday We Leave for Home]]", in order to keep control over "his" people once they return to Earth, Captain William Benteen intends to obtain a land grant from the US government so they can set up their own community isolated from the outside world. He takes it for granted that the other survivors will follow him unquestionably. However, when Colonel Sloane advises him to discuss the matter with them, Benteen discovers that they all intend to go their separate way and settle in different states. Benteen is devastated.

** In "Quarantine", after being revived from [[HumanPopsicle cryo-stasis]], Matthew Foreman finds himself in what appears to be a small, primitive farming community in 2347. He later learns that although they have abandoned all forms of machinery, they are far from primitive as they use BioAugmentation to improve both themselves and the world around them.
** In "The Wall", the [[CoolGate Gate]] leads to a small, agrarian community on a ParadisePlanet where the people work together for their mutual advantage.

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* ''WesternAnimation/TheSimpsons''. In "D'oh-in in the Wind", it is revealed that at some point, Homer's mother Mona started spending time at a commune with two hippies, Seth and Munchie.

* TheReveal of ''Film/TheVillage'' is that Covington, which appeared to be an isolated 19th century town, is this. The founders actually established the community back in TheSeventies, turning their backs on modern civilization to live in an enclosed community.

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* Months before the alleged "Summer of Love" in 1967, so many predators -- especially coke and meth dealers -- had moved in on the Haight-Ashbury district having heard of the coming influx of kids,[[note]]Having heard and believed two years of media hype about hippieland as a free love Utopia of "gentle people with flowers in their hair" rather than the [[https://bampfa.org/program/hippie-modernism-struggle-utopia work in progress]] it really was[[/note]] that real hippies were starting to leave. Many bought land in rural areas, established single-family farms, collective farms or communes. They practiced organic farming, reclaimed rural skills, started the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-to-the-land_movement Back to the Land movement]] and founded ''[[http://www.motherearthnews.com Mother Earth News]]'' (which actually coined the phrase "back to the land"). This magazine, which still exists, created a sub-Trope Namer for hippies as having "left the cities, moved to Oregon, mellowed out and raised potatoes." You can read about them in Carter Taylor Seaton's book ''Hippie Homesteaders'' about the many who made West Virginia their home, Michael Watts' ''West of Eden'' about northern California, and Margaret Grundstein's ''Naked in the Woods'', narrating the unvarnished and messy reality of building a successful (or not) community in said environment, on land near Flores Creek, Oregon. Another book about this same Oregon commune is Carol Schlanger's ''Hippie Woman Wild''. Vermont Public Radio [[http://digital.vpr.net/post/communes-hippie-invasion-and-how-1970s-changed-state#stream/0 remembers the Vermont communes]]; the independent newspaper ''Seven Days'' has [[http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/hippie-havens/Content?oid=2134607 a more in-depth article on Vermont here]].

Contrary to popular misconceptions, most modern communes (and many of the 60s and 70s variety) are not free-love refuges for flower children,[[note]]Most communes of this type foundered not so much because of sex or drugs, but due to disbelief in leadership which they feared would encourage micromanaging by "structure freaks", creating a microcosm of the straight Establishment system they were working to overcome. They dispensed with even basic organization and planning.[[/note]] but well-ordered, pragmatic cooperatives. And as Kate Daloz says in her book ''We Are As Gods'', "every last leaf and crumb of today's $39 billion organic food industry owes its existence" to the hippie communes of the 60s and 70s. Think about this trope the next time you buy Stonyfield yogurt, Twin Oaks furniture, Celestial Seasonings tea, Cascadia Farms food, or Tom's of Maine and Burt's Bees cosmetics. There are many contemporary intentional communities all over the world, including Israeli kibbutzes, Indian ashrams and American/European Anabaptist[[note]]UsefulNotes/{{Amish}}, Mennonite and Hutterite[[/note]] communities.

This is often the habitat (in fiction) of the NewAgeRetroHippie, HippieParents, and the GranolaGirl, often city dwellers who felt the CallToAgriculture or thought TheSimpleLifeIsSimple. The darker variant involves {{cult}}s full of HorrorHippies or {{Crazy Survivalist}}s[=/=]{{Right Wing Militia Fanatic}}s and DirtyCommunists, since most communist states had collective farms that were (usually mandatory) communes. Even outside CommieLand, communists and other leftists have lived this way at times, or supported it at least.

* The [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adamites Adamite]] nudist free-love communes go back to the 2nd century.

%%Examples are alphabetized. Please leave examples in alphabetical order.

* A handful of examples in [[ComicBook/UltimateXmen Ultimate X-Men]] as a consequence of mutants navigating a society that hates and fears them more overtly in a Darker and Edgier setting. Instead of seizing a country, Magneto based his Brotherhood on an island that they turned into the Savage Land. There they plan to build a culture of mutant supremacy from the ground up, which seems to involve seizing iconic arts of human culture while destroying their institutions as well as humans [[ImAHumanitarian for cattle]]. Later on surviving X-Men and some other mutants are granted a reservation on a barren piece of American soil. Using their powers they manage to not only terraform it into something livable, but engineer an adaptive, sentient crop as well that puts them on the map as a solution to world hunger.

* Creator/PhilipKDick's novel ''A Maze Of Death'' opens with several strangers arriving at the "Tekel Upharsin Kibbutz".
* The novel ''The Persistence of Vision'' by Creator/JohnVarley features a commune of deaf-blind people. They have some friends and their children to interact with the outside world when they need to. They also found themselves at times dealing with a hostile outside world, being attacked by a biker gang, and having to deal with [[DepartmentOfChildDisservices social services trying to take their kids away from them]].

* After Michael Smith, the first human born on Mars, builds his new religion, the "Church of All Worlds", in ''Literature/StrangerInAStrangeLand'', he and his intimates live together in a nudist free love communal home called "the nest". It's actually strictly disciplined and the residents are studying to become superbeings who will soon run the world via PsychicPowers[[note]]accessible to all humans who can learn the Martian language[[/note]] and Michael's unbelievable wealth. Tim Zell and a few friends tried to re-create this environment if not the goals (since neither the Martian language nor unbelievable wealth were available to them) starting in 1962. Their [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_All_Worlds Church of All Worlds]], which went in a neopagan direction in 1974, still exists today.
* In Creator/SMStirling's ''T2'' series (sequels to ''Film/Terminator2JudgmentDay''), antagonist Ron Labane starts out living at a commune that's held on since the 70s, although he abandons it when he decides that the others have sold out.

* ''Literature/TheScholomance'': El and her mother Gwen, both wizards, live with [[{{Masquerade}} unknowing Muggles]] in a rural New Age commune where Gwen can experience nature and offer free healing. The others aren't any paragons of moral purity, since they [[AllOfTheOtherReindeer cold-shouldered a young El]] to the point of ignoring her in an emergency, but El generally thinks well enough of the place.
* The almost-forgotten James Leo Herlihy novel ''Literature/TheSeasonOfTheWitch'' is about a 17-year-old runaway who goes to New York with a draft-dodging friend and ends up living in a city commune. The residents have outside jobs and pool money and resources. They have friends attempting realistic plans at a "New America". There is another city commune in Toronto later in the story.
* If you want to try this yourself, books like [[http://www.aliciabaylaurel.com Alicia Bay Laurel]]'s ''Living on the Earth'', John & Jane Shuttleworth's ''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Earth_News Mother Earth News]]'' and Stewart Brand's ''The Whole Earth Catalog'' series are how-to guides for communal/rural living skills. Joan Shortney's ''[[https://www.amazon.com/Live-Nothing-John-Ranson-Shortney/dp/B000GU99CY/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1501453644&sr=8-1&keywords=How+to+live+on+nothing How to Live on Nothing]]'' and the ''[[http://www.foxfire.org Foxfire]]'' series may help with both rural and city communes.

* Naomi's mum Gina in ''Series/{{Skins}}'' turns their house into a commune populated by naked people, Jesus lookalikes, free love (one of the hippies notes of just-woken-up-naked-Naomi that "it's nothing he hasn't seen before", and she's "even got the same haircut her mum does"-he's not looking at her head), random transients and dopey women called Dopey who object to the heteronormative patriarchal symbolism of the humble banana.
* The Meyerist community in ''Series/ThePath''. Since the mid-1970s, people have lived and worked there, growing food and pooling resources. They sell swag and books and give classes to earn more money. It's still a very '70s place owing to Meyerist attitudes and styles. It was originally the family farm of founder Steve Meyer. When prospective leader Eddie Lane has a vision of "The Garden" of Meyerist prophecy, it looks just like a more complete version of the community.

* ''Series/MixedIsh'': The Johnson family previously lived on one that was committed to racial equality, with many mixed-race families like themselves before the authorities closed it down. Afterward, moving to the outside world where this is still far less acceptable in the US gives the series much of its drama.

* In ''Series/{{LOST}}'', a flashback in season 3 shows that John Locke joined a commune for a time, until he eventually led the cops to their camp's secret marijuana farm, and had to move on.
* ''Series/TheSociety'': After finding themselves stuck in another world, Allie and the town's government decide to then collectivize assets (like houses or cars) for survival. This displeases richer residents who lost their property, but seems to work overall. They also assign chores, with rations allocated in return.
* ''Series/Sense8'': Amanita grew up in a commune where her [[HippieParents Hippie mother]] lived for a while. She and Nomi are surprised when they find that the cabin owned by Angelica, who "birthed" Nomi's [[PsychicLink Sensate Cluster]], happens to be near that very commune.
* ''Series/TidelandsNetflix'': L'Attente is officially just a kind of hippie free love group who live together while sharing resources, but they're really [[HalfHumanHybrid siren-human hybrids]] and involved with drug trafficking. They still practice the free love part, but now members are paid according to how much Adrielle deems they contributed.

Communes originated in medieval Europe, springing up throughout Italy, France, Germany and Flanders. At the time, they denoted a self-governing town whose citizens had entered an "agreement" to protect and collaborate with one another. They would later become linked with UsefulNotes/{{Socialism}}, most notably with the rise (and bloody fall) of the Paris Commune in 1871. Communal institutions were established as a system of collectivized agriculture in the Soviet Union and China, designed to create developed, self-reliant rural communities with shared farm labor. The inefficiencies and failures of these communal systems would unfortunately lead to [[UsefulNotes/TheHolodomor mass famines]].

In the United States, communal living became a popular experiment throughout the 1960s. Hippie writer/editor/computer innovator [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewart_Brand Stewart Brand]] founded ''The Whole Earth Catalog'' based on his observation that lots of young people were leaving mainstream society and attempting to re-invent civilization. Other hippie philosophers including Timothy Leary, Alan Watts, Allen Ginsburg and Gary Snyder expressed similar ideas. Tapes of their "[[https://psychedelicsalon.com/podcast-193-alan-watts-friends-the-houseboat-summit-1967%e2%80%b3/ Psychedelic Summit]]" meeting discussing just how to do it and the possibility of humanity returning to an "Adam and Eve" [[TheSimpleLifeIsSimple simplicity]] still circulate on line.

Contrary to popular misconceptions, most modern communes (and many of the 60s and 70s variety) are not free-love refuges for flower children,[[note]]Most communes of this type foundered not so much because of sex or drugs, but due to disbelief in leadership which they feared would encourage micromanaging by "structure freaks", creating a microcosm of the straight Establishment system they were working to overcome. They dispensed with even basic organization and planning.[[/note]] but well-ordered, pragmatic cooperatives. And as Kate Daloz says in her book ''We Are As Gods'', "every last leaf and crumb of today's $39 billion organic food industry owes its existence" to the hippie communes of the 60s and 70s. Think about this trope the next time you buy Stonyfield yogurt, Twin Oaks furniture, Celestial Seasonings tea, Cascadia Farms food, or Tom's of Maine and Burt's Bees cosmetics. There are many contemporary intentional communities all over the world, including Israeli kibbutzes, Indian ashrams and American/European Anabaptist communities.

Communal living was a popular experiment in the 1960s. Hippie writer/editor/computer innovator [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewart_Brand Stewart Brand]] founded ''The Whole Earth Catalog'' based on his observation that lots of people were leaving mainstream society and attempting to re-invent civilization. Other hippie philosophers including Timothy Leary, Alan Watts, Allen Ginsburg and Gary Snyder expressed similar ideas. Tapes of their "[[https://psychedelicsalon.com/podcast-193-alan-watts-friends-the-houseboat-summit-1967%e2%80%b3/ Psychedelic Summit]]" meeting discussing just how to do it and the possibility of humanity returning to an "Adam and Eve" [[TheSimpleLifeIsSimple simplicity]] still circulate on line.

Contrary to popular misconceptions, most modern communes (and many of the 60s and 70s variety) are not free-love refuges for flower children,[[note]]Most communes of this type foundered not so much because of sex or drugs, but due to disbelief in leadership which they feared would encourage micromanaging by "structure freaks", creating a microcosm of the straight Establishment system they were working to overcome. They dispensed with even basic organization and planning.[[/note]] but well-ordered, financially solvent cooperatives where pragmatics, not psychedelics, rule the day. There are many contemporary intentional communities all over the world. And as Kate Daloz says in her book ''We Are As Gods'', "every last leaf and crumb of today's $39 billion organic food industry owes its existence" to the hippie communes of the 60s and 70s. Think about this trope the next time you buy Stonyfield yogurt, Twin Oaks furniture, Celestial Seasonings tea, Cascadia Farms food, or Tom's of Maine and Burt's Bees cosmetics.

* ''The Last Station'' shows Creator/LeoTolstoy's Yasnaya Polyana farm estate, which he was running as a commune at the time.

* ''Literature/JPod'' John Doe is the son of a militant lesbian second-wave anarcho-feminist and a turkey baster, and was raised in a commune of like-minded women. He left the commune at age 18 because he dreamed of having a door (his mother considered doors to be symbols of the male desire to confine and isolate women and unironically referred to them as "wooden burqas") and has since been on a quest to [[ObsessivelyNormal become the most average person ever.]]

* The movie ''Film/{{Flashback}}'', with Dennis Hopper and Kiefer Sutherland, revealed that [[spoiler:straightlaced FBI agent John Buckner]] (Sutherland) spent his childhood on a commune with his HippieParents, who named him "[[HippieName Free]]". He and hippie convict Huey Walker (Hopper) end up fleeing through the West Coast wilderness to that very same commune many years later.

** Some Fundamentalist groups still practice the United Order such as the FLDS[[note]]Whichis, as of 2022, being provatized apart from Canadian holdings[[/note]] and the Kingston clan.

* Any monastery where monks or nuns[[note]]Nuns live in monasteries, sequestered from the everyday world and dedicated to a life of prayer, as in Rumer Godden's ''In This House Of Brede'', doing practical and creative work within the enclosure. Convents have sisters, who go out into the everyday world as teachers, nurses, etc. Monasteries vs. friaries are the same setups for male devotees.[[/note]] make a vow of poverty (which means they can't own personal property) is effectively a functional commune. This applies not only to Christian varieties, as Hindu, Buddhist and Jain monastics also exist, with their own abbeys (these predate Christianity).

* The United Order, in USefulNotes/{{Mormonism}}, founded in 1831, was an attempt in this as was a pre-Mormon commune called "The Family", begun as part of the Christian Restoration movement.

* The movie ''Film/{{Flashback}}'', with Dennis Hopper and Kiefer Sutherland, revealed that straightlaced FBI agent John Buckner (Sutherland) spent his childhood on a commune with his HippieParents, who named him "Free".

* In the 1970s, the idea of the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-to-the-land_movement back to the land]] hippie commune was so widespread and so popular that [[http://clickamericana.com/eras/1970s/sunshine-family-from-mattel-1974-1978 it gave rise]] [[https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Ffabysattic.eklablog.com%2Fthe-sunshine-family-1974-1982-generalites-c315333&edit-text=&act=url in 1974]] to [[http://ilovethesunshinefamily.blogspot.com/ a line of Mattel dolls]] and [[http://clickamericana.com/eras/1970s/sunshine-family-play-sets-1970s playsets]].

* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auroville Auroville, India]], founded in 1968, is a town where the members are expected to fill the community chest either in cash or in kind.

** The San Francisco Diggers of the 1960s were named for this group. While they didn't necessarily live together, they were nonviolent anarchists who firmly believed in finding realistic methods to establish a totally free economy without property ownership. They collected and gave away still-good food thrown away by restaurants and grocery stores, ran "free stores", [[http://www.diggers.org/digger_papers.htm published literature]] and put on plays illustrating their beliefs. A similar group in the UK founded by labor activist Sid Rawle did start several communes, some funded by Music/JohnLennon.

* [[http://www.ourbrowncounty.com/0311s2.htm Needmore]], in Brown County, Indiana, founded in the 1960s by [[http://www.ourbrowncounty.com/0311s2.htm the wealthy Canada family]] started as a commune but became a co-op, likewise today's thriving [[https://elvinhome.org/ Lothlorien Nature Sanctuary]] in Lawrence County.

* Another commune still running strong is [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Farm_%28Tennessee%29 The Farm]] although [[http://kk.org/mt-files/writings/why_we_left_the_farm.pdf it had kind of a rough start]].

* ''Literature/TheScholomance'': El and her mother Gwen, both wizards, live with [[{{Masquerade}} unknowing Muggles]] in a rural New Age commune where Gwen can experience nature and offer free healing. The others aren't any paragons of moral purity, since they deliberately ignored a very young El when they heard her screaming in an emergency, but El generally thinks well enough of the place.

* TheReveal of ''Film/TheVillage'' is that Covington, which appeared to be an isolated 19th century town, is this. The founders actually established the community back in TheSeventies, turning their backs on modern civilization to live in an enclosed community.* In the TimeSkip between ''Film/XMenApocalypse'' and ''Film/DarkPhoenix'' Magneto has retired and established a commune for mutants on a small remote island.