Line #24 UsefulNotes/LouisXIII


1	[[quoteright:300:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/louisxiii.jpg]]
2
3	Louis XIII (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi King]] of UsefulNotes/{{France}} from 1610 to 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged to the French crown.
4
5	Louis succeeded his assassinated father Henry IV as king of France and Navarre a few months before his [[AChildShallLeadThem ninth birthday]]. His mother, Marie de' Medici, acted as regent during Louis's minority. Mismanagement of the kingdom and ceaseless political intrigues by Marie de' Medici and her Italian favourites led the young king to take power in 1617 by exiling his mother and executing her followers, including Concino Concini, the most influential Italian at the French court.
6
7	Louis XIII, taciturn and suspicious, relied heavily on his chief minister UsefulNotes/CardinalRichelieu to govern the kingdom of France. King and cardinal are remembered for the establishment of the Académie Française and for putting an end to the revolt of the French nobility. The reign of Louis "The Just" was also marked by the struggles against Huguenots and the [[UsefulNotes/TheSoundOfMartialMusic Habsburg Empire]], especially its branch in the neighboring UsefulNotes/{{Spain}}, headed by King UsefulNotes/PhilipIV and his own minister the Count-Duke of Olivares. Louis and Philip were ironically brothers-in-law, as Louis was married to Philip's sister Anne of Austria, who was ''also'' Louis' [[KissingCousins cousin]].
8
9	France initially only backed the Habsburgs' enemies, but after UsefulNotes/CardinalInfanteFerdinand of Spain threatened to change the tide despite this support, Richelieu had France enter directly the conflict. Their greatest victory in the conflicts against the Habsburgs during the period 1635-59 came at the Battle of Rocroi (1643), five days after Louis's death from apparent complications of intestinal tuberculosis. This battle marked the beginning of the end of Spain's military dominance in Europe[[note]]Long-term. Rocroi tends to be thrown in textbooks as a GameOver for Spain, but in reality it was followed by a comparable Spanish victory in Tuttlingen and fifteen more years of threat to France. The battle's true value for the French was spiritual, as it was their first big, clear cut win over the ''tercios'' in a century and reminded them that Spain could be defeated.[[/note]] and foreshadowed French ascendancy in Europe under UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, his son and successor, who fully assumed power in 1661 following the regency during which his mother Anne of Austria and UsefulNotes/CardinalMazarin governed.
10	----
11
12	!!Tropes as portrayed in fiction:
13
14	* DemotedToExtra: As most of his depictions appear in adaptations of ''The Three Musketeers'' where he has a very small role, he's almost always overshadowed by Richelieu and even Queen Anne of Austria.
15
16	!!Appears/gets mentioned in the following works:
17
18	* The ''Art/MarieDeMediciCycle'' stylistically chronicles his mother and depicts her conflict with him.
19	* Appears in the 1826 novel ''Cinq Mars'' by Alfred de Vigny, about a conspiracy to topple Richelieu.
20	* ''Literature/TheThreeMusketeers'' (1844) and its [[AdaptationOverdosed countless]] faithful-to-loose [[DerivativeWorks/DArtagnanRomances adaptations]]. His depiction, and the varying levels of DawsonCasting (he's supposed to be 26 in 1627, the year the first book is set in) regardless of accuracy, varies ''a lot'' DependingOnTheWriter.
21	** Portrayed by 46 year old Louis Arbessier in the [[Film/TheThreeMusketeers1953 1953 French film]].
22	** Portrayed by 40 year old Guy Tréjean in the [[Film/TheThreeMusketeers1961 1961 French films]].
23	** Creator/JeanPierreCassel played him in the first two films of Richard Lester's [[Film/TheThreeMusketeers1973 version]] as a bit eccentric, as for instance he plays chess games with costumed little people as the pieces. He was 40-41 at the time.
24	** He is quite whiny and both a RoyalBrat and a {{Manchild}} in the animated series ''WesternAnimation/AlbertTheFifthMusketeer'', which is loosely based on ''The Three Musketeers'' and moreso depicts him with clothes, a lifestyle and a court that have more to do with the time of his son Louis XIV than his own.
25	** ''Series/TheMusketeers'', where he's played by Ryan Gage, also portrays him as a {{Manchild}} who throws tantrums when things don't go his way and blames the Musketeers for his own mistakes.
26	** He's long since dead in ''Film/TheManInTheIronMask'' (1998) but his reputation in it is still unflattering, as D'Artagnan says the Musketeers have long dreamed of serving "a king worthy of the throne" which to date has apparently not happened. [[spoiler:Plus in this version he isn't actually the father of Louis XIV and his fictional twin Philippe, since Anne of Austria had an affair with D'Artagnan.]]
27	** Contrasting greatly is his depiction in [[Film/TheThreeMusketeers1993 1993 film]] where he's essentially a nice guy who loves his Queen but is manipulated by Richelieu, and he essentially becomes a DistressedDude at the end along with the Queen. Played by 18 year old Hugh O'Conor.
28	** ''Film/TheMusketeer'' (2001) made him an UpperClassTwit and a bit of a sexist who demeans the Queen and thinks he can stop a riot just by telling the rioters to stop.
29	** He's TheGhost in ''Film/{{Milady}}'' (2004), only Queen Anne appears.
30	** ''Film/{{The Three Musketeers\|2011}}'' (2011) made him a CampStraight guy who despite appearances just wants to get closer to the Queen, and even looks to D'Artagnan for relationship advice.
31	** In the British 2023 ''[[Film/TheThreeMusketeers2023UK Three Musketeers]]'' film, he's played by Tom Taplin (who was in his mid-20s).
32	** He's played by 39 year old Creator/LouisGarrel in 2023's ''Film/{{The Three Musketeers\|2023}}'' diptych from France.
33	* The novel series ''Literature/FortuneDeFrance'' by Creator/RobertMerle, specifically from the seventh novel to the thirteenth.
34	* In ''Film/LeCapitan'', he appears as a teen and target of [[HistoricalVillainUpgrade Concino Concini]]'s conspiracy. Played by Christian Fourcade.
35	* In ''Film/LeCapitaineFracasse'', a CommediaDellArte troupe performs a stage show for him. Played by René Charvey.
36	* Played by Creator/PhilippeNoiret in the 1964 film ''Cyrano & D'Artagnan''.
37	* Creator/KenRussell's ''Film/TheDevils'', a rather controversial film and a fairly unflattering depiction (though Louis XIII gets a better deal than Richelieu).
38	* In ''Film/LouisTheChildKing'', he is a ghost who talks to his eleven year old son Louis XIV. Voiced by Marcel Bozonnet.
39	* The French campaign of ''VideoGame/CossacksEuropeanWars'' happens under his reign for the most part.
40	* Has a short appearance in ''Series/{{Versailles}}'', played by David Stanley.

Context UsefulNotes / LouisXIII