Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 223,225 (click to see context) from:
After Sweyn died in February 1014, [=Æthelred=]’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. [=Æthelred=] was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
to:
After Sweyn died in February 1014, [=Æthelred=]’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute Cnut was ravaging England. [=Æthelred=] was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
Changed line(s) 228,230 (click to see context) from:
Following the decisive Battle of Assandun on 18 October 1016, King Edmund signed a treaty with Canute under which all of England except for Wessex would be controlled by Canute. Upon Edmund's death just over a month later on 30 November, Canute ruled the whole kingdom as its sole king for nineteen years.
to:
Following the decisive Battle of Assandun on 18 October 1016, King Edmund signed a treaty with Canute Cnut under which all of England except for Wessex would be controlled by Canute. Cnut. Upon Edmund's death just over a month later on 30 November, Canute Cnut ruled the whole kingdom as its sole king for nineteen years.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 8,9 (click to see context) from:
A word on pronunciation; the Anglo-Saxons had a predilection for some pretty intimidating-looking, tongue-warping names, though a good starting point is to know that the prefix “Æth” is pronounced “eth” to rhyme with “Beth”. You’ll see a lot of Æthel-something-or-other names, which means "noble", and is common prefix for high-status Anglo-Saxon names; Æthelred — “Eth-uhl-red” — for example means "noble counsel" and [=Æthelflæd=] — “Eth-uhl-fled” — means “noble beauty”.
to:
A word on pronunciation; the Anglo-Saxons had a predilection for some pretty intimidating-looking, tongue-warping names, though a good starting point is to know that the prefix “Æth” “[=Æth=]” is pronounced “eth” to rhyme with “Beth”. You’ll see a lot of Æthel-something-or-other [=Æthel=]-something-or-other names, which means "noble", and is common prefix for high-status Anglo-Saxon names; Æthelred [=Æthelred =] — “Eth-uhl-red” — for example means "noble counsel" and [=Æthelflæd=] — “Eth-uhl-fled” — means “noble beauty”.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 84,85 (click to see context) from:
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/aethel.jpg]]
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
Changed line(s) 110 (click to see context) from:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/aethelstan1_of_england.jpg]]
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/aethelstan1_of_england.jpg]] org/pmwiki/pub/images/c75f97a6_adf3_4be4_b9b2_376aecc55c8f.jpeg]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
A word on pronunciation; the Anglo-Saxons had a predilection for some pretty intimidating-looking, tongue-warping names, though a good starting point is to know that the prefix “Æth” is pronounced “eth” to rhyme with “Beth”. You’ll see a lot of Æthel-something-or-other names, which means "noble", and is common prefix for high-status Anglo-Saxon names; Æthelred — “Eth-uhl-red” — for example means "noble counsel" and [=Æthelflæd=] — “Eth-uhl-fled” — means “noble beauty”.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 67,68 (click to see context) from:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated rulers]], there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- see UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat. Speaking of prominent British monarchs, [[HMTheQueen Elizabeth II]], is his 32nd great-granddaughter.
to:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated rulers]], there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- see UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat. Speaking of prominent British monarchs, [[HMTheQueen [[UsefulNotes/{{HMTheQueen}} Elizabeth II]], is his 32nd great-granddaughter.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 6,7 (click to see context) from:
The Anglo-Saxon line, as noted below, was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} William, Duke of Normandy]], later William I of England and thereafter known as the Conqueror.
to:
The Anglo-Saxon line, as noted below, was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), Godwinson, who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by Edward the Confessor’s first cousin once-removed, [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} William, Duke of Normandy]], later William I of England and thereafter known as the Conqueror.
Changed line(s) 67,72 (click to see context) from:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated rulers]], there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- see UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat.
He is the only monarch in British history afforded the accolade "The Great". There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime and reached its height in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
Alfred was the right person in the right place at the right time. Early in his reign he very nearly succumbed, like so many of his contemporaries, to the onslaught of the Vikings, but somehow he managed to hold out. By the time of his second campaign against the Vikings, between 892 and 896, his kingdom of Wessex was better prepared to defend itself. The military changes Alfred made saved his land and his people, and secured his reputation as a war leader. Alfred was able to leave the throne far more secure than he found it, so that his son and grandsons could in due course capitalise on his achievements to become kings of all England.
He is the only monarch in British history afforded the accolade "The Great". There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime and reached its height in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
Alfred was the right person in the right place at the right time. Early in his reign he very nearly succumbed, like so many of his contemporaries, to the onslaught of the Vikings, but somehow he managed to hold out. By the time of his second campaign against the Vikings, between 892 and 896, his kingdom of Wessex was better prepared to defend itself. The military changes Alfred made saved his land and his people, and secured his reputation as a war leader. Alfred was able to leave the throne far more secure than he found it, so that his son and grandsons could in due course capitalise on his achievements to become kings of all England.
to:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated rulers]], there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- see UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat.
HeUsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat. Speaking of prominent British monarchs, [[HMTheQueen Elizabeth II]], is his 32nd great-granddaughter.
Alfred is the only monarch in British history afforded the accolade "The Great". There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime and reached its height in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
Alfred was the right person in the right place at the right time. Early in his reign he very nearly succumbed, like so many of his contemporaries, to the onslaught of the Vikings, but somehow he managed to hold out. By the time of his second campaign against the Vikings, between 892 and 896, his kingdom of Wessex was better prepared to defend itself. The military changes Alfred made saved his land and his people, and secured his reputation as a war leader. Alfred was able to leave the throne far more secure than he found it, so that his son and grandsons could in due course capitalise on his achievements to becomekings king of all England.
He
Alfred is the only monarch in British history afforded the accolade "The Great". There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime and reached its height in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
Alfred was the right person in the right place at the right time. Early in his reign he very nearly succumbed, like so many of his contemporaries, to the onslaught of the Vikings, but somehow he managed to hold out. By the time of his second campaign against the Vikings, between 892 and 896, his kingdom of Wessex was better prepared to defend itself. The military changes Alfred made saved his land and his people, and secured his reputation as a war leader. Alfred was able to leave the throne far more secure than he found it, so that his son and grandsons could in due course capitalise on his achievements to become
Deleted line(s) 75,78 (click to see context) :
The Chronicle, as we have it, consists of various manuscript versions of an original compilation made in Alfred’s reign. Topics covered are limited and seem to reflect his known interests: the accessions and deaths of kings, visits by West Saxons to Rome and, above all, battles. Very unusually among contemporary writing, there is relatively little on ecclesiastical matters and nothing to associate the work with a particular religious community. Its brief and laconic entries are deceptively simple. This was a collection of material carefully chosen to show Alfred in a favourable light.
The first stage of compilation was completed sometime between 890 and 892, when Alfred was about 40 and had been on the throne for some two decades. It was probably circulated when it was apparent that another major round of Viking wars was starting. The entries for this second phase of war are considerably more detailed, perhaps made soon after they took place, and give us much information about ninth-century military manoeuvres. These entries may have been distributed as a ‘top-up’ to those places which had received a copy of the main Chronicle compilation.
The first stage of compilation was completed sometime between 890 and 892, when Alfred was about 40 and had been on the throne for some two decades. It was probably circulated when it was apparent that another major round of Viking wars was starting. The entries for this second phase of war are considerably more detailed, perhaps made soon after they took place, and give us much information about ninth-century military manoeuvres. These entries may have been distributed as a ‘top-up’ to those places which had received a copy of the main Chronicle compilation.
Changed line(s) 85 (click to see context) from:
!!!'''[=Æthelflæd=], Lady of the Mercians'''
to:
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 163 (click to see context) from:
!!Edward the Martyr of England / Saint Edward the Martyr
to:
!!Edward the Martyr of England / Saint Edward the MartyrEngland
Changed line(s) 174 (click to see context) from:
!![=Æthelred=] II of England
to:
!![=Æthelred=] II of England (1st reign)
Changed line(s) 187,191 (click to see context) from:
Nearly all of the country was ravaged, and Ethelred’s efforts to buy peace only made the invaders more rapacious. When they did begin to settle down in towns, Ethelred provoked further invasions by launching a massacre of Danish settlers. By the end of 1013 the Danish king, Sweyn I, had been accepted as king in England, and Ethelred had fled to Normandy.
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
to:
Nearly all of the country was ravaged, and Ethelred’s efforts to buy peace only made the invaders more rapacious. When they did begin to settle down in towns, Ethelred provoked further invasions by launching a massacre of Danish settlers. By the end of 1013 the Danish king, Sweyn I, had been accepted as king in England, and Ethelred had fled to Normandy.
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
Normandy...
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
Changed line(s) 195,196 (click to see context) from:
England came under the control of Sweyn Forkbeard, a Danish king, after an invasion in 1013, during which Æthelred abandoned the throne and went into exile in Normandy.
to:
England came under the control of Sweyn Forkbeard, a Danish king, after an invasion in 1013, during which Æthelred [=Æthelred=] abandoned the throne and went into exile in Normandy.
Changed line(s) 209,212 (click to see context) from:
Viking warrior though he was, Sweyn was baptised a Christian, his father having converted to Christianity.
Despite this, Sweyn was a brutal man who lived in a brutal time; he was a violent warlord and warrior. He started his life of violence with a campaign against his own father: in around 986 AD Sweyn and his ally Palnatoke attacked and deposed Harald.
Despite this, Sweyn was a brutal man who lived in a brutal time; he was a violent warlord and warrior. He started his life of violence with a campaign against his own father: in around 986 AD Sweyn and his ally Palnatoke attacked and deposed Harald.
to:
Viking warrior though he was, Sweyn was baptised a Christian, his father having converted to Christianity.
Christianity. Despite this, Sweyn was a brutal man who lived in a brutal time; he was a violent warlord and warrior. He started his life of violence with a campaign against his own father: in around 986 AD Sweyn and his ally Palnatoke attacked and deposed Harald.
Changed line(s) 217,220 (click to see context) from:
Following the death of Sweyn Forkbeard, Æthelred the Unready returned from exile and was again proclaimed king on 3 February 1014. His son succeeded him after being chosen king by the citizens of London and the “Witan” — an assembly whose primary function was to advise the king and whose membership was composed of the most important noblemen in England.
!![=Æthelred=] II of England
!![=Æthelred=] II of England
to:
Following the death of Sweyn Forkbeard, Æthelred [=Æthelred=] the Unready returned from exile and was again proclaimed king on 3 February 1014. His son succeeded him after being chosen king by the citizens of London and the “Witan” — an assembly whose primary function was to advise the king and whose membership was composed of the most important noblemen in England.
!![=Æthelred=] II of England (2nd reign)
!![=Æthelred=] II of England (2nd reign)
Changed line(s) 229,231 (click to see context) from:
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
to:
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s [=Æthelred=]’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred [=Æthelred=] was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
!![=Æthelred=] II of England
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/800px_ethelred_the_unready.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 966 -- 23 April 1016
->'''Reigned''': 3 February 1013 — 23 April 1016 ''(second time)''
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and [=Ælfthryth=] of Devon
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Ælfgifu=] of York; (2) Emma of Normandy
->'''Nickname''': ''The Unready''
----
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
Changed line(s) 221,223 (click to see context) from:
Following the decisive Battle of Assandun on 18 October 1016, King Edmund signed a treaty with Cnut under which all of England except for Wessex would be controlled by Cnut. Upon Edmund's death just over a month later on 30 November, Cnut ruled the whole kingdom as its sole king for nineteen years.
to:
Following the decisive Battle of Assandun on 18 October 1016, King Edmund signed a treaty with Cnut Canute under which all of England except for Wessex would be controlled by Cnut. Canute. Upon Edmund's death just over a month later on 30 November, Cnut Canute ruled the whole kingdom as its sole king for nineteen years.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Following the death of Sweyn Forkbeard, Æthelred the Unready returned from exile and was again proclaimed king on 3 February 1014. His son succeeded him after being chosen king by the citizens of London and the “Witan” — an assembly whose primary function was to advise the king and whose membership was composed of the most important noblemen in England.
Changed line(s) 219 (click to see context) from:
!'''House of Wessex (restored, second time)'''
to:
Following the decisive Battle of Assandun on 18 October 1016, King Edmund signed a treaty with Cnut under which all of England except for Wessex would be controlled by Cnut. Upon Edmund's death just over a month later on 30 November, Cnut ruled the whole kingdom as its sole king for nineteen years.
!'''House of Wessex (restored, secondtime)'''time)'''
After Harthacnut, there was a brief Saxon Restoration between 1042 and 1066.
!'''House of Wessex (restored, second
After Harthacnut, there was a brief Saxon Restoration between 1042 and 1066.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
England came under the control of Sweyn Forkbeard, a Danish king, after an invasion in 1013, during which Æthelred abandoned the throne and went into exile in Normandy.
Changed line(s) 205,208 (click to see context) from:
Sweyn Forkbeard, England’s forgotten king, ruled for just 5 weeks.
Sweyn, known as “Forkbeard” due to his long, cleft beard, was the son of Harald Bluetooth, king of Denmark and was born around 960 AD.
Sweyn, known as “Forkbeard” due to his long, cleft beard, was the son of Harald Bluetooth, king of Denmark and was born around 960 AD.
to:
Sweyn Forkbeard, England’s forgotten king, ruled for just 5 weeks.
weeks. Sweyn, known as “Forkbeard” due to his long, cleft beard, was the son of Harald Bluetooth, king of Denmark and was born around 960 AD.
Denmark.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 1 (click to see context) from:
[[quoteright:350:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/wessex_6.png]]
to:
Changed line(s) 119,120 (click to see context) from:
Son of Edward the Elder, Athelstan extended the boundaries of his kingdom at the Battle of Brunanburh in 937. In what is said to be one of the bloodiest battles ever fought on British soil, Athelstan defeated a combined army of Scots, Celts, Danes and Vikings, claiming the title of King of all Britain. The battle saw for the first time [[EnemyMine individual Anglo-Saxon kingdoms being brought together to create a single and unified England]]. Athelstan is buried in Malmesbury, Wiltshire.
to:
Son of Edward the Elder, Athelstan [=Æthelstan=] extended the boundaries of his kingdom at the Battle of Brunanburh in 937. In what is said to be one of the bloodiest battles ever fought on British soil, Athelstan he defeated a combined army of Scots, Celts, Danes and Vikings, claiming the title of King of all Britain. The battle saw for the first time [[EnemyMine individual Anglo-Saxon kingdoms being brought together to create a single and unified England]]. Athelstan He is buried in Malmesbury, Wiltshire.
Changed line(s) 129,130 (click to see context) from:
Succeeded his half-bother Athelastan, above, as king at the tender age of 18, having already fought alongside him at the Battle of Brunanburh two years earlier. He re-established Anglo-Saxon control over northern England, which had fallen back under Scandinavian rule following the death of Athelstan. Aged just 25, and whilst celebrating the feast of Augustine, Edmund was stabbed by a robber in his royal hall at Pucklechurch near Bath. His two sons, Eadwig and Edgar, were perhaps considered too young to become kings.
to:
Succeeded his half-bother Athelastan, [=Æthelstan=], above, as king at the tender age of 18, having already fought alongside him at the Battle of Brunanburh two years earlier. He re-established Anglo-Saxon control over northern England, which had fallen back under Scandinavian rule following the death of Athelstan. Aged just 25, and whilst celebrating the feast of Augustine, Edmund was stabbed by a robber in his royal hall at Pucklechurch near Bath. His two sons, Eadwig and Edgar, were perhaps considered too young to become kings.
Changed line(s) 195,199 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Swyn'''
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
to:
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/f3376efd_0161_4496_b870_618874e4f8cd.jpeg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 960 — 3 February 1014
->'''Reigned''': 25 December 1013 — 3 February 1014
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Harald Bluetooth of Denmark and Tove of the Obotrites
->'''Consorts''': (1) Świętosława of Poland; (2) Sigrid the Haughty; (3) Gunhild of Wenden
->'''Nickname''': ''Forkbeard''
Changed line(s) 202,203 (click to see context) from:
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
to:
Sweyn, known as “Forkbeard” due to his long, cleft beard, was the son of Harald Bluetooth, king of Denmark and was born around 960 AD.
Viking warrior though he was, Sweyn was baptised a Christian, his father having converted to Christianity.
Despite this, Sweyn was
Sweyn then turned his attention to England and in the early AD 990s led a campaign of fear and destruction, laying waste to large areas of the country. He was declared King of England on Christmas Day in 1013 and ruled until his death on 3rd February 1014, although he
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 4,5 (click to see context) from:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex (519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Anglo-Saxon pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
to:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex (519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Anglo-Saxon pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, “the Great” who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
Changed line(s) 67,68 (click to see context) from:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated rulers]], there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat
to:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated rulers]], there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat
see UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 174 (click to see context) from:
!!Æthelred II of England
to:
Changed line(s) 179 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ælfgifu of York; (2) Emma of Normandy
to:
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ælfgifu [=Ælfgifu=] of York; (2) Emma of Normandy
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 23 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': (1) ''Lady'' Osburga; (2) Judith of Flanders
to:
->'''Consorts''': (1) ''Lady'' Osburga; Osburga of Hampshire; (2) Judith of Flanders
Changed line(s) 32 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga of Hampshire
Changed line(s) 42 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' OsburgaOsburga of Hampshire
Changed line(s) 52 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' OsburgaOsburga of Hampshire
Changed line(s) 62 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' OsburgaOsburga of Hampshire
Changed line(s) 105 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
to:
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; Ecgwynn of Wessex (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; [=Ælfflæd=] of Wiltshire; (3) EadgifuEadgifu of Kent
Changed line(s) 115 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edward the Elder and ''Lady'' Ecgwynn
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edward the Elder and ''Lady'' EcgwynnEcgwynn of Wessex
Changed line(s) 146 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consort''': [=Ælfgifu=]
to:
->'''Consort''': [=Ælfgifu=][=Ælfgifu=] of Mercia
Changed line(s) 157 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Æthelflæd=]; (2) Wulfthryth; (3) [=Ælfthryth=] of Devon
to:
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Æthelflæd=]; (2) Wulfthryth; Wulfthryth of Wiltshire; (3) [=Ælfthryth=] of Devon
Changed line(s) 167 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and [=Æthelflæd=] or Wulfthryth [[note]]it's not known which of Edgar's consorts was his mother[[/note]]
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and [=Æthelflæd=] or Wulfthryth of Wiltshire [[note]]it's not known which of Edgar's consorts was his mother[[/note]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 163 (click to see context) from:
!!Edward of England / Saint Edward the Martyr
to:
!!Edward the Martyr of England / Saint Edward the Martyr
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 157 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Æthelflæd=]; (2) Wulfthryth; (3) [=Ælfthryth=]
to:
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Æthelflæd=]; (2) Wulfthryth; (3) [=Ælfthryth=][=Ælfthryth=] of Devon
Changed line(s) 167 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and Æthelflæd or Wulfthryth [[note]]it's not known which of Edgar's consorts was his mother[[/note]]
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and Æthelflæd [=Æthelflæd=] or Wulfthryth [[note]]it's not known which of Edgar's consorts was his mother[[/note]]
Changed line(s) 174,177 (click to see context) from:
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/800px_ethelred_the_unready.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 966 -- 23 April 1016
->'''Reigned''': 18 March 978 – 1013 ''(first time)''
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and [=Ælfthryth=] of Devon
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ælfgifu of York; (2) Emma of Normandy
->'''Nickname''': ''The Unready''
----
He was an ineffectual ruler who failed to prevent the Danes from overrunning England. The epithet “unready” is derived from ''unraed'', meaning “bad counsel” or “no counsel,” and puns on his name, which means “noble counsel.”
The son of King Edgar, Ethelred ascended the throne upon the assassination of his half brother King Edward the Martyr in March 978. Widespread suspicion that Ethelred may have had a part in the murder created much of the distrust and disloyalty that undermined his authority. Hence, there was no unified defence when the Danish invasions resumed in 980.
Nearly all of the country was ravaged, and Ethelred’s efforts to buy peace only made the invaders more rapacious. When they did begin to settle down in towns, Ethelred provoked further invasions by launching a massacre of Danish settlers. By the end of 1013 the Danish king, Sweyn I, had been accepted as king in England, and Ethelred had fled to Normandy.
After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside; one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, [[ConvictedByPublicOpinion evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed.]]
Deleted line(s) 182 (click to see context) :
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 136 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': None (no issue)
to:
Changed line(s) 146 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': None (no issue)
to:
Changed line(s) 152,154 (click to see context) from:
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/new_minster_charter_966_detail_edgar.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 943 -- 8 July 975
->'''Reigned''': 1 October 959 -- 8 July 975
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edmund I and [=Ælfgifu=] of Shaftesbury
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Æthelflæd=]; (2) Wulfthryth; (3) [=Ælfthryth=]
->'''Nickname''': ''The Peaceful''
----
The youngest son of Edmund I, Edgar had been in dispute with his brother concerning succession to the throne for some years. Following Eadwig’s mysterious death, Edgar immediately recalled Dunstan from exile, making him Archbishop of Canterbury as well as his personal adviser. Following his carefully planned (by Dunstan) coronation in Bath in 973, Edgar marched his army to Chester, to be met by six kings of Britain. The kings, including the King of Scots, King of Strathclyde and various princes of Wales, are said to have signalled their allegiance to Edgar by rowing him in his state barge across the River Dee.
!!Edward of England / Saint Edward the Martyr
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edward_the_martyr___ms_royal_14_b_vi_8.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 962 -- 18 March 978
->'''Reigned''': 8 July 975 -- 18 March 978
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edgar and Æthelflæd or Wulfthryth [[note]]it's not known which of Edgar's consorts was his mother[[/note]]
->'''Consort''': n/a (murdered aged 15-16)
->'''Nickname''': ''The Martyr''
----
Eldest son of Edgar, Edward was crowned king when aged just 12. Although supported by Archbishop Dunstan, his claim to the throne was contested by supporters of his much younger half-brother Aethelred. The resulting dispute between rival factions within the church and nobility almost led to civil war in England. Edward’s short reign ended when he was murdered at Corfe Castle by followers of Aethelred, after just two and half years as king. The title ‘martyr’ was a consequence of him being seen as a victim of his WickedStepmother [=Ælfthryth=]'s ambitions for her own son Aethelred...
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 13 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consort''': Redburga
to:
->'''Consort''': Redburga of Wessex
Changed line(s) 23 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': (1) Osburga; (2) Judith of Flanders
to:
->'''Consorts''': (1) ''Lady'' Osburga; (2) Judith of Flanders
Changed line(s) 53 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consort''': Wulfrida
to:
->'''Consort''': Wulfrida of Wessex
Changed line(s) 63 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consort''': Ealhswith
to:
->'''Consort''': EalhswithEalhswith of Mercia
Changed line(s) 111 (click to see context) from:
!!'''[=Æthelstan=], King of the Anglo-Saxons / [=Æthelstan=] of the English'''
to:
!!'''[=Æthelstan=], King of the Anglo-Saxons / [=Æthelstan=] of the English'''England'''
Changed line(s) 114 (click to see context) from:
->'''Reigned''': 924 -- 927 (King the Anglo-Saxons); 927 – 27 October 939 (King of England)
to:
->'''Reigned''': 924 -- 927 (King the Anglo-Saxons); (Anglo-Saxons); 927 – 27 October 939 (King of England) (England)
Changed line(s) 121 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Edmund I, King of the Anglo-Saxons'''
to:
!!'''Edmund I, King I of the Anglo-Saxons'''England'''
Changed line(s) 131,132 (click to see context) from:
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/eadred___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': 923 -- 23 November 955
->'''Reigned''': 26 May 946 -- 23 November 955
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edward the Elder and Eadgifu of Kent
->'''Consorts''': None (no issue)
----
The son of Edward the Elder by his third marriage to Eadgifu, Eadred succeeded his brother Edmund following his premature death. He followed in the family tradition of defeating Norsemen, expelling the last Scandinavian King of York, Eric Bloodaxe, in 954. A deeply religious man, Eadred suffered a serious stomach ailment that would eventually prove fatal. Eadred died in his early 30s, unmarried and without an heir, at Frome in Somerset. He is buried in Winchester.
!!'''Eadwig of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/eadwig___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 940 -- October 959
->'''Reigned''': 23 November 955 -- 1 October 959
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edmund I and [=Ælfgifu=] of Shaftesbury
->'''Consorts''': None (no issue)
->'''Nickname''': ''The All Fair''
----
The eldest son of Edmund I, Eadwig was about 16 when he was crowned king at Kingston-upon-Thames in southeast London. Legend has it that his coronation had to be delayed to allow Bishop Dunstan to prise Eadwig from his bed, and from between the arms of his “strumpet” and the strumpets’ mother. Perhaps unimpressed by the interruption, Eadwig had Dunstan exiled to France. Eadwig died in Gloucester when he was just 20, the circumstances of his death are not recorded.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 58 (click to see context) from:
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex / Alfred, King of the English'''
to:
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex / Alfred, King of the English'''Anglo-Saxons'''
Changed line(s) 61 (click to see context) from:
->'''Reigned''': 23 April 871 -- c. 886 (Wessex); c. 886 -- 26 October 899 (England)
to:
->'''Reigned''': 23 April 871 -- c. 886 (Wessex); c. 886 -- 26 October 899 (England) (Anglo-Saxons)
Changed line(s) 100 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Edward the Elder, King of the English'''
to:
!!'''Edward the Elder, King of the English'''Anglo-Saxons'''
Changed line(s) 111,112 (click to see context) from:
!!'''[=Æthelstan=] of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edward_the_elder___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edward_the_elder___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
Changed line(s) 114 (click to see context) from:
->'''Reigned''':
to:
->'''Reigned''': 924 -- 927 (King the Anglo-Saxons); 927 – 27 October 939 (King of England)
Changed line(s) 116 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consort''':
to:
->'''Consort''': None (no issue)
Added DiffLines:
!!'''Edmund I, King of the Anglo-Saxons'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edmund_i___ms_royal_14_b_v.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': 921 -- 26 May 946
->'''Reigned''': 27 October 939 -- 26 May 946
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edward the Elder and Eadgifu of Kent
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Ælfgifu=] of Shaftesbury; (2) [=Æthelflæd=] of Damerham
----
Succeeded his half-bother Athelastan, above, as king at the tender age of 18, having already fought alongside him at the Battle of Brunanburh two years earlier. He re-established Anglo-Saxon control over northern England, which had fallen back under Scandinavian rule following the death of Athelstan. Aged just 25, and whilst celebrating the feast of Augustine, Edmund was stabbed by a robber in his royal hall at Pucklechurch near Bath. His two sons, Eadwig and Edgar, were perhaps considered too young to become kings.
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edmund_i___ms_royal_14_b_v.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': 921 -- 26 May 946
->'''Reigned''': 27 October 939 -- 26 May 946
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edward the Elder and Eadgifu of Kent
->'''Consorts''': (1) [=Ælfgifu=] of Shaftesbury; (2) [=Æthelflæd=] of Damerham
----
Succeeded his half-bother Athelastan, above, as king at the tender age of 18, having already fought alongside him at the Battle of Brunanburh two years earlier. He re-established Anglo-Saxon control over northern England, which had fallen back under Scandinavian rule following the death of Athelstan. Aged just 25, and whilst celebrating the feast of Augustine, Edmund was stabbed by a robber in his royal hall at Pucklechurch near Bath. His two sons, Eadwig and Edgar, were perhaps considered too young to become kings.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 22 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Egbert and Redburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Egbert and Redburga of Wessex
Changed line(s) 32 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and Osburga''Lady'' Osburga
Changed line(s) 42 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
Changed line(s) 52 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
Changed line(s) 58 (click to see context) from:
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex / Alfred of England'''
to:
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex / Alfred Alfred, King of England'''the English'''
Changed line(s) 62 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] and ''Lady'' Osburga
Changed line(s) 90 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and EalhswithEalhswith of Mercia
Changed line(s) 98,100 (click to see context) from:
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of [=Æthelred=], Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King of the English, claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
!!'''Edward of England'''
!!'''Edward of England'''
to:
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of [=Æthelred=], Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King 'King of the English, English', claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
!!'''Edward the Elder, King ofEngland'''the English'''
!!'''Edward the Elder, King of
Changed line(s) 104 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and EalhswithEalhswith of Mercia
Changed line(s) 111,116 (click to see context) from:
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
to:
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
->'''Lived''': c. 894 -- 27 October 939
Changed line(s) 118 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''':
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Edward the Elder and ''Lady'' Ecgwynn
Added DiffLines:
Son of Edward the Elder, Athelstan extended the boundaries of his kingdom at the Battle of Brunanburh in 937. In what is said to be one of the bloodiest battles ever fought on British soil, Athelstan defeated a combined army of Scots, Celts, Danes and Vikings, claiming the title of King of all Britain. The battle saw for the first time [[EnemyMine individual Anglo-Saxon kingdoms being brought together to create a single and unified England]]. Athelstan is buried in Malmesbury, Wiltshire.
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 85,87 (click to see context) from:
!!'''[=Æthelflæd=], Lady of the Mercians'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/aethel.jpg]]
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/aethel.jpg]]
to:
Changed line(s) 94,99 (click to see context) from:
[=Æthelflæd=], has been described as 'our greatest woman-general', was born around 864, the eldest daughter of Alfred the Great, King of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, and his queen, Ealhswith.
Although not a ruler of England, [=Æthelflæd=] she was ruler of Mercia, a semi-autonomous Kingdom under her father's rule, and is notable as a strong, independent and well-educated lady. During her early years, [=Æthelflæd=] witnessed her father take back large swathes of England from the Vikings (Danes), starting with the famous battle of Edington in Wiltshire, a key turning point in the Anglo-Saxon campaign against the Vikings. As Æthelflæd reached her teens, her father had begun to push the Vikings out of south eastern England and began to reclaim territory for both his own kingdom of Wessex and his northern ally of Mercia.
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King of the English, claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
Although not a ruler of England, [=Æthelflæd=] she was ruler of Mercia, a semi-autonomous Kingdom under her father's rule, and is notable as a strong, independent and well-educated lady. During her early years, [=Æthelflæd=] witnessed her father take back large swathes of England from the Vikings (Danes), starting with the famous battle of Edington in Wiltshire, a key turning point in the Anglo-Saxon campaign against the Vikings. As Æthelflæd reached her teens, her father had begun to push the Vikings out of south eastern England and began to reclaim territory for both his own kingdom of Wessex and his northern ally of Mercia.
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King of the English, claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
to:
[=Æthelflæd=], has been described as 'our greatest woman-general', was born around 864, the eldest daughter of Alfred the Great, King of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, and his queen, Ealhswith.
Although not a ruler of England, [=Æthelflæd=] she was ruler of Mercia, a semi-autonomous Kingdom under her father's rule, and is notable as a strong, independent and well-educated lady. During her early years, [=Æthelflæd=] witnessed her father take back large swathes of England from the Vikings (Danes), starting with the famous battle of Edington in Wiltshire, a key turning point in the Anglo-Saxon campaign against the Vikings. AsÆthelflæd [=Æthelflæd=] reached her teens, her father had begun to push the Vikings out of south eastern England and began to reclaim territory for both his own kingdom of Wessex and his northern ally of Mercia.
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule ofÆthelred, [=Æthelred=], Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King of the English, claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
Although not a ruler of England, [=Æthelflæd=] she was ruler of Mercia, a semi-autonomous Kingdom under her father's rule, and is notable as a strong, independent and well-educated lady. During her early years, [=Æthelflæd=] witnessed her father take back large swathes of England from the Vikings (Danes), starting with the famous battle of Edington in Wiltshire, a key turning point in the Anglo-Saxon campaign against the Vikings. As
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 4,5 (click to see context) from:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex (519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Anglo-pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
to:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex (519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Anglo-pagan Anglo-Saxon pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
Changed line(s) 22 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': Egbert of Wessex and Redburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Egbert of Wessex and Redburga
Changed line(s) 32 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
Changed line(s) 42 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
Changed line(s) 52 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
Changed line(s) 62 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': ''King'' [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
Changed line(s) 85,91 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Edward of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_27.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 874 -- 17 July 924
->'''Reigned''': 26 October 899 -- 17 July 924
->'''Parents''': Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_27.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 874 -- 17 July 924
->'''Reigned''': 26 October 899 -- 17 July 924
->'''Parents''': Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
to:
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
->'''Lived''': c.
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
[=Æthelflæd=], has been described as 'our greatest woman-general', was born around 864, the eldest daughter of Alfred the Great, King of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, and his queen, Ealhswith.
Although not a ruler of England, [=Æthelflæd=] she was ruler of Mercia, a semi-autonomous Kingdom under her father's rule, and is notable as a strong, independent and well-educated lady. During her early years, [=Æthelflæd=] witnessed her father take back large swathes of England from the Vikings (Danes), starting with the famous battle of Edington in Wiltshire, a key turning point in the Anglo-Saxon campaign against the Vikings. As Æthelflæd reached her teens, her father had begun to push the Vikings out of south eastern England and began to reclaim territory for both his own kingdom of Wessex and his northern ally of Mercia.
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King of the English, claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
!!'''Edward of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edward_the_elder___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 874 -- 17 July 924
->'''Reigned''': 26 October 899 -- 17 July 924
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
----
Although not a ruler of England, [=Æthelflæd=] she was ruler of Mercia, a semi-autonomous Kingdom under her father's rule, and is notable as a strong, independent and well-educated lady. During her early years, [=Æthelflæd=] witnessed her father take back large swathes of England from the Vikings (Danes), starting with the famous battle of Edington in Wiltshire, a key turning point in the Anglo-Saxon campaign against the Vikings. As Æthelflæd reached her teens, her father had begun to push the Vikings out of south eastern England and began to reclaim territory for both his own kingdom of Wessex and his northern ally of Mercia.
Mercia itself had not been a proper, independent kingdom for many years. The eastern part of its territory had long been in direct control of the Danish Vikings, with the remaining western part of the kingdom being effectively a puppet of the Vikings. Soon afterwards the English-controlled western half of Mercia came under the rule of Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians, who accepted Alfred's overlordship. Alfred adopted the title King of the English, claiming to rule all English people not living in areas under Viking control. In the mid-880s, Alfred sealed the strategic alliance between the surviving English kingdoms by marrying his daughter [=Æthelflæd=] to [=Æthelred=]. [=Æthelred=] played a major role in fighting off renewed Viking attacks in the 890s, together with [=Æthelflæd=]'s brother, the future King Edward the Elder...
!!'''Edward of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/edward_the_elder___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 874 -- 17 July 924
->'''Reigned''': 26 October 899 -- 17 July 924
->'''Parents''': ''King'' Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
----
Deleted line(s) 96 (click to see context) :
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 32 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
Changed line(s) 36,37 (click to see context) from:
The second son of Aethelwulf, Æthelbald was born around 834. He was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames in southwest London, after forcing his father to abdicate upon his return from pilgrimage to Rome. Following his father’s death in 858, he married his widowed stepmother Judith, but under pressure from the church the marriage was annulled after only a year. He is buried at Sherbourne Abbey in Dorset.
to:
The second son of Aethelwulf, Æthelbald [=Æthelbald=] was born around 834. He was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames in southwest London, after forcing his father to abdicate upon his return from pilgrimage to Rome. Following his father’s death in 858, he married his widowed stepmother Judith, but under pressure from the church the marriage was annulled after only a year. He is buried at Sherbourne Abbey in Dorset.
Changed line(s) 42 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
to:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
Changed line(s) 46,47 (click to see context) from:
Became king following the death of his brother Æthelbald. Like his brother and his father, Aethelbert was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames. Shortly after his succession, a Danish army landed and sacked Winchester before being defeated by the Saxons. In 865 the Viking Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia and swept across England. He is buried at Sherborne Abbey.
to:
Became king following the death of his brother Æthelbald.[=Æthelbald=]. Like his brother and his father, Aethelbert was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames. Shortly after his succession, a Danish army landed and sacked Winchester before being defeated by the Saxons. In 865 the Viking Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia and swept across England. He is buried at Sherborne Abbey.
Changed line(s) 52,53 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Wulfrida
->'''Consorts''': Wulfrida
to:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': ->'''Consort''': Wulfrida
Changed line(s) 62,63 (click to see context) from:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': Ealhswith
to:
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf [=Æthelwulf=] of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Ealhswith->'''Consort''': Ealhswith
->'''Nickname''': ''The Great''
->'''Nickname''': ''The Great''
Changed line(s) 82,83 (click to see context) from:
Finally, his name is one of the few surviving ancient Anglo-Saxon names still in popular use. In Alfred's native England, the name (with the very [[Creator/{{JRRTolkien}} Tolkien-esque]] meaning of "Wise Elf") has never really gone out of fashion, especially the diminutive "Alfie", which was the 7th most popular boys' name for babies in 2019.
to:
Finally, his name is one of the few surviving ancient Anglo-Saxon male names (along with Edward and Edmund) still in popular use. In Alfred's native England, the name (with the very [[Creator/{{JRRTolkien}} Tolkien-esque]] meaning of "Wise Elf") has never really gone out of fashion, especially the diminutive "Alfie", which was the 7th most popular boys' name for babies born in 2019.
2019.
!!'''Edward of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_27.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 874 -- 17 July 924
->'''Reigned''': 26 October 899 -- 17 July 924
->'''Parents''': Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
----
Succeeded his father Alfred the Great. Edward, often referred to with his byname "The Elder', retook southeast England and the Midlands from the Danes. Following the death of his sister Aethelflaed of Mercia, Edward unites the kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia. In 923, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles record that the Scottish King Constantine II recognises Edward as “father and lord”. The following year, Edward is killed in a battle against the Welsh near Chester. His body is returned to Winchester for burial.
!!'''Edward of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_27.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 874 -- 17 July 924
->'''Reigned''': 26 October 899 -- 17 July 924
->'''Parents''': Alfred the Great and Ealhswith
->'''Consorts''': (1) Ecgwynn; (2) [=Ælfflæd=]; (3) Eadgifu
->'''Nickname''': ''The Elder''
----
Succeeded his father Alfred the Great. Edward, often referred to with his byname "The Elder', retook southeast England and the Midlands from the Danes. Following the death of his sister Aethelflaed of Mercia, Edward unites the kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia. In 923, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles record that the Scottish King Constantine II recognises Edward as “father and lord”. The following year, Edward is killed in a battle against the Welsh near Chester. His body is returned to Winchester for burial.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 4,5 (click to see context) from:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex ((519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Anglo-pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
to:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex ((519-534), (519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Anglo-pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
Changed line(s) 28 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Æthelbald of Wessex'''
to:
Changed line(s) 38 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Æthelberht of Wessex'''
to:
Changed line(s) 48 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Æthelred I of Wessex'''
to:
Changed line(s) 58,59 (click to see context) from:
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex, Alfred of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_9.jpg]]
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_9.jpg]]
to:
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex, Wessex / Alfred of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_9.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_27.jpg]]
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
Changed line(s) 64,70 (click to see context) from:
---
One of the British Isle's most celebrated rulers, there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat
There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime
and reached its apogee in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
One of the British Isle's most celebrated rulers, there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat
There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime
and reached its apogee in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
to:
One of the British Isle's [[HundredPercentAdorationRating most celebrated
He is the only monarch in British history afforded the accolade "The Great". There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his
Added DiffLines:
Most British school-children will instantly remember him as "the one who burnt the cakes" -- so what was that all about? One of the best known stories in English history, children are taught the story where Alfred is on the run from the Vikings, taking refuge in the home of a peasant woman. She asks him to watch her cakes (small loaves of bread) baking by the fire, but distracted by his problems, he lets the cakes burn and is roundly scolded by the woman. Possibly apocryphal, yet makes for a good story.
Finally, his name is one of the few surviving ancient Anglo-Saxon names still in popular use. In Alfred's native England, the name (with the very [[Creator/{{JRRTolkien}} Tolkien-esque]] meaning of "Wise Elf") has never really gone out of fashion, especially the diminutive "Alfie", which was the 7th most popular boys' name for babies in 2019.
Finally, his name is one of the few surviving ancient Anglo-Saxon names still in popular use. In Alfred's native England, the name (with the very [[Creator/{{JRRTolkien}} Tolkien-esque]] meaning of "Wise Elf") has never really gone out of fashion, especially the diminutive "Alfie", which was the 7th most popular boys' name for babies in 2019.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 18 (click to see context) from:
!!'''Æthelwulf of Wessex'''
to:
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 10,11 (click to see context) from:
->'''Lived''': c. 771--839
->'''Reigned''': 802--839
->'''Reigned''': 802--839
to:
->'''Lived''': c. 771--839
771 -- 839
->'''Reigned''':802--839 802 -- 839
->'''Reigned''':
Changed line(s) 21 (click to see context) from:
->'''Reigned''': 839--858
to:
->'''Reigned''': 839--858839 -- 858
Changed line(s) 30,31 (click to see context) from:
->'''Lived''': c. 831--860
->'''Reigned''': 855-860
->'''Reigned''': 855-860
to:
->'''Lived''': c. 831--860
831 -- 860
->'''Reigned''':855-860855 -- 860
->'''Reigned''':
Changed line(s) 33 (click to see context) from:
->'''Consorts''': Judith of Flanders [[note]] yes, that's his widowed stepmother[[/note]]
to:
Changed line(s) 38,48 (click to see context) from:
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
to:
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Reigned''': 860 -- 865
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consort''': None (no issue)
Added DiffLines:
Became king following the death of his brother Æthelbald. Like his brother and his father, Aethelbert was crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames. Shortly after his succession, a Danish army landed and sacked Winchester before being defeated by the Saxons. In 865 the Viking Great Heathen Army landed in East Anglia and swept across England. He is buried at Sherborne Abbey.
!!'''Æthelred I of Wessex'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/thelred___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 847 -- 871
->'''Reigned''': 865 -- 871
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Wulfrida
----
Aethelred succeeded his brother Aethelbert. His reign was one long struggle with the Danes, who had occupied York in 866, establishing the Viking ''Kingdom of Yorvik''. When the Danish Army moved south, Wessex itself was threatened, and so together with his brother Alfred, they fought several battles with the Vikings at Reading, Ashdown and Basing. Aethelred suffered serious injuries during the next major battle at Meretun in Hampshire; he died of his wounds shortly after at Witchampton in Dorset, where he was buried.
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex, Alfred of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_9.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 847 -- 26 October 899
->'''Reigned''': 23 April 871 -- c. 886 (Wessex); c. 886 -- 26 October 899 (England)
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Ealhswith
---
One of the British Isle's most celebrated rulers, there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat
There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime
and reached its apogee in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
Alfred was the right person in the right place at the right time. Early in his reign he very nearly succumbed, like so many of his contemporaries, to the onslaught of the Vikings, but somehow he managed to hold out. By the time of his second campaign against the Vikings, between 892 and 896, his kingdom of Wessex was better prepared to defend itself. The military changes Alfred made saved his land and his people, and secured his reputation as a war leader. Alfred was able to leave the throne far more secure than he found it, so that his son and grandsons could in due course capitalise on his achievements to become kings of all England.
Alfred lived at the time of what is now known as the Carolingian Renaissance, a period of heightened interest in learning and the written word in western Europe. Due to this, his reign is among the best recorded of the entire Anglo-Saxon period. Alfred seems to have taken a strong personal interest in the production of texts in the English language, something which marks him out from all of the other Anglo-Saxon warrior kings. He commissioned a series of translations into Old English of key Latin texts. He also had circulated, and may have commissioned, the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'', which recorded, in the native tongue, the main events of his and earlier periods, beginning with the invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar in 54 BC and rapidly moving on to the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons, including Alfred’s supposed ancestors Cerdic and Cynric in the fifth century.
The Chronicle, as we have it, consists of various manuscript versions of an original compilation made in Alfred’s reign. Topics covered are limited and seem to reflect his known interests: the accessions and deaths of kings, visits by West Saxons to Rome and, above all, battles. Very unusually among contemporary writing, there is relatively little on ecclesiastical matters and nothing to associate the work with a particular religious community. Its brief and laconic entries are deceptively simple. This was a collection of material carefully chosen to show Alfred in a favourable light.
The first stage of compilation was completed sometime between 890 and 892, when Alfred was about 40 and had been on the throne for some two decades. It was probably circulated when it was apparent that another major round of Viking wars was starting. The entries for this second phase of war are considerably more detailed, perhaps made soon after they took place, and give us much information about ninth-century military manoeuvres. These entries may have been distributed as a ‘top-up’ to those places which had received a copy of the main Chronicle compilation.
Most crucial of all for Alfred’s subsequent reputation was the Latin biography written by one of his court advisers, the Welsh scholar monk Asser, who eventually became one of the bishops of Wessex. ''The Life of Alfred'', written in 893 while the king was still alive, is the only biography that survives for an Anglo-Saxon king and provides types of information about the man and his reign that we do not have for other pre-Norman rulers.
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
!!'''Æthelred I of Wessex'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/thelred___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 847 -- 871
->'''Reigned''': 865 -- 871
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Wulfrida
----
Aethelred succeeded his brother Aethelbert. His reign was one long struggle with the Danes, who had occupied York in 866, establishing the Viking ''Kingdom of Yorvik''. When the Danish Army moved south, Wessex itself was threatened, and so together with his brother Alfred, they fought several battles with the Vikings at Reading, Ashdown and Basing. Aethelred suffered serious injuries during the next major battle at Meretun in Hampshire; he died of his wounds shortly after at Witchampton in Dorset, where he was buried.
!!'''UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat of Wessex, Alfred of England'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/alfred_9.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 847 -- 26 October 899
->'''Reigned''': 23 April 871 -- c. 886 (Wessex); c. 886 -- 26 October 899 (England)
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Ealhswith
---
One of the British Isle's most celebrated rulers, there's a lot to say about him, so like many prominent British monarchs, he also has his own page -- UsefulNotes/AlfredTheGreat
There are three main reasons for Alfred’s fame: (1) his successful defence of his kingdom against the Vikings; (2) the relatively large number of sources which survive from his reign; and (3) the desire in later centuries to find Anglo-Saxon origins for the English constitution, Church, empire and character. These three aspects coalesce so that his very real achievements have become part of a myth. It is a process that began in his lifetime
and reached its apogee in the millenary celebrations of his death in 1901.
Alfred was the right person in the right place at the right time. Early in his reign he very nearly succumbed, like so many of his contemporaries, to the onslaught of the Vikings, but somehow he managed to hold out. By the time of his second campaign against the Vikings, between 892 and 896, his kingdom of Wessex was better prepared to defend itself. The military changes Alfred made saved his land and his people, and secured his reputation as a war leader. Alfred was able to leave the throne far more secure than he found it, so that his son and grandsons could in due course capitalise on his achievements to become kings of all England.
Alfred lived at the time of what is now known as the Carolingian Renaissance, a period of heightened interest in learning and the written word in western Europe. Due to this, his reign is among the best recorded of the entire Anglo-Saxon period. Alfred seems to have taken a strong personal interest in the production of texts in the English language, something which marks him out from all of the other Anglo-Saxon warrior kings. He commissioned a series of translations into Old English of key Latin texts. He also had circulated, and may have commissioned, the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'', which recorded, in the native tongue, the main events of his and earlier periods, beginning with the invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar in 54 BC and rapidly moving on to the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons, including Alfred’s supposed ancestors Cerdic and Cynric in the fifth century.
The Chronicle, as we have it, consists of various manuscript versions of an original compilation made in Alfred’s reign. Topics covered are limited and seem to reflect his known interests: the accessions and deaths of kings, visits by West Saxons to Rome and, above all, battles. Very unusually among contemporary writing, there is relatively little on ecclesiastical matters and nothing to associate the work with a particular religious community. Its brief and laconic entries are deceptively simple. This was a collection of material carefully chosen to show Alfred in a favourable light.
The first stage of compilation was completed sometime between 890 and 892, when Alfred was about 40 and had been on the throne for some two decades. It was probably circulated when it was apparent that another major round of Viking wars was starting. The entries for this second phase of war are considerably more detailed, perhaps made soon after they took place, and give us much information about ninth-century military manoeuvres. These entries may have been distributed as a ‘top-up’ to those places which had received a copy of the main Chronicle compilation.
Most crucial of all for Alfred’s subsequent reputation was the Latin biography written by one of his court advisers, the Welsh scholar monk Asser, who eventually became one of the bishops of Wessex. ''The Life of Alfred'', written in 893 while the king was still alive, is the only biography that survives for an Anglo-Saxon king and provides types of information about the man and his reign that we do not have for other pre-Norman rulers.
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 4,13 (click to see context) from:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or overlord by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex. Cerdic of Wessex ((519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical descent from the great Woden himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the ineffectual Ethelred the Unready (978-1016) and his pious son, Edward the Confessor (1042-1066) who was later canonised in 1161.
The Anglo-Saxon line was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by the [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} Norman]] William I, thereafter known as the Conqueror.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
The Anglo-Saxon line was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by the [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} Norman]] William I, thereafter known as the Conqueror.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
to:
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or overlord 'overlord' by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex. Wessex, the first monarch to establish a stable and extensive rule over all of Anglo-Saxon England. His ancestor, Cerdic of Wessex ((519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical [[AGodAmI descent from the great Woden Anglo-pagan god Woden]] himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the ineffectual Ethelred the Unready (978-1016) and his pious son, Edward the Confessor (1042-1066) who was later canonised in 1161.
Chronicle.
The Anglo-Saxonline line, as noted below, was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by the [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} Norman]] William, Duke of Normandy]], later William I, I of England and thereafter known as the Conqueror.
!!'''James IV !!'''Egbert of Scotland'''
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
Wessex'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/egbert___ms_royal_14_b_v.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 771--839
->'''Reigned''': 802--839
->'''Parents''': Ealhmund of Kent (father)
->'''Consort''': Redburga
The Anglo-Saxon
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/egbert___ms_royal_14_b_v.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 771--839
->'''Reigned''': 802--839
->'''Parents''': Ealhmund of Kent (father)
->'''Consort''': Redburga
Changed line(s) 16,23 (click to see context) from:
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
to:
!!'''James IV
!!'''Æthelwulf of Wessex'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
->'''Reigned''': 839--858
->'''Parents''': Egbert of Wessex and Redburga
->'''Consorts''': (1) Osburga; (2) Judith of Flanders
Changed line(s) 26,27 (click to see context) from:
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
to:
!!'''Æthelbald of Wessex'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/thelbald___ms_royal_14_b_vi.jpg]]
->'''Lived''': c. 831--860
->'''Reigned''': 855-860
->'''Parents''': Æthelwulf of Wessex and Osburga
->'''Consorts''': Judith of Flanders [[note]] yes, that's his widowed stepmother[[/note]]
----
The second son of Aethelwulf, Æthelbald was
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
[[quoteright:350:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/wessex_6.png]]
[[caption-width-right:350:The Golden [[OurWyvernsAreDifferent Wyvern]] of House Wessex]]
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or overlord by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex. Cerdic of Wessex ((519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical descent from the great Woden himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the ineffectual Ethelred the Unready (978-1016) and his pious son, Edward the Confessor (1042-1066) who was later canonised in 1161.
The Anglo-Saxon line was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by the [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} Norman]] William I, thereafter known as the Conqueror.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!'''House of Wessex (restored, first time)'''
!'''House of Knýtlinga (restored)'''
!'''House of Wessex (restored, second time)'''
[[caption-width-right:350:The Golden [[OurWyvernsAreDifferent Wyvern]] of House Wessex]]
Eighth century England consisted of seven Anglo-Saxon sub-kingdoms which existed in a state of internecine warfare. Occasionally a king of one of the larger three kingdoms, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, would emerge from the dynastic turmoil to be accepted as ''Bretwalda'' (Bretanwealda in Old English) or overlord by the others. One such was Egbert, of the House of Wessex. Cerdic of Wessex ((519-534), the founder of the Wessex line, claimed a mythical descent from the great Woden himself. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Cerdic was a Saxon Ealdorman who landed in Hampshire in 495 with his son Cynric and fought with the Britons becoming the first King of Wessex. The dynasty he founded was to rule England for over two hundred years and produced such varying characters as Alfred (871-899), the only English monarch ever to be bestowed with the epithet the Great, who amongst varied achievements, established a peace with the invading Vikings and founded the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the ineffectual Ethelred the Unready (978-1016) and his pious son, Edward the Confessor (1042-1066) who was later canonised in 1161.
The Anglo-Saxon line was interrupted for two decades by Viking conquerors, but was re-established by Edward the Confessor. The Confessor is said to have willed his throne to his brother-in-law, King Harold II Godwinson (reigned- January-October, 1066), who was killed at the Battle at Hastings, when the native Saxon House of Wessex was displaced by the [[UsefulNotes/{{TheHouseOfNormandy}} Norman]] William I, thereafter known as the Conqueror.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!!'''James IV of Scotland'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!'''House of Knýtlinga (41 days)'''
[[quoteright:150:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/house_of_canute.png]]
!!'''Swyn'''
[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/james_iv_of_scotland.jpg]]
->'''Lived''':
->'''Reigned''':
->'''Parents''':
->'''Consort''':
----
His father was killed in a rebellion when he was fifteen, and he did penance each Lent for the rest of life as he felt indirectly responsible.
!'''House of Wessex (restored, first time)'''
!'''House of Knýtlinga (restored)'''
!'''House of Wessex (restored, second time)'''
