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* '''Openness to Experience''' determines an appreciation for variety of experience. A {{Cloudcuckoolander}} is likely to score high on Openness, whereas lower scorers prefer the [[CreatureOfHabit traditional and familiar]]. It relates also to creativity, appreciation of art and imagination; according to what English-speakers say about themselves, both stem from a single central trait. Perhaps unsurprisingly, people who score highly on this trait are also likely to be politically liberal (or occasionally libertarian); some research suggests a positive correlation with high levels of estrogen.

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* '''Openness to Experience''' determines an appreciation for variety of experience. A {{Cloudcuckoolander}} is likely to score high on Openness, whereas lower scorers prefer the [[CreatureOfHabit traditional and familiar]]. It relates also to creativity, appreciation of art and imagination; according to what English-speakers say about themselves, both stem from a single central trait. Perhaps unsurprisingly, people who score highly on this trait are also likely to be politically liberal (or occasionally libertarian); some research suggests a positive correlation with high levels of estrogen.estrogen and dopamine and a negative correlation with serotonin.



* Finally, '''Neuroticism''', sometimes called Emotional Instability, measures how well you deal with adversity. People who score high on Neuroticism are easy to knock out of equilibrium; [[NervousWreck prone to anxiety]], [[TheEeyore depression]], stress and so forth; and more likely to overreact to bad news. Low Neuroticism scores indicate [[NervesOfSteel stability, calm, and ease at shrugging off negative feelings]]. This does ''not'' mean they feel lots of ''positive'' feelings (that's what Extraversion is for); an Introvert with low Neuroticism just [[TheStoic doesn't feel much at all]].

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* Finally, '''Neuroticism''', sometimes called Emotional Instability, measures how well you deal with adversity. People who score high on Neuroticism are easy to knock out of equilibrium; [[NervousWreck prone to anxiety]], [[TheEeyore depression]], stress and so forth; and more likely to overreact to bad news. Low Neuroticism scores indicate [[NervesOfSteel stability, calm, and ease at shrugging off negative feelings]]. This does ''not'' mean they feel lots of ''positive'' feelings (that's what Extraversion is for); an Introvert with low Neuroticism just [[TheStoic doesn't feel much at all]].
all]]. Women tend to score higher than men.
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The Big Five test does not provide "types" that describe all the different combinations. Partially this is because there would be 32 of them and that would be too much work. Partially this is to avoid pigeonholing; what you score is what you score, and psychologists try not to stereotype. Partially it's because, as with the UsefulNotes/MyersBriggs, you can score high on one scale but low on another, and a person with high Extraversion and high Openness is not the same as someone with high Extraversion but only some Openness. But mostly it's because the scales don't combine. If you are Extroverted and Disagreeable, that doesn't make you a GrumpyOldMan, because every adjective you can use to describe a human being is already associated with ''one'', and ''only'' one, scale. If you ''are'' a GrumpyOldMan, it's because being Extroverted or Disagreeable already ''means'' being one.

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The Big Five test does not provide "types" that comprehensively describe all the different combinations.combinations, although John Johnson of Pennsylvania State University has devised [[https://www.personalitycafe.com/threads/what-is-your-big-five-personality-type.1006145/ a system based on the two most pronounced axes]]. Partially this is because there would be 32 of them and that would be too much work. Partially this is to avoid pigeonholing; what you score is what you score, and psychologists try not to stereotype. Partially it's because, as with the UsefulNotes/MyersBriggs, you can score high on one scale but low on another, and a person with high Extraversion and high Openness is not the same as someone with high Extraversion but only some Openness. But mostly it's because the scales don't combine. If you are Extroverted and Disagreeable, that doesn't make you a GrumpyOldMan, because every adjective you can use to describe a human being is already associated with ''one'', and ''only'' one, scale. If you ''are'' a GrumpyOldMan, it's because being Extroverted or Disagreeable already ''means'' being one.

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