Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* CloudCuckoolander: Joo Yeon-Ha has an unusually old-fashioned style of speech, and has a tendency to speak in overly vague riddles that only she understands. [[spoiler: She's also the daughter of the Emperor, so she gets away with a lot that other people wouldn't.]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 25 (click to see context) from:
* EarlyBirdCameo: Although her face isn't seen, [[spoiler: the Emperor's daughter]] first appears two chapters before she's formally introduced.
to:
* EarlyBirdCameo: Although her face isn't seen, [[spoiler: Joo Yeon-Ha, the Emperor's daughter]] daughter,]] first appears two chapters before she's formally introduced.
Changed line(s) 35 (click to see context) from:
* KingIncognito: [[spoiler: So, Jung-woo, maybe you should have asked the name of that lost girl you were teasing and guiding around. That way, you wouldn't be surprised to learn you spent a chunk of your evening with ''the daughter of the Emperor.'']]
to:
* KingIncognito: [[spoiler: So, Jung-woo, maybe you should have asked the name of found out exactly who that lost girl was ''before'' you were teasing and guiding around.nearly abandoned her in the middle of your estate. That way, you wouldn't be surprised to learn you spent a chunk of your evening with ''the daughter of the Emperor.'']]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* EarlyBirdCameo: Although her face isn't seen, [[spoiler: the Emperor's daughter]] first appears two chapters before she's formally introduced.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
** Later on, he finds something he hates even more than his education: ''parties.''
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
** There's a reason this particular birthday is so important: Jang-woo is [[ComingOfAgeCeremony essentially being considered an adult]], and is being granted an official title to go along with it.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* KingIncognito: [[spoiler: So, Jung-woo, maybe you should have asked the name of that lost girl you were teasing and guiding around. That way, you wouldn't be surprised to learn you spent a chunk of your evening with ''the daughter of the Emperor.'']]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* BirthdayEpisode: Actually an entire Birthday ''Arc.'' For reasons that aren't adequately explained- at least at first- Jung-woo's eleventh birthday is given ''far'' more gravity than any he's had previously, with a large banquet prepared and a massive number of guests [[spoiler: including the Emperor and his family]] invited to his party.
Added DiffLines:
* OldFriend: Lord Hwang was apparently a ChildhoodFriend of [[spoiler: TheEmperor]], of all people.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* TheCavalryArrivesLate: When [[spoiler: Jung-woo and Seo Yeon are kidnapped]], Lord Hwong sends several loyal retainers to go "fix" the situation. By the time they get there, though, [[spoiler: Jung-woo had already defeated the kidnappers himself.]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
* MoralityPet: Jung-woo's relationship with his sister appears to be the major reason that he's so much more well-adjusted in this life than he was in his previous one.
Changed line(s) 35 (click to see context) from:
* RealityEnsues: As it turns out, a lifetime of experience and training isn't of much use when [[FountainOfYouth you have the muscles and coordination of a three-year old.]]
to:
* RealityEnsues: As it turns out, a lifetime of experience and training isn't of much use when [[FountainOfYouth you have the muscles and coordination of a three-year old.an infant.]]
* RoaringRampageOfRevenge: Jung-woo's past life, by the looks of it, was just one long Rampage of Revenge. In his current life, he only ever had one, and that was [[spoiler: against the people who kidnapped him and his sister.]]
* RoaringRampageOfRevenge: Jung-woo's past life, by the looks of it, was just one long Rampage of Revenge. In his current life, he only ever had one, and that was [[spoiler: against the people who kidnapped him and his sister.]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* KillingIntent: It's fairly unsurprising that a kid who was a trained killer in a past life has a powerful murderous glare. It doesn't make it any less shocking when people actually ''sense'' it.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Deleted line(s) 25,26 (click to see context) :
* GeniusBonus: When Jung-woo's previous incarnation is killed, he describes the feeling as "like being in the Buddha's palm." This is a reference to ''Literature/JourneyToTheWest,'' where Sun Wu Kong's rampage through Heaven is stopped by the Buddha trapping him in his palm.
** It goes a bit deeper than that. Prior to encountering the Buddha, Sun Wu Kong had triumphed over every other challenge Heaven had put in his way. He defeated their greatest warriors, outsmarted their brightest minds[[note]]Seriously, he comes up against ''Lao Tzu'' at one point and wins[[/note]], and even [[ArsonMurderAndJaywalking ruined a banquet in a drunken fit]]. Like Sun Wu Kong, it took a truly enlightened mind to put the red-haired man down.
** It goes a bit deeper than that. Prior to encountering the Buddha, Sun Wu Kong had triumphed over every other challenge Heaven had put in his way. He defeated their greatest warriors, outsmarted their brightest minds[[note]]Seriously, he comes up against ''Lao Tzu'' at one point and wins[[/note]], and even [[ArsonMurderAndJaywalking ruined a banquet in a drunken fit]]. Like Sun Wu Kong, it took a truly enlightened mind to put the red-haired man down.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* BaitAndSwitch: The leader of the group that [[spoiler: kidnapped Jung-woo and Seo Yeon]] tries to leave the restaurant after everyone else does, only for the chef to [[KnifeNut lodge his knife in the wall next to his head.]] Initially, the leader thinks [[spoiler: the chef overheard their conversation about the kidnapping,]] but really he was just mad that they ForgotToPayTheBill.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
* GeniusBonus: When Jung-woo's previous incarnation is killed, he describes the feeling as "like being in the Buddha's palm." This is a reference to ''Literature/JourneyToTheWest,'' where Sun Wu Kong's rampage through Heaven is stopped by the Buddha trapping him in his palm.
** It goes a bit deeper than that. Prior to encountering the Buddha, Sun Wu Kong had triumphed over every other challenge Heaven had put in his way. He defeated their greatest warriors, outsmarted their brightest minds[[note]]Seriously, he comes up against ''Lao Tzu'' at one point and wins[[/note]], and even [[ArsonMurderAndJaywalking ruined a banquet in a drunken fit]]. Like Sun Wu Kong, it took a truly enlightened mind to put the red-haired man down.
** It goes a bit deeper than that. Prior to encountering the Buddha, Sun Wu Kong had triumphed over every other challenge Heaven had put in his way. He defeated their greatest warriors, outsmarted their brightest minds[[note]]Seriously, he comes up against ''Lao Tzu'' at one point and wins[[/note]], and even [[ArsonMurderAndJaywalking ruined a banquet in a drunken fit]]. Like Sun Wu Kong, it took a truly enlightened mind to put the red-haired man down.
* TheGoodKing: Lord Hwang's subjects seem to legitimately love him, and consider him to be both a good ruler and a good person. So much so, in fact, that they collectively take [[spoiler: the kidnapping of his children]] as a personal offense.
Changed line(s) 26 (click to see context) from:
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
to:
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. Not only for the people the red-haired man was trying to kill, but also for [[RedemptionArc the man himself.]] As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* MuggingTheMonster: There's no way they could've known it, since he was only a child, but [[spoiler: the people who kidnapped Jung-woo and Seo Yeon]] made a ''grave'' error in [[CurbStompBattle attacking Jung-woo.]] [[spoiler: And that's before their dad steps in with his {{Ninja}}...]]
* {{Ninja}}: [[spoiler: Jung-woo's family employs them to do the dirty work necessary to keep things running smoothly.]]
* OverprotectiveDad: It's hard to tell because he's normally very calm, but Jung-woo's father has ''zero'' tolerance for anyone who endangers his children.
* {{Ninja}}: [[spoiler: Jung-woo's family employs them to do the dirty work necessary to keep things running smoothly.]]
* OverprotectiveDad: It's hard to tell because he's normally very calm, but Jung-woo's father has ''zero'' tolerance for anyone who endangers his children.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 12 (click to see context) from:
* BeleaguredAssistant: Poor Kyung-ho does his best to attend to Jung-woo and keep the boy in line, to varying levels of success.
to:
* BeleaguredAssistant: BeleagueredAssistant: Poor Kyung-ho does his best to attend to Jung-woo and keep the boy in line, to varying levels of success.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* BeneathTheMask: Jung-woo has accidentally let slip information that hints at his [[{{Reincarnation}} true nature]] a few times. The first was when he claimed to have last gone to the market eight years previously... [[IdiotBall when he was seven.]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* AdultFear: Having [[spoiler: your children kidnapped]] is certainly pretty high on most parents' list of fears, although [[spoiler: Jung-woo's father]] handles it [[TranquilFury somewhat differently]] than most.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
* BeleaguredAssistant: Poor Kyung-ho does his best to attend to Jung-woo and keep the boy in line, to varying levels of success.
Changed line(s) 12 (click to see context) from:
** Jung-Woo qualifies to an extent, as well. He may be far weaker, and kinder, than he once was, but he still has a (literal) lifetime of experience behind him, and even as a child he is potentially dangerous.
to:
** Jung-Woo qualifies to an extent, as well. He may be far weaker, and kinder, than he once was, but he still has a (literal) lifetime of experience behind him, and even as a child he is potentially dangerous.more dangerous than most.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* HappilyMarried: Jung-woo's parents clearly adore each other, [[PerfectlyArrangedMarriage even though their marriage was likely arranged]].
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* AnimalMotifs: Baek-kyo's nickname is "the White Hound," and, as the name suggests, he is often associated with dog and wolf imagery.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 16 (click to see context) from:
** It seems Seo Yeon shares her brother's extraordinary talent for the martial arts, despite not having the benefit of a PastLife to help her (as far as we know).
to:
** It seems Seo Yeon shares her brother's extraordinary talent for the martial arts, despite not having the benefit of a PastLife PastLifeMemories to help her (as far as we know).
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* ChildProdigy: Jung-woo, thanks in no small part to his previous lifetime's experiences. [[spoiler: He's pretty bright even when it comes to things he has no prior knowledge of, though.]]
** It seems Seo Yeon shares her brother's extraordinary talent for the martial arts, despite not having the benefit of a PastLife to help her (as far as we know).
** It seems Seo Yeon shares her brother's extraordinary talent for the martial arts, despite not having the benefit of a PastLife to help her (as far as we know).
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* {{Sidekick}}: Kyung-ho is a bit of an odd example, since: a) he technically works for Jung-woo's father, not Jung-woo himself, and b) he is at least a decade older than Jung-woo. Nevertheless, he occupies this role for Jung-woo, at least when he's not busy being TheCaretaker.
Added DiffLines:
* UndyingLoyalty: Kyung-ho, Jung-woo's personal attendant, has made it clear that he takes his job seriously, and will do everything in his power to help Jung-woo.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* BigEater: Jung-Woo rarely, if ever, had a chance to eat good food in his past life, and has decided to make up for lost time.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 13 (click to see context) from:
* BigBrotherInstinct: Jung-Woo is incredibly protective of his younger sister, and it's only when she's threatened that his [[AxCrazy old self]] comes to the fore.
to:
* BigBrotherInstinct: Jung-Woo is incredibly protective of his younger sister, Hwang Seo Yeon, and it's only when she's threatened that his [[AxCrazy old self]] comes to the fore.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 9 (click to see context) from:
** Ironically, he seemed far more bothered at the prospect of breast-feeding than any of the other uncomfortable aspects of being a child.
to:
** Ironically, he seemed far more bothered at the prospect of breast-feeding than any of the other uncomfortable aspects of being a child.baby.
Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
* TrainingFromHell: An odd variant. Jung-Woo is perfectly fine having to go through extremely rigorous training to master martial arts. It's his ''literary training'' that seems to be his version of Hell.
to:
* TrainingFromHell: An odd variant. Jung-Woo is perfectly fine having to go through extremely rigorous training to master martial arts. It's his ''literary training'' that seems to be his version of Hell.Hell.
* WhatIsThisFeeling: Jung-Woo's previous incarnation was an orphan, and never knew the warmth of a loving family. This is why he's taken aback the first time he realizes [[WellDoneSonGuy he doesn't want to disappoint his father.]]
* WhatIsThisFeeling: Jung-Woo's previous incarnation was an orphan, and never knew the warmth of a loving family. This is why he's taken aback the first time he realizes [[WellDoneSonGuy he doesn't want to disappoint his father.]]
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 14 (click to see context) from:
* EyesAlwaysShut: This, along with his [[PerpetualSmiler perpetual smile]] and his paper fan, are the major identifiers for Baek-kyo.
to:
* EyesAlwaysShut: This, along with his [[PerpetualSmiler perpetual smile]] and his paper fan, are the major identifiers for Baek-kyo.Thanks to this trope, Baek-kyo is just that little bit more terrifying.
Changed line(s) 23 (click to see context) from:
* TimeSkip: Early on, there are multiple Time Skips, quickly leaping through Jung-Woo's childhood until he reaches an age where he has at least mastered basic motor skills.
to:
* TimeSkip: Early on, there are multiple Time Skips, quickly leaping through Jung-Woo's childhood until he reaches an age where he has at least mastered basic motor skills.skills.
* TrainingFromHell: An odd variant. Jung-Woo is perfectly fine having to go through extremely rigorous training to master martial arts. It's his ''literary training'' that seems to be his version of Hell.
* TrainingFromHell: An odd variant. Jung-Woo is perfectly fine having to go through extremely rigorous training to master martial arts. It's his ''literary training'' that seems to be his version of Hell.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* AndIMustScream: A relatively mild version- when Jung-woo was reincarnated, he came back as a newborn baby, except with his mind from his past life intact. That meant he was, psychologically, a fully grown adult, trapped inside a body that couldn't move, speak, or care for itself in any real way. It's mild because it was, ultimately, temporary, and he seems to have gotten over it pretty well.
** Ironically, he seemed far more bothered at the prospect of breast-feeding than any of the other uncomfortable aspects of being a child.
** Ironically, he seemed far more bothered at the prospect of breast-feeding than any of the other uncomfortable aspects of being a child.
Added DiffLines:
* EyesAlwaysShut: This, along with his [[PerpetualSmiler perpetual smile]] and his paper fan, are the major identifiers for Baek-kyo.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 9 (click to see context) from:
** Jung-Woo qualifies to an extent, as well. He may be far weaker than he once was, but he still has a (literal) lifetime of experience behind him, and even as a child he is potentially dangerous.
to:
** Jung-Woo qualifies to an extent, as well. He may be far weaker weaker, and kinder, than he once was, but he still has a (literal) lifetime of experience behind him, and even as a child he is potentially dangerous.
Changed line(s) 11,12 (click to see context) from:
* BigBrotherInstinct: Jung-Woo is incredibly protective of his younger sister, and it's only when she's threatened that his [[GeniusBruiser old self]] comes to the fore.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
to:
* BigBrotherInstinct: Jung-Woo is incredibly protective of his younger sister, and it's only when she's threatened that his [[GeniusBruiser [[AxCrazy old self]] comes to the fore.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.fore.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
Added DiffLines:
* GeniusBruiser: Although largely uneducated, the implication seems to be that Jung-Woo was quite brilliant in his previous life, on top of [[OneManArmy being able to murder a dozen men with his bare hands.]] It's only in his current life, where he has access to formal education, that his intelligence gets a chance to shine.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
* HoistByHisOwnPetard: Jung-Woo's attempt to get himself out of academic learning- by claiming he had memorized the "thousand character alphabet" in a mere week[[note]]In fact, he had memorized it in his past life[[/note]]- only got him marked as a genius, which caused his father to double down on Jung-Woo's education.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
* HoistByHisOwnPetard: Jung-Woo's attempt to get himself out of academic learning- by claiming he had memorized the "thousand character alphabet" in a mere week[[note]]In fact, he had memorized it in his past life[[/note]]- only got him marked as a genius, which caused his father to double down on Jung-Woo's education.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
''The Scholar's Reincarnation'' is a Korean fantasy {{Manhwa}} written by Soo Yu Hyun and drawn by Yum Jack Jack. The first thing we see is our hero, [[FieryRedhead a nameless, angry red-headed warrior]], murdering his way through a group of fighters that he has a grudge against. The second thing we see is that same man [[TakingYouWithMe being killed in a suicide attack by a Buddhist monk.]] They apparently knew each other, and the last wish of the monk is that the red-headed man find peace in his next life.
The next thing the red-headed warrior knows, he is being reborn as the infant Hwang Jung-Woo, the son of a wealthy noble and the heir to a vast estate. Life couldn't be better... and yet, Jung-Woo wonders whether there is some greater reason he was reborn.
----
!!This series contains examples of the following tropes:
* BewareTheNiceOnes: Baek-Kyo is a learned scholar who is hired to train Jung-Woo in writing and literature, after a gambit to get out of tutoring [[OutGambitted backfired spectacularly.]] He has a [[PerpetualSmiler perpetual smile]] on his face, and always maintains perfect etiquette. He's also [[SternTeacher a notoriously dedicated and difficult teacher,]] and is going to make Jung-Woo into a proper scholar, even if it winds up killing him.
** Jung-Woo qualifies to an extent, as well. He may be far weaker than he once was, but he still has a (literal) lifetime of experience behind him, and even as a child he is potentially dangerous.
** [[spoiler: Jung-Woo's father also apparently has a dark side to him, showing a willingness to kill at the drop of a hat, so long as it means protecting his family.]]
* BigBrotherInstinct: Jung-Woo is incredibly protective of his younger sister, and it's only when she's threatened that his [[GeniusBruiser old self]] comes to the fore.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
* FieryRedhead: Jung-Woo, in his previous incarnation, had long red hair, and is never shown openly displaying any emotion except anger.
* {{Foil}}: Jung-woo is a Foil to his own previous incarnation. In his past life, he was an impoverished orphan trained in mystical martial arts for the purposes of [[RoaringRampageOfRevenge exacting revenge]] on the people that wronged him. In his current life, he belongs to a wealthy and loving family that is far more concerned about getting him a proper education than ensuring his ability to kill his enemies. [[spoiler: Or so it seems, initially.]]
* RaiseHimRightThisTime: The monk who killed Jung-Woo's past incarnation believed that he could become a good upstanding man, provided he was raised in a loving, supportive environment. We have yet to see if the monk will be proved right.
* RealityEnsues: As it turns out, a lifetime of experience and training isn't of much use when [[FountainOfYouth you have the muscles and coordination of a three-year old.]]
* TakingYouWithMe: Ultimately, Jung-Woo's previous incarnation wasn't killed by a superior combatant. Instead, a Buddhist monk launches a surprise SuicideAttack, grabbing onto Jung-Woo and overloading himself with spiritual energy, causing a massive explosion that kills both the monk and the red-haired warrior.
* TimeSkip: Early on, there are multiple Time Skips, quickly leaping through Jung-Woo's childhood until he reaches an age where he has at least mastered basic motor skills.
The next thing the red-headed warrior knows, he is being reborn as the infant Hwang Jung-Woo, the son of a wealthy noble and the heir to a vast estate. Life couldn't be better... and yet, Jung-Woo wonders whether there is some greater reason he was reborn.
----
!!This series contains examples of the following tropes:
* BewareTheNiceOnes: Baek-Kyo is a learned scholar who is hired to train Jung-Woo in writing and literature, after a gambit to get out of tutoring [[OutGambitted backfired spectacularly.]] He has a [[PerpetualSmiler perpetual smile]] on his face, and always maintains perfect etiquette. He's also [[SternTeacher a notoriously dedicated and difficult teacher,]] and is going to make Jung-Woo into a proper scholar, even if it winds up killing him.
** Jung-Woo qualifies to an extent, as well. He may be far weaker than he once was, but he still has a (literal) lifetime of experience behind him, and even as a child he is potentially dangerous.
** [[spoiler: Jung-Woo's father also apparently has a dark side to him, showing a willingness to kill at the drop of a hat, so long as it means protecting his family.]]
* BigBrotherInstinct: Jung-Woo is incredibly protective of his younger sister, and it's only when she's threatened that his [[GeniusBruiser old self]] comes to the fore.
* HeroicSacrifice: The monk who killed himself to take out the red-haired warrior seems to believe he was [[InvokedTrope invoking this trope]]. As time goes on, Jung-woo wonders if the monk wasn't wrong.
* FieryRedhead: Jung-Woo, in his previous incarnation, had long red hair, and is never shown openly displaying any emotion except anger.
* {{Foil}}: Jung-woo is a Foil to his own previous incarnation. In his past life, he was an impoverished orphan trained in mystical martial arts for the purposes of [[RoaringRampageOfRevenge exacting revenge]] on the people that wronged him. In his current life, he belongs to a wealthy and loving family that is far more concerned about getting him a proper education than ensuring his ability to kill his enemies. [[spoiler: Or so it seems, initially.]]
* RaiseHimRightThisTime: The monk who killed Jung-Woo's past incarnation believed that he could become a good upstanding man, provided he was raised in a loving, supportive environment. We have yet to see if the monk will be proved right.
* RealityEnsues: As it turns out, a lifetime of experience and training isn't of much use when [[FountainOfYouth you have the muscles and coordination of a three-year old.]]
* TakingYouWithMe: Ultimately, Jung-Woo's previous incarnation wasn't killed by a superior combatant. Instead, a Buddhist monk launches a surprise SuicideAttack, grabbing onto Jung-Woo and overloading himself with spiritual energy, causing a massive explosion that kills both the monk and the red-haired warrior.
* TimeSkip: Early on, there are multiple Time Skips, quickly leaping through Jung-Woo's childhood until he reaches an age where he has at least mastered basic motor skills.
