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** ''The end?'' It's the opening shot!

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* MeaningfulName: Norma is fading into obscurity and old age, so of course she lives on ''Sunset'' Boulevard.



* MostWritersAreWriters: Joe's a screenwriter.
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* INeverGotAnyLetters: Norma Desmond receives hundreds of fan letters a day, but it turns out they were all written by her dutiful and unconditionally loving butler Max to cushion her from the realities of being discarded by the Hollywood star system and forgotten by her fans.

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* INeverGotAnyLetters: Norma Desmond receives hundreds of fan letters a day, [[spoiler: but it turns out they were all written by her dutiful and unconditionally loving butler Max to cushion her from the realities of being discarded by the Hollywood star system and forgotten by her fans.fans]].
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* GermanicDepressives: Erich von Stroheim uses his natural Austrian accent when playing Max, and boy does Max have a lot to be depressed about.
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* ClingyJealousGirl: Norma. As Joe is walking out on her, she comments desperately, "No one leaves a star. That's what makes one a star." Then she shoots him.

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* ClingyJealousGirl: Norma. As Joe is walking out on her, she comments desperately, "No one leaves a star. That's what makes one a star." [[spoiler: Then she shoots him.him]].
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* HollywoodPersonlityDisorders: Norma Desmond has Narcissitic Personality Disorder. She didn't take her descent from superstardom well. She hired a former director as a butler and reads fake fan mail. Eventually she goes completely delusional when she can't accept that the world doesn't revolve around her.

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* HollywoodPersonlityDisorders: HollywoodPersonalityDisorders: Norma Desmond has Narcissitic Personality Disorder. She didn't take her descent from superstardom well. She hired a former director as a butler and reads fake fan mail. Eventually she goes completely delusional when she can't accept that the world doesn't revolve around her.

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* AsHimself: Creator/CecilBDeMille, Creator/BusterKeaton Anna Q. Nilsson, H.B. Warner and Hedda Hopper play themselves.

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* AsHimself: Creator/CecilBDeMille, Creator/BusterKeaton Creator/CecilBDeMille plays himself. Norma Desmond first approaches him on the set of ''Film/SamsonAndDelilah'', on which shooting had just wrapped. Gossip columnist [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedda_Hopper Hedda Hopper]] appears at the end. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Q._Nilsson Anna Q. Nilsson, Nilsson]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._B._Warner H.B. Warner Warner]] and Hedda Hopper play themselves. Creator/BusterKeaton appear in one scene as the "Waxworks", but aren't named.
* BeautyInversion: Gloria Swanson had to look more aged as Norma Desmond than she did in RealLife.



* BitingTheHandHumor[=/=]RealitySubtext: TheMovie. Studios were very aware of all the {{Take That}}s and {{In Joke}}s in the film. Most were not amused and many were wary of the subversiveness of the film.

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* BitingTheHandHumor[=/=]RealitySubtext: BettyAndVeronica: Betty is, well, the Betty, Norma is the Veronica, and Joe is the Archie.
* BitingTheHandHumor:
TheMovie. Studios were very aware of all the {{Take That}}s and {{In Joke}}s in the film. Most were not amused and many were wary of the subversiveness of the film.



* BreakHisHeartToSaveHim: Joe loves Betty, but pushes her away so she'll marry Artie, a genuinely good man who adores her, and not get hurt by Joe's own shortcomings.
* BreakingTheFourthWall / TheFourthWallWillNotProtectYou: Norma Desmond's final speech puts a jarring little crack - indicting both Hollywood and moviegoers for her fate - in that fourth wall. She then approaches and mugs at the camera. See FreakOut below.

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* BoyMeetsGirl: {{Subverted}}. The film is ostensibly a FilmNoir, but a boy does meet a girl in the beginning. Except the girl is a fading film star. Then he meets ''another'' girl in the middle of the film, which might actually do the trope straight, except we know that he dies in the end. Interesting in that the first girl does love him, but he hates her.
** ''The end?'' It's the opening shot!
* BreakHisHeartToSaveHim: Joe loves Betty, but pushes her away does this to Betty. Though they've fallen in love, Joe realizes that he can't provide Betty with the kind of life she deserves. There's also the fact that Joe's in a complicated relationship with the mentally unstable Norma Desmond, who's obsessed with him and could potentially become violent (and she later does, killing him). Joe acts like a {{Jerkass}} to Betty so she'll leave him and follow through with her original plan to marry Artie, a genuinely good man who adores her, and not get hurt by Joe's own shortcomings.
her fiancé Artie.
* BreakingTheFourthWall / TheFourthWallWillNotProtectYou: BreakingTheFourthWall: Norma Desmond's final speech puts a jarring little crack - indicting both Hollywood and moviegoers for her fate - in that fourth wall. She then approaches and mugs at the camera. See FreakOut below.



* CastingGag:
** Gloria Swanson, who was an over the hill, forgotten silent movie actress, plays an over the hill silent movie actress.
** She employs a butler who was once a famous, now forgotten, silent film director. This part is played by the once famous, then forgotten silent film director Erich von Stroheim.
** When Swanson's character is seen watching one of her old movies, it is ACTUALLY an old Gloria Swanson movie (''Queen Kelly'') - directed by Erich von Stroheim.
** And then there are her card-playing buddies from the Old Days ("the Waxworks"), including Buster Keaton.



** Also the pool.

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** Also The swimming pool. Tthe audience knows from the pool.start that the victim is found dead in the swimming pool, and attention is drawn to the swimming pool throughout the film - the victim even goes so far as to obligingly turn on the pool lights, really to make his own death scene play better for the cameras! - and STILL it is a surprise ending...



* ClingyJealousGirl: Norma -- suffocatingly so -- due in part to her melodramatic star persona.
* CloudcuckoolandersMinder: Max.

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* ClingyJealousGirl: Norma -- suffocatingly so -- due in part to her melodramatic star persona.
Norma. As Joe is walking out on her, she comments desperately, "No one leaves a star. That's what makes one a star." Then she shoots him.
* CloudcuckoolandersMinder: Max.Subverted by Norma Desmond's butler Max who enables her delusions of grandeur.



* DeconstructedCharacterArchetype: Norma Desmond takes a lot of the ManicPixieDreamGirl symptoms to their logical conclusion, with the twist that the protagonist isn't interested. From the start it's clear that she doesn't have both oars in the water as she's living in a decayed BigFancyHouse, deluding herself that she'll make a comeback with a terrible, {{Glurge}}-filled screenplay of ''Salome''. She quickly bonds with the narrator, agrees to his commission him (to her disadvantage) and quickly throws his life into chaos, leading him to CharacterDevelopment. But not in a good way.



* DestructiveRomance: And OH, how dysfunctional, with Norma's outbursts and Joe's passive aggressive BS. [[spoiler: Close to the end, it turns out that her relationship with her butler is even worse.]]

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* DestructiveRomance: And OH, how dysfunctional, Norma and Joe's relationship and ''oh'', what a dysfunctional one it is, with Norma's outbursts and Joe's passive aggressive BS. [[spoiler: Close to the end, it turns out that her Norma's relationship with her butler is even worse.]]



* EverythingsBetterWithMonkeys: [[spoiler:{{Inverted|Trope}} with Norma's dead pet chimp]].

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* EverythingsBetterWithMonkeys: [[spoiler:{{Inverted|Trope}} with Norma's dead pet chimp]].The monkey is deceased. Norma Desmond sees to it that it's buried in style.



* FatalFlaw: Norma is obsessed with being a movie star again despite her talent in finance. Made worse by her Butler Max who indulges her fantasy because he loves her.
* ForegoneConclusion: The film starts with a shot of the main character and narrator lying dead in a swimming pool. Being a movie about a screenwriter and an old movie starlet, it sure as hell makes you wonder the whole length of the movie.



* ForgedMessage: The fan letters that Norma had been getting over the years were actually [[spoiler: written by her butler Max to spare her from the fact that the public had forgotten her]].

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* ForgedMessage: The fan letters that Norma had been getting over the years were actually [[spoiler: written by her butler Max to spare her from the fact that the public had forgotten her]].#
* TheFourthWallWillNotProtectYou: Norma Desmond, after going insane from killing Joe, is tricked into believing she will shoot a scene of her long-desired ''Salome'' movie. She then delivers a speech in which she states: "You see, this is my life. There's nothing else: just us, and the cameras, and ''those wonderful people out there in the dark''", while looking straight at the audience, then says she's "ready for her close-up" and proceeds to her finale, in which she walks right towards the camera as the image blurs.



* GloryDays: Norma Desmond's are well over.

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* GloryDays: Norma Desmond's are well over.Desmond is convinced that she is still as big a star as she was in the silent film era, even though she hasn't made any films since then.
* GoodSmokingEvilSmoking: Norma Desmond stands out because she smokes her cigarettes in a weird finger-mounted holder. One of her least weird tendencies.



* HappierHomeMovie: Variant: Norma constantly watches the old movies that she starred in.



* TheHeroDies: The film opens with Joe's corpse lying in Norma's pool. The rest of the movie follows the events that led to his murder.
* HollywoodPersonlityDisorders: Norma Desmond has Narcissitic Personality Disorder. She didn't take her descent from superstardom well. She hired a former director as a butler and reads fake fan mail. Eventually she goes completely delusional when she can't accept that the world doesn't revolve around her.



* HowWeGotHere: With an epilogue as well.

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* HowWeGotHere: With an epilogue as well.The film starts with Joe explaining why he's floating face down in a pool.



* INeverGotAnyLetters: Inverted.

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* INeverGotAnyLetters: Inverted.Norma Desmond receives hundreds of fan letters a day, but it turns out they were all written by her dutiful and unconditionally loving butler Max to cushion her from the realities of being discarded by the Hollywood star system and forgotten by her fans.



* LeftTheBackgroundMusicOn: The organ as Joe enters Norma's parlor for the first time.
* LemonyNarrator: Joe's a particularly cynical example. [[ForegoneConclusion Probably because he's dead.]]

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* LeftTheBackgroundMusicOn: The organ as As Joe Gillis enters Norma's parlor for Norma Desmond's parlor, which is tragic and more like a tomb, haunting pipe organ music plays... at which point Norma turns to the first time.
pipe organ and comments about the wind getting into the cracked pipes.
* LemonyNarrator: Joe's a particularly cynical example. [[ForegoneConclusion Probably example, probably because he's dead.]]dead. As an early example, his voiceover when the homicide squad find his corpse floating in a pool goes like so:
-->The poor dope - he always wanted a pool. Well, in the end, he got himself a pool.



* ManicPixieDreamGirl: An extremely dark, but straight use. Norma is an eccentric, aging beauty queen, whose grip on reality is shaky, takes over Joe's life, using money and her luxurious life to tighten her hold on him.



* MistressAndServantBoy: Variant tragic version: the down-and-out writer Joe Gillis working for aging star Norma Desmond.
* MostWritersAreWriters: Joe Gillis is a screenwriter, and this proves important — he catches Norma Desmond's interest as she believes he can help her complete the script of her great comeback film. To complete the triangle, Joe's girlfriend Betty is another aspiring screenwriter.
* TheNameIsBondJamesBond: After Mr. Sheldrake calls her "Miss Kramer": "The name's Schaefer. Betty Schaefer. Right now I wish I could crawl in a hole and pull it in after me."



* OhAndXDies: The film opens with a shot of a corpse floating in a swimming pool, while the narrator informs us that he is that corpse.



* OminousPipeOrgan: Max plays the pipe organ rather ominously (if not very well) in the background in several scenes. This is commented on by Joe.



* PosthumousNarration: One of the most famous examples.

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* PosthumousCharacter: Joe Gillis enters the film as a body floating facedown in a swimming pool and proceeds to narrate the the events leading up to his death.
** As originally filmed, Joe was speaking to other "dead" people in a morgue. Test audiences found the scene ludicrous and it had to be hastily revised prior to public release.
* PosthumousNarration: One of the most famous examples.The film actually ''starts'' with Joe's death; he tells us his story in {{Flashback}}.



* ThePrimaDonna: Norma Desmond clearly used to be this. Due to her sheltered life, she still believes millions of fans are desperately eager to see her next picture.



* RedHerring: [[spoiler:Max, being Norma's "discoverer," principal director, and pathetically devoted first husband]], would seem to have more than ample motivation to kill [[spoiler: Joe]]. It turns out that [[spoiler:Norma does it herself]].

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* RedHerring: [[spoiler:Max, being [[spoiler:Max seems to have motive and opportunity for the murder of Joe Gillis: he was Norma's "discoverer," principal director, discoverer and pathetically devoted first husband]], would seem husband, and is still slavishly loyal to have more than ample motivation her, trying to kill [[spoiler: Joe]]. It comfort her even as Joe wants to leave her, and he was outside with hi. However, it turns out that [[spoiler:Norma does it Max is actually polite and docile, and Norma shoots Joe herself]].



* RuleOfPool

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* RuleOfPoolRuleOfPool: The film memorably opens with Joe floating face down in a pool.



* SarcasmFailure: Joe Gillis is exceptionally snarky, but suffers from this more than once as the situation around him takes yet another turn he doesn't ''want'' to make into a joke.



* SherlockScan: Joseph Gillis says that Rudy can tell the state of a person's financial problems by the quality of their shoes.



* ShrineToSelf: Played horrifyingly straight.

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* ShrineToSelf: Played horrifyingly straight.Norma's entire house is a shrine to herself and her former movie career.
* SinisterTangoMusic: Tango music plays as Norma forces Joe to dance with her.
* SkirtOverSlacks: Norma Desmond [[http://silverscreenmodes.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Swanson1.jpg wears a hostess dress, a type of dress popular in the 1950s which was worn with pants under it.]]



* SugarAndIcePersonality: Max is a rather bizarre (and creepy) example.

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* SmokingIsCool: Norma Desmond smokes expensive cigarettes with a holder that is a strange piece of twisted wire that wraps around her index finger.
* SpurnedIntoSuicide: Downplayed. When Joe ditches Norma to go to a New Year’s Eve party with his friends from the studio, she slits her wrists. He hurries back to her in alarm, and this results in her going full Yandere for him- he is the only person except for her faithful butler Max to have come back for her in any way, shape, or form.
* StartToCorpse: The corpse is the ''opening shot''.
* StartsWithTheirFuneral: The film starts with a corpse floating in a swimming pool, then flashes back - turns out it's the narrator.
* StarvingArtist: Joe Gillis as a starving Hollywood screenwriter.
* StockFootage: The silent movie footage of Norma Desmond in her prime is from Gloria Swanson's 1929 film ''Queen Kelly''.
* SubordinateExcuse: Max is a dark example. He's still so devoted to Norma that he helps encourage her warped fantasies, even about a relationship with another man.
* SugarAndIcePersonality: Max is a rather bizarre (and creepy) example. He's cold, uptight and extremely professional, but he does his best to keep Norma's delusion intact and it's clear that he's still in love with her.



* WhiteDwarfStarlet: Norma Desmond is probably [[TropeCodifier the ultimate example]]. She also supplies the page image.

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* WhiteDwarfStarlet: Norma Desmond is probably [[TropeCodifier the ultimate example]]. She Despite her advancing age and secluded existence, she still believes she's big enough to star in one more picture, with Creator/CecilB.DeMille to direct her. Includes a double helping of RealitySubtext, as Desmond was played by Gloria Swanson, who had been one of silent film's biggest stars but who never made the transition to "talkies". In a GeniusBonus, Desmond watches one of her old films, which is the Gloria Swanson movie ''Queen Kelly''. This was directed by Creator/ErichVonStroheim, a once-prominent director whose career behind the camera ended with the silent film era (though he maintained an acting career), who plays Max (who, it turns out, was also supplies her first director...and her first husband). (Because ''Queen Kelly'' went grossly over budget, and was never completed, it effectively ended both Gloria Swanson's and Erich von Stroheim's careers in the page image.silent movie business.) Interestingly, Swanson had to be made up as older than she looked to play a character who was younger than she was!
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* BreakingTheFourthWall / TheFourthWallWillNotProtectYou: Joe spends the musical narrating his situation directly to the audience - and, depending on the actor/production, occasionally responds to their reactions (see {{Fanservice}} below). Also (as in the movie) Norma's repeated appeals (especially in the final scene) to "all you wonderful people out there in the dark" are directed to the audience, implicating them in her spiral into insanity.


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** "Surrender" wasn't exactly a happy song to begin with, but each time it's reprised it gets progressively darker: in the first reprise, DeMille sings sadly about Norma's faded glory; the second reprise occurs just after [[spoiler:Max has revealed to Joe that he and Norma were married and explains that he "will not allow [Norma] to surrender"]]; the third and final reprise is part of Norma's descent into insanity in which she conflates her situation with Salome's in terms of [[spoiler:murdering the man they love]].
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* MetaCasting: Norma Desmond, a forgotten silent film star, was played by Gloria Swanson, a forgotten silent film star. Her butler, Max von Mayerling who used to be a leading silent film director is played by Creator/ErichVonStroheim, who used to be a leading silent film director. (Needless to say, Swanson took her fall from stardom with ''much'' more grace and sanity than Norma.)
** Also, Cecil B. [=DeMille=] plays himself, Hedda Hopper (a gossip columnist) plays herself, and the "Waxworks" (Norma's friends who are other forgotten silent film stars) are all played by...other forgotten silent film stars. (And Creator/BusterKeaton). In general, this film is regarded to be one of the biggest cases of MetaCasting in Hollywood.
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* DiesWideOpen: Joe is shown dead with his eyes open in the pool at the beginning. However, when the homicide squad pulls him out of the pool, his eyes are closed.

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* DiesWideOpen: Joe [[spoiler:Joe]] is shown dead with his eyes open in the pool at the beginning. However, when the homicide squad pulls him out of the pool, his eyes are closed.
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In 1993, it was adapted into [[TheMusical a musical]] by Creator/AndrewLloydWebber. The Broadway premiere starred Creator/GlennClose, and The 1996 Australian premiere in Melbourne showcased a relative unknown named Creator/HughJackman, who played Joe Gillis opposite Debra Byrne as Norma Desmond, who, at the time, was ironically Australia's own WhiteDwarfStarlet. It won the 1995 Tony Award for Best Musical, in a year in which [[DamnedByFaintPraise only one other show was even nominated]]. The musical returned to Broadway in 2017, still starring Glenn Close.

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In 1993, it was adapted into [[TheMusical a musical]] by Creator/AndrewLloydWebber. The Broadway premiere starred Creator/GlennClose, and The 1996 Australian premiere in Melbourne showcased a relative unknown named Creator/HughJackman, who played Joe Gillis opposite Debra Byrne as Norma Desmond, who, at the time, was ironically Australia's own WhiteDwarfStarlet. It won the 1995 Tony Award for Best Musical, in a year in which [[DamnedByFaintPraise only one other show was even nominated]]. The musical returned to Broadway in 2017, still starring Glenn Close.
Close. In 2019, it was announced that a film version of the musical —with Close once again reprising her role from the stage production— had entered development.
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* EverythingsBetterWithMonkeys: [[spoiler:[[InvertedTrope Inverted]] with Norma's dead pet chimp]].

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* EverythingsBetterWithMonkeys: [[spoiler:[[InvertedTrope Inverted]] [[spoiler:{{Inverted|Trope}} with Norma's dead pet chimp]].



* GrandStaircaseEntrance: Norma invokes this trope when she meets what she thinks is a MediaScrum covering her big comeback. [[spoiler: She's actually getting arrested for Joe's murder.]]

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* GrandStaircaseEntrance: Norma invokes this trope when she meets what she thinks is a MediaScrum covering her big comeback. [[spoiler: She's actually getting arrested for Joe's murder.murdering Joe.]]
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* FamousLastWords: "All right, Mr. De Mille. I'm ready for my close-up." To clarify, Norma's not dying, but it marks the final descent into insanity for her.

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* FamousLastWords: "All right, Mr. De Mille. [=DeMille=], I'm ready for my close-up." To clarify, Norma's not dying, but it marks the her final descent into insanity for her.insanity.



--> ''"You see, this is my life. It always will be. There's nothing else - just us and the cameras and [[BreakingTheFourthWall those wonderful people out there in the dark]]... [[SignatureLine All right, Mr. DeMille, I'm ready for my closeup.]]"''

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--> ''"You see, this is my life. It always will be. There's nothing else - just us and the cameras and [[BreakingTheFourthWall those wonderful people out there in the dark]]... [[SignatureLine All right, Mr. DeMille, I'm ready for my closeup.close-up.]]"''
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Creator/BillyWilder's classic FilmNoir from 1950, ''Sunset Boulevard'' is a dark take on the film industry and the fleeting nature of fame, to this day one of Hollywood's most scorching (and yet wistful) [[HorribleHollywood depictions of itself]], and indeed one of the greatest films of all time. While the characters are deeply flawed, some of them [[MoralEventHorizon beyond any redemption]], the film still presents them each as complex, sympathetic, and even endearing.

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Creator/BillyWilder's classic FilmNoir from 1950, ''Sunset Boulevard'' is a dark take on the film industry and the fleeting nature of fame, to this day one of Hollywood's most scorching (and yet wistful) [[HorribleHollywood depictions of itself]], and indeed one of the greatest films of all time. itself]]. While the characters are deeply flawed, some of them [[MoralEventHorizon beyond any redemption]], the film still presents them each as complex, sympathetic, and even endearing.
endearing. It is generally regarded as one of the best films of all time.
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* CompositeCharacter: Sheldrake is the one who tries to rent Norma's car for the next Creator/BingCrosby picture, eliminating the character of Gordon Cole, who is the one that inquires about the car in the original film.
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* AsHimself: Creator/CecilBDeMille, Creator/BusterKeaton and Hedda Hopper play themselves.

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* AsHimself: Creator/CecilBDeMille, Creator/BusterKeaton Anna Q. Nilsson, H.B. Warner and Hedda Hopper play themselves.
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* ActorAllusion: In the musical-- Creator/GlennClose portrays a lonely troubled woman slowly driven to insanity due to her unhealthy obsession with a man. Eventually she's pushed over the edge and goes on a murderous rampage... But enough about Alex Forrest in ''Film/FatalAttraction''.
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* MissIdentifiedWeapons: Norma claims to have a revolver but when we see said gun in question its actually a semi-automatic pistol. There is actually a lot of FridgeBrilliance to this. Someone of Norma's generation would have gown up in a world where revolvers where synonymous with any form of handgun. Someone working in the silent film era where no one needed to worry about semantics like "pistol" and "revolver" would also not need to know the difference. By the time the film takes place you could expect a gun owner to know the difference, but Norma likely bought her pistol years ago on a whim. In other words shes behind on her gun knowledge as she is everything else.

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* MissIdentifiedWeapons: MisidentifiedWeapons: Norma claims to have a revolver but when we see said gun in question its actually a semi-automatic pistol. There is actually a lot of FridgeBrilliance to this. Someone of Norma's generation would have gown up in a world where revolvers where synonymous with any form of handgun. Someone working in the silent film era where no one needed to worry about semantics like "pistol" and "revolver" would also not need to know the difference. By the time the film takes place you could expect a gun owner to know the difference, but Norma likely bought her pistol years ago on a whim. In other words shes behind on her gun knowledge as she is everything else.
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* MissIdentifiedWeapons: Norma claims to have a revolver but when we see said gun in question its actually a semi-automatic pistol. There is actually a lot of FridgeBrilliance to this. Someone of Norma's generation would have gown up in a world where revolvers where synonymous with any form of handgun. Someone working in the silent film era where no one needed to worry about semantics like "pistol" and "revolver" would also not need to know the difference. By the time the film takes place you could expect a gun owner to know the difference, but Norma likely bought her pistol years ago on a whim. In other words shes behind on her gun knowledge as she is everything else.
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* DiesWideOpen: Joe is shown dead with his eyes open in the pool at the beginning. However, when the homicide squad pulls him out of the pool, his eyes are closed.
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** "Goodbye, Norma" - [[spoiler: Joe Gillis]].
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In 1993, it was adapted into [[TheMusical a musical]] by Creator/AndrewLloydWebber. The Broadway premiere starred Creator/GlennClose, and The 1996 Australian premiere in Melbourne showcased a relative unknown named Creator/HughJackman, who played Joe Gillis opposite Debra Byrne as Norma Desmond, who, at the time, was ironically Australia's own WhiteDwarfStarlet. It won the 1995 Tony Award for Best Musical, in a year in which [[DamnedByFaintPraise only one other show was even nominated]]. The musical returned to Broadway in 2017, still starting Glenn Close.

to:

In 1993, it was adapted into [[TheMusical a musical]] by Creator/AndrewLloydWebber. The Broadway premiere starred Creator/GlennClose, and The 1996 Australian premiere in Melbourne showcased a relative unknown named Creator/HughJackman, who played Joe Gillis opposite Debra Byrne as Norma Desmond, who, at the time, was ironically Australia's own WhiteDwarfStarlet. It won the 1995 Tony Award for Best Musical, in a year in which [[DamnedByFaintPraise only one other show was even nominated]]. The musical returned to Broadway in 2017, still starting starring Glenn Close.
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* RealitySubtext: [[invoked]] TheMovie. How much so? The film was extremely shocking for Hollywood insiders, sending shockwaves through the industry. Audiences were more or less unaware of it, though, and just thought of it as a snarky FilmNoir.
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* RealitySubtext: TheMovie. How much so? The film was extremely shocking for Hollywood insiders, sending shockwaves through the industry. Audiences were more or less unaware of it, though, and just thought of it as a snarky FilmNoir.

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* RealitySubtext: [[invoked]] TheMovie. How much so? The film was extremely shocking for Hollywood insiders, sending shockwaves through the industry. Audiences were more or less unaware of it, though, and just thought of it as a snarky FilmNoir.
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* RealitySubtext: TheMovie. How much so? The film was extremely shocking for Hollywood insiders, sending shockwaves through the industry. Audiences were more or less unaware of it, though, and just thought of it as a snarky FilmNoir.
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-->'''Joe:''' Her career? She got enough out of it. She's not forgotten. She still gets those fan letters.\\
'''Max:''' I wouldn't look too closely at the postmarks.
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** The salesman's line, "[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uw9Ski5DJMA Well, as long as the lady's paying for it, why not pick the vicuna?]]" underlines the fact that Joe is, in fact, Norma's gigolo. There's also the pool scene. Joe is wearing nothing but trunks while Norma massages his shoulders, in a very IHaveYouNowMyPretty moment.

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** The salesman's line, "[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uw9Ski5DJMA Well, as As long as the lady's paying for it, why not pick the vicuna?]]" underlines the fact that Joe is, in fact, Norma's gigolo. There's also the pool scene. Joe is wearing nothing but trunks while Norma massages his shoulders, in a very IHaveYouNowMyPretty moment.
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* BreakHisHeartToSaveHim: Joe loves Betty, but pushes her away so she'll marry Artie, a genuinely good man who adores her, and not get hurt by Joe's own shortcomings.


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* InsecureLoveInterest: Joe doesn't think he's good enough for Betty, since he's self-aware enough to realize he's sort of a jackass. In the end, [[BreakHisHeartToSaveHim he breaks her heart to spare her the pain of finding out on her own]].
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* SlapSlapKiss: Betty and Joe's relationship is this. They argue and snark at each other like no one's business, but their grins make it clear they enjoy it, and do genuinely like each other.
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* ExactWords: Technically Norma never says she'll give Joe any cash payment. She just says he shouldn't worry about money.

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