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* Creator/AndreNorton used fox spirits in both ''Imperial Lady'' (co-written with Susan Shwartz) and ''The White Jade Fox''. In the former, Silver Snow's maid is a kitsune, while in the latter it's left ambiguous as to whether any of the characters are literally kitsune, but the trope is at least toyed with.



* Creator/AndreNorton used fox spirits in both ''Imperial Lady'' (co-written with Susan Shwartz) and ''The White Jade Fox''. In the former, Silver Snow's maid is a kitsune, while in the latter it's left ambiguous as to whether any of the characters are literally kitsune, but the trope is at least toyed with.

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* Creator/AndreNorton used fox spirits in both ''Imperial Lady'' (co-written with Susan Shwartz) and ''The White Jade Fox''. In the former, Silver Snow's maid is a kitsune, while in the latter it's left ambiguous as to whether any of the characters ''Literature/{{Impossible Creatures|2023}}'': Kanko are literally kitsune, but the trope is at least toyed with.glowing, mouse-sized, two-tailed foxes from Japan who make nests in unusual places.

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* In ''Literature/TheNightMothersHeir'' Ink Drop is a Kitsune, he has the ability to transform ito different things depending on how many tails he has.

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* In ''Literature/TheNightMothersHeir'' Ink Drop is a Kitsune, he has the ability to transform ito in to different things depending on how many tails he has.has.
* One of the main characters in "Literature/NoNeedForACore" is a kitsune, as are several of the major deities, and an entire clan of them lives nearby.
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* In ''Literature/JourneyToTheWest'' there are two notable fox demons, and one of them is even a nine-tailed vixen. They're the uncle and mother of the two demon kings Kinkaku and Ginkaku, making them half-''huli jing'' demons (though they're usually depicted as massive oni-like monsters). In a case perhaps of UnbuiltTrope, the mother is actually an old crone, while the uncle Hu Aqi isn't much of a trickster but rather a ferocious warrior who fights with a halberd. A more classical vixen demon reappears later as the mistress of Niumowang, the Ox Demon King. Additionally, another fox spirit appears near the end in the form of the concubine of a human king secretly making him sick and then manipulating him to order the creation of a fake medicine using the hearts of children.

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* In ''Literature/JourneyToTheWest'' there are two a few notable fox demons, and one of them is even a nine-tailed vixen. They're the The uncle and mother of the two demon kings Kinkaku Silver Horned King and Ginkaku, Golden Horned King, making them half-''huli jing'' demons (though they're usually depicted as massive oni-like monsters).monsters and are actually two of Lao Tzu's celestial apprentices). In a case perhaps of UnbuiltTrope, the mother is actually an old crone, while the uncle Hu Aqi isn't much of a trickster but rather a ferocious warrior who fights with a halberd. A more classical vixen demon reappears later as the mistress of Niumowang, the Ox Demon King. Additionally, another fox spirit appears near the end in the form of the concubine of a human king secretly making him sick and then manipulating him to order the creation of a fake medicine using the hearts of children.
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* ''Literature/RedWinterTrilogy'': Shiro is a kitsune whose powers are sealed by strands of magical beads. With each band removed, he regains his tails, and thus more of his powers. [[spoiler:Upon the removal of the last strand, he regains all nine of his tails and reaches his full power as Inari, patron kami of the kitsune.]]
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* ''Literature/BeyondTheBoundary'': Ayaka Shindou is revealed to be a very powerful kitsune in disguise.


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* ''Literature/HighSchoolDXD'': Kunou and her mother Yasaka are kitsune. The ORC works with Kunou to find Yasaka after she is kidnapped, and Kunou becomes a LoveInterest to Issei.


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* ''Literature/KakuriyoBedAndBreakfastForSpirits'': One of the main characters is a nine-tailed fox named Ginji.
* ''Literature/{{Kanokon}}'':
** Chizuru Minamoto is a 400-year-old kitsune who tries to seduce the protagonist, Kouta Oyamada, and can [[FusionDance merge with him]] by kissing him. [[spoiler:She's eventually revealed to also be a reincarnation of the [[{{Orochi}} Yamata-no-Orochi]], a DraconicAbomination slain by the storm-god Susanoo, who Kouta is the reincarnation of, making both of them the targets of a cult seeking to unleash the Orochi and an organization dedicated to preventing the Orochi's resurgence at all costs.]]
** Tamamo Minamoto, Chizuru's [[spoiler:adoptive]] mother, is stated to be ''the'' Tamamo-no-Mae of ancient Japanese folklore, nine tails and all, and frequently gets into mischief whenever she turns up.


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* Kuugen Tenkou and Gyokuyou from ''Literature/OurHomesFoxDeity''.
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* ''Classic of Mountains and Seas'': Originally called the ''Shanhaijing'', this compendium -- written between the 4th and 1st centuries BCE -- marks the first recorded appearance of nine-tailed fox-spirits in Chinese literature and folklore. Fox-spirits are said to live in the Green-Hills north of Tianwu and/or the Sunrise Valley, and be "an auspicious omen that appeared during times of peace", though they are also mentioned to be man-eating carnivores with vocalizations like a crying baby, and consuming their flesh grants immunity to venoms.

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* ''The Chronicles of the Eight Dogs'': In this 19th century Japanese narrative by Kyokutei Bakin, a pregnant ''kitsune'' is given shelter by the also-pregnant wife of samurai Kawagoi Moriyuki. When her mate is killed by retainer Kaketa Wanazō, the ''kitsune'' gets revenge on him and inadvertently kills his lover Masaki too. As Masaki happened to be the nursemaid of newborn Takatsugu Moriyuki, the kitsune feels guilty and assumes Masaki's form to act as his nursemaid until her cover is blown after two years. Desiring to better herself, the kitsune disguised herself as an old woman and opened a tea shop, changing the lives of 999 people over twenty years. Impressed, the Emperor of Heaven blessed her, causing her to transform into a divine hybrid of ''kitsune'' and ''[[DragonsUpTheYinYang ryū]]'' after attaining her ninth tail.



* ''Literature/FengshenYanyi'': One of the main antagonists is the spirit of a 1000-year-old white fox who's sent by the goddess Nu Wa (alongside the spirits of a female nine-headed pheasant and that of a jade pipa) to hasten the corruption and downfall of King Zhou, who offended her in her own temple. The spirit does so by killing the innocent Su Daji and taking over her body to seduce the emperor of Shang and cause mischief and chaos all around. Unlike popular depictions though, the number of her tails isn't mentioned, just her age.

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* ''Literature/FengshenYanyi'': One of the main antagonists is the spirit of a 1000-year-old white fox fox-spirit who's sent by the goddess Nu Wa (alongside the spirits of a female nine-headed pheasant and that of a jade pipa) to hasten the corruption and downfall of King Zhou, who offended her Nu Wa in her own temple. The spirit fox-spirit does so by killing the innocent Su Daji and taking over her body to seduce the emperor of Shang and cause mischief and chaos all around.around until she's defeated and put to death by Jiang Ziya/Tàigōng Wàng. Unlike popular depictions though, the number of her tails isn't mentioned, just her age.



* ''Tamamo no Mae monogatari'', a 15th century Japanese ''otogizōshi'' prose narrative, marks the first known appearance of Tamamo-no-Mae, a wicked ''kitsune'' who seduces the retired emperor Toba and tries to assassinate him. Upon her identity being revealed, she flees but is hunted down and killed after 108 days by the archers Miura-no-suke and Kazusa-no-suke. Her corpse is brought back to the capital and found to contain sacred treasures, though her actions contributes to the downfall of the Imperial court and the rise of the samurai shogunate.

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* ''Tamamo no Mae monogatari'', a 15th century Japanese ''otogizōshi'' prose narrative, marks the first known appearance of Tamamo-no-Mae, a wicked ''kitsune'' who seduces the retired emperor Toba and tries to assassinate him. Upon her identity being revealed, she flees but is hunted down and killed after 108 days by the archers Miura-no-suke and Kazusa-no-suke. Her corpse is brought back to the capital and found to contain sacred treasures, though her actions contributes contribute to the downfall of the Imperial court and the rise of the samurai shogunate.
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* ''Tamamizu Monogatari'' is a Muromachi period ''otogizōshi'' about a male kitsune who falls in love with a human girl and [[GenderBender transforms into a girl]] in order to become her servant, ultimately deciding to reveal the ruse and return to the forest.
* ''Tamamo no Mae monogatari'', a 15th century Japanese ''otogizōshi'' prose narrative, marks the first known appearance of Tamamo-no-Mae, a wicked ''kitsune'' who seduces the retired emperor Toba and tries to assassinate him. Upon her identity being revealed, she flees but is hunted down and killed after 108 days by the archers Miura-no-suke and Kazusa-no-suke. Her corpse is brought back to the capital and found to contain sacred treasures, though her actions contributes to the downfall of the Imperial court and the rise of the samurai shogunate.
* ''Tamamo no sōshi'' tells much the same story as prior versions of Tamamo-no-Mae's story, but alters the ending so that her body is petrified into a cursed boulder called the ''Sesshōseki'' or "Killing Stone" -- which is haunted by her vengeful spirit and emits a noxious miasma that kills anyone who comes too close. After many years, a Buddhist monk named Genno comes across Tamamo's ghost, who repents her sins and converts to Buddhism, allowing him to exorcize her.
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* In ''Literature/AmericanGods'', also by Creator/NeilGaiman, some background characters are implied to be kitsune; during the battle between the old gods and the American Gods, two Asian women are killed and upon dying they turn into foxes.

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* In ''Literature/AmericanGods'', also ''Literature/AmericanGods'' by Creator/NeilGaiman, some background characters are implied to be kitsune; during the battle between the old gods and the American Gods, two Asian women are killed and upon dying they turn into foxes.
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* Creator/NeilGaiman's novella collaboration with Creator/YoshitakaAmano, ''ComicBook/TheSandman: The Dream Hunters'', centers around a kitsune who falls in love with a monk.

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* Creator/NeilGaiman's novella collaboration with Creator/YoshitakaAmano, ''ComicBook/TheSandman: The Dream Hunters'', ''Literature/TheSandmanTheDreamHunters'', centers around a kitsune who falls in love with a monk.monk. She spends most of her time in fox form and has illusion powers.
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* ''Literature/ADearthOfChoice'': This is the result of repeatedly upgrading a ghost that took an interest in the dungeon's crop fields, while focusing on the idea of it becoming the farm's guardian. It takes on the appearance of a nine-tailed fox, and its species changes to "kami", gaining {{telekinesis}} and [[MasterOfIllusion illusion magic]]. The dungeon decides to call it Inari.
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[[AsianFoxSpirit Asian Fox-Spirits]] in {{Literature}}.
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!!Authors
* Creator/MercedesLackey's works:
** Foxtrot X-Ray and Lady Ako in ''Chrome Circle''. FX has three tails and is pretty weak (though he eventually earns a two-tail upgrade for extreme valor). Ako has nine tails. She's also "the bearer of some of the most noble blood Under- or Above- Hill." Her half-kitsune/half-dragon daughter also has nine tails in her kitsune form.
** One makes a brief (yet important) appearance in the ''Literature/TalesOfTheFiveHundredKingdoms'' series in ''Fortune's Fool'', giving the female lead a magic paper crane that comes in handy.

!!Specific works
* In ''Literature/AmericanGods'', also by Creator/NeilGaiman, some background characters are implied to be kitsune; during the battle between the old gods and the American Gods, two Asian women are killed and upon dying they turn into foxes.
* ''Literature/BookOfImaginaryBeings'': Chinese foxes can live for a thousand years, start fires by striking the ground with their tails, see into the future and take human shape. They are sometimes born from the souls of the dead taking on a new form and will cause no end of mischief to those who cross them.
* ''Literature/CradleSeries'': The Wei clan follows Elder Whisper, a sacred five-tailed fox. Specifically, he is a snow fox who lived long enough and grew powerful enough to gain human intelligence. He is a master of light and dream [[{{Mana}} madra]], and the Wei clan follows in his footsteps, practicing the Path of the White Fox. Elder Whisper acts as a StealthMentor for Lindon early on, pushing him to improve himself despite the rest of the clan telling him he's worthless.
* The ''Franchise/DoctorWhoExpandedUniverse'' short story "Ode To Joy" is a conversation between a kitsune and the Fourth Doctor about the changing face of Japan.
* ''Literature/DragonPearl'' stars the Korean variant, gumiho. They're shapeshifters who can use a magic called Charm to manipulate people, and they tend to stay in human form because other species find them untrustworthy. Most of them choose to be female.
* ''Literature/FengshenYanyi'': One of the main antagonists is the spirit of a 1000-year-old white fox who's sent by the goddess Nu Wa (alongside the spirits of a female nine-headed pheasant and that of a jade pipa) to hasten the corruption and downfall of King Zhou, who offended her in her own temple. The spirit does so by killing the innocent Su Daji and taking over her body to seduce the emperor of Shang and cause mischief and chaos all around. Unlike popular depictions though, the number of her tails isn't mentioned, just her age.
* ''Literature/FoxDemonCultivationManual'': The titular fox demons are ''huli-jing'', the Chinese equivalent of kitsune. Rong Bai is a nine-tailed fox spirit, and through drinking his blood Song Ci also becomes a fox spirit (though he has fewer tails than Rong Bai).
* Kij Johnson wrote a [[http://www.kijjohnson.com/fox-magic.html short story about a Japanese fox spirit]] and it was so popular that she later expanded it into a full novel, ''Fox Woman'', after doing extensive research to make it historically accurate.
** In ''Fudoki'', another novel by Johnson, a male kitsune plays an important role as part of a warband that the main character joins. Despite actually being named Kitsune, no one except the main character seems to realize his true nature.
* In the ''{{Literature/Goosebumps}}'' book "Literature/ReturnToGhostCamp," the snatcher is a fox-like ghost that murders one camper from Camp Full Moon each year and can shape-shift into a human to fool its victims.
* Creator/AndreNorton used fox spirits in both ''Imperial Lady'' (co-written with Susan Shwartz) and ''The White Jade Fox''. In the former, Silver Snow's maid is a kitsune, while in the latter it's left ambiguous as to whether any of the characters are literally kitsune, but the trope is at least toyed with.
* In ''Literature/JourneyToTheWest'' there are two notable fox demons, and one of them is even a nine-tailed vixen. They're the uncle and mother of the two demon kings Kinkaku and Ginkaku, making them half-''huli jing'' demons (though they're usually depicted as massive oni-like monsters). In a case perhaps of UnbuiltTrope, the mother is actually an old crone, while the uncle Hu Aqi isn't much of a trickster but rather a ferocious warrior who fights with a halberd. A more classical vixen demon reappears later as the mistress of Niumowang, the Ox Demon King. Additionally, another fox spirit appears near the end in the form of the concubine of a human king secretly making him sick and then manipulating him to order the creation of a fake medicine using the hearts of children.
* One of the ''Literature/JudgeDee'' stories has a Huli Jing show up (sort of): a priest explains that he was always sort of shunned because his father had been tricked into marrying a fox-woman, who turned back into a fox some time after he (the priest) was born. The judge (and everyone else) stare at him in silence for a while, because it's blindingly obvious that the wife ran off with another man, the father passing it off as the fox spirit going back to the wild.
* In Creator/ErinMorgenstern's ''Literature/TheNightCircus'', one of the figures on the carousel. Celia persuades Poppet to ride it, rather than the gryphon, by telling its story.
* ''Ito guruma kyūbi no kitsune'' is an early 19th-century Japanese novel written by Santō Kyōden, wherein the evil kitsune Tamamo-no-Mae's vengeful spirit repudiates her redemption and conversion to Buddhism, making a pact with the {{oni}} hag from the noh play ''Adachigahara'' to seek revenge on their enemies.
* In ''Literature/TheMachineriesOfEmpire'', a nine-tailed fox - called a ninefox or an eyefox[[note]]it has eyes on each of its tails[[/note]] - is the symbol of the Shuos faction, comprised of assassins, spies and saboteurs with love of games.
* Eva Mayer, the titular 'Mail Fox' of ''Literature/MailFoxTales'' being turned into a Kitsune through the gift of a dying goddess is the start of many headaches for her.
* In ''Literature/TheNightMothersHeir'' Ink Drop is a Kitsune, he has the ability to transform ito different things depending on how many tails he has.
* A Kitsune appears in ''[[Literature/OctoberDaye Rosemary and Rue]]'' by Creator/SeananMcGuire.
* Creator/NeilGaiman's novella collaboration with Creator/YoshitakaAmano, ''ComicBook/TheSandman: The Dream Hunters'', centers around a kitsune who falls in love with a monk.
* In Creator/JulieKagawa's ''Literature/ShadowOfTheFox'' series, the main character, Yumeko, is a young kitsune. Technically she's half human, but she has the same powers and abilities as a full-blood kitsune and is treated as one by everyone else.
%% Zero-Context Example * Winkle, from Creator/GeneWolfe's ''Literature/TheSorcerersHouse''.
* In Paul Kidd's series ''Literature/SpiritHunters'' Sura is a kitsune. However she has only one tail, nine-tailed fox-spirits are mythological in that world [[spoiler: though at one point she casts a shadow that seems to have multiple tails]], and can only assume three specific forms: a TalkingAnimal fox, a [[HalfHumanHybrid "fur"]] form halfway between fox and human, and a third that looks almost human save for her [[LittleBitBeastly pointed ears and tail]]. Other animal spirits seen can assume similar forms.
* Creator/BrandonSanderson's ''{{Literature/Starsight}}'' has the kitsen, talking foxlike aliens that were the origin of Earth's kitsune myths, when some of them with the ability to teleport between planets ended up in medieval Japan.
* ''Literature/StrangeStoriesFromAChineseStudio'' contains 86 tales of Chinese fox spirits, most of whom assume female form to deceive humans. Though there's also a few stories with wise elder foxes, and one where a male fox seduces a magistrate.
%% Zero-Context Example * In Creator/WenSpencer's ''Literature/{{Tinker}}'' series, one of the oni's {{Servant Race}}s.
* ''Literature/UnderHeaven'': The characters discuss ''daiji''- "fox women"- several times on the way back to the capital. Shen Tai especially suspects that Wei Song appears to believe they exist, more than he does. In one case, he ends up asking a governor's daughter if she has a ''daiji'' within her, after an attempted seduction to convince him to assign his [[CoolHorse horses]] to her father. (She does acknowledge, "I am flattered you think me fair enough to be a ''daiji'' spirit, but it is an error.")
* ''Literature/WearingTheCape'': Officially, Japanese superspy Kitsune is a [[TraumaticSuperpowerAwakening Breakthrough]] with powers that perfectly mimic the mythological ''kitsune''. Or maybe he's a delusional Breakthrough who truly believes he's a ''kitsune''. Or maybe he's a projection produced by another Breakthrough, a self-sustaining supernatural entity that sprung out of a dying man's wish for a guardian ''kitsune''. Or maybe he really is a ''kitsune'', centuries old and only returned to the world recently, and magic is real after all. The one thing that's clear is that he finds it hilarious to [[AmbiguousSituation keep people guessing]].

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