In episode 4 of Angel Beats!, Yuri's aim, to diminish Angel's appearance of infallibility through defeat in a baseball competition, nearly results in the obliteration of another team member. Hinata, whose life had gone into a downward spiral that led to his death when he failed to catch a pitch and cost his team the game, ends up in exactly the same situation again, and is about to catch the ball, but Yui knocks him out of the way.
Black Butler has a cricket tournament in the school arc.
BNA: Brand New Animal features an episode where Michiru gets to show off impressive baseball moves and we get to discover that sports in Animacity are performed less for the thrill of it and more for the sake of gambling and organized crime.
Case Closed features a baseball episode at least once which involves the culprit of the week planning his attack depending on the game's outcome.
In episode 4 of Charlotte, Yu and the team confront a young pitcher who's using his telekinetic powers to win baseball games. They figure the best course of action is to play him head on.
CLAMP School Detectives features a baseball game between Nokoru and Suoh. Nokoru has a full team of girls from the CLAMP School's kindergarten division, while Suoh covers the entire field himself and uses 'Ghost Runners'.
The first episode of CLANNAD ~After Story~ centered on the characters playing baseball. It is based after a common normal ending of the original Visual Novel.
Episode Thirteen of Cromartie High School, when they decide to practice playing baseball in the woods and get lost instead.
Episode 155-156 of Doctor Slump has an improvvised Penguin Village's baseball team (consists of all the youngest characters of the show, included naturally Arale and Gatchan) invited to a challenge against the big city team.
Dragon Ball Super episode 70, where Champa challenges Beerus to a baseball match to be held on Earth. It starts with Goku throwing a pitch so hard is causes a massive explosion and only gets worse from there. Among other things Yamcha is the only player who knows the rules while Whis and Vados have read the rules but have a pretty loose interpretation of what's allowed. Ultimately the game devolves into a brawl that nearly destroys the universe and is called off before the end of the first inning.
Parodied in an episode of Excel♡Saga. The girls are sent to Excel's old high school to find out what today's youth are interested in, and up coaching the school's baseball team, a Ragtag Bunch of Misfits that are the worst team in the city.
While playing baseball out of nowhere is surprising in any series, it's double surprising in Eyeshield 21, which is already about American football. However, this is one of the cases where it's justified; Banba used the baseball game as a way to train Kurita and the other Devil Bats for the upcoming game with the Hakushuu Dinosaurs. It wasn't the actual sport that was important either, they just needed to get used to playing sports inside a dome rather than outside, due to the difference in air pressure. A baseball dome was chosen because Hiruma had dirt on the night guards watching the place.
FLCL episode 4 "Full Swing". Though he carries around his brother's bat, Naota has never hit anything; now with his brother's gone, Naota's must prove his worth; the baseball team doesn't seem to be doing so well; Haruko plays for the other team.
Galaxy Angel: Season 1 had an episode where the Angel Brigade has to play a baseball game due to a bet that Volcott did, and if they lose they'll all have to wear negligees. The episode starts during the bottom of the 9th inning and they're down by 100 runs, so they resort to wear swimsuits to distract the opposing team.
The Girl Who Leapt Through Space's ninth episode plucks up the entirety of its main cast and sets them in a modern day world that tells a baseball story instead of the colony warfare one that had been playing out up until then. QT powers are still present despite this.
Gundam Build Fighters has about half an episode that features, of all things, baseball as a medium for Mecha combat. It's Justified in a way: the head of the tournament is specifically trying to rig things so Sei and Reiji lose, and their opponent in that battle used to play professional baseball before he retired to build Gunpla, so the battle is set up to play to his strengths.
The Hajime no Ippo manga has the Kamogawa Gym boxers playing a baseball game. It was pretty much the only time Aoki and Kimura were better than everyone.
Hanaukyō Maid Team La Verite episode 6. The maid departments (security, medical, technology etc.) compete in a softball tournament to determine budget allocations.
Haruhi Suzumiya has one. Since Haruhi is involved, they have to win the game in order to save the world. At the end of the episode, Haruhi is trying to decide whether they should enter the local soccer or American football tournament next.
Hell Girl features one of these - though not too unexpected since every episode revolves around a different set of characters. This time, it just happens to be someone who gets away with murder since he's such a great ballplayer.
Jujutsu Kaisen: After the attack during the school exchange event was resolved, they continued it with a baseball match. Most of the staff had planned a series of solo battles, but Satoru changed it for his own amusement.
Downplayed in Chapter 196 of Kaguya-sama: Love Is War, when Shirogane, Ishigami, Maki, and Hayasaka spend an afternoon at a batting cage.
Kyo Kara Maoh! has these by the bucketload. Part of Yuuri's coming-of-age ceremony in Shin Makoku is a baseball game, even.
Episode 9 of Maburaho — playing against a team of zombies from hell.
Maison Ikkoku did one too, with the manager from Cha Cha Maru (a local bar) organizing a game against local store owners.
MegaMan NT Warrior (2002): In "Take Me Out to the Ball Game!", Kyuta Hoshida, a new student in Netto Hikari's class, is the son of famous baseball player Kyuma Hoshida, but he's depressed about having to move from his old town. To cheer him up, Netto and all of his friends in Densan City invite him to a game of NetBaseball.
The Midori Days manga has a chapter where a baseball game is used to settle a gang conflict.
The 39th outro of Naruto Shippuden is baseball themed. Naruto and Sasuke are on opposing teams.
Ninja Hattori has an episode where the characters play Cricket, a similar sport to baseball.
Ojarumaru had one. Surprisingly, the episode didn't focus on characters playing a game of baseball, but rather on Ojarumaru learning how to pitch a baseball.
One Piece: The fifth movie; The Cursed Holy Sword opens with a special short featuring the crew playing baseball against some villains, complete with Zoro wielding three bats. In another short, they play soccer.
Onegai My Melody ~Spin-Around Shuffle~ episode 7. Mana wishes the Tigers would beat their losing streak, and Kuromi puts her and friends into a game where if they could come back from a 4-run deficit and win, so would the Tigers.
Osomatsu-san has a whole episode dedicated to Baseball, which picks up from a To Be Continued involving the Sextuplets moving out and getting jobs, but by the next episode they play baseball in space and the plot of the last episode is no longer relevant. What's even more funny is that this episode is the season finale.
The Perman episode "A Baseball Match in the Sky" is about the characters playing baseball. And yes, they play it in the sky.
One recurring character is a baseball Fangirl named Casey. She even has A Day in the Limelight episode in the Pokémon Chronicles spin-off series involving a Charizard that lost its firepower (literally) and a washed up baseball pitcher. Fittingly, Casey's first episode aired in Japan shortly before the beginning of that country's baseball championship, and first aired in America the day of Game 1 of the 2000 World Series.
The Sun & Moon arc has an episode where Ash and his classmates (and their Pokémon) actually play baseball.
Episode 31 of Fresh Pretty Cure! has the Cures challenge a Nakewameke made from an automatic pitching machine to a match.
HappinessCharge Pretty Cure! Episode 12 has a Baseball Teribad that shoots baseballs for its attack. So what does Cure Lovely do in this situation? Congers up a bat and goes, "Play Ball!"
The Prince of Tennis has a baseball episode, featuring all the characters in chibi form.
Sailor Moon: Sailor Stars (season 5) episode "The Power of a Shining Star! ChibiChibi's Transformation" had a softball game as its focus.
The Samurai Champloo episode ("Baseball Blues") also had a baseball game between purported Americans (including Abner Doubleday) and a local team that includes Mugen, Jin, and Fuu. Guess who wins. Well, okay, technically nobody, but whatever.
Samurai Pizza Cats had one. The bad guys brainwash a famous baseball player and try to hook him up with Princess Violet, who's holding auditions for a boyfriend. The heroes and villains end up trying to settle things with a baseball game for some reason.
School Rumble had both a softball episode and a "pool hockey" episode.
For some reason or other this comes up fairly frequently in Sgt. Frog, which has had several episodes in which characters play various sports against each other. These include a soccer episode, a swimming episode, a tennis episode, and an Olympic-style winter sports episode.
Several chapters of the gag manga Urayasu Tekkin Kazoku when it involves baseball fanboy Namida setting up a game. The Ganso sequel series has a bonus color chapter about the kids playing baseball, playing it straight.
Urusei Yatsura did several baseball episodes... basically whenever Tobimaro showed up.
Voltron once had the good guys and the bad guys play American football.
Yu-Gi-Oh! GX showed in one episode that the kids play baseball (card games may be Serious Business, but at least they can apparently have other hobbies). Dr. Chronos ended up hit in the eye with a fly ball, but it didn't end there. There was also another episode where Judai was playing tennis in gym class (which he didn't like) and Chronos got hit in the eye again (clearly, Chronos has very bad luck with sports equipment). This led to Chronos punishing Judai by making him take tennis lessons from an Obelisk snob, which led to a duel over Asuka, who the guy had a crush on. (fortunately, like most opponents from the Obelisk Dorm, the guy was Small Name, Big Ego).
