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** In the "Americas" campaign, the Apachean Tribes faction can call a "Warpath", its own version of a Crusade.
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* The Holy Leagues (1535-1717): A sort of spiritual successor to the concept of Christian European nations allying against Muslims, though usually focused on defense in times of crisis rather than conquest. Like the crusades themselves the they were often instigated by the Pope and six different ones ended being formed in total with various degrees of success in stopping Ottoman advances into Europe.
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* ''ComicBook/XMen'': The KnightTemplar villain Exodus was eventually revealed to have been a French knight who fought for King Philippe II and the medieval Catholic Church during the Third Crusade. Being an early mutant and SuperpowerLottery winner, he survived becoming a SealedBadassInACan for the next 800 years before being revived in the present day by ComicBook/{{Magneto}}.
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* ''ComicBook/XMen'': The KnightTemplar villain Exodus [[Characters/MarvelComicsExodus Exodus]] was eventually revealed to have been a French knight who fought for King Philippe II and the medieval Catholic Church during the Third Crusade. Being an early mutant and SuperpowerLottery winner, he survived becoming a SealedBadassInACan for the next 800 years before being revived in the present day by ComicBook/{{Magneto}}.[[Characters/MarvelComicsMagneto Magneto]].
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* Exodus, the KnightTemplar villain from ''Franchise/XMen'', was eventually revealed to have been a French knight who fought for King Philippe II and the medieval Catholic Church during the Third Crusade. Being an early mutant and SuperpowerLottery winner, he survived becoming a SealedBadassInACan for the next 800 years before being revived in the present day by ComicBook/{{Magneto}}.
* There are two characters from Comicbook/TheAvengers who call themselves the BlackKnight, both of whom are descended from a lineage that can be traced back to the days of Myth/KingArthur. One of their mutual ancestors, Eobar Garrington, fought as a crusader knight during the days of the Third Crusade (and was incidentally the best friend of Bennet du Paris, the future Exodus as detailed above). The current Black Knight, Dane Whitman, also spent some time in the past during the Crusades and falls into some trouble with the parents of Faiza Hussain, his Pakistani-English Muslim Squire (who has HealingHands, wields Excalibur, and [[AscendedFanboy treats superheroics as her 'fandom']]) when her father points out that while he's not as informed as his daughter, he ''knows'' where Dane got his facility with Middle-Eastern languages from.
* A more generalized Creator/MarvelComics character with roots in the Crusades is Arthur Blackwood, a minor villain who literally calls himself the Crusader. An ex-seminary student of unstable mind, Blackwood eventually had a vision of one of his ancestors, who is identified as having served in the Crusades (in which Crusade and in what role is not specified). Being bequeathed a suit of knightly armor and a sword by said ancestors, Blackwood went on to become a ranting TautologicalTemplar villain to heroes such as ComicBook/TheMightyThor, ComicBook/LukeCage and Nate Grey the ComicBook/XMan (who was at the time being referred to as 'the Mutant Messiah').
* On the Creator/DCComics side of things there's the Order of St. Dumas from the ''Franchise/{{Batman}}'' books. An offshot of UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar dedicated to the teachings of the titular Dumas (who, according to Oracle, "no one else ever accused of being a saint."), the Order quickly fractured further due to the TautologicalTemplar nature of its followers, but somehow managed to survive over the centuries into the present day. They're best known as TheManBehindTheMan to ComicBook/{{Azrael}}.
* There are two characters from Comicbook/TheAvengers who call themselves the BlackKnight, both of whom are descended from a lineage that can be traced back to the days of Myth/KingArthur. One of their mutual ancestors, Eobar Garrington, fought as a crusader knight during the days of the Third Crusade (and was incidentally the best friend of Bennet du Paris, the future Exodus as detailed above). The current Black Knight, Dane Whitman, also spent some time in the past during the Crusades and falls into some trouble with the parents of Faiza Hussain, his Pakistani-English Muslim Squire (who has HealingHands, wields Excalibur, and [[AscendedFanboy treats superheroics as her 'fandom']]) when her father points out that while he's not as informed as his daughter, he ''knows'' where Dane got his facility with Middle-Eastern languages from.
* A more generalized Creator/MarvelComics character with roots in the Crusades is Arthur Blackwood, a minor villain who literally calls himself the Crusader. An ex-seminary student of unstable mind, Blackwood eventually had a vision of one of his ancestors, who is identified as having served in the Crusades (in which Crusade and in what role is not specified). Being bequeathed a suit of knightly armor and a sword by said ancestors, Blackwood went on to become a ranting TautologicalTemplar villain to heroes such as ComicBook/TheMightyThor, ComicBook/LukeCage and Nate Grey the ComicBook/XMan (who was at the time being referred to as 'the Mutant Messiah').
* On the Creator/DCComics side of things there's the Order of St. Dumas from the ''Franchise/{{Batman}}'' books. An offshot of UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar dedicated to the teachings of the titular Dumas (who, according to Oracle, "no one else ever accused of being a saint."), the Order quickly fractured further due to the TautologicalTemplar nature of its followers, but somehow managed to survive over the centuries into the present day. They're best known as TheManBehindTheMan to ComicBook/{{Azrael}}.
to:
* Exodus, the KnightTemplar villain from ''Franchise/XMen'', was eventually revealed to have been a French knight who fought for King Philippe II and the medieval Catholic Church during the Third Crusade. Being an early mutant and SuperpowerLottery winner, he survived becoming a SealedBadassInACan for the next 800 years before being revived in the present day by ComicBook/{{Magneto}}.
* There are two characters from Comicbook/TheAvengers who call themselves the BlackKnight, both of whom are descended from a lineage that can be traced back to the days of Myth/KingArthur. One of their mutual ancestors, Eobar Garrington, fought as a crusader knight during the days of the Third Crusade (and was incidentally the best friend of Bennet du Paris, the future Exodus as detailed above).''ComicBook/{{Batman}}'': The current Black Knight, Dane Whitman, also spent some time in the past during the Crusades and falls into some trouble with the parents of Faiza Hussain, his Pakistani-English Muslim Squire (who has HealingHands, wields Excalibur, and [[AscendedFanboy treats superheroics as her 'fandom']]) when her father points out that while he's not as informed as his daughter, he ''knows'' where Dane got his facility with Middle-Eastern languages from.
* A more generalized Creator/MarvelComics character with roots in the Crusades is Arthur Blackwood, a minor villain who literally calls himself the Crusader. An ex-seminary student of unstable mind, Blackwood eventually had a vision of one of his ancestors, who is identified as having served in the Crusades (in which Crusade and in what role is not specified). Being bequeathed a suit of knightly armor and a sword by said ancestors, Blackwood went on to become a ranting TautologicalTemplar villain to heroes such as ComicBook/TheMightyThor, ComicBook/LukeCage and Nate Grey the ComicBook/XMan (who was at the time being referred to as 'the Mutant Messiah').
* On the Creator/DCComics side of things there's theOrder of St. Dumas from the ''Franchise/{{Batman}}'' books. An is an offshot of UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar dedicated to the teachings of the titular Dumas (who, according to Oracle, "no one else ever accused of being a saint."), the Order quickly fractured further due to the TautologicalTemplar nature of its followers, but somehow managed to survive over the centuries into the present day. They're best known as TheManBehindTheMan to ComicBook/{{Azrael}}.
* There are two characters from Comicbook/TheAvengers who call themselves the BlackKnight, both of whom are descended from a lineage that can be traced back to the days of Myth/KingArthur. One of their mutual ancestors, Eobar Garrington, fought as a crusader knight during the days of the Third Crusade (and was incidentally the best friend of Bennet du Paris, the future Exodus as detailed above).
* A more generalized Creator/MarvelComics character with roots in the Crusades is Arthur Blackwood, a minor villain who literally calls himself the Crusader. An ex-seminary student of unstable mind, Blackwood eventually had a vision of one of his ancestors, who is identified as having served in the Crusades (in which Crusade and in what role is not specified). Being bequeathed a suit of knightly armor and a sword by said ancestors, Blackwood went on to become a ranting TautologicalTemplar villain to heroes such as ComicBook/TheMightyThor, ComicBook/LukeCage and Nate Grey the ComicBook/XMan (who was at the time being referred to as 'the Mutant Messiah').
* On the Creator/DCComics side of things there's the
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* ''ComicBook/{{Black Knight|MarvelComics}}'': The Black Knight lineage can be traced back to the days of Myth/KingArthur. One of the bearers of the title, Eobar Garrington, fought as a crusader knight during the days of the Third Crusade (and was incidentally the best friend of Bennet du Paris, the future Exodus as detailed above). The current Black Knight, Dane Whitman, also spent some time in the past during the Crusades and falls into some trouble with the parents of Faiza Hussain, his Pakistani-English Muslim Squire (who has HealingHands, wields Excalibur, and [[AscendedFanboy treats superheroics as her 'fandom']]) when her father points out that while he's not as informed as his daughter, he ''knows'' where Dane got his facility with Middle-Eastern languages from.
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* ''ComicBook/TheMightyThor'': An ex-seminary student of unstable mind, Arthur Blackwood eventually had a vision of one of his ancestors, who is identified as having served in the Crusades (in which Crusade and in what role is not specified). Being bequeathed a suit of knightly armor and a sword by said ancestors, Blackwood went on to become the ranting TautologicalTemplar villain Crusader, fighting heroes such as Thor, ComicBook/LukeCage and Nate Grey the ComicBook/XMan (who was at the time being referred to as 'the Mutant Messiah').
* ''ComicBook/XMen'': The KnightTemplar villain Exodus was eventually revealed to have been a French knight who fought for King Philippe II and the medieval Catholic Church during the Third Crusade. Being an early mutant and SuperpowerLottery winner, he survived becoming a SealedBadassInACan for the next 800 years before being revived in the present day by ComicBook/{{Magneto}}.
* ''ComicBook/XMen'': The KnightTemplar villain Exodus was eventually revealed to have been a French knight who fought for King Philippe II and the medieval Catholic Church during the Third Crusade. Being an early mutant and SuperpowerLottery winner, he survived becoming a SealedBadassInACan for the next 800 years before being revived in the present day by ComicBook/{{Magneto}}.
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-->-- '''Arnaud Amalric'''[[note]]He, allegedly, said this about differentiating faithful Catholics from the Cathar Heretics in Southern France, during the Albigensian Crusade.[[/note]]
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns that took place between the [[TheHighMiddleAges 11th and 13th centuries]], most famously against the [[UsefulNotes/{{Islam}} Muslims]], or Saracens, to reconquer the Holy Land (modern-day UsefulNotes/{{Lebanon}}, UsefulNotes/{{Israel}} and a part of UsefulNotes/{{Syria}}, more or less), but it also included other conflicts, such as the campaigns against the [[UsefulNotes/SpanishReconquista Moors in Spain]] as well as pagans in the Baltics, and the Albigensian [[TheHeretic heretics]]. The word "Crusade" is a coinage from a later era. During the era, the expeditions were described as ''iter'' or ''peregrenatio'' which means "pilgrimage". The warriors going to the Holy Land saw their duty as essentially religious in nature, a holy quest to a holy place, defeating and crushing heathens and heretics, earning glory in earth and a place in heaven. The word "Crusade" comes from ''croisade'' which referred to the practice of stitching a cross on garments, a heraldic practice which metaphorically certainly fits the era. Arab historians of the medieval era simply called it "the Frankish Wars", while modern historians returning to the Crusades after their experience with colonialism and Arab nationalism, also call it Crusades (or "campaigns of the cross" or ''ḥamalāt ṣalībiyya''--"Campaigns/Operations of the Cross"--with the word ''ṣalībiyyūn''--"Those of the Cross" or, well, "Crusaders"--used to describe Crusaders and Westerners in general).[[note]]For reference, ''ṣalīb'' is the Arabic word for "cross".[[/note]]
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns that took place between the [[TheHighMiddleAges 11th and 13th centuries]], most famously against the [[UsefulNotes/{{Islam}} Muslims]], or Saracens, to reconquer the Holy Land (modern-day UsefulNotes/{{Lebanon}}, UsefulNotes/{{Israel}} and a part of UsefulNotes/{{Syria}}, more or less), but it also included other conflicts, such as the campaigns against the [[UsefulNotes/SpanishReconquista Moors in Spain]] as well as pagans in the Baltics, and the Albigensian [[TheHeretic heretics]]. The word "Crusade" is a coinage from a later era. During the era, the expeditions were described as ''iter'' or ''peregrenatio'' which means "pilgrimage". The warriors going to the Holy Land saw their duty as essentially religious in nature, a holy quest to a holy place, defeating and crushing heathens and heretics, earning glory in earth and a place in heaven. The word "Crusade" comes from ''croisade'' which referred to the practice of stitching a cross on garments, a heraldic practice which metaphorically certainly fits the era. Arab historians of the medieval era simply called it "the Frankish Wars", while modern historians returning to the Crusades after their experience with colonialism and Arab nationalism, also call it Crusades (or "campaigns of the cross" or ''ḥamalāt ṣalībiyya''--"Campaigns/Operations of the Cross"--with the word ''ṣalībiyyūn''--"Those of the Cross" or, well, "Crusaders"--used to describe Crusaders and Westerners in general).[[note]]For reference, ''ṣalīb'' is the Arabic word for "cross".[[/note]]
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-->-- '''Arnaud Amalric'''[[note]]He, allegedly, said this about differentiating faithful Catholics from the Cathar [[UsefulNotes/TheCathars Cathar]] Heretics in Southern France, during the Albigensian Crusade.[[/note]]
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns that took place between the [[TheHighMiddleAges 11th and 13th centuries]], most famously against the [[UsefulNotes/{{Islam}} Muslims]], or Saracens, to reconquer the Holy Land (modern-day UsefulNotes/{{Lebanon}}, UsefulNotes/{{Israel}} and a part of UsefulNotes/{{Syria}}, more or less), but it also included other conflicts, such as the campaigns against the [[UsefulNotes/SpanishReconquista Moors in Spain]] as well as pagans in the Baltics, and theAlbigensian [[UsefulNotes/TheCathars Albigensian]] [[TheHeretic heretics]]. The word "Crusade" is a coinage from a later era. During the era, the expeditions were described as ''iter'' or ''peregrenatio'' which means "pilgrimage". The warriors going to the Holy Land saw their duty as essentially religious in nature, a holy quest to a holy place, defeating and crushing heathens and heretics, earning glory in earth and a place in heaven. The word "Crusade" comes from ''croisade'' which referred to the practice of stitching a cross on garments, a heraldic practice which metaphorically certainly fits the era. Arab historians of the medieval era simply called it "the Frankish Wars", while modern historians returning to the Crusades after their experience with colonialism and Arab nationalism, also call it Crusades (or "campaigns of the cross" or ''ḥamalāt ṣalībiyya''--"Campaigns/Operations of the Cross"--with the word ''ṣalībiyyūn''--"Those of the Cross" or, well, "Crusaders"--used to describe Crusaders and Westerners in general).[[note]]For reference, ''ṣalīb'' is the Arabic word for "cross".[[/note]]
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns that took place between the [[TheHighMiddleAges 11th and 13th centuries]], most famously against the [[UsefulNotes/{{Islam}} Muslims]], or Saracens, to reconquer the Holy Land (modern-day UsefulNotes/{{Lebanon}}, UsefulNotes/{{Israel}} and a part of UsefulNotes/{{Syria}}, more or less), but it also included other conflicts, such as the campaigns against the [[UsefulNotes/SpanishReconquista Moors in Spain]] as well as pagans in the Baltics, and the
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* The Albigensian Crusade (1209-1229): Far and away the bloodiest of all crusades, concentrated on the practitioners of the Cathar sect in Languedoc which ultimately crushed it. Reports of casualties range from 200,000 to 1,000,000. Famous for Arnaud Amalric's famous dictum at the massacre at Béziers. Fun fact for fans of English history: One of the main military commanders who executed Arnaud Almaric's order was the local Catholic lord of Béziers, one Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester--father of the same Simon de Montfort (the 6th Earl of Leicester) who had such a powerful effect on the [[UsefulNotes/BritishPoliticalSystem development of the English constitution]].
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* The Albigensian Crusade (1209-1229): Far and away the bloodiest of all crusades, concentrated on the practitioners of the Cathar [[UsefulNotes/TheCathars Cathar]] sect in Languedoc which ultimately crushed it. Reports of casualties range from 200,000 to 1,000,000. Famous for Arnaud Amalric's famous dictum at the massacre at Béziers. Fun fact for fans of English history: One of the main military commanders who executed Arnaud Almaric's order was the local Catholic lord of Béziers, one Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester--father of the same Simon de Montfort (the 6th Earl of Leicester) who had such a powerful effect on the [[UsefulNotes/BritishPoliticalSystem development of the English constitution]].
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** '''Crusade of 1197''': Also known as the '' Crusade of Henry VI''. A desire to fulfil his fathers oath made the new Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI ask to pope to sanction another expedition to the Holy Land; but in an almost complete echo of what had happened before he would end up dying on the way after contracting malaria in Sicily. A good chunk of his forces had already made it to the levant at this point though and managed to capture booth Beirut and Sidon before the news arrived and made them return home in order to achieve favour with his successor.
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** The second so called '''Dutch Crusade''' part was led by the papal envoy Pelagius Galvani and William I of Holland and would prove slightly more successful. After joining up with the remains of the Hungarian crusade they made the decision to assault Egypt itself and actually managed to conquer the port city of Damietta after a lengthy siege. Wanting to avoid a potential disaster the Ayyubid sultan Al-Kamil actually started sending envoys to the crusaders offering Jerusalem in exchange for them leaving but their minds were made up; they were gonna conquer Cairo itself which in hindsight proved to be a big mistake. After steadily marching towards the capital during 1221 the crusaders found themself lured into a trap near Mansurah and once they realised what had happened it was to late and Pelagio Galvani ended up surrendering to Al-Kamil. The end result was an 8 year truce with the Egyptians as well as them abandoning Damietta in exchange for being allowed to leave. Pelagius Galvani notable being scolded by the Pope himself for not taking up Al-Kamil's offer.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:''' Many fingers ended up being pointed regarding who's shoulders the failure of the fifth crusade laid on. And one of the people in the spotlight was [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (aka ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") who had actually taken an oath to join the crusade but who sat it out anyway. This oath came back to him in 1221 when pope Honorius III sent an envoy to remind him of his duty and after multiple delays he would end up leading the sixth crusade in 1228. This came with perfect timing as Sultan Al-Kamil was actually locked in a civil war and, not wanting to deal with crusaders as well, immediately started entering negotiations with Friederich II who despite being excommunicated for his fraternizing actually managed to reach a peace agreement with Al-Kamil (even becoming friends in the process, mainly through their mutual dislike of the papacy) and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders through the Treaty of Jaffa for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This was the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalem itself.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:''' Many fingers ended up being pointed regarding who's shoulders the failure of the fifth crusade laid on. And one of the people in the spotlight was [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (aka ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") who had actually taken an oath to join the crusade but who sat it out anyway. This oath came back to him in 1221 when pope Honorius III sent an envoy to remind him of his duty and after multiple delays he would end up leading the sixth crusade in 1228. This came with perfect timing as Sultan Al-Kamil was actually locked in a civil war and, not wanting to deal with crusaders as well, immediately started entering negotiations with Friederich II who despite being excommunicated for his fraternizing actually managed to reach a peace agreement with Al-Kamil (even becoming friends in the process, mainly through their mutual dislike of the papacy) and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders through the Treaty of Jaffa for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This was the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalem itself.
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** The second so called '''Dutch Crusade''' part was led (led by the papal envoy Pelagius Galvani and William I of Holland and Holland) would prove slightly more successful. After joining up with the remains of the Hungarian crusade they made the decision to assault Egypt itself and actually managed to conquer the port city of Damietta after a lengthy siege. Wanting to avoid a potential disaster the Ayyubid sultan Al-Kamil actually started sending envoys to the crusaders offering Jerusalem in exchange for them leaving but their minds were made up; they were gonna conquer Cairo itself which in hindsight proved to be a big mistake. After steadily marching towards the capital during 1221 the crusaders found themself lured into a trap near Mansurah and once they realised what had happened it was to late and Pelagio Galvani ended up surrendering to Al-Kamil. The end result was an 8 year truce with the Egyptians as well as them abandoning Damietta in exchange for being allowed to leave. Pelagius Galvani notable being scolded by the Pope himself for not taking up Al-Kamil's offer.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:''' Many fingers ended up being pointed regarding who's shoulders the failure of the fifth crusade laid on. And one of the people in the spotlight was [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (aka ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") who had actually taken an oath to join the crusade but who sat it out anyway. This oath came back to him in 1221 when pope Honorius III sent an envoy to remind him of his duty and after multiple delays he would end up leading the sixth crusade in 1228. This came with perfect timing as Sultan Al-Kamil was actually locked in a civil war with his rebellious brother over in Damascus and, not wanting to deal with crusaders as well, immediately started entering negotiations with Friederich II who despite being excommunicated for his fraternizing actually managed to reach a peace agreement with Al-Kamil (even becoming friends in the process, mainly through their mutual dislike of the papacy) and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders through the Treaty of Jaffa for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This was the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalemitself.itself.
** '''Crusade of 1239''': Also known as the ''Barons' Crusade''. Friederich II's success in taking Jerusalem trough diplomatic means didn't sit well with most European nations and wanting to take full advantage of the still ongoing Cairo-Damascus schism led Pope Gregory IX to call another crusade the same year that Friederich II truce deal ran out. Despite some initial hurdles such as attempted interference from Gregory IX (who wanted them to divert to Anatolia and help the still Latin controlled Constantinople) and a military blunder that left Jerusalem once more in Muslim hands for a while - The crusade would actually prove to be a major success that for a few years at least restored Latin rule in the levant to a state not seen since the time of the first crusade.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:''' Many fingers ended up being pointed regarding who's shoulders the failure of the fifth crusade laid on. And one of the people in the spotlight was [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (aka ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") who had actually taken an oath to join the crusade but who sat it out anyway. This oath came back to him in 1221 when pope Honorius III sent an envoy to remind him of his duty and after multiple delays he would end up leading the sixth crusade in 1228. This came with perfect timing as Sultan Al-Kamil was actually locked in a civil war with his rebellious brother over in Damascus and, not wanting to deal with crusaders as well, immediately started entering negotiations with Friederich II who despite being excommunicated for his fraternizing actually managed to reach a peace agreement with Al-Kamil (even becoming friends in the process, mainly through their mutual dislike of the papacy) and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders through the Treaty of Jaffa for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This was the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalem
** '''Crusade of 1239''': Also known as the ''Barons' Crusade''. Friederich II's success in taking Jerusalem trough diplomatic means didn't sit well with most European nations and wanting to take full advantage of the still ongoing Cairo-Damascus schism led Pope Gregory IX to call another crusade the same year that Friederich II truce deal ran out. Despite some initial hurdles such as attempted interference from Gregory IX (who wanted them to divert to Anatolia and help the still Latin controlled Constantinople) and a military blunder that left Jerusalem once more in Muslim hands for a while - The crusade would actually prove to be a major success that for a few years at least restored Latin rule in the levant to a state not seen since the time of the first crusade.
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* '''The Eighth Crusade''': In 1270, Louis IX instead tried to attack Tunis, but died shortly after arriving, with his army struck by disease and dispersing quickly back to Europe afterward.
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* '''The Eighth Crusade''': In 1270, Louis IX with the aid of James I of Aragon instead tried to attack Tunis, but died shortly after arriving, with his army struck by disease and dispersing quickly back to Europe afterward. James I similarly never even made it to Egypt after his ships were crippled by a storm on the way.
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Naturally, the movement extended to a much bigger and more complex set of conflicts and there would be several other crusades being called in the following centuries. Although religious fervor was certainly a big factor, the motives, progress, and effects of the various Crusades are deeper and more various than most people think, so perhaps you are better off reading Website/TheOtherWiki (among other places) if you want to know more. Nevertheless, here is an overview of the more important crusades―the first through the fifth, which had the approval and blessing of the then reigning [[UsefulNotes/ThePope Popes]], to get you started.
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Naturally, the movement extended to a much bigger and more complex set of conflicts and there would be several other crusades being called in the following centuries. Although religious fervor was certainly a big factor, the motives, progress, and effects of the various Crusades are deeper and more various than most people think, so perhaps you are better off reading Website/TheOtherWiki (among other places) if you want to know more. Nevertheless, here is an overview of some of the more important crusades―the first through the fifth, which had the approval and blessing of the then reigning [[UsefulNotes/ThePope Popes]], ones, to get you started.
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I will add some more subparts some other day
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* '''The First Crusade:''' In 1096, after [[UsefulNotes/ThePope Pope Urban II]] had called for military action at the Council of Clermont in central France, the mainly Frankish, Norman and Lombard Crusader forces, led by Bohémond de Hautevillle, his nephew Tancrède, Raymond de Toulouse, Godefroy de Bouillon, and other noblemen, after being warily received in Constantinople and pledging to restore lost territories to the Byzantines, sailed to Anatolia and began conquering the Seljuk-occupied land. All the while being faced by grave deprivation of food and water, they reached Jerusalem in 1099; the city refused to surrender and a lengthy siege began, with Jews and Muslims fighting side by side to repel the attackers, the native Christians having been expelled from the city before the siege. After the city was taken, the soldiers massacred all inhabitants of a city that refused to lay down arms (so that, we are told, their horses waded in blood up to the fetlocks), though some commanders managed to control their men and allowed the remaining citizens to surrender. Still, much of the city was destroyed and most of its civilian inhabitants were killed or expelled. Afterwards, the consolidation of the crusader states was completed, with the barons dividing the conquered territories (or as they called it, ''Outremer'' ― the "Land ''Beyond the Sea''") among them. Godfrey of Bouillon became the first "Frankish" ruler of Jerusalem, though refusing the crown and title of a King and preferring to be known merely as "Defender of the Holy Sepulcher".
* '''The Second Crusade:''' Initially the Muslim leaders did not do anything about the Crusaders, as they had internal conflicts to deal with, and a period of relative calm followed in the Holy Lands between the Muslim and Christian population. Eventually, however, Muslim forces under Zengi, the Turkish Atabeg ("Count Palatine", more or less) of Mosul (in what is now northern UsefulNotes/{{Iraq}}) finally organized and retook the city of Edessa in 1144; a second crusade was launched to defend the new kingdoms. They had great success in the Mediterranean but failed to win any major battles in the Levant. King Louis VII of France and the [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Holy Roman Emperor Konrad II]] returned to their countries (although not before Louis led a completely futile and idiotic attack on Damascus--one of the few Arab ''allies'' of the Crusaders). This crusade was supposedly enlivened by the spectacle of UsefulNotes/EleanorOfAquitaine, the wife of the King of France (at the time anyway), conducting with her ladies-in-waiting a sort of pageant of "women-warriors" (as well as being accused of carrying on an ''affaire'' with her uncle(!), Raymond of Antioch).
* '''The Second Crusade:''' Initially the Muslim leaders did not do anything about the Crusaders, as they had internal conflicts to deal with, and a period of relative calm followed in the Holy Lands between the Muslim and Christian population. Eventually, however, Muslim forces under Zengi, the Turkish Atabeg ("Count Palatine", more or less) of Mosul (in what is now northern UsefulNotes/{{Iraq}}) finally organized and retook the city of Edessa in 1144; a second crusade was launched to defend the new kingdoms. They had great success in the Mediterranean but failed to win any major battles in the Levant. King Louis VII of France and the [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Holy Roman Emperor Konrad II]] returned to their countries (although not before Louis led a completely futile and idiotic attack on Damascus--one of the few Arab ''allies'' of the Crusaders). This crusade was supposedly enlivened by the spectacle of UsefulNotes/EleanorOfAquitaine, the wife of the King of France (at the time anyway), conducting with her ladies-in-waiting a sort of pageant of "women-warriors" (as well as being accused of carrying on an ''affaire'' with her uncle(!), Raymond of Antioch).
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* '''The First Crusade:''' Fitting for being the first and grandest had many subparts with the main one being the so called '''Princes' Crusade'''. In 1096, after [[UsefulNotes/ThePope Pope Urban II]] had called for military action at the Council of Clermont in central France, the mainly Frankish, Norman and Lombard Crusader forces, led by Bohémond de Hautevillle, his nephew Tancrède, Raymond de Toulouse, Godefroy de Bouillon, and other noblemen, after being warily received in Constantinople and pledging to restore lost territories to the Byzantines, sailed to Anatolia and began conquering the Seljuk-occupied land. All the while being faced by grave deprivation of food and water, they reached Jerusalem in 1099; the city refused to surrender and a lengthy siege began, with Jews and Muslims fighting side by side to repel the attackers, the native Christians having been expelled from the city before the siege. After the city was taken, the soldiers massacred all inhabitants of a city that refused to lay down arms (so that, we are told, their horses waded in blood up to the fetlocks), though some commanders managed to control their men and allowed the remaining citizens to surrender. Still, much of the city was destroyed and most of its civilian inhabitants were killed or expelled. Afterwards, the consolidation of the crusader states was completed, with the barons dividing the conquered territories (or as they called it, ''Outremer'' ― the "Land ''Beyond the Sea''") among them. Godfrey of Bouillon became the first "Frankish" ruler of Jerusalem, though refusing the crown and title of a King and preferring to be known merely as "Defender of the Holy Sepulcher".
** '''The People's Crusade:''' Many normal citizens also heard Pope Urban II's call and several ragtag groups of pilgrims armed with [[ArmyOfThievesAndWhores favour and pitchforks]] also marched towards Jerusalem separate from the nobles. Spearheading this group was an extremely charismatic catholic priest known as Peter the Hermit but that's roughly where his talents ended. Most of those participating in this so called "Popular" Crusade never even made it to Constantinople after spending most of their time ravaging Hungary.[[note]]It eventually got so bad that King Coloman started killing crusaders the moment they entered his country. Godfrey even had to submit his own brother has hostage to Coloman in order for his army to be let through.[[/note]] Those few that made it soon got kicked out of Constantinople too after threatening to do the same to the city and were eventually slaughtered in a Seljuk Ambush.
** '''Crusade of 1101:''' Also known as the ''Crusade of the Faint-Hearted''. A mostly Lombard led appendix to the Princes' Crusade consisting of nobles that had sat it out but following its success now suddenly found themselves very willing to join. The crusade quickly morphed into a rescue mission though as King Bohemund I of Antioch (one of the original crusaders and fellow Lombard) had managed to get himself captured following an disastrous invasion of the Danishmend Beylik (modern day eastern Turkey) and the crusade switched tracks from the holy land to his prison at Neocaesarea (Niksar). The Danishmeds (as well as their Seljuk-Rum allies) were well prepared for the crusade though and pretty much the entire force ended up slaughtered in an ambush not far from the city.
** '''Norwegian Crusade''': More of a pilgrimage than a crusade but often counted among the first crusade subparts. Once the success of the crusade reached the ears of the Norwegian King Sigurd I he found a great interest in visiting Jerusalem himself and [[HeroOfAnotherStory after many adventures along the way]] he would arrive at the city in 1110. There he was warmly welcomed by Baldwin I and after praying at the Holy Sepulchre and bathing in the river Jordan he would help Baldwin capture the city of Sidon before heading home again.
** '''Venetian Crusade''': By 1122 the entire levant coast had surrendered to the Latins with one notable exception. Despite numerous attempts over the years [[CitadelCity Tyre]] still remained in Seljuk hands and was a notable nail in the eye for Baldwin II of Jerusalem who didn't want it to tie up his forces in his ongoing war with Damascus. That year he would rectify the problem by asking the Pope for help and, wanting an opportunity to weaken the Byzantine trade monopoly in the region, [[UsefulNotes/{{Venice}} Doge Domenico Michiel of Venice]] answered the call and led a massive seaborn army towards the holy land. After defeating a Fatimid fleet at Jaffa, Tyre was successfully put under siege and eventually surrendered to the Venetians on the 29 of June 1124. Baldwin II wouldn't be there to witness the triumph though, as he had been captured by the Seljuks the year before and was being held prisoner in Damascus. He managed to escape later the same year though and the Venetians agreed to trade the city in exchange for exclusive commercial privileges in the region which he granted before resuming his war with Damascus. The Venetians then returned home but not before ravaging a few Greek islands in a prophetic act regarding things to come in 80 years or so...
** '''Crusade of 1129''': Also known as the ''Damascus Crusade''. By 1127 Baldwin II realised that he wasn't going to win his war with Damascus alone and after a couple of years worth of delays he would recruit the help of pretty much every other crusader state in an attempt to take the city itself. His plan of relying on the corrupt [[EvilChancellor vizier al-Mazdaqānī]] to open the gates for the crusaders were foiled though when the plot was discovered by the Emir who had him executed. The force marched on anyway with the intent of putting the city to siege but once they arrived a huge thunderstorm suddenly appeared and, being seen as an ill omen as well as a sign from god, made the soldiers refuse to actually attack the city. Having no other choice Baldwin II entered into negotiations with his Muslim counterpart and Damascus agreed to pay a tribute in exchange for the crusaders leaving the city alone. Putting an end to the Jerusalem-Damascus war and with that the final act of what's known as the first crusade.
* '''The Second Crusade:''' Initially the greater Muslim leaders did not do anything about the Crusaders, as they had internal conflicts to deal with, and a period of relative calm followed in the Holy Lands between the Muslim and Christian population. Eventually, however, Muslim forces under Zengi, the Turkish Atabeg ("Count Palatine", more or less) of Mosul (in what is now northern UsefulNotes/{{Iraq}}) finally organized and retook the city of Edessa in 1144; a second crusade was launched to defend the new kingdoms. They had great success in the Mediterranean but failed to win any major battles in the Levant. King Louis VII of France and the [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Holy Roman Emperor Konrad II]] returned to their countries (although not before Louis led a completely futile and idiotic attack on Damascus--one of the few Arab ''allies'' of the Crusaders). This crusade was supposedly enlivened by the spectacle of UsefulNotes/EleanorOfAquitaine, the wife of the King of France (at the time anyway), conducting with her ladies-in-waiting a sort of pageant of "women-warriors" (as well as being accused of carrying on an ''affaire'' with her uncle(!), Raymond of Antioch).
** '''The People's Crusade:''' Many normal citizens also heard Pope Urban II's call and several ragtag groups of pilgrims armed with [[ArmyOfThievesAndWhores favour and pitchforks]] also marched towards Jerusalem separate from the nobles. Spearheading this group was an extremely charismatic catholic priest known as Peter the Hermit but that's roughly where his talents ended. Most of those participating in this so called "Popular" Crusade never even made it to Constantinople after spending most of their time ravaging Hungary.[[note]]It eventually got so bad that King Coloman started killing crusaders the moment they entered his country. Godfrey even had to submit his own brother has hostage to Coloman in order for his army to be let through.[[/note]] Those few that made it soon got kicked out of Constantinople too after threatening to do the same to the city and were eventually slaughtered in a Seljuk Ambush.
** '''Crusade of 1101:''' Also known as the ''Crusade of the Faint-Hearted''. A mostly Lombard led appendix to the Princes' Crusade consisting of nobles that had sat it out but following its success now suddenly found themselves very willing to join. The crusade quickly morphed into a rescue mission though as King Bohemund I of Antioch (one of the original crusaders and fellow Lombard) had managed to get himself captured following an disastrous invasion of the Danishmend Beylik (modern day eastern Turkey) and the crusade switched tracks from the holy land to his prison at Neocaesarea (Niksar). The Danishmeds (as well as their Seljuk-Rum allies) were well prepared for the crusade though and pretty much the entire force ended up slaughtered in an ambush not far from the city.
** '''Norwegian Crusade''': More of a pilgrimage than a crusade but often counted among the first crusade subparts. Once the success of the crusade reached the ears of the Norwegian King Sigurd I he found a great interest in visiting Jerusalem himself and [[HeroOfAnotherStory after many adventures along the way]] he would arrive at the city in 1110. There he was warmly welcomed by Baldwin I and after praying at the Holy Sepulchre and bathing in the river Jordan he would help Baldwin capture the city of Sidon before heading home again.
** '''Venetian Crusade''': By 1122 the entire levant coast had surrendered to the Latins with one notable exception. Despite numerous attempts over the years [[CitadelCity Tyre]] still remained in Seljuk hands and was a notable nail in the eye for Baldwin II of Jerusalem who didn't want it to tie up his forces in his ongoing war with Damascus. That year he would rectify the problem by asking the Pope for help and, wanting an opportunity to weaken the Byzantine trade monopoly in the region, [[UsefulNotes/{{Venice}} Doge Domenico Michiel of Venice]] answered the call and led a massive seaborn army towards the holy land. After defeating a Fatimid fleet at Jaffa, Tyre was successfully put under siege and eventually surrendered to the Venetians on the 29 of June 1124. Baldwin II wouldn't be there to witness the triumph though, as he had been captured by the Seljuks the year before and was being held prisoner in Damascus. He managed to escape later the same year though and the Venetians agreed to trade the city in exchange for exclusive commercial privileges in the region which he granted before resuming his war with Damascus. The Venetians then returned home but not before ravaging a few Greek islands in a prophetic act regarding things to come in 80 years or so...
** '''Crusade of 1129''': Also known as the ''Damascus Crusade''. By 1127 Baldwin II realised that he wasn't going to win his war with Damascus alone and after a couple of years worth of delays he would recruit the help of pretty much every other crusader state in an attempt to take the city itself. His plan of relying on the corrupt [[EvilChancellor vizier al-Mazdaqānī]] to open the gates for the crusaders were foiled though when the plot was discovered by the Emir who had him executed. The force marched on anyway with the intent of putting the city to siege but once they arrived a huge thunderstorm suddenly appeared and, being seen as an ill omen as well as a sign from god, made the soldiers refuse to actually attack the city. Having no other choice Baldwin II entered into negotiations with his Muslim counterpart and Damascus agreed to pay a tribute in exchange for the crusaders leaving the city alone. Putting an end to the Jerusalem-Damascus war and with that the final act of what's known as the first crusade.
* '''The Second Crusade:''' Initially the greater Muslim leaders did not do anything about the Crusaders, as they had internal conflicts to deal with, and a period of relative calm followed in the Holy Lands between the Muslim and Christian population. Eventually, however, Muslim forces under Zengi, the Turkish Atabeg ("Count Palatine", more or less) of Mosul (in what is now northern UsefulNotes/{{Iraq}}) finally organized and retook the city of Edessa in 1144; a second crusade was launched to defend the new kingdoms. They had great success in the Mediterranean but failed to win any major battles in the Levant. King Louis VII of France and the [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Holy Roman Emperor Konrad II]] returned to their countries (although not before Louis led a completely futile and idiotic attack on Damascus--one of the few Arab ''allies'' of the Crusaders). This crusade was supposedly enlivened by the spectacle of UsefulNotes/EleanorOfAquitaine, the wife of the King of France (at the time anyway), conducting with her ladies-in-waiting a sort of pageant of "women-warriors" (as well as being accused of carrying on an ''affaire'' with her uncle(!), Raymond of Antioch).
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* '''The Fifth Crusade:''' Despite his last attempt turning into a complete utter disaster Innocent III would call yet another crusade in 1217. This one is sometimes divided into two different parts: The first was the so called ''Hungarian crusade'' being led by Andrew II of Hungary who took up the cross mainly to stop Innocent III from [[ReminderOfDuty pestering him about it]] regarding an oath made by his father. After arriving in Acre he and his forces would spend more time looting than engaging the Egyptians though and despite the pope threatening him with excommunication Andrew II eventually returned to Hungary without doing much. John of Brienne (the current "king" of Jerusalem) ended up leading the remaining forces who actually was there to carry the cross towards the city but ended up defeated after laying siege to Mount Tabor. The second part, led by the papal envoy Pelagius Galvani and William I of Holland would prove slightly more successful. After joining up with the remains of the Hungarian crusade they made the decision to assault Egypt itself and actually managed to conquer the port city of Damietta after a lengthy siege. Wanting to avoid a potential disaster the Ayyubid sultan Al-Kamil actually started sending envoys to the crusaders offering Jerusalem in exchange for them leaving but their minds were made up; they were gonna conquer Cairo itself which in hindsight proved to be a big mistake. After steadily marching towards the capital during 1221 the crusaders found themself lured into a trap near Mansurah and once they realised what had happened it was to late and Pelagio Galvani ended up surrendering to Al-Kamil. The end result was an 8 year truce with the Egyptians as well as them abandoning Damietta in exchange for being allowed to leave. Pelagius Galvani notable being scolded by the Pope himself for not taking up Al-Kamil's offer.
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* '''The Fifth Crusade:''' Despite his last attempt turning into a complete utter disaster Innocent III would call yet another crusade in 1217. This one is sometimes divided into two different parts: parts
** The first was the so called''Hungarian crusade'' being '''Hungarian Crusade''' led by Andrew II of Hungary who took up the cross mainly to stop Innocent III from [[ReminderOfDuty pestering him about it]] regarding an oath made by his father. After arriving in Acre he and his forces would spend more time looting than engaging the Egyptians though and despite the pope threatening him with excommunication Andrew II eventually returned to Hungary without doing much. John of Brienne (the current "king" of Jerusalem) ended up leading the remaining forces who actually was there to carry the cross towards the city but ended up defeated after laying siege to Mount Tabor.
** The secondpart, so called '''Dutch Crusade''' part was led by the papal envoy Pelagius Galvani and William I of Holland and would prove slightly more successful. After joining up with the remains of the Hungarian crusade they made the decision to assault Egypt itself and actually managed to conquer the port city of Damietta after a lengthy siege. Wanting to avoid a potential disaster the Ayyubid sultan Al-Kamil actually started sending envoys to the crusaders offering Jerusalem in exchange for them leaving but their minds were made up; they were gonna conquer Cairo itself which in hindsight proved to be a big mistake. After steadily marching towards the capital during 1221 the crusaders found themself lured into a trap near Mansurah and once they realised what had happened it was to late and Pelagio Galvani ended up surrendering to Al-Kamil. The end result was an 8 year truce with the Egyptians as well as them abandoning Damietta in exchange for being allowed to leave. Pelagius Galvani notable being scolded by the Pope himself for not taking up Al-Kamil's offer.
** The first was the so called
** The second
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* '''The Fifth Crusade:''' Sometimes divided into two different crusades, this began in 1217, when crusader forces from Austria and Hungary joined with John I of Jerusalem. Their remarkable early success was reversed when their foolhardy attempt to capture Cairo in July of 1221 failed, resulting in an eight-year truce with the Egyptians.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:''' In 1228 [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (called ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") landed in Acre; through a spectacularly unexpected coup of diplomacy, he reached a peace agreement with the ruler of Egypt and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This is the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalem itself.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:''' In 1228 [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (called ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") landed in Acre; through a spectacularly unexpected coup of diplomacy, he reached a peace agreement with the ruler of Egypt and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This is the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalem itself.
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* '''The Fifth Crusade:''' Sometimes Despite his last attempt turning into a complete utter disaster Innocent III would call yet another crusade in 1217. This one is sometimes divided into two different crusades, this began in 1217, when crusader forces from Austria and parts: The first was the so called ''Hungarian crusade'' being led by Andrew II of Hungary joined who took up the cross mainly to stop Innocent III from [[ReminderOfDuty pestering him about it]] regarding an oath made by his father. After arriving in Acre he and his forces would spend more time looting than engaging the Egyptians though and despite the pope threatening him with excommunication Andrew II eventually returned to Hungary without doing much. John of Brienne (the current "king" of Jerusalem) ended up leading the remaining forces who actually was there to carry the cross towards the city but ended up defeated after laying siege to Mount Tabor. The second part, led by the papal envoy Pelagius Galvani and William I of Jerusalem. Their remarkable early success was reversed when Holland would prove slightly more successful. After joining up with the remains of the Hungarian crusade they made the decision to assault Egypt itself and actually managed to conquer the port city of Damietta after a lengthy siege. Wanting to avoid a potential disaster the Ayyubid sultan Al-Kamil actually started sending envoys to the crusaders offering Jerusalem in exchange for them leaving but their foolhardy attempt to capture minds were made up; they were gonna conquer Cairo itself which in July of hindsight proved to be a big mistake. After steadily marching towards the capital during 1221 failed, resulting in the crusaders found themself lured into a trap near Mansurah and once they realised what had happened it was to late and Pelagio Galvani ended up surrendering to Al-Kamil. The end result was an eight-year 8 year truce with the Egyptians.
Egyptians as well as them abandoning Damietta in exchange for being allowed to leave. Pelagius Galvani notable being scolded by the Pope himself for not taking up Al-Kamil's offer.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:'''In 1228 Many fingers ended up being pointed regarding who's shoulders the failure of the fifth crusade laid on. And one of the people in the spotlight was [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire the Holy Roman Emperor]] Friederich II (called (aka ''Stupor Mundi'', "Wonder of the World") landed who had actually taken an oath to join the crusade but who sat it out anyway. This oath came back to him in Acre; through a spectacularly unexpected coup 1221 when pope Honorius III sent an envoy to remind him of diplomacy, his duty and after multiple delays he reached would end up leading the sixth crusade in 1228. This came with perfect timing as Sultan Al-Kamil was actually locked in a civil war and, not wanting to deal with crusaders as well, immediately started entering negotiations with Friederich II who despite being excommunicated for his fraternizing actually managed to reach a peace agreement with Al-Kamil (even becoming friends in the ruler process, mainly through their mutual dislike of Egypt the papacy) and seized the rule of Christian Jerusalem for himself. A section of the kingdom, including Nazareth and Bethlehem as well as the Christian parts of the Holy City itself, was delivered to the crusaders through the Treaty of Jaffa for a period of ten years ―, until some Muslims who were not content with their leaders' decision to allow the crusaders back into Jerusalem put the city under siege and expelled the remaining Christian forces in 1244. This is was the last time the crusaders would maintain any actual control of Jerusalem itself.
* '''The Sixth Crusade:'''
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* '''The Seventh Crusade''': Lasting from 1248 to 1254 under the later-sainted Louis IX of France, this was an utter disaster after Louis and thousands of his troops were captured by the Ayyubid Sultan Turanshah. He was freed after payment of a large ransom. No significant territory changed hands.
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* '''The Seventh Crusade''': Lasting from 1248 to 1254 under the later-sainted Louis IX of France, this was an utter disaster after Louis and thousands of his troops were captured by the Ayyubid Sultan Turanshah. He was freed after payment of a large ransom. No significant territory changed hands.hands though the crusade did have another significant effect on the region. The Ayyubids initial inability to contain the crusaders led to disgruntlements within their Mamluk regiments, and in 1250 Turanshah was assassinated in a military coup that saw his former general Izz al-Din Aybak take the throne and Egypt would remain under Mamluk/military rule for the next 267 years.
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* The Alexandrian Crusade (1365): Called by Peter I of Cyprus against the Kairo (Mamluk) sultanate of Egypt in order to secure his own position and weaken the later economically. While it was successful in "taking" (read, almost completely destroy) Alexandria, the nobles accompanying Peter refused to participate any further and he was forced to leave after just three days.
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* The Alexandrian Crusade (1365): Called by Peter I of Cyprus against the Kairo (Mamluk) Mamluk sultanate of Egypt in order to secure his own position and weaken the later economically. While it was successful in "taking" (read, almost completely destroy) Alexandria, the nobles accompanying Peter refused to participate any further and he was forced to leave after just three days.
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* ''Manga/InnocentsShounenJuujigun'' is a (highly fictionalized) re-telling of the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childrens_Crusade Children's Crusade]] that took place in 1212. It focuses on it leader, Étienne of Cloyes, and his charismtic leadership.
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* ''Manga/InnocentsShounenJuujigun'' is a (highly fictionalized) re-telling of the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childrens_Crusade Children's Crusade]] that took place in 1212. It focuses on it leader, Étienne of Cloyes, and his charismtic charismatic leadership.
