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* Ambition. Since there is a direct relationship between entrepreneurship and material profit in ideal capitalism, ambition is very strongly and directly motivated by the desire for personal wealth. This is one reason why capitalist societies are exceedingly productive and innovative.
* Beauty. The more aesthetically pleasing a product is, the higher its worth. This is a principle well understood by professional marketers.


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* Creativity. See courage.


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* Flexibility. Adaptability is important for any entrepreneur in order to secure and maximize profits.


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* Industriousness. A true cornerstone of all forms of entrepreneurship.


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* Prudence. In capitalistic contexts, this denotes "smart business".
* Rationality. Scientific advancement is an important cornerstone of capitalistic evolvement. This has a strong promoting effect on rationality among the citizens.


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* Solidarity. Capitalism understands very well the value of cooperation in order to achieve common goals. This is the fundamental principle behind the concept of the corporation.

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Libertarianism, or as it shall henceforth be called, capitalism, places a heavy emphasis on the uninhibited right to personal possession. In capitalism, agents lay claim to resources that have not already be claimed by another agent, and from that point onward regard themselves as the rightful owners of those resources. Said resources are then often refined into more complex products, generating an even greater worth, and facilitating trade between parties. This process is seen as largely self-regulating, and capitalistic ideologies tend to advocate minimal interference in matters of economy from the authorities. Capitalism is often coupled with value libertarianism, but can function equally well in conservative cultures.

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Libertarianism, or as it shall henceforth be called, capitalism, places a heavy emphasis on the uninhibited right to personal possession. In capitalism, agents lay claim to resources that have not already be claimed by another agent, and from that point onward regard themselves as the rightful owners of those resources. Said resources are then often refined into more complex products, generating an even greater worth, and facilitating trade between parties. parties.

This process is seen as largely self-regulating, and capitalistic ideologies tend to advocate minimal interference in matters of economy from the authorities. Capitalism is often coupled with value libertarianism, but can function equally well in conservative cultures.
cultures.

Capitalism tends to place extremely heavy emphasis on the utilitarian virtues, seeing as how these have a direct impact on personal and collective productivity. Since these virtues are classically associated with the male identity, capitalist cultures may be subject to chauvinist tendencies.

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* Courage. Delving into previously unexplored areas of industry is frequently rewarded in capitalist society, as each new venture potentially creates a fresh niche in the market. This motivates many budding entrepreneurs to deviate from their comfort zone.
* Determination. All utilitarian virtues promote effectuality and are therefore of critical importance to any entrepreneur.
* Diligence. See determination.
* Discipline. See determination.
* Fortitude. See determination.
* Frugality. This becomes theory of economics in capitalistic contexts. Extremely important for reasons that should be obvious.
* Orderliness. See determination.
* Resourcefulness. See courage and determination.
* Strength. See determination. In particular non-physical strength is emphasized among entrepreneurs. In other words, fortitude.
* Tenacity. See determination.
* Vigilance. The entrepreneur's view is that threats to one's ventures must be monitored and planned for beforehand.
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These virtues are commonly emphasized in societies with value-liberal leanings:

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These virtues are commonly emphasized in societies with value-liberal leanings:
capitalist societies:
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Libertarianism, or as it shall henceforth be called, capitalism, places a heavy emphasis on the uninhibited right to personal possession. In capitalism, agents lay claim to resources that have not already be claimed by another agent, and from that point onward regard themselves as the rightful owners of those resources. Said resources are then often refined into more complex products, generating an even greater worth, and facilitating trade between parties. This process is seen as largely self-regulating, and capitalistic ideologies tend to advocate minimal interference in matters of economy from the authorities. Capitalism is often coupled with value libertarianism, but can function equally well in conservative cultures.

These virtues are commonly emphasized in societies with value-liberal leanings:

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* Compassion. Value liberalism encourages understanding in order to cultivate tolerance. This has the added positive side effect of heightening compassion.



* Honesty. This is promoted in cultures where individuals are less likely to be judged for their personal views or qualities.

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* Honesty. This is promoted in cultures where individuals are less likely to be judged for their personal views or qualities. Slightly counteracted by the fact that society is also less likely to judge people for their dishonesty.



* Trust. Tends to follow naturally from the tolerance exercised in liberal society. In some regards may even be necessary a prerequisite of it.

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* Trust. Tends to follow naturally from the tolerance exercised in liberal society. In some regards may even be necessary a prerequisite of it. Somewhat counteracted by the reduced trustworthiness of the average citizen, see fidelity in the list of drawbacks below.


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These virtues often end up suppressed or overlooked in societies with conservative leanings:
* Ambition. The radically lower emphasis on societal duty removes one important source of motivation for citizens. Everyone is left to find purpose and ambition for themselves.
* Chastity. Liberal society imposes very few restrictions on indulgence. While this is liberating, it also poses a danger to individuals who lack the ability to temper their habits.
* Diligence. The emphasis on personal freedom may cause fickleness in citizens stemming from a lack of training in discipline.
* Discipline. See diligence.
* Duty. This is emphasized to a much lower degree in liberal societies than in conservative ones, leading overall to a more fickle culture.
* Fidelity. The emphasis on personal freedom leads some people into an attitude that they are free to deceive others without inhibition, as long as no laws are broken. This does not promote trustworthiness, pushing society at large closer to the vigilance end of the vigilance vs. trust scale.
* Fortitude. See diligence. The responsibility to cultivate the mental and physical strength needed to successfully cope with life lies solely on the individual (and sometimes his/her family and parents).
* Frugality. Succumbing to passions and interests that are destructive is easy in liberal societies, where pretty much everything is allowed. This can lead individuals lacking in discipline or prudence to very destructive habits.
* Industriousness. See ambition.
* Loyalty. See duty.
* Humility. See modesty. The constant pressure to present oneself in a positive light in liberal society can lead to an inflated sense of self-worth.
* Modesty. Value liberal society usually gives rise to social hierarchies based on social and effectual merits. This encourages the individual to show off him- or herself in the most positive light possible, often crossing over into downright deception.
* Orderliness. Non-liberal societies have stricter organizational hierarchies. Organization needn't ''always'' lead to efficiency, however, as most communist states in modern history have demonstrated.
* Patience. Self-indulgence is overall far more prevalent in value liberal societies than in conservative ones. This can lead to a drastically reduced ability in the average individual to temper desires with patience and prudence.
* Prudence. Prudential judgement is entirely left to the individual in most cases. While liberating, it sometimes causes important historical lessons learned to be forgotten. This effect can be counteracted with public education, to a degree.
* Responsibility. The "anything goes" attitude of liberal society leads many people into an impression that they can escape any consequences for their behaviour. Sometimes they are right.
* Solidarity. The individualistic views of liberal society can lead to an over-emphasis of independence and self-sufficiency. This makes certain types of goals harder to attain. In modern capitalistic societies this is counteracted by the economical drive to cooperate for profit.
* Strength. See fortitude.
* Tenacity. See diligence.
* Trustworthiness. This can sometimes suffer from society's lowered expectations of loyalty and duty from the individual.
* Vigilance. The tolerance in liberal societies can sometimes cause genuine threats to collective interests and health to be overlooked.

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* Autonomy. More or less encouraged by value-liberalism, although all modern liberal societies also have a code of laws to which strict adherence is required by the authorities. The laws tend to be a great deal more permissive than in conservative societies, however.

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* Autonomy. More or less encouraged by value-liberalism, value liberalism, although all modern liberal societies also have a code of laws to which strict adherence is required by the authorities. The laws tend to be a great deal more permissive than in conservative societies, however.


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* Forgiveness. The rather tolerant attitude of value liberalism encourages forgiveness as well as understanding and acceptance of individual differences and preferences in general.
* Honesty. This is promoted in cultures where individuals are less likely to be judged for their personal views or qualities.
* Impartiality. See fairness.
* Independence. Value liberalism is rather individualistic in its emphasis on personal freedom. This tends to encourage independence.
* Mirth. See cheer.


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* Passion. Value liberal societies tend to appreciate aesthetic expression, and does not impose any limitations on what nature or depth of emotion is allowed.


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* Respect. A true cornerstone of value liberalism. Every individual is afforded a degree of personal space and freedom, and infringement or restriction of others' freedom is one of the few things truly seen in a judgmental light.
* Sincerity. It becomes much easier to acknowledge and accept one's own deeper motivations when society will not judge you for holding them.
* Tolerance. Another true cornerstone, if not the central doctrine, of value liberalism.
* Trust. Tends to follow naturally from the tolerance exercised in liberal society. In some regards may even be necessary a prerequisite of it.
* Understanding. A highly valued core value of liberalism. The deepest tolerance always stems from understanding.
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''work in progress''
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* Reverence. Conservatives have a tendency to assign a very high value to certain elements of their culture. Whenever threats against of questioning of these elements arise, the reaction is likely to be very strong.

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* Reverence. Conservatives have a tendency to assign a very high value to certain elements of their culture. Whenever threats against of or questioning of these elements arise, the reaction is likely to be very strong.
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* Humility. The will to not allow anything to upset or disturb the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.

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* Humility. The will to not allow anything to upset or disturb the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Conservatism can be seen as a "if it isn't broken, don't fix it" sort of attitude. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.
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* Humility. The will to not allow anything upset the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.

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* Humility. The will to not allow anything to upset or disturb the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.
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[[folder:Economic (laissez-faire) liberalism]][[folder:"Laissez-faire" libertarianism]]
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* Reciprocity. Used to counteract elements of discord that threaten traditional values.

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* Autonomy. More or less encouraged by value-liberalism, although all modern liberal societies also have a code of laws to which strict adherence is required by the authorities. The laws tend to be a great deal more permissive than in conservative societies, however.
* Beauty. Value liberalism emphasizes personal freedom of expression and tends to encourage its citizens to cultivate a personal identity.
* Cheer. The personal freedom afforded the individual in a liberal culture can be very liberating and emotionally stimulating.
* Creativity. See beauty.
* Determination. Each individual is encouraged to find his or her own personal identity, and influence society. Diversity is seen as enriching, rather than threatening or diminishing.
* Fairness. At least in regard to the personal freedoms afforded to the individual. In the eyes of the authorities, there isn't really such a thing as "deviants".
* Flexibility. Value liberalism regards collective values as no more than the sum of its parts, and is very open-minded about changes to these values.
* Open-mindedness. See flexibility.
* Rationality. This tends to emerge as a very strong influence factor in value-liberal societies. Scientific methodology has an inherent power of convincing a lot of people, and the political power springing from the strength of this movement is undeniable.
* Resourcefulness. In value-liberal societies, any solution is a good solution. Traditional views are not an issue.

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* Resourcefulness. By its very nature this virtue is a threat to conservatism. Most new innovations and ideals are likely to met with strong reactions.
* Creativity. Often inhibited in conservative societies for the same reason as resourcefulness.



* Mercy. Problem elements are often dealt with most harshly in conservative cultures.



* Creativity. Often inhibited in conservative societies for the same reason as resourcefulness.



* Open-mindedness. Conservatism believes in holding fast to aged and proven ideals and ideas. From a point of view, this attitude constitutes the very opposite of open-mindedness.
* Rationality. Can sometimes be set aside in conservative cultures due to the sceptical attitude towards open-mindedness and the strong emphasis on reverence.



* Tolerance. Attitudes towards deviant elements in conservative cultures tend to be very negative, often crossing over into downright punitive, even when the deviant elements cannot credibly be regarded as a threat to the culture.
* Trust. The inherent intolerance of conservatism sometimes leads to prejudiced attitudes, becoming a real obstacle against trust of (particularly apparently deviant) strangers.

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* Tolerance. Attitudes towards deviant Mercy. Problem elements are often dealt with most harshly in conservative cultures tend to be very negative, often crossing over into downright punitive, even when the deviant elements cannot credibly be regarded as a threat to the culture.
* Trust. The inherent intolerance of conservatism sometimes leads to prejudiced attitudes, becoming a real obstacle against trust of (particularly apparently deviant) strangers.
cultures.


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* Open-mindedness. Conservatism believes in holding fast to aged and proven ideals and ideas. From a point of view, this attitude constitutes the very opposite of open-mindedness.
* Rationality. Can sometimes be set aside in conservative cultures due to the sceptical attitude towards open-mindedness and the strong emphasis on reverence.
* Resourcefulness. By its very nature this virtue is a threat to conservatism. Most new innovations and ideals are likely to met with strong reactions.


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* Tolerance. Attitudes towards deviant elements in conservative cultures tend to be very negative, often crossing over into downright punitive, even when the deviant elements cannot credibly be regarded as a threat to the culture.
* Trust. The inherent intolerance of conservatism sometimes leads to prejudiced attitudes, becoming a real obstacle against trust of (particularly apparently deviant) strangers.

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These virtues are commonly emphasized in societies with strong conservative leanings:
* Orderliness. The goal of conservative ideologies is usually to preserve a system of values and traditions that has been known to serve a working purpose, at least in some regards.
* Vigilance. A trait needed in order for conservatives to identify and respond to threats to the order of society.
* Modesty. Usually a highly valued trait in conservative cultures.
* Reverence. Conservatives have a tendency to assign a very high value to certain elements of their culture. Whenever threats against of questioning of these elements arise, the reaction is likely to be very strong.

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These virtues are commonly emphasized in societies with strong conservative leanings:
* Orderliness. The goal of conservative ideologies is usually to preserve a system of values and traditions that has been known to serve a working purpose, at least in some regards.
* Vigilance. A trait needed in order for conservatives to identify and respond to threats to the order of society.
* Modesty. Usually a highly valued trait in conservative cultures.
* Reverence. Conservatives have a tendency to assign a very high value to certain elements of their culture. Whenever threats against of questioning of these elements arise, the reaction is likely to be very strong.
leanings:



* Solidarity. This is actually pretty strong in conservative cultures, where it usually springs from familial and patriotic bonds.

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* Solidarity. This is actually pretty Duty. Strongly emphasized. Conservative societies often have a strong in conservative cultures, where it usually springs from familial and patriotic bonds.sense of patriotism. See fidelity.



* Humility. The will to not allow anything upset the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.



* Trustworthiness. See fidelity.

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* Trustworthiness. See fidelity.Modesty. Usually a highly valued trait in conservative cultures.
* Orderliness. The goal of conservative ideologies is usually to preserve a system of values and traditions that has been known to serve a working purpose, at least in some regards.
* Patience. To the extent that any kind of political progression is desirable at all to the conservative, they believe it should be attained at a ''very'' slow pace.



* Duty. Strongly emphasized. Conservative societies often have a strong sense of patriotism. See fidelity.
* Humility. The will to not allow anything upset the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.
* Patience. To the extent that any kind of political progression is desirable at all to the conservative, they believe it should be attained at a ''very'' slow pace.




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* Reverence. Conservatives have a tendency to assign a very high value to certain elements of their culture. Whenever threats against of questioning of these elements arise, the reaction is likely to be very strong.
* Solidarity. This is actually pretty strong in conservative cultures, where it usually springs from familial and patriotic bonds.
* Trustworthiness. See fidelity.
* Vigilance. A trait needed in order for conservatives to identify and respond to threats to the order of society.



In many ways a direct ideological opposite to conservatism, value liberalism emphasizes the value of letting cultural values and ideals evolve free from all restraint. It is marked by a "to each his own" attitude of tolerance.

These virtues are commonly emphasized in societies with value-liberal leanings:



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* Respect. Traditionally used as a means to keep social tensions at bay. The measure of respect shown towards deviants and minorities in conservative societies tends to be considerably lower, though.
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* Respect. Traditionally used as a means to keep social tensions at bay. The measure of respect shown towards deviants and minorities in conservative societies tend to be considerably lower, though.

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* Respect. Traditionally used as a means to keep social tensions at bay. The measure of respect shown towards deviants and minorities in conservative societies tend tends to be considerably lower, though.
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* Respect. Traditionally used as a means to keep social tensions at bay.

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* Respect. Traditionally used as a means to keep social tensions at bay. The measure of respect shown towards deviants and minorities in conservative societies tend to be considerably lower, though.
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[[folder:A Virtue-centric Analysis of Contemporary Political Ideology]]



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[[folder:A Virtue-centric Analysis of Contemporary Political Ideology]]


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Rather than being constituted by a collection of ideas in and of itself, conservatism is characterized by a strong motivation to protect traditional views and values, whatever they may be. In this regard it can be regarded as ideologically opposed to value liberalism.
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* Autonomy. Practically non-existant in most conservative societies. Obedience to authority is usually strongly emphasized.

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* Autonomy. Practically non-existant in most conservative societies. Obedience to authority is usually strongly emphasized.emphasized, since the traditional role of executive authority is to uphold and protect cultural values.
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* Flexibility. Duh.

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* Flexibility. Duh.Pretty much the antithesis of conservatism.
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* Trustworthiness. See fidelity.


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* Forgiveness. Not often emphasized in conservative cultures, in part due to the view that the response against discordant elements should be swift and powerful, and partially because prejudice tends to be strong, see understanding.
* Impartiality. A real achilles heel of conservatism. The strong emphasis of familial and patriotic bonds places a lot of natural strain on this virtue.
* Tolerance. Attitudes towards deviant elements in conservative cultures tend to be very negative, often crossing over into downright punitive, even when the deviant elements cannot credibly be regarded as a threat to the culture.
* Trust. The inherent intolerance of conservatism sometimes leads to prejudiced attitudes, becoming a real obstacle against trust of (particularly apparently deviant) strangers.
* Mirth. See cheer.
* Sincerity. Conservative attitudes frequently cement delusional views in society.
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* Solidarity. This is actually pretty strong in conservative cultures, where it usually springs from familial and patriotic bonds.


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These virtues often end up suppressed or overlooked in societies with conservative leanings:
* Resourcefulness. By its very nature this virtue is a threat to conservatism. Most new innovations and ideals are likely to met with strong reactions.
* Creativity. Often inhibited in conservative societies for the same reason as resourcefulness.
* Autonomy. Practically non-existant in most conservative societies. Obedience to authority is usually strongly emphasized.
* Mercy. Problem elements are often dealt with most harshly in conservative cultures.
* Cheer. With very few exceptions, living in a conservative society is not a very enlivening experience. Cheer and mirth are often simulated and/or relegated to certain pre-scheduled holidays that carry cultural significance.
* Flexibility. Duh.
* Open-mindedness. Conservatism believes in holding fast to aged and proven ideals and ideas. From a point of view, this attitude constitutes the very opposite of open-mindedness.
* Rationality. Can sometimes be set aside in conservative cultures due to the sceptical attitude towards open-mindedness and the strong emphasis on reverence.

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These virtues are commonly particularly emphasized in societies with strong conservative leanings:

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These virtues are commonly particularly emphasized in societies with strong conservative leanings:



* Fidelity.

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* Fidelity. Conservatives have a tendency to place high value on all moral ideals that increase reliability.
* Loyalty. See fidelity.
* Respect. Traditionally used as a means to keep social tensions at bay.
* Reciprocity. Used to counteract elements of discord that threaten traditional values.
* Duty. Strongly emphasized. Conservative societies often have a strong sense of patriotism. See fidelity.
* Humility. The will to not allow anything upset the order of affairs in society can be viewed as rather humble. Sometimes this is over-emphasized in order to suppress reformationist (or revolutionary) tendencies among the populace.
* Patience. To the extent that any kind of political progression is desirable at all to the conservative, they believe it should be attained at a ''very'' slow pace.
* Responsibility. See fidelity.
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These virtues are commonly particularly emphasized in societies with strong conservative leanings:
* Orderliness. The goal of conservative ideologies is usually to preserve a system of values and traditions that has been known to serve a working purpose, at least in some regards.
* Vigilance. A trait needed in order for conservatives to identify and respond to threats to the order of society.
* Modesty. Usually a highly valued trait in conservative cultures.
* Reverence. Conservatives have a tendency to assign a very high value to certain elements of their culture. Whenever threats against of questioning of these elements arise, the reaction is likely to be very strong.
* Chastity. Moderation in all things is a commonly held ideal of conservatives.
* Fidelity.
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Beginning a bit of brainstorming on which virtues are emphasized in different political ideologies

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[[folder:Conservatism]]
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[[folder:Value liberalism]]
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[[folder:Communism]]
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[[folder:Fascism]]
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