History Literature / VALIS

* UnreliableNarrator: It's not really that Fat is unreliable, but his reality is. Arguably.

* BrainyBaby: [[spoiler: Sophia, which doubles with MessianicArchetype.]]

* BulliedIntoDepression: Maybe it's not all her fault, but let's face it, Bath is downright abusive to Fat and everyone (but him) can see the fact. She's angry at him for not getting his ''suicide attempt'' right, for crying out loud.

* AsHimself: Creator/RobertAntonWilson, who was a friend of Dick's at the time it was written.

* BrokenMasquerade

* DeusEstMachina: Possibly? When the characters meet the ostensible incarnation of the deity, they wonder afterwards if she was a machine.

* KillSat: Well, sorta.
* MindControlConspiracy

** For example, Fat drops a man named Phil off at the airport. Phil is a friend of his and he is going overseas for a year or so to get his head around the events that happened in-book. He sends Fat postcards of where he's been, and told him about a woman he's been seeing. Phil eventually comes home and Fat and his friends go to the airport and welcome him back from his journey, of which he has many photos. During this entire time, Fat was staying at home and spent most of his time watching TV all day, and meeting periodically with his friends. Okay, have you got all that? Good. All right. [[spoiler: Phil is Fat's split personality.]] Have a nice day now.

* TakingYouWithMe: This is a strange variation on this trope, but Sherri enacts a psychological version of this as she spirals towards her death, pulling everyone who knows her with her (particularly Fat--[[UnreliableNarrator according to]] [[PointOfView him, anyway]]).

* ColdSniper: This guy doesn't make a great therapist.

Creator/PhilipKDick's second-to-last completed novel, ''VALIS'' is about his own experiences with ''something'' in 1974. Drugs? Schizophrenia? Alien intervention? And what does the name Horselover Fat mean? [[MindScrew It's difficult to say]], but it's certainly some kind of novel.

* AdaptationalNameChange: The film changes Fremont's first name and middle initial to Richard J.

* HorseshoeEffect: In the film, when Nicholas tells Phil that Fremont is a secret Communist, the latter objects that he's a fascist, while Nick says there's no real difference in practice. Fremont in any case is ''pretending'' to be a right-wing anti-communist, so it's not surprising he'd be called a fascist. Both also used very similar tactics.

* [[RuleOfThree Mind Screw]]

* WildMassGuessing: the hypotheses that Fat, his alternate personality, and their group of friends start churning out to try to explain the possible grinding humdrum of psychosis, insanity, the tedious events of everyday life, and the coming of a new messiah to earth to release man from the sins of a destructive Creator god who imprisoned all human form within a fortress that may or may not exist overlaid in multiple dimensions on top of our own reality. Generally. Depending on what part of his exegesis Fat is detailing, you may get an addition of ancient greek languages, the dichotomy of early christian symbols, the possibility of 3-eyed aliens from outside of "time" (or the future) whom humans either originally came from, have the potential to become, or are who the aliens wish to help (by coming to free humanity from the Iron Fortress), and philosophical debates on the nature of life and death. You may need a neck brace to deal with the Ideological Whiplash.

%% * ZeroContextExample

[[quoteright:250:http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/98514511b793793a648c2f3a1c37d68a.jpg]]

Horselover Fat is not having a great time. A friend of his checked into therapy only to throw herself off a building. This, combined with his wife's nervous breakdown and the Soviet three-eyed space aliens beaming messages into his head with a pink laser beam, is enough to drive him to complete insanity.

Thus, the book begins. Throughout, Horselover Fat is confronted by the Soviet Union, Satan (in the form of [[UsefulNotes/RichardNixon Ferris F Fremont]]), Jesus, alien space lasers, and his own possible madness.

Creator/PhilipKDick's second-to-last completed novel, ''VALIS'' is about his own experiences with ''something'' in 1974. Drugs? Schizophrenia? Alien intervention? And what does the name Horselover Fat mean? [[MindScrew It's difficult to say]], but it's certainly some kind of novel.

An early draft of the novel, ''Radio Free Albemuth'' was published in 1985 and later adapted into the 2010 film of the same name.

[[SimilarlyNamedWorks No relation to]] [[VideoGame/{{Valis}} the video game]].

!!This book contains examples of:
* AsHimself: Creator/RobertAntonWilson, who was a friend of Dick's at the time it was written.
* AuthorAvatar: Admitted within three pages. [[spoiler:Then ''Philip K Dick'' shows up as a character.]]
* BilingualBonus: Yes and no. It doesn't take too long for someone with a background in languages to figure out that "Horselover" is "Philip" (from Greek ''Phillipos''=''phil-'', love(r) and ''hippos'', horse(s)) and that "Fat" is "Dick" (German), but anyone who's read the book will tell you [[MindScrew it's not nearly that simple]].
* BrainyBaby: [[spoiler: Sophia, which doubles with MessianicArchetype.]]
* BrokenMasquerade
* ChronicHeroSyndrome: A big problem for Fat.
-->Helping people was one of the two basic things Fat had been told to give up; helping people and taking dope. He had stopped taking dope, but all his energy and enthusiasm were now totally channeled into saving people. Better he had kept on with the dope.
* ColdSniper: This guy doesn't make a great therapist.
* DeusEstMachina: Possibly? When the characters meet the ostensible incarnation of the deity, they wonder afterwards if she was a machine.
* ExpositionBeam: The laser beam that fired information into Fat's brain.
* FictionalColor: After seeing the laser beam, Fat researched and found that it was a shade of pink that could not exist.
* FridgeBrilliance: In-universe. The "symbolism" in the film ''Valis'' only makes "sense" after multiple watchings.
* {{UsefulNotes/Gnosticism}}: It's practically a novelization.
* KillSat: Well, sorta.
* MindControlConspiracy
* MaybeMagicMaybeMundane: It's never outright stated if the events of the novel are real or Horselover's hallucinations.
* MindScrew
* MindScrew
* [[RuleOfThree Mind Screw]]
** For example, Fat drops a man named Phil off at the airport. Phil is a friend of his and he is going overseas for a year or so to get his head around the events that happened in-book. He sends Fat postcards of where he's been, and told him about a woman he's been seeing. Phil eventually comes home and Fat and his friends go to the airport and welcome him back from his journey, of which he has many photos. During this entire time, Fat was staying at home and spent most of his time watching TV all day, and meeting periodically with his friends. Okay, have you got all that? Good. All right. [[spoiler: Phil is Fat's split personality.]] Have a nice day now.
** [[spoiler: Makes a great deal more sense if you consider that Fat probably isn't supposed to be another personality, but a hallucination. Another personality would take over Philip's body periodically, and leave Philip with holes in his memory. It's pretty clear in the novel that Philip believes in Fat's existence, but everyone else thinks he's a hallucination. If Fat were another personality, Philip would be in the dark. It's possible his friends went to the airport because they were tired of arguing with him. He's schizophrenic, not dissociative.]] But... still a MindScrew.
*** [[spoiler: Debatable. The novel is written in the 3rd person, where both Fat and Philip are treated as separate entities, however the novel is ''written by'' Horselover Fat[[note]]See Chapter 1[[/note]]. Hence Philip's consciousness is tied into the persona of Fat, he adopts the personality in an attempt to diverge and distance himself from the identity of Philip. This is the only way he can cope with the weight of existence within reality - the Black Iron Prison. That's why when Sophia finally is introduced, he sees a solution and his cognitive processes coalesce back into the central identity of Philip, but when she dies, he reverts. If Fat was a hallucination there would be no point-of-view to work from and he would act as an external intrusion, but instead the point of view is introspective where ''Philip'' is extruded from the central subjective view of reality. Schizophrenic yes, but you can't really argue for him being ''not'' dissociative when the entire point of Fat's existence is as a refuge so Philip can dissociate himself from reality. It doesn't need to manifest as classical disocciative identity disorder with a psychotic fugue or black-outs - you could easily stamp him with the label "atypical" and the DSM-IV wouldn't argue with you.]][[note]]Fat debates this himself at the end of chapter 7, for anyone who's interested.[[/note]] However, considering the amount of YMMV, MindScrew and [[EveryoneIsJesusInPurgatory symbolic interpretations]] ([[ParanoiaFuel paranoia to follow]]), there are undoubtedly other ways to view this scenario.
* NumberOfTheBeast: Ferris F. Fremont's initials are FFF, and F is the sixth letter of the alphabet.
* PublicSecretMessage: A subliminal message is sent to the public in the form of song lyrics so that the government won't intercept it but those who know the truth will be able to spread the message.
* SanitySlippage: One possible interpretation of the plot.
** [[TheFourthWallWillNotProtectYou The reader.]] [[TheseAreThingsManWasNotMeantToKnow By the end of the book.]]
* ShownTheirWork: PKD did just as much mad research as there is in the novel, and more. After the events of 1974, he started keeping journals of his research into mysticism and philosophy, which laid the groundwork for this novel. They totaled '''''8,000 pages''''' by the time of his death. A handful of them were later published as ''The Exegesis of Philip K Dick''.
* ShowWithinAShow: A major plot point. Fat and his friends see a movie (named ''Valis'') and realize that the events of the film closely parallel Fat's own visions. They realize that whoever or whatever contacted Fat must have also made contact with the filmmakers. (For extra {{postmodernism}} points, the events of the film ''Valis'' are taken directly from PKD's [[WhatCouldHaveBeen wildly different, early draft]] of this very novel. Said draft was later published as ''Radio Free Albemuth''.)
* TakingYouWithMe: This is a strange variation on this trope, but Sherri enacts a psychological version of this as she spirals towards her death, pulling everyone who knows her with her (particularly Fat--[[UnreliableNarrator according to]] [[PointOfView him, anyway]]).
* ThirdEye: Your interpretation may vary but, generally, the third eye is either something all humans possess which, if opened, would allow them to free themselves of the Iron Fortress and the vestiges of time; or it can be used to brainwash and condemn humans to an earthbound existence of depression. There is the co-joined idea that those with a third eye are aliens, and have possibly reached out through a satellite to interact with the human mind. Possibly Fat's. The "possible"s are [[SelfDemonstratingArticle probably necessary]].
* ThroughTheEyesOfMadness: It's really difficult to tell whether Fat is insane or his reality is literally manifesting itself in strange and unusual ways due to the result of either a caretaker deity, a NeglectfulPrecursor to the human race, aliens, or an EldritchAbomination... and probably about another twenty different possible causative factors if his reality ''is'' [[RealityWarper being warped]]. However, if he is insane (even [[DrivenToMadness if his insanity is due to something]] [[MaybeMagicMaybeMundane supra-natural]]), then this trope may be in effect. It becomes very difficult by the end to find distinct boundaries between Fat's neurosis/(possible)psychosis and reality, and even then the question raised is "''is'' there any definition?" However, since he has a split personality that manifests itself and which he talks to repeatedly on a daily basis, the answer may simply be "Yes. He's a paranoid schizophrenic. Next patient please?"
* UnreliableNarrator: It's not really that Fat is unreliable, but his reality is. Arguably.
* WildMassGuessing: the hypotheses that Fat, his alternate personality, and their group of friends start churning out to try to explain the possible grinding humdrum of psychosis, insanity, the tedious events of everyday life, and the coming of a new messiah to earth to release man from the sins of a destructive Creator god who imprisoned all human form within a fortress that may or may not exist overlaid in multiple dimensions on top of our own reality. Generally. Depending on what part of his exegesis Fat is detailing, you may get an addition of ancient greek languages, the dichotomy of early christian symbols, the possibility of 3-eyed aliens from outside of "time" (or the future) whom humans either originally came from, have the potential to become, or are who the aliens wish to help (by coming to free humanity from the Iron Fortress), and philosophical debates on the nature of life and death. You may need a neck brace to deal with the Ideological Whiplash.

* WildMassGuessing: the hypotheses that Fat, his alternate personality, and their group of friends start churning out to try to explain the possible grinding humdrum of psychosis, insanity, the tedious events of everyday life, and the coming of a new messiah to earth to release man from the sins of a destructive Creator god who imprisoned all human form within a fortress that may or may not exist overlaid in multiple dimensions on top of our own reality. Generally. Depending on what part of his exegesis Fat is detailing, you may get an addition of ancient greek languages, the dichotomy of early christian symbols, the possibility of 3-eyed aliens from outside of "time" (or the future) whom humans either originally came from, have the potential to become, or are who the aliens wish to help (by coming to free humanity from the Iron Fortress), and philosophical debates on the nature of life and death. You may need a neck brace to deal with the Ideological Whiplash.

Thus, the book begins. Throughout, Horselover Fat is confronted by the Soviet Union, Satan (in the form of [[RichardNixon Ferris F Fremont]]), Jesus, alien space lasers, and his own possible madness.

* TakingYouWithMe: This is a strange variation on this trope, but Sherrie enacts a psychological version of this as she spirals towards her death, pulling everyone who knows her with her (particularly Fat--[[UnreliableNarrator according to]] [[PointOfView him, anyway]]).

*** [[spoiler: Debatable. The novel is written in the 3rd person, where both Fat and Philip are treated as separate entities, however the novel is ''written by'' Horselover Fat[[note]]See Chapter 1[[/note]]. Hence Philip's consciousness is tied into the persona of Fat, he adopts the personality in an attempt to diverge and distance himself from the identity of Philip. This is the only way he can cope with the weight of existence within reality - the Black Iron Prison. That's why when Sophia finally is introduced, he sees a solution and his cognitive processes coalesce back into the central identity of Philip, but when she dies, he reverts. If Fat was a hallucination there would be no point-of-view to work from and he would act as an external intrusion, but instead the point of view is introspective where ''Philip'' is extruded from the central subjective view of reality. Schizophrenic yes, but you can't really argue for him being ''not'' dissociative when the entire point of Fat's existence is as a refuge so Philip can dissociate himself from reality. It doesn't need to manifest as classical disocciative identity disorder with a psychotic fugue or black-outs - you could easily stamp him with the label "atypical" and the DSM-IV wouldn't argue with you.]][[note]]Fat debates this himself at the end of chapter 7, for anyone who's interested.[[/note]] However, considering the amount of YMMV, MindScrew and [[EveryoneIsJesusInPurgatory symbolic interpretations]] ([[ParanoiaFuel paranoia to follow]]), there are undoubtedly other ways to view this scenario.

* AsHimself: RobertAntonWilson, who was a friend of Dick's at the time it was written.

Creator/PhilipKDick's second to last completed novel, ''VALIS'', is about his own experiences with ''something'' in 1974. Drugs? Schizophrenia? Alien intervention? And what does the name Horselover Fat mean? [[MindScrew It's difficult to say]], but it's certainly some kind of novel.

* ShownTheirWork: PKD did just as much mad research as there is in the novel.

*** [[spoiler: Debatable. The novel is written in the 3rd person, where both Fat and Philip are treated as separate entities, however the novel is ''written by'' Horselover Fat[[hottip:*:See Chapter 1]]. Hence Philip's consciousness is tied into the persona of Fat, he adopts the personality in an attempt to diverge and distance himself from the identity of Philip. This is the only way he can cope with the weight of existence within reality - the Black Iron Prison. That's why when Sophia finally is introduced, he sees a solution and his cognitive processes coalesce back into the central identity of Philip, but when she dies, he reverts. If Fat was a hallucination there would be no point-of-view to work from and he would act as an external intrusion, but instead the point of view is introspective where ''Philip'' is extruded from the central subjective view of reality. Schizophrenic yes, but you can't really argue for him being ''not'' dissociative when the entire point of Fat's existence is as a refuge so Philip can dissociate himself from reality. It doesn't need to manifest as classical disocciative identity disorder with a psychotic fugue or black-outs - you could easily stamp him with the label "atypical" and the DSM-IV wouldn't argue with you.]][[hottip:*:Fat debates this himself at the end of chapter 7, for anyone who's interested.]] However, considering the amount of YMMV, MindScrew and [[EveryoneIsJesusInPurgatory symbolic interpretations]] ([[ParanoiaFuel paranoia to follow]]), there are undoubtedly other ways to view this scenario.

* BrainyBaby: WARNING SPOILER: [[spoiler: Sophia, which doubles with MessianicArchetype.]]

Thus, the book begins. Throughout, Horselover Fat is confronted by the Soviet Union, Satan (in the form of [[RichardNixon Ferris F Fremount]]), Jesus, alien space lasers, and his own possible madness.

PhilipKDick's second to last completed novel, ''VALIS'', is about his own experiences with ''something'' in 1974. Drugs? Schizophrenia? Alien intervention? And what does the name Horselover Fat mean? [[MindScrew It's difficult to say]], but it's certainly some kind of novel.

*** [[spoiler: Debatable. The novel is written in the 3rd person, where both Fat and Philip are treated as separate entities, however the novel is ''written by'' Horselover Fat[[hottip:*:See Chapter 1]]. Hence Philip's consciousness is tied into the persona of Fat, he adopts the personality in an attempt to diverge and distance himself from the identity of Philip. This is the only way he can cope with the weight of existence within reality - the Black Iron Prison. That's why when Sophia finally is introduced, he sees a solution and his cognitive processes coalesce back into the central identity of Philip, but when she dies, he reverts. If Fat was a hallucination there would be no point-of-view to work from and he would act as an external intrusion, but instead the point of view is introspective where ''Philip'' is extruded from the central subjective view of reality. Schizophrenic yes, but you can't really argue for him being ''not''dissociative when the entire point of Fat's existence is as a refuge so Philip can dissociate himself from reality. It doesn't need to manifest as classical disocciative identity disorder with a psychotic fugue or black-outs - you could easily stamp him with the label "atypical" and the DSM-IV wouldn't argue with you.]][[hottip:*:Fat debates this himself at the end of chapter 7, for anyone who's interested.]] However, considering the amount of YMMV, MindScrew and [[EveryoneIsJesusInPurgatory symbolic interpretations]] ([[ParanoiaFuel paranoia to follow]]), there are undoubtedly other ways to view this scenario.

* BrainyBaby: WARNING SPOILER: [[spoiler: Sophia, which doubles with MessianicArchetype.]] However, even in a book with as many interpretations as this one, cautionary YMMV must be placed on the base of this trope's inclusion in this page.

* ExpositionBeam: The pink laser beam that fired information into Fat's brain.
* FridgeBrilliance: In-universe. The "symbolism" in a film only makes "sense" after multiple watchings.

* ShowWithinAShow: A major plot point. Fat and his friends see a movie (named ''Valis'') and realize that the events of the film closely parallel Fat's own visions. They realize that whoever or whatever contacted Fat must have also made contact with the filmmakers.