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It sounds like Friend or Foe?, where a person accidentally attacks their ally because they mistook them for an enemy.
If, say, A attacks B, B dodges, A hits his friend C instead, what is the trope? A certainly isn't mistaking C as B.
We don't need justice when we can forgive. We don't need tolerance when we can love.
Murder by Mistake or Deadly Dodging if they live
I tried to ask about this and possibly create a trope. I called it just "aim for an opponent, hit an ally". People provided lots of examples but ultimately it was never launched. I think the reason was it was considered too much like "Friendly Fire". What I meant was what you said: the kind of thing that happens in The Great Dictator where Hannah is clobbering the stormtroopers with her frying pan, but accidentally hits the barber.
I have found that it is the small everyday deed of ordinary folks that keep the darkness at bay. Small acts of kindness and love. - Tolkien
Should probably go under Stray Shots Strike Nothing, which in fact only lists aversions of that trope, as missed bullets just vanishing is so common.
Avatar from here.
I'm looking at Friendly Fire Index and, for some reason, I'm not seeing a trope for regular friendly fires. (talking about accidental teammate/bystander/hostage shooting, or punching, or the like)
What is the trope then?