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Narrative
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Some shows focus on real crimes rather than fictional ones. This isn't the same as Ripped From The Headlines, where the show creates a fictional counterpart to a real crime, complete with new fictional people to be part of it. True Crime shows aim to dramatize am event (more-or-less) exactly, with names only changed if the victims or their families request it.
There are at least two distinct types of these shows:
Calls For Aid
The show is organized to see if the public can provide any clues or information the police don't already have to find a criminal who perpetrated an unsolved crime. For example Aktenzeichen XY … ungelöst, Crimewatch UK, and Americas Most Wanted.
Retrospective
Solved crimes or cold cases from many years ago are profiled. This overlaps with a documentary. For example The First 48, Forensic Detectives.
Both types make use of Crime Reconstruction.
Examples:
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