History Film / TheTenCommandments

A biblical epic movie about the story of Moses and the Exodus, created by the legendary Creator/CecilBDeMille, with a story so extraordinarily nice, he made it twice. It includes:

* [[Film/TheTenCommandments1923 The 1923 original]], which uses the Exodus story as a prologue to complement the then-modern story about two brothers going on two different moral paths, with the Ten Commandments as their moral compass.
* [[Film/TheTenCommandments1956 The 1956 remake]], which omits the morality tale, and expands the Exodus story through epic proportions.

If a direct link led you to this page, please correct it so that it points to the proper wick above.

[[quoteright:330:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/tencommandments.jpg]]
[[caption-width-right:330:''"Thus sayeth the Lord God of Israel: '''Let my people go!'''"'']]

->''"So let it be written. So let it be done."''
-->-- '''Rameses '''

The last of the great Creator/CecilBDeMille {{epic|movie}}s, and a [[TheRemake remake]] of [[Film/TheTenCommandments1923 his own 1923 silent film of the same name]], this 1956 film from Creator/{{Paramount}} tells the [[Literature/TheBible biblical]] story of [[Literature/BookOfExodus Moses and the Exodus]].

Moses (Creator/CharltonHeston) and Rameses (Creator/YulBrynner) are in a LoveTriangle with Nefretiri (Creator/AnneBaxter), whom Moses might have won, had the matter of injustice to Hebrew slaves not come up. Other important characters are, naturally, Pharaoh Sethi (Sir Creator/CedricHardwicke), father of Rameses and adoptive father of Moses; Aaron (Creator/JohnCarradine), Moses' older brother; Baka (Creator/VincentPrice), a brutal slave master; Sephora (Creator/YvonneDeCarlo), daughter of Jethro and Moses's eventual wife; Joshua (John Derek); and Liliah (Debra Paget), the woman Joshua loves--who happens to be the sex slave of the overseer Dathan (Creator/EdwardGRobinson, [[Film/LittleCaesar see?]]).

You know the basic tale -- or if you don't, you need either to see this or read [[Literature/BookOfExodus the source material]]. Moses hears the voice of God while out in the wilderness. It ages him about forty years -- hey, the film may be long, but to keep the cast of characters constant, the time in which it takes place is compressed. Moses goes to Rameses to tell him that God wants him to let His people go, or else. Rameses says no. "Or else" happens.

''The Ten Commandments'' won one UsefulNotes/AcademyAward for its special effects, and was nominated for six others, including Best Picture. The majestic score was written by Music/ElmerBernstein as his first major film project.

The silent film, which served as the basis for this remake, became PublicDomain in the United States effective 2019 (it was already PD in most other countries by then).

The dedicated and curious might want to compare this with ''WesternAnimation/ThePrinceOfEgypt'' and ''Film/ExodusGodsAndKings''. The source material is the same (though this film might've been distilled through an extra novel), but the directions taken with it are very different.

----
!!Tropes:

* TheAce: Moses is a peerless warrior, a wise diplomat and a brilliant architect. As a shepherd he prospers and becomes known for his honest dealings. Then there's his divine destiny.
* ActorAllusion: Prior to playing the Pharaoh, Creator/YulBrynner [[Theatre/TheKingAndI was running Siam and wooing the English tutor]] in both the Broadway musical and later the film. It's good to be the king, indeed. Ironically, in that role, Anna tells the story of Moses, and he responds, "This Moses is a fool." Incidentally, three years later, Brynner would go on to play [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_and_Sheba King Solomon.]]
* AdaptationalVillainy: Dathan played a more minor role in the Exodus account, leading a revolt against Moses and getting swallowed up by the ground. Here, he becomes TheQuisling, is responsible for the Golden Calf incident, and was responsible for driving Moses out of Egypt to begin with. It's not purely an invention of the film either, as it was inspired by Jewish oral tradition about Dathan dating back hundreds if not thousands of years.
* AdaptationExpansion:
** The first half of the movie. As the director himself states in his introductory remarks at the start of the film, the Bible skips some 30 years of Moses' life. In Exodus the narrative skips from when Pharoah's daughter retrieves Moses from the water to when Moses kills an Egyptian who is beating one of the Hebrew slaves. [[Creator/CecilBDeMille DeMille]] says that the screenwriters had to rely on other writings through history to flesh out this part of the story. Some of the details are in fact based on authentic extra-Biblical Jewish or Christian legends.
** The fleshed-out relationship, including a LoveTriangle, between Moses and the unnamed Pharaoh in the Bible.
** In the original 1923 film, the story of the Exodus occurs in a fifty-minute prologue that covers Moses' return to Egypt through the Golden Calf incident. The majority of the 1923 version is taken up with a modern-day morality play that seeks to illustrate how the Ten Commandments are still relevant.
* AdaptedOut:
** The Nubian princess seen early in the film, according to the DVD commentary, is supposed to be Moses' wife, as he apparently married her during his travels, though this is not mentioned on screen. Not only is she never referred to nor seen again, no reference is made when Moses marries again later in the film. However, it is likely that Seti took her away from Moses and forced her into marriage with someone else when Moses got exiled.
** On the historical side of things, Ramesses' lion Slayer of His Foes, who fought alongside him at Kadesh, is nowhere to be seen.
** While the early years of Moses' life are expanded upon, his final years between the shattering of the Commandments and the entry into the Promised Land, which do get mentioned in the Bible, are cut out.
* AdultFear:
** The death of one's child. Despite the bastard he's been throughout the film, it's hard not to feel Rameses' fear when he realizes his son might die, nor his and Nefretiri's grief when he does.
** Likewise Sephora, who is afraid for her son Gershom after she and Moses bring to Egypt, so when tipped off by Nefretiri that Rameses is planning to slaughter the firstborn, she quickly takes her son in the next caravan back to Midian, thus avoiding the Plague of the Firstborn though she was quite unaware of it.
* AffablyEvil: Pharaoh Rameses I, who appears in his brief scene at the beginning to be reasonable a ruler as his son will be, but turns out to be as ruthless as his grandson will be when he feels his legacy and people are threatened.
* AgeLift: As a horrified Rameses watches his son Prince Amun succumbing to the final plague he comments that the boy is his only son. Historically however, Rameses' thirteenth son and successor Merneptah was nineteen when death claimed Rameses' first Amun-her-khepsef, and this boy hardly looked twelve or thirteen.[[note]]Eugene Mazzola, who played the little prince, was ten.[[/note]]
* AintTooProudToBeg: A young guard (Pentaur's son) pleads Rameses II to let Moses' people go as he lies dying.
* AllInTheManual: Although he was never was identified in the film, the name of Rameses' firstborn son was Amun-her-khepesef.
* AluminumChristmasTrees: "Baka" was an actual ancient Egyptian name, with there having even been a prince, possibly a pharaoh, with the appellation.
* AnachronismStew:
** One deliberate case, which falls under RuleOfFunny. In the DVD commentary, they mention that the soldier would have said the Underworld or Hades[[note]]which is yet another anachronism; Hades is a Greek term[[/note]], but it wouldn't have worked so well.
--->'''Dathan''': Where are we going?\\
'''Egyptian Soldier''': To Hell, I hope.
*** Dathan actually does go to Hell.
** The representative from Troy being dressed as a Roman centurion is also wildly inaccurate, although it is a ShoutOut to ''Literature/TheAeneid'', in which the Trojans founded Rome.
** Also according to Egyptian legend, on his way back to Troy after abducting Helen Paris arrived in Egypt during the reign of Seti II, the grandson of Ramses II. They had chosen the wrong pharaoh for a Priam reference.
*** [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt 21st Dynasty]] mummies have been found with silk ribbons in their hair. This scene is only 200 years off. Could silk have been sent to Egypt in Ramses' (19th Dynasty) time? Not likely, or archaeologists would see more of it from earlier than the 21st. The Egyptians would have been crazy about it.
*** Byssus, the "golden web spun from the beards of shellfish", is also an anachronism. True byssus or [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_silk sea silk]] really does come from clams ''and'' becomes FridgeBrilliance with this bit of sacred folklore: it is said that Moses covered his first altar to God with this lovely fabric. [=DeMille=] would have known this, so included it by clothing Liliah in it. But the Egyptians did not have clam byssus at the time of Moses. They had a cloth with the same name -- it's even mentioned on the Rosetta Stone -- but it was really super-fine linen.
** Likewise, the Egyptian soldier's sword at the very beginning of the culling of the Hebrew boys looks more like a Roman sword than anything else. The real-life Egyptians favored the khopesh, a sword whose blade looks kind of like a lower-case b, adapted from the Assyrian sapper.
** That weapon, also seen at the end of the "Hounds and Jackals" scene as an aide comes in and salutes Seti, is the iron Hittite sword from ''Film/TheEgyptian'', one of many props from that film that were reused here. It's not very accurate for them, either. Hittite swords looked more like sickles.
** Moses is stated to be thirty the year of his exile, which also happens to be the year of Seti's death and the Pharaoh of the Oppression is portrayed as Rameses I. Due to Rameses I's reign only being two years long it would have been his predecessor Horemheb as the Pharaoh of the Oppression. It only gets worse because Ramses II was eleven when his grandfather Ramses I became Pharaoh and was twenty-four when he himself ascended the throne.
** The term "Pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until 1200 BC, thirteen years after the death of Rameses II.
** Pharaoh Rameses I is proclaimed by Jannes as "Pharaoh Rameses I." The numbering is a modern invention; it was never done by the Egyptian chroniclers of old. Even if it had been, he would not have been called "Rameses I" in his lifetime, but only after a successor with the same name (Rameses II) took the throne.
** The Battle of Kadesh is referred to as having been fought by Seti. It was actually been by Ramses II.
** A major event of the first act is Seti's jubilee. At the time, jubilees were significant dates in cycles of years observed by the Israelites. In ''modern'' times the word is also used to mean a celebration of a certain number of years that a monarch has ruled, but the historical Seti only ruled for eleven years and wouldn't have qualified for any of the types in existence today. In the film, he has supposedly been pharaoh thirty years or close to, which still doesn't line up; a silver jubilee is twenty-five years and a ruby jubilee is forty years, Moses' biblical age when he fled Egypt.
** Nefertiri is portrayed as outliving her firstborn son. Historically, Nefertiri died the year before Amun-her-khepeshef.
* AncientEgypt: That is the setting of most of the film.
* ArcWords: "So let it be written, so let it be done."
* ArtifactTitle: Though the film ends with Moses coming down from Sinai with the Ten Commandments, the focus of the film is the Exodus and the events leading up to it. The [[Film/{{The Ten Commandments 1923}} 1923 version]] used the Exodus story only as a short prologue to a morality play set in (then-) modern times about the necessity of keeping the Ten Commandments today, but this was not adapted to the remake.
* ArtImitatesArt: Director Cecil B. [=DeMille=] reportedly instructed set designers to study the Egypt-themed paintings of Creator/LawrenceAlmaTadema in order to achieve his artistic vision.
** The lively [[https://sites.google.com/site/danceinegypt/_/rsrc/1468738891668/images/ancient-times-till-400-ad/p0410.JPG acrobatic dance]] in Sethi's Jubilee scene was real, and very much a "golden oldie" by that time. It is taken from a wall painting in the beautiful tomb of Mehu, a high-ranking Sixth Dynasty official -- that's 900 years before Sethi and Ramesses' 19th Dynasty.
* AscendedExtra:
** Joshua, who's promoted to Lancer in the film. In the scriptures, while Joshua did eventually TakeUpMySword, he didn't come into focus until they were in the desert, and was implied to be younger than Moses.
** Dathan, who appears in only one scene in the Bible, becomes a major villainous character in the film, and to a lesser extent his brother Abiram and Moses' treacherous cousin and Dathan's conspirator Korah.
** Baka the Master [[strike:Butcher]] Builder is based on a nameless mook in the Bible. Here, he's [[MookPromotion promoted]] to Creator/VincentPrice.
** Jannes, the High Priest of Egypt and Court Mage, who in the Book of Exodus is an unnamed court magician among others who oppose Moses when he confronts Pharoah. He is referred to Jannes in outside sources, including one of the Pauline letters (2nd Timothy, 3:5).
* AssholeVictim:
** Baka the Master [[strike:Butcher]] Builder is definitely this due to his cruelty to the slaves.
** [[spoiler:Dathan, who like Rameses spends much of the film doubting Moses' faith in God, learns the hard way what happens when you decide to worship a false idol. Same goes for those who went with Dathan's scheme]].
* AwfulWeddedLife: Rameses and Nefretiri. (it was an Arranged Marriage after all) The only thing keeping them going is their son. After their only son is taken by the plague on the firstborn sons, she mocks Rameses and the gods of Egypt, and Rameses boasts to add her blood to that of Moses and the Israelites, only to return in shameful defeat, and reluctantly acknowledge that the god of the Israelites is the true God.
* TheAtoner: Bithia, after she joins her adopted son Moses and his people in the Exodus. We see her offering an ailing Hebrew slave her seat on her litter, then agreeing to take a sapling fig tree from him to plant in the Holy Land as he tells her he knows he's dying and will be unable to travel there, and he can at least be assured he can leave a legacy there. We also see her offering to stop her nephew's charging army (which would be futile), and guiding Hebrew children through the Red Sea.
* BadassBaritone:
** Both Moses and Rameses, and God. Joshua can lower his voice to very heroic levels when necessary.
** Likewise Creator/VincentPrice as Baka.
** Also Aaron, although it's more of a bass courtesy of Creator/JohnCarradine.
* BadassBoast:
** Rameses I's commander at the beginning, when he challenges Jannes' claim of attack:
---> "From the frontiers of Sinai and Libya to the cataracts of the Nile, what nation would dare raise a sword against us?"
** Later by a [[TranquilFury quietly furious]] Rameses (later Rameses II):
---> "The city he builds will bear my name. The woman he loves will bear my child. So let it be written. So let it be done."
* BaldOfEvil: Rameses. Yul Brynner kept the bald look from ''Theatre/TheKingAndI'' and retained it for the rest of his life. According to the DVD commentary one reason why he was cast was that he looked better bald than some of the other actors considered for the role, including (of all people) William Holden.
* BatheHerAndBringHerToMe: Creator/VincentPrice as Baka the Master Builder [[BeamMeUpScotty never actually utters the words]]. What he says (in that inimitable Price baritone) is:
--> "Tears? When you have been bathed in scented water.... when your limbs have been caressed by sweet oils... and your hair combed with sandalwood... there will be no time for tears."
** And with a "Bring the girl" to his underlings, he's off.
* BefriendingTheEnemy: Despite his initial suspicion of her being from the Royal Family that oppressed his people, Moses' Hebrew slave friend Mered quickly becomes a loyal friend to Moses' adopted mother Bithia, to the point that he prevents her from her risking her life by attempting to halt her nephew's charging army. According to Jewish legend, Mered and Bithia [[TheyDo actually become a couple]], and even had kids!
* BerserkButton:
** Never interrupt Jannes in the middle of one of his lengthy proclamations, or the pompous OldWindbag will threaten you with a point of a sword snatched from the nearest guard!
** Also never disobey God or flout His will, as Rameses II and Dathan learn to their cost.
* BettyAndVeronica: Sephora and Nefretiri. Unfortunately, God is the ThirdOptionLoveInterest.
* BigBad: Initially Rameses I, then for much of the film the future Rameses II, then ultimately DragonAscendant Dathan.
** Nefretari is almost a BigBad herself, persuading Rameses to keep the Israelites in Egypt purely to keep Moses close to her.
* BigDamnHeroes: Moses, naturally. (Charlton Heston tended to play a lot of these during his career)
* BigNo
* BittersweetEnding: The Hebrews eventually reach Israel... but for his [[http://www.biblestudytools.com/numbers/20.html Wrath]], Moses cannot enter the Promised Land.
* BlindIdiotTranslation: Not quite as harsh, but "Sephora" for Tzipporah and "Yochabel" for Yocheved are very odd translations.
** Bithiah's real Egyptian name was Renenutet. Bithiah, "Daughter of God," was her Hebrew name.
* BloodForMortar: [[DiscussedTrope Discussed]] and [[DefiedTrope Defied]]; when Moses' fellow Egyptians ask why he will not let a Hebrew woman die during the construction of a temple, he states that "blood makes poor mortar" and frees her.
* BondVillainStupidity: Rameses sending Moses into the desert to die a long slow agonizing death instead of just killing him quickly and being done with it.
* BookEnds: At the beginning, a group of beautiful women attends the older princess Bithiah, who takes baby Moses from the water. When Moses is thrown out of Egypt, his name has been erased from their history; by Egyptian standards he is dead. When he gets to Midian, a group of beautiful women repeatedly [[SymbolicBaptism douse him with water]] -- and so he is reborn, and marries the oldest sister.
* {{Bowdlerise}}: In the movie, Moses angrily throwing down the tablets results in a chasm that many of the Jews fall into. In the Bible/Tanakh, Moses gets the Levites (priests) to grab some swords and get busy. Killing 3,000 total. To be fair, keeping in the original slaughter makes Moses a DarkShepherd (no pun intended). And the chasm actually did occur but later, in a different conflict.
* BrattyHalfPint: Rameses II's son.
* BreakHerHeartToSaveHer: Joshua smears the doorposts of Dathan's house with lamb's blood, in the hopes that he can save Lilia from despairing to the point of death and free her from Dathan's clutches.
* BreakTheHaughty:
** Rameses's smugly stubborn defiance of God brings a variety of misfortunes and tragedies upon him.
** Nefreteri goes from being smug and a stereotypical rich girl (knowing the two most eligible bachelors in Egypt are vying for her attentions), to being broken after the final plague takes away her son.
* BroadStrokes: The movie's approach to the source material in some areas, especially what happened to the Hebrews after the flight from Egypt.
* CanonForeigner: Lilia. Nearly every character is based on someone from the Bible, extra-biblical ancient sources, or actual historical figures, but Lilia was created for the film as Joshua's love interest.
* CaptainObvious: The movie is ''loaded'' with this; ex: "Moses' serpent swallows up the others!"
* CatchPhrase: "So let it be written. So let it be done." by Rameses (both I and II). It even gets a reprise at the end of the film (as a literal example of WordOfGod).
* ChangelingFantasy: Where Moses does ''not'' enjoy learning that he is actually a Hebrew, nor does his love interest. This is [[RuleOfDrama altered for drama's sake]] from the original story, which suggests that Moses knew very well while he was growing up that he was Hebrew.
* ChekhovsGun: Memnet keeps the Levite cloth from Moses' basket, and uses it to prove to Nefretiri where he really came from.
* TheChosenOne: Moses, the Deliverer.
* ChickMagnet: Moses to a degree--all of Jethro's daughters, with one exception, are trying to catch his eye. (Guess which one he ends up choosing for his wife?) He also attracts Nefertiri, who ''has'' his eye for the first part of the film, and the Nubian princess Moses presents to Seti, who seems quite taken by her conqueror. In the Bible, [[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+12&version=NCV Tharbis was Moses' Nubian bride]]. [[note]]Naturally, a prince should have several wives, and only Nefretiri could be the Great Royal Wife.[[/note]] De Mille wanted to establish this in the film, but realized it was too radical for audiences of his time.
* TheCommandments: Naturally!
* CoolOldLady: Both Bithia and Yochebel in later life.
* CourtMage: Jannes, in addition to being High Priest of Egypt and one of the Pharoah's top advisors.
* CrossingTheDesert: Moses does this after he's thrown out of Egypt. Ramses only gives him one day's rations, figuring he'll die that way, but he manages to make it to Midian.
* CruelMercy: After becoming Pharaoh, Rameses chooses to banish Moses to the desert rather than have him killed.
-->'''Rameses:''' I have defeated you in life, Moses. You shall not defeat me with your death. The dead do not scorch in the desert of desire, suffer from the thirst of passion, nor stumble blindly towards some mirage of lost love. But you, Hebrew, will suffer all these things, by living.
* CrucifiedHeroShot: When Joshua is captured by Dathan and Baka, they stretch up and strap his arms to the pillars and scourge him with a whip.
* CurbStompBattle: Pentaur the Commander of the Pharoah's chariot host encounters this, after God releases the Red Sea as he and his army pursue the fleeing Hebrew people, drowning them all.
* DatedHistory:
** Most modern estimates put the Exodus in the reign of Thutmose III [[note]] more specifically, he's the most supported. Scholars agree that if it happened, it must've been somewhere in-between Pharaohs Dudimose and Rameses II, with both extremes being actually the least supported theories. [[/note]], not Rameses II. Though to be fair, there isn't clear consensus among scholars and reconciling Old Testament timelines with historical dates is tricky at best. Also, Rameses II ''did'' lose his first-born son (the tomb was found). It doesn't help however that historical records show that Rameses II was actually one of the most successful pharaohs of Egyptian history, which he couldn't have been had his workforce left overnight. That would've definitely plunged Egypt into chaos for generations.
** There are also competing archaeological theories that the Hebrews never left Palestine in the time of Joseph in the first place.
** As of 1994, we know that Ramses was a redhead and that he came from a family of redheads. There is not a single redhead amongst the royal family.
** The movie ends with the hebrews reaching Canaan and Moses being unable to set foot in it like in the Book of Exodus. Today we know that Canaan was conquered by Seti I and part of Ramesses II's empire during his 66-year-long reign, which would've made the whole Exodus [[AllForNothing completely moot.]]
* DemotedToExtra: Sort of with Miriam and Aaron, though both get their moments, especially Aaron, played by Creator/JohnCarradine. Miriam's moments include assisting newly appointed Lancer Joshua in organizing the Exodus.
* DeadpanSnarker:
** Seti.
--->'''High Priest Jannes''': Because of Moses, there is no wheat in the temple granaries!\\
'''Seti:''' You don't look any leaner.
** The soldier who evicts Dathan.
--->'''Dathan:''' Why do you come here? I put no blood on my door!\\
'''Egyptian Soldier:''' Then stone bleeds!
** Nefretiri:
--->'''Sethi:''' It is pleasing to the gods to see a man honored by his enemies.\\
'''Nefretiri:''' And such a ''beau''tiful enemy.
** Moses has his moments:
--->'''Moses''' ''(to Baka)'': Are you a master ''builder'' or a master ''butcher''?
** Later, when Moses allows the Hebrews to eat the temple grain:
--->'''Rameses:''' I don't have to remind you, Moses--the temple grain is for the ''gods''.\\
'''Moses:''' What the ''gods'' can digest will not sour in the belly of a slave.
* DeathGlare:
** Several, but Nefretiri gives a ferocious one to the Ethiopian princess flirting with Moses.
** And earlier, Bithia towards Mamnet, whenever the old nurse is about to say something about Moses.
** And Rameses, after Nefretiri taunts him into pursuing the Hebrews, handing him his own sword demanding to see Moses' blood on it when he returns. His response?
---> '''Rameses:''' I will -- to mingle with your own!
* DefeatMeansFriendship: After defeating Ethiopia in war, Moses presents the Ethiopian king as a new ally to protect the southern border.
* DefrostingIceQueen: Sort of, with Sephora. While she isn't out and out hostile, she clearly seems uninterested in having Moses as a husband, unlike her younger sisters. Guess who he ends up choosing?
* {{Demythification}}: There is a scene where Ramses tries to explain away the Plagues as natural phenomena. To paraphrase, he tells Moses that red mud seeped into the Nile River, causing the frogs to leave and the cattle drinking from it to sicken and die, whose carcasses rotted, attracting rats and bugs that spread disease. Then there's the matter of burning hail from the sky...
* DidntThinkThisThrough: Memnet does not want Moses to rule Egypt and has proof that he's really a Hebrew. The first person she chooses to tell is the woman who everyone can see is deeply in love with Moses and will do anything to protect him...
* DoesNotLikeShoes: Moses is instructed by God from the Burning Bush to remove his sandals as he now standing on hallowed ground.
* DontCreateAMartyr: Rameses decides to exile Moses because killing him will turn him to a martyr in Nefretiri's eyes.
* DontMakeMeDestroyYou: Seti, Moses's adopted uncle, is visibly distraught as Moses keeps digging himself a deeper and deeper hole in regards to his murder of a slave master. Seti must hold his adopted nephew accountable in the law, but does not want to sentence his own nephew to death -- he eventually settles on exile and [[UnPerson striking Moses's existence from all Egyptian records]].
-->'''Seti:''' Why are you ''forcing'' me to destroy you?
* TheDragon:
** Dathan to Baka and Rameses, with Baka starting out as the first dragon until he is slain by Moses, followed by Dathan being promoted to Rameses' dragon until his house is marked by lamb's blood and he is forced to join the other Israelites on their journey into the wilderness.
** Ramses has another dragon (a more classical example), his top general, Pentaur, whose firstborn dies. Pentaur himself later dies when he gets consumed by the Red Sea with the rest of his Pharoah's chariot host.
** Abiram becomes to Dathan as well when he takes over control of the Hebrews in the wildnerness.
* DragonAscendant: Dathan in the finale sequence.
* EarthquakesCauseFissures: When Moses throws the eponymous tablets at the Golden Calf, the Calf [[MadeOfExplodium explodes]] and a massive earthquake ensues which opens up massive rifts in the Earth, consuming the [[{{Mook}} mooks]] and TheStarscream of the piece. Justified by the fact it's the work of God.
* EldritchAbomination: The Angel of Death. Rather than being a human looking angel (or TheGrimReaper), it's portrayed as a cloud of bluish fog descending from the sky in the shape of a creepy hand. It makes sense for the Angel to take on this kind of form, given the nature of its job but still, it's incredibly creepy....
* EmissaryFromTheDivine: Moses acts as an emissary from God to free the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.
* EntitledBitch: Nefretiri is so insistent that Moses will cease being God's deliverer and and come back to her. Along with "I'm a princess, I get what I want" she's also trusting in the power of their decades-long love to draw them back together. She is bitterly disappointed.
* EpicMovie: Thousands of extras, grand set pieces and environments, and a running time of ''220 minutes''.
* EstablishingCharacterMoment:
** Joshua ziplining from the top of a quarry shows him as the prototypical swashbuckler action hero of the time. And when we first meet him, he's on an upper level just so he can climb down a rope accompanied by a fanfare and let us know what a stud he is.
** Everyone walks away when [[TheQuisling Dathan]] comes sniffing around, accompanied by ominously evil villain music.
* EvenEvilHasLovedOnes: Dathan does care for his brother Abiram and has him live in the governor's house.
* EveryoneHasStandards: Pentaur the commander of the Egyptian army, as he protests in vain at seeing the former prince Moses he once served under in war and whom he respected being forced to cross the desert with only one day's ration of food and water. As he is made to put on Moses' Levite robe, a parting gift from his dying birth mother, Pentaur says, "I would rather this was your armor." He's also visibly stunned at how callously Rameses informs Moses that his birth mother is dead.
* EvilChancellor: Jannes the High Priest can count as such, for while he is loyal to Pharoahs he serves, he definitely has his own agenda, and his evil advice to Rameses I at the beginning that leads to the death of innocent Hebrew children and threatens Moses as a baby.
* FaceDeathWithDignity: Nefertiti is completely unphased when Rameses prepares to kill her, asking only to see Moses' blood on his sword. When he can't do that, she disgustedly notes, "You couldn't even kill him."
* FatBastard: Jannes the High Priest of Egypt in later life. His frustration at Moses taking away the hoarded grain from his temple is what turns the High Priest against him and side with Rameses.
* FateWorseThanDeath:
** How Joshua describes working in the copper mines.
** For Lilia, it is being Dathan's sex toy.
---> '''Joshua:''' They said you were dead.\\
'''Lilia:''' To all who I love, Joshua, I ''am'' dead.
* {{Fanservice}}: By modern standards, many of the outfits worn by the women in the palace are pretty revealing. In the 1950s, they were pushing the limits of what was allowable on screen. (By ancient Egyptian standards, they are all [[AdaptationalModesty over-dressed]].) There are plenty of shirtless male characters.
* FauxActionGirl: Sephora, when she courageously stands up to the bullying Amalekite shepherds who threaten her and her sisters, but it is Moses who comes to their rescue.
* FemmeFatale: Nefretiri.
* FogOfDoom: The tenth plague that kills all the firstborn in Egypt is depicted as this.
* {{Foreshadowing}}:
** Moses told Nefretiri that God will use her to work his will. Her manipulations would later backfire and lead to the plague on the firstborn and help the Israelites go free.
** In a moment when Moses is disguised and helps a mortally wounded slave, Simon:
--->'''Simon:''' Thank you, my son ... but death is better than bondage, for my days are ended; and my prayer...unanswered.\\
'''Moses:''' What prayer?\\
'''Simon:''' That before death closed my eyes, I might behold the deliverer...who will bring all men...to freedom...(''dies'')
* GeorgeJetsonJobSecurity: After the Israelites secretly smear the doorposts of Dathan's house with lamb's blood, he is stripped of his position and estate, forced to join the other Israelites in leaving Egypt.
* GetOut:
** Sethi does this to Bithia after Rameses brings Moses to his court.
--->'''Bithia:''' Forgive me Sethi, it was I who deceived you, not Moses. He was only a child!\\
'''Sethi:''' Leave me. I shall not see your face again!
** Ramses essentially also does this to Moses.
--->'''Ramses:''' Come to me no more, Moses! For on the day you see my face again, you will surely die!\\
'''Moses:''' ''(deadpan)'' ...So let it be written!
* {{God}} -- or His voice, anyway.
* GilliganCut: God declares "Thou shalt not make unto thyself any graven image"...which fades into the people putting the finishing touches on the golden calf.
* AGodAmI: As Pharaoh of Egypt, Rameses II becomes this, hence his resistance to the True God's demands.
* GoodCounterpart: Moses' son Gershom is clearly this to his bratty cousin Prince Amun.
* GoodParents: Jethro to his daughters.
* GreenEyedMonster: Rameses has it something ''fierce'', since everyone (including his own father) knows how much more awesome Moses is.
* HamToHamCombat:
** It's a toss up among Charlton Heston, Yul Brynner and Anne Baxter. Brynner is arguably the least hammy though; he's actually quite subtle in some scenes.
** And in universe, the "old windbag" High Priest Jannes (Douglas Dumbrille).
** Honorable mention goes to Vincent Price.
* HappilyMarried: Moses with Sephora - until he finds his God...
* HappinessInSlavery: Averted generally, since it is about freeing the Hebrew slaves, but Dathan (who is Hebrew) and Memnet (who is not) play this trope very straight.
* HarbingerOfImpendingDoom: Jannes, when he informs Pharaoh Rameses I of the prophecy of a Hebrew Deliver being born. His Pharaoh's attempt to prevent the prophecy results ironically in the baby Moses being discretely adopted by Rameses' daughter Bithia and growing up [[SelfFulfillingProphecy to actually make the prophecy come true]].
* HaveAGayOldTime: The Israelites were released from their -- bondage.
* HaveYouToldAnyoneElse: Memnet comes to Nefertiri with the story of how Bithia drew Moses from the Nile. Nefertiri quickly asks, "Were you alone with Bithia?" before she kills Memnet.
* HappilyAdopted: After he finds his birth family, Moses still assures Bithia he's her son and will always love her. Aww.
* HeartbrokenBadass: Rameses is genuinely devastated by the death of his son.
* TheHighKing:
** Rameses becomes this as Pharaoh, despite the stacks against him because of his adopted brother Moses' accomplishments.
** And before him his father Sethi and grandfather Rameses I.
* HighPriest: Several examples in various cultures.
** Jannes the High Priest of Egypt is an obvious example.
** Aaron becomes unofficially High Priest in this film to his people (he actually becomes such in the Book of Exodus, Chapter 28).
** Although we mainly see his younger son Eleazar as a boy, we know from the Book of Numbers (Chapter 20) he will eventually succeed his father as High Priest of the Hebrews.
** Jethro who is the Sheikh of Midian.
** Korah is named such by Dathan thus ensuring his co-operation in Dathan's takeover bid.
* TheHighQueen: Nefretiri becomes this to Rameses' [[TheHighKing High King]].
* HisNameIs: Sethi on his deathbed breaks his own decree by saying Moses's name.
* HollywoodAtheist: Rameses. He knows that the Egyptian gods were created by men to justify the pharaoh’s rule, and as such believes he can do whatever he wants. Presumably he disbelieves in the Hebrews’ God for [[{{Pride}} the same reason]]. Possibly, Dathan as well, since it’s unlikely that he’d betray Moses if [[TooDumbToLive he knew Moses had God on his side]].
* HollywoodCostuming: The women might seem to have obviously 1950s hair and makeup.... but the hair styles are all taken from period wall paintings, except that in Egypt those would all be wigs (most women as well as men shaved their heads). And Egyptian men ''and'' women wore elaborate cosmetics, especially eyeliner and shadow (which kept flies away and looked downright snazzy besides) which they skipped for the film (they managed to work in a reference to it in the well scene with Jethro's daughters). One detail [=DeMille=] hoped to get in but couldn't was the fact that palace servants wore ''lit candles'' on their heads at night. He actually put one on Bithiah's maid in the scene where Bithiah asks for her chariot so she can ride to Goshen, but he just couldn't get the continuity between takes matched up, and so they abandoned it.[[note]]This is also why there aren't any cats in the Egyptian scenes, though [=DeMille=] was well aware of the exalted regard in which cats were held.[[/note]]
* HollywoodOld: Lilia in the final scene is obviously just 23-year-old rising-star-beauty-queen Debra Paget wrapped in a blanket.
* HonorBeforeReason: Even after seeing their path blocked with fire and the Red Sea parting, Rameses' general says they should leave. Rameses' response? "Better to die in battle against a god than live in shame."
* HumanSacrifice: Lilia nearly becomes one of these during the Golden Calf incident.
* HumiliationConga: The plagues set upon Egypt because of Rameses' stubbornness could be seen as this.
* IAmTheNoun: Ramses: "I am Egypt."
* IAmXSonOfY: "I am Moses, son of Amram and Yochabel."
* IDidWhatIHadToDo: Moses's justification for for betraying Sethi. Sethi [[IronicEcho turns this right back on Moses]] in ordering his punishment.
* IHaveNoSon:
** Invoked by Sethi when he learns that Moses is the deliverer, and he decrees:
--->'''Sethi''': Let the name of Moses be stricken from every book and tablet, stricken from all pylons and obelisks, stricken from every monument of Egypt. Let the name of Moses be unheard and unspoken, erased from the memory of men for all time.
** Subverted when Sethi is on his deathbed:
---> '''Sethi''': You are the only thing I regret leaving. You have been my joy.\\
'''Nefretiri''': And you my only love.\\
'''Sethi''': Aha, now you're cheating. There was another. I know. I loved him, too. With my last breath, I'll break my own law and speak the name of... Moses... [DramaticPause] Moses.
** Invoked and downplayed by Yochabel when she asks the ArmorPiercingQuestion and Moses embraces his Hebrew heritage afterwards and recognizes Yochabel as his true mother:
--->'''Moses''': I love you, my mother, but am I your son... [''Moses glances at Bithiah''] or yours?\\
'''Yochabel''': No, you are not my son. If you believe that men and women are cattle to be driven under the lash, if you can bow before idols of stone and golden images of beasts, you are not my son.
* IJustKnew: Miriam when she warns the women to stock up on water since there will be none for 7 days. It's implied she uses this gift often ("Miriam is always right.") It is mentioned in the Book of Exodus Chapter 15 that she is a prophetess.
* INeverSaidItWasPoison: When Moses confronts Bithiah about the Levite cloth, she reprimands him for believing "a piece of cloth found by Memnet". His response?
--> "How did you know it was Memnet?"
* IRejectYourReality: Bithia on letting her maternal instincts take over common sense in taking the Hebrew baby Moses despite the obvious dangers her attendant Mamnet points out.
* IWantThemAlive: When ordering his men to pursue the fleeing Hebrews, Rameses commands his troops to kill everyone else, but bring Moses to him alive.
* IWarnedYou: "If there is one more plague on Egypt, it is by your word that God will bring it." Shoulda kept your mouth shut, Rameses.
* IneptMage: Jannes, as he is repeatedly being humiliated in front of Rameses II and the Royal Court by Moses and God, first by Moses' rod turned serpent swallowing his and another priest's, then repeatedly discrediting him and the gods he serves through the plagues he is clearly unable to prevent.
* InformedAttribute:
** Unless you really believe Charlton Heston is slow of speech and thick of tongue... (He tried but couldn't do a realistic stammer. He settled for speaking very slowly.)
** Nefretiri being more attractive than Sephora. Well, Anne Baxter wasn't a bad looking woman by any means, but Yvonne De Carlo as a supposedly "plain" sheep herder is a little hard to swallow.
* InsultBackfire:
-->'''Ramses''': You have a rat's ears and a ferret's nose.\\
'''Dathan''': [[TheQuisling To use in your service]], [[ProfessionalButtKisser son of Pharaoh]].
* {{Intermission}}
* IronLady: Bithia, particularly with Mamnet whenever the old nurse seems about to spill the beans about Moses.
* IronicEchoCut: "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image". The scene fades to the golden calf.
* {{Irony}}:
** The following quote:
--->'''Sethi:''' Let the name of Moses be stricken from every book and tablet, stricken from all pylons and obelisks, stricken from every monument of Egypt. Let the name of Moses be unheard and unspoken, erased from the memory of men for all time.
** The old slave with Moses who dies regretting that he never saw the Deliverer, not knowing that said Deliverer is cradling his body as he dies.
* {{Jerkass}}:
** Dathan. Dathan. '''Dathan'''. From having Lilia as his SexSlave to being the one who made the infamous Golden Calf to many KickTheDog incidents in between, you'd think he was competing in some contest to crown the biggest cinematic dog-kicker.
** Rameses certainly qualifies, going from just plain stubborness to this as the plages pile up and he doesn't yield on keeping the Hebrews as slaves, as does Nefretiri after she's been married to him long enough.
** Baka the Master Builder, both for letting Yochebel be nearly crushed to death and trying to make Lilia his SexSlave.
* JerkassHasAPoint:
** Nefreteri correctly points out to Moses after catching him slumming as a slave in the mudpits that if he goes ahead with revealing his secret and renouncing his status, he will break Bithia's and Sethi's hearts and guarantee that his own people will suffer more with Rameses as their next overlord, whom incidentally [[ArrangedMarriage she will have to marry.]]
** Dathan correctly points out that the recently freed, malnourished Hebrews have no chance of stopping the Egyptian chariots.
* JustEatGilligan: Why did nobody suggest stoning Dathan? Or sending him away?
* KickTheDog: So many times, audiences would be forgiven for thinking that dog-kicking was the national sport in ancient Egypt.
* KilledOffscreen:
** Implied with Rameses I. We skip ahead some thirtysomething years to find that Sethi his son is now ruler, and any reference to Rameses I is in the past tense. (Historically, he only ruled a couple of years anyway.)
** Also, when Moses is being dumped by Rameses in the desert, he is given a Levite robe spun by his mother who personally brought with her to prison to deliver to her son, only to die afterwards (presumably from a broken heart, although we can see she's pretty frail and sick in her last scene) which Rameses coldly delivers as a parting TakeThat to his rival.
* KingIncognito: After learning that he's actually a Hebrew, Moses goes to work in the mud pits as a common slave, with nobody knowing who he really is (though Lilia finds his voice vaguely familiar).
* KneelBeforeZod: Defied. Rameses tells Moses to command the conquered Ethiopians to kneel before Pharaoh, but Moses tells him that he's brought the Ethiopians in friendship and tells Ramses to mind his own business.
-->"Command what ''you'' have conquered, my brother."
* KubrickStare: Seems to be Rameses' default expression, especially whenever Moses is receiving kudos for being awesome.
* TheLancer: Joshua.
* LadyMacbeth: Nefretiri to Ramses, once she's decided to become vengeful.
* LargeHam: Of the WorldOfHam variety. It has Moses, Rameses, Nefretiri, Baka, The Narrator, and the biggest of them, ''{{God}}''. And Sethi, just for the way he says "stricken" in the above speech. (Well, ''Sir Cedric Hardwicke''.) And Jannes, the OldWindbag...
* LaserGuidedKarma: The various misfortunes and tragedies that Rameses endures are his own fault due to his defiance of God.
* TheLastThingYouEverSee: Bithiah says to Memnet, when making her swear to keep quiet about Moses, that "The day you break that oath will be the last your eyes will ever see." And her proclamation comes true. Even though it's Bithiah threatening to kill Memnet should she open her mouth, it's Nefretiri who does so when Memnet spills the beans to her.
* {{Leitmotif}}: Lilia's theme, "Death Cometh To Me".
* LittleGirlsKickShins: A variation. Rameses II's son kicks Moses' rod after he just demonstrates God's power through having the rod miraculously turn into a cobra and back again, but it is still an insulting and defiant gesture to both Moses and God, thereby we still don't feel too bad over what happens to the princely brat.
* LockedIntoStrangeness: Moses gets grey streaks in his hair after seeing the burning bush, and goes completely grey upon receiving the commandments.
* LogoJoke: The Creator/{{Paramount}} logo is cued over an image of Mount Sinai, rather than the usual mountain, believed to be modeled after Ben Lomond near Ogden, Utah, the boyhood home of Paramount founder William W. Hodkinson.
* LostInTranslation: When Bithia adopts Moses, she says, "Because I drew you from the water, you shall be called 'Moses.'" This makes no sense in English. In Hebrew, she calls him Moshe (the Hebrew equivalent of Moses), because she ''mishituhu'' (which translates to, "I drew him out") from the water. (There's some [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses#Name interesting etymology speculations here]].
* LoveTriangle
* MamaBear: Bithiah, although not Moses's birth mother, certainly is the trope. She cautions Memnet that if she ever speaks of Moses's true heritage, she will die. And Bithiah is more than willing to follow through on this threat, [[spoiler: Nefritiri just beats her to the punch.]]
* ManipulativeBitch: Nefretiri.
* MassOhCrap:
** Seen on the side of those who worshipped the golden calf as Moses pass judgement.
---> '''Moses:''' Those who shall not live by the law, '''''SHALL DIE BY THE LAW!!!'''''
** Although generally only seen from a far distance, it's pretty obvious that Rameses' army does this when the sea un-parts.
* MaybeMagicMaybeMundane: Discussed by Rameses with his ministers, concerning the first few plagues.
-->'''Ramses:''' These things were ordered by themselves, not by any God.
* AMinorKidroduction: The opening sequences include the infant Moses being rescued from the water by Bithiah.
* MoodWhiplash: Near the end, the divine majesty of God giving His law to Moses is contrasted with the debauchery of the Hebrews worshipping their golden idol.
* MookDepletion: Rameses sends his army after Moses and the departing Israelites only to be told that they were all killed [[PartingTheSea when the Red Sea parted, and then un-parted]]. The final shot of him is on his throne, silently contemplating how he can rule his country with no army to back him up. In this case it happens because the opponent's might (God's) is such that it wipes the whole army out in one swift strike.
* MoralityPet: Whatever their faults, Rameses II and Nefreteri really loved their son, and are devastated when he is claimed by the Plague of the Death of the Firstborn.
* MosesInTheBulrushes: Duh!
* MrExposition:
** Several characters, but a great example is the "Blind One", a blind old man explaining aspects of the Exodus to his two grandchildren as they describe them to him, such as the funeral procession of their ancestor Joseph as it being borne by Jewish elders to be buried in the Holy Land as his deathbed request. Likewise he recognizes the golden image of a calf handed to him by a fellow slave as an object of pagan worship, which he rejects in horror, but it ironically will later inspire Dathan to creat a false god for his people to worship.
** Gershom, whom we see Moses telling the story of how his maternal ancestor Ishmael survives in the desert due to God's mercy, thus establishing that Moses has learned of his people's and Seporah's collective history during his time spent with her family.
** Eleazar, Aaron's younger son, when he has the more symbolic aspects of the first Passover meal explained to him by his elders, the bitter herbs (representing his people's bitter slavery) and the unleavened bread (the haste at which their Egyptian overlords will be driving them out).
* MrFanservice: Creator/CharltonHeston, Yul Brynner and John Derek all provide plenty of it.
* MsFanservice: Anne Baxter's virtually see-through outfits are surprisingly risque for 1956. Hell, in the "Hounds and Jackals" scene, Baxter is wearing a dress so transparent one can actually see her nipples. Again, by Ancient Egyptian standards, she is [[AdaptationalModesty way overdressed]].
* MyGodWhatHaveIDone: Or rather what they failed to do. Aaron and Miriam over their shared guilt and remorse at being unable to prevent their people from corrupting themselves in Moses' absence is painfully obvious.
* NamedByTheAdaptation: The movie names the unnamed Pharaoh of the Literature/BookOfExodus as Rameses, which many adaptations since have used.
* {{Narrator}}: None other than [=DeMille=] himself.
* NephariousPharaoh:
** Like most works based off the Literature/BookOfExodus from Literature/TheBible, it has the Pharaoh Ramses as the BigBad.
** Also his grandfather Rameses I, when he stages the death of the Hebrew male babies born at the same time as Moses.
* NeverMyFault:
** Rameses blames Nefretiri for the death of their son because her nasty taunts "hardened his heart" to keep the Hebrews slaves just so Moses would stay in Egypt.
** Aaron pathetically also tries to use this line when Moses comes down from Mount Sinai to take in his people defiling themselves, and he is called out for it.
* NiceJobBreakingItHerod: Rameses I ordering the murder of all Hebrew newborns to [[SelfFulfillingProphecy thwart the prophecy of the deliverer]].
* NiceJobFixingItVillain: Nefretiri. Moses tells her himself that she'll be part of God's plan to free the slaves.
* NotEvenBotheringWithTheAccent:
** Edward G. Robinson was cast as the villain Dathan, whom he played in his usual New York gangster style.
** Tommy Duran, the child actor playing Moses' son Gershom, clearly had little acting experience or training, as indicating in his failure to hide his natural American accent.
** Eugene Mazolla, the child actor who played Rameses' son Prince Amun, didn't hide his American accent either.
* NotSoAboveItAll: After Nefertiri finds Moses as a slave, she suggest he come back to the palace with her and free the Hebrew slaves after he becomes Pharaoh, instead of staying with his people. Nefertiri points out that [[JerkassHasAPoint after he becomes so he can do and order whatever he pleases without breaking Bithia's and Sethi's hearts, and stay with her]]. Moses actually agrees to return, but only after [[{{Foreshadowing}} he meets with the Master Builder...]]
* NotSoStoic: After his encounter with God, Moses is always either very dignified or very subdued, but when he learns what the Pharaoh has planned for the slaves, and realizes what's going to happen, he is horrified and his bearing slips all the way to pleading with God for mercy.
* OutlivingOnesOffspring:
** Pentaur sees his firstborn son drop dead in front of him.
** Followed by his king and queen witnessing the death of their son.
* OhCrap:
** Moses' birth mother, when she is about to be crushed by the granite she is greasing.
** When Nefretiri realizes too late after silencing Mamnet she forgot about the Levite wrapping cloth the old nurse brought with her to prove her claims about Moses, until Moses himself discovers it, and starts asking awkward questions...
** The look on Baka's face when he sees the slave who is about to strangle him is actually Moses.
** Moses himself, when Nefeteri tells him that Rameses has ordered the murder of the Hebrew children, meaning that the Egyptian firstborn, not the children of Goshen, will perish.
** Dathan and Korah when they realize too late that he has gone over his head with the One True God...
* OldWindbag: Jannes, the High Priest of Egypt. This is exactly what Sethi kept referring to him during one of his lengthy court announcements..."the old windbag", and later at his death, with Jannes still pontificating there.
--> ''May the Gods bless you... as you go to join them... in the lannnddd of the deaddd...''
* OrphansPlotTrinket: The blanket that covered baby Moses as he drifted down the river.
* OurAngelsAreDifferent: The angel of death is depicted as a sinister green mist that descends from the sky and then spreads over Egypt.
* PapaWolf: {{Subverted}}; while it may take some prodding, Rameses vows to avenge his son's death. [[spoiler:It doesn't work out for him.]]
* APartyAlsoKnownAsAnOrgy: Lampshaded by the narrator when the Israelites are engaging in idolatry:
-->'''Narrator''': And the people rose up to play, and did eat and drink. They were as the children of fools and cast off their clothes. The wicked were like a troubled sea, whose waters cast up mire and dirt. They sank from evil to evil and were viler than the earth. And there was rioting and drunkenness, for they had become servants of sin. There was manifest all manner of ungodliness and works of the flesh. Even adultery and lasciviousness, uncleanness, idolatry and rioting, vanity and wrath. And they were filled with iniquity and vile affections, and Aaron knew that he had brought them to shame.
* PetTheDog: Rameses has his moments, so much so that it's very hard to dislike him. It's not like it's his fault Moses is more competent and his own father clearly favors Moses over him. He's polite and soft-spoken to other Egyptians, shows genuine sympathy to one of his men when the 10th Plague kills the man's son, is devastated when his own son dies, is ready to kill Dathan for accusing Moses, and deals fairly with Dathan by keeping his word to him instead of just killing him and using his information about Moses anyway. Brynner wanted the character to be complex and multi-faceted, and he succeeded. Take him out of the film and it's a lot less interesting. And it can't be denied that Rameses could have easily had Moses killed instead of exiling him. Sure, he gave an excuse, but you can't watch the scene and the movie without thinking that Moses and Rameses probably grew up together and have a history that's more than being rivals. Like Seti refusing to kill Moses, it's not that much of a stretch to think that Rameses probably just could not bring himself to do it either.
* PlayingGertrude: Both Martha Scott (eleven years older than Charlton Heston) and Nina Foch (one year younger).
* PleaseIWillDoAnything: Lilia does this to save Joshua, the result of which is her marrying Dathan.
* PleaseSpareHimMyLiege: Lilia does this twice in order to save Joshua's life. The first time, it was to Prince Moses. The second time, it was to Dathan. [[ScarpiaUltimatum But there was a catch in Dathan's case...]]
* PostRapeTaunt: Baka to Joshua regarding Lilia, telling him he "would have only kept her a short while. She would have returned to you. . .shall we say. . .more worthy."
* PragmaticVillainy:
** Prince Moses has no problem using the Hebrew slaves to build the treasure city, but he knows that happier and healthier slaves are more productive. So he increases their rations and gives them one day in seven to rest, and construction thus accelerates.
--->'''Moses''': A city is made of brick, Pharaoh. The strong make many. The weak make few. The dead make none.
** While he sees no need to sacrifice a slave nation that has been so useful to him and his people, Rameses I has no qualms about sacrificing their male babies in order to prevent an inconvenient (to him) prophecy from coming to pass.
* PropertyOfLove: How Moses and Nefretiri describe themselves to each other, in a SickeninglySweethearts kind of way.
* PunchClockVillain: Pentaur, the Captain of the Pharaoh's Host. He's clearly saddened when Moses is sent into exile, noting that he'd rather be following him into battle, and is heartbroken when his own son dies during the final plague. He also tries to dissuade Rameses from continuing further against the Hebrews.
* PunnyName: A likely unintentional one with Baka, which means "idiot"... ''in Japanese''.
* PyrrhicVillainy: Rameses ascends the throne after Sethi reluctantly makes him the heir to the throne and marries Nefretiri, who bears him a son. Unfortunately, he resists letting the Hebrews go, eventually doing so after the tenth plague takes his only firstborn son and he afterwards boasts of slaying Moses and the Israelites, taking an army with him to pursue them. His troops and cavalry are drowned in the flood, his only son has died, and he has failed to stop Moses and the Israelites, returning to his snarky wife, bitterly and reluctantly acknowledging that Moses' god is the true God
* TheQuisling: Dathan, who is of Hebrew descent but gladly works as an overseer.
* RealityIsUnrealistic: As of 2016, it has been discovered that Rameses II was indeed fair skinned.
* ReasonableAuthorityFigure:
** Seti listens to both sides before making a decision. However, that decision isn't necessarily in favor of the protagonists. He also makes sure that his heir will be the one best fit to rule Egypt, not necessarily his son.
** Moses is one of these, particularly when he is in charge of building the city. He recognizes that slaves who are fed and rested are more productive, allowing him to accelerate construction.
** Aaron is the point that Moses trust him to look after the Hebrew people as he goes up into Mount Sinai to commune with God and receive His Commandments. Unfortunately Aaron isn't strong enough a leader to prevent Dathan from taking over control under him...
** Jethro the sheikh of Midian, who becomes very much like Sethi was to Moses.
* RefusalOfTheCall: Moses at first.
--> ''I am not the man!''
* ReligionOfEvil: Dathan's cult of the Golden Calf, with Korah as its puppet leader.
* TheRemake: This movie is also a remake of the 1923 silent epic of the same name; Cecil B. [=DeMille=] directed both.
* RepeatToConfirm: A non-verbal version -- the overseers at the construction site signal each other thusly with colored pennants.
* SayMyName: A motif. People say "Moses, Moses" many times in the movie. There's a reason for that.
* ScarpiaUltimatum: Dathan promises not to have Joshua executed if Lilia agrees to be his sex slave and let everyone believe it's of her own free will. As big a {{Jerkass}} as Dathan was, he actually upheld his end of the bargain.
* ScrewThisImOuttaHere: When the Hebrews leave Egypt after being freed, some Egyptian guards in the background join them. It's Exodus 12:38. The "mixed multitude" also includes a lot of Nubians who must have been guests. There would have been Egyptians like Bithiah, who followed her faith in her son; others just getting away from the devastated land, others ready to believe "his God ''is'' God," or possible converts who were aware ''something'' about this was real; others could have been enslaved foreigners, etc.
* SecondLove: Sephora is this for Moses.
* SeeYouInHell: An Egyptian soldier tells Dathan where he can go after he loses his position as taskmaster:
-->'''Dathan''': Where are we going? Do you know where we're going?\\
'''Egyptian soldier''': [[LampshadeHanging To hell, I hope!]]
* ServileSnarker: Dathan, to Rameses:
-->'''Dathan''': Joshua's strength didn't kill the master builder.\\
'''Rameses''': Now speaks the rat that would be my ears.\\
'''Dathan''': Too many ears tie a rat's tongue.
* SettingUpdate: A minor example. Rabbinical Judaism tells us that Moses' lifespan corresponds to 1391-1271 BC, telling us the Exodus happened in 1311 BC and thus that the Pharaoh of the Exodus would have been Horemheb, the predecessor of Ramesses I whom we see early in this film. Jerome, on the other hand, gives Moses' year of birth as 1592 meaning the Exodus would have been in 1512 with Thutmose I as the Pharaoh and Ussher gives Moses' year of birth as 1571 meaning the Exodus would have been in 1491 with the Pharaoh being Thutmose II. Most curent scholars think that if the Exodus did happen, the Pharaoh was Thutmose III, not II.
* SexSlave:
** Liliah is blackmailed into this position via ScarpiaUltimatum by Dathan, who promises not to have Joshua executed if she agrees to it ''and'' tells anyone who asks that it's consensual. Despite [[{{Jerkass}} the type of man Dathan has proven to be thus far]], he keeps his end of the bargain.
** Nefretiri probably saw her marriage to Rameses as this.
* ShoutOut: Moses's hair and beard are patterned after Michelangelo's sculpture in Rome. (Heston later played Michelangelo in ''The Agony and the Ecstasy'')
* ShownTheirWork:
** According to Katherine Orrison, De Mille's biographer and protégé of De Mille's friend Henry Wilcoxon, De Mille did a HUGE amount of research, using not only the Bible, but the Qur'an and various Hebrew traditional texts including the Midrash.
** Rameses II lays his dead son in the arms of an idol he addresses as "Dread Lord of Darkness". The lighting, background music and Brynner's attitude suggest he's praying to some evil guy. Actually, this is Sokar, better known as Seker, the guide of the dead, a kindly disposed deity who is also a form of the risen Osiris [[note]]i.e., an Ancient Egyptian equivalent of ''Jesus Christ''[[/note]] and patron of craftspeople, builders and agriculture. De Mille did the research on this too. Both Seti I and Rameses II had art depicting Seker in their private chambers. He is one of the oldest Egyptian deities.
* SinsOfOurFathers: Rameses I's cruel decree to prevent the Future Deliverer of the Hebrew slave nation from leading his people to freedom by ordering the deaths of all male Hebrew babies born at the time predicted is visited later on his grandson and namesake Rameses II. Not that Rameses II was unwilling to commit his own sin in outdoing his grandfather...
* SmugSnake: Baka and Dathan.
* SoBeautifulItsACurse: Baka the Master Builder lusts after Liliah, leading the other Hebrews to comment about how beauty is a curse, with one saying, "Beauty is but a curse to our women."
* SomethingOnlyTheyWouldSay: Baka realizes that the Hebrew slave is actually Moses when he (Moses) refers to him as the "Master Butcher" -- which Moses has called him before. A little too late, as he said this while he was strangling Baka to death.
* SparedByTheAdaptation: In the Bible and the original film, the Pharaoh/Rameses died when the Red Sea rejoined.
* SpikingTheCamera: Sephorah warns Moses of an intruder nearby; Moses tells Sephorah "Your eyes are sharp as they are beautiful". Yvonne De Carlo responds by staring straight into the camera, ''away'' from where she's just said the danger was.
* StealthInsult: When Moses returns from Ethiopia, Rameses says there is "no need" to tell Moses how happy he is to see him. Why no need? [[SiblingRivalry Because he's not happy to see him.]] Moses obviously understands the diss, [[ActuallyPrettyFunny and is not at all bothered by it.]]
* StubbornMule: One of these appears during the leaving of Egypt. (This can be taken as a symbol of the Hebrew nation's own stubbornness that will cost them 40 years of extra wandering in the desert.)
-->'''Joshua''': Four hundred years in bondage and today he won't move!
* TakeThatKiss: Nefretiri to Ramses and vice versa. An unusual example -- she did it to show how much she loves Moses and hates Rameses. Her voice drips scorn. "Did you think my kiss was a promise of what you will have? No, my pompous one -- it was to show you what you will ''not'' have... I could never love you."
* ATasteOfTheLash: The sound version. Baka intends to kill Joshua this way after Joshua attacks him to free Lilia, but Moses intervenes and kills Baka before he can finish.
* TemptingFate: Nefretiri tells Moses that she loves him and will marry him, and nothing will stop that. A few seconds before he finds a piece of Hebrew cloth that was wrapped around him as a baby.
* ThirstyDesert: Crossed by Moses after being exiled from Egypt. He's given a little bag of food and a little bag of water. He's half-dead by the time he reaches a well, but fortunately not too far gone to fight off a band of marauders.
* ThreatBackfire:
-->'''Rameses:''' Come to me no more, Moses! For on the day you see my face again... You will surely die!
-->'''Moses:''' (deadpan) So let it be written.
* TooDumbToLive:
** The Egyptian army following the fleeing Israelites into the parted sea. Did NOBODY realize that God could (and would) solve that little problem simply by letting things return to normal? (Even if they were all raging atheists, one would not want to tempt fate in jumping into what was clearly a strange phenomena that could have ended at any moment.)
** After ''seeing with their own eyes'' God part the waters of the sea, the Hebrews are quick to question the existence of Him while waiting for Moses to return from Mount Sinai. So they decided to forge a golden idol to worship instead. Bithiah even points this out: "Would a God who's shown you such wonders let Moses die before his work was done?"
* TrueBeautyIsOnTheInside: During Nefretiri's attempt to win back Moses' love, she argues that Sephora is not as attractive as her, but Moses tells her that she fails to understand that there is a beauty of spirit.
* TyrantTakesTheHelm:
** Averted with Sethi, who is a much more reasonable figure than his father Rameses I.
** Rameses succeeding the relatively [[ReasonableAuthorityFigure reasonable]] Sethi.
** Technically averted when Dathan is promoted to governor upon Baka's death -- while he is certainly a BadBoss, he's nowhere near as tyrannical as Baka.
* TheUnfavorite: Rameses is clearly this to Moses as Sethi heaps praise after praise after praise upon his adopted son while leaving Rameses out in the cold. Granted, he's an evil jerk so he brings it on himself.
* {{Unperson}}: Sethi proclaims that Moses' name be erased from every carving, and never be spoken again, after learning that he is the one destined to free the Israelites. So let it be written, so let it be done! [[SubvertedTrope Subverted]] when Sethi, on his deathbed, breaks his own decree and utters Moses' name just before he dies. In ancient Egypt, this was done to ensure that a person would not only disappear from everyday life, but would have no life after death. De Mille biographer Katherine Orrison says that was the very reason Moses' name was spoken so often in the film. It was De Mille's symbolic attempt to ensure the real Moses could enter heaven.
* TheVamp: Nefretiri.
* VillainousBSOD: Ramses, after watching the Red Sea part for the Israelites' escape and then close up again to drown his army, can only return to his court and utter to Nefretiri in blank defeat, "His god... ''is'' God."
* WalkingShirtlessScene: Rameses, Moses and Joshua all have extended shirtless scenes.
* WeHaveReserves: The Egyptians care nothing for the lives of the Hebrew slaves, as there are plenty of others to take their place. When Baka says it's no loss if some old woman gets crushed by the granite blocks, Moses is disgusted and asks "Are you a master builder or a master butcher?"
* WhatNowEnding: Rameses and Nefertiri's story arc ends this way, with the pair alone, defeated, and despondent in the throne room, with no idea what to do next.
* WhateverHappenedToTheMouse: Applies to what happens to several characters in the film, but most notably Aaron and Miriam, who are never seen again in the film again after the Golden Calf incident, but it's sadly apparent that they didn't survive the forty years of extra wandering as punishment for their people's collective sin. Likewise Bithia, although she never took part in the tragedy, and did come over to Moses' side after his return thus escaping God's wrath.
* WhipItGood: Baka sadistically tells Joshua (who he's about to torture) that he can "flick a fly from my horse's ear without breaking its stride." [[HoistByHisOwnPetard Moses then strangles him with it.]]
* WhyAreYouNotMySon: Sethi clearly considers Moses a more worthy successor than his actual son.
* WhyDidYouMakeMeHitYou: Sethi demands to know why Moses is forcing him to punish him.
* WindsAreGhosts: The film depicts the final plague of taking the firstborn sons of the Egyptians as being represented as wind taking the children's souls.
* WomanScorned: Nefretiri becomes this toward the end. She was once betrothed to Moses but now married to Rameses. When Moses returns, Nefretiri puts the moves on him, but is "spurned like a harlot in the street." She decides to get back at him by being the one who hardens Pharaoh's heart. When her son was killed, she wants Moses dead.
* WoobieDestroyerOfWorlds: Rameses II towards the entire Hebrew nation, after the death of his son.
* WorldsMostBeautifulWoman: Nefretiri is considered this when she becomes queen.
* WorthyOpponent: After Rameses returns from a humiliating defeat, he tells Nefretiri:
-->'''Rameses''': His god... ''is'' God.
* WouldHurtAChild:
** Rameses I, if he feels his legacy is being threatened.
** Rameses II, whose plot to kill the Hebrew firstborn results in the Plague of the Firstborn that kills his son.
** God, though He clearly doesn't enjoy it, as delayed Divine Justice on Rameses II for the sin of his grandfather in staging the death of Hebrew male babies. Not that Rameses II was planning to outdo his grandfather.
** The Death Angel, as it is its mission.
* YouAreNotAlone: God's constant assurance to Moses, whenever he has a setback.
* YouCantFightFate: Lampshaded by Yochabel, who warns Bithia that, no matter what, if God has a purpose, Moses will be unable to resist.
* YouFool:
** Memnet does this:
--->'''Memnet:''' You fools! Talk of empty hearts before the Pharoah's daughter.
** Nefretiri later does it in a more teasing way to Moses:
--->'''Nefretiri:''' ...You stubborn, splendid, adorable fool...
----
''[[TheStinger So it was written...so shall it be done.]]''

* NamedByTheAdaptation: The movie names the unnamed Pharaoh of the Literature/BookOfExodus as Rameses.

* BadassBeard: Moses, with the hair to match.

You know the basic tale -- or if you don't, you need either to see this or read [[Literature/BookOfExodus the source material]]. Moses hears the voice of God while out in the wilderness. It ages him about forty years -- hey, the film may be long, but to keep the cast of characters constant, the time in which it takes place is compressed. Moses goes to Rameses to tell him that God wants him to let His people go, or else. "Or else" happens.

** The movie ends with the hebrews reaching Canaan and Moses being unable to set foot in it like in the Book of Exodus. Today we know that Canaan was conquered by Seti I and part of Ramesses II's empire during his 90-year-long reign, which would've made the whole Exodus [[AllForNothing completely moot.]]

Moses (Creator/CharltonHeston) and Rameses (Creator/YulBrynner) are in a LoveTriangle with Nefretiri (Creator/AnneBaxter), whom Moses might have won, had the matter of injustice to Hebrew slaves not come up. Other important characters are, naturally, Pharaoh Sethi (Sir Creator/CedricHardwicke), father of Rameses and adoptive father of Moses; Aaron (Creator/JohnCarradine), Moses' older brother; Baka (Creator/VincentPrice), a brutal slave master; Sephora ([[Series/TheMunsters Yvonne de Carlo]]), daughter of Jethro and Moses's eventual wife; Joshua (John Derek); and Liliah (Debra Paget), the woman Joshua loves--who happens to be the sex slave of the overseer Dathan (Creator/EdwardGRobinson, [[Film/LittleCaesar see?]]).

Moses (Creator/CharltonHeston) and Rameses (Creator/YulBrynner) are in a LoveTriangle with Nefretiri (Creator/AnneBaxter), whom Moses might have won, had the matter of injustice to Hebrew slaves not come up. Other important characters are, naturally, Pharaoh Sethi (Sir Creator/CedricHardwicke), father of Rameses and adoptive father of Moses; Aaron (Creator/JohnCarradine), Moses' older cousin; Baka (Creator/VincentPrice), a brutal slave master; Sephora ([[Series/TheMunsters Yvonne de Carlo]]), daughter of Jethro and Moses's eventual wife; Joshua (John Derek); and Liliah (Debra Paget), the woman Joshua loves--who happens to be the sex slave of the overseer Dathan (Creator/EdwardGRobinson, [[Film/LittleCaesar see?]]).

Moses (Creator/CharltonHeston) and Rameses (Creator/YulBrynner) are in a LoveTriangle with Nefretiri (Creator/AnneBaxter), whom Moses might have won, had the matter of injustice to Hebrew slaves not come up. Other important characters are, naturally, Pharaoh Sethi (Sir Creator/CedricHardwicke), father of Rameses and adoptive father of Moses; Aaron (Creator/JohnCarradine), Moses' older brother; Baka (Creator/VincentPrice), a brutal slave master; Sephora ([[Series/TheMunsters Yvonne de Carlo]]), daughter of Jethro and Moses's eventual wife; Joshua (John Derek); and Liliah (Debra Paget), the woman Joshua loves--who happens to be the sex slave of the overseer Dathan (Creator/EdwardGRobinson, [[Film/LittleCaesar see?]]).

----

** Nefreteri correctly points out to Moses after catching him slumming as a slave in the mudpits that if he goes ahead with revealing his secret and renounce his status, he will break Bithia's and Sethi's hearts, guarantee that his own people will suffer more with Rameses as their next overlord, whom incidentally [[ArrangedMarriage she will have to marry.]]

Moses (Creator/CharltonHeston) and Rameses (Creator/YulBrynner) are in a LoveTriangle with Nefretiri (Creator/AnneBaxter), whom Moses might have won, had the matter of injustice to Hebrew slaves not come up. Other important characters are, naturally, Pharaoh Sethi, the father of Rameses and adoptive father of Moses (Sir Creator/CedricHardwicke); Moses's brother Aaron (Creator/JohnCarradine); Baka (Creator/VincentPrice); Sephora ([[Series/TheMunsters Yvonne de Carlo]]), daughter of Jethro and Moses's eventual wife; Joshua (John Derek); and Liliah (Debra Paget), the woman Joshua loves--who happens to be the sex slave of the overseer Dathan (Creator/EdwardGRobinson, [[Film/LittleCaesar see?]]).

* WhyDoYouMakeMeHitYou: Sethi demands to know why Moses is forcing him to punish him.
* WalkingShirtlessScene: Rameses, Moses and Joshua all have extended shirtless scenes.

** One deliberate case, which falls under RuleOfFunny. In the DVD commentary, they mention that the soldier would have said the Underworld or Hades, but it wouldn't have worked so well.

** Pharaoh Rameses I is proclaimed by Jannes as "Pharoah Rameses I" which he was would not have been addressed in his lifetime. He would only be referred to Rameses I posthumously, after a successor with the same name (Rameses II) take over the throne. Furthermore, the numbering is a modern invention, it was never done by the Egyptian chroniclers of old.
** The Battle of Kadesh is referred to as having been fought by Seti. It had actually been fought by Ramses II.
** A major event of the first act is Seti's jubilee. A jubilee is a celebration of an anniversary for how long a monarch has ruled. The historical Seti ruled for eleven years so wouldn't have qualified for one while in the film, he has supposedly been pharaoh thirty years or close to, which still doesn't qualify for one because a silver jubilee is twenty-five years and a ruby jubilee is forty years, Moses' biblical age when he fled Egypt.

** The movie ends with the hebrews reaching Canaan and Moses being unable to set foot in it like in the Book of Exodus. Today we know that Canaan was conquered by Seti I and part of Ramesses II's empire during his 90-year-long reign, which would've made the whole Exodus [[AllForNothing compltely moot.]]

* BookEnds: At the beginning, a group of beautiful women attends the older princess Bithiah, who takes baby Moses from the water. When Moses is thrown out of Egypt, his name has been erased from their history; by Egyptian standards he is dead. When he gets to Midian, a group of beautiful women repeatedly [[SymbolicBaptism douse him with water]] -- and so he is reborn, and marries the oldset sister.

** The first half of the movie. As the director himself states in his introductory remarks at the start of the film, the Bible skips some 30 years of Moses' life. In Exodus the narrative skips from when Pharoah's daughter retrieves Moses from the water to when Moses kills an Egyptian who is beating one of the Hebrew slaves. [[Creator/CecilBDeMille DeMille]] says that the screenwriters had to rely on other writings through history to flesh out this part of the story.