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** "Scream Montresor all you like, pet." -- Spike to Buffy, referring to the Edgar Allen Poe story ''The Cask of Amontillado''.

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** "Scream Montresor all you like, pet." -- Spike to Buffy, referring to the Edgar Allen Poe story ''The Cask of Amontillado''."Literature/TheCaskOfAmontillado".

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** British TV? [[BritCom British sitcoms]] and odd sketch shows. Also well known for Creator/MontyPython, ''Series/DrWho'' and '''Series/FawltyTowers'' in most countries. Renowned for detective series, mini series and costume dramas.

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** British TV? [[BritCom British sitcoms]] and odd sketch shows. Also well known for Creator/MontyPython, ''Series/DrWho'' ''Series/DoctorWho'' and '''Series/FawltyTowers'' in most countries. Renowned for detective series, mini series and costume dramas.




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* Shows by network:
** A&E's only claim to fame is for giving us ''Series/DuckDynasty.''
** AMC have only ever made two shows: ''Series/BreakingBad'' and ''Series/TheWalkingDead.'' If a third is named, it'll most likely be ''Series/MadMen.''
** FX: a.k.a the home of ''Series/SonsOfAnarchy'' and ''Series/AmericanHorrorStory'', and possibly ''Series/TheShield.''
** HBO's lineup: ''Series/SexAndTheCity'', ''Series/TheSopranos'', ''Series/GameOfThrones''...and that's about it.
** Netflix has given us all of two shows: ''[[Series/HouseOfCardsUS House Of Cards]]'' and ''Series/OrangeIsTheNewBlack''.
** Showtime gave us ''Series/{{Dexter}}'' and pretty much nothing else.
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* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''[[Series/AscensionMiniseries Ascension]]'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].

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* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''[[Series/AscensionMiniseries Ascension]]'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' ''Film/{{M}}'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].
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* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''Series/AscensionMiniseries'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].

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* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''Series/AscensionMiniseries'', ''[[Series/AscensionMiniseries Ascension]]'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None


* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''[[Series/AscensionMiniseries]]'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].

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* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''[[Series/AscensionMiniseries]]'', ''Series/AscensionMiniseries'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].
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Ascension


* Averted in ''Series/TheBigBangTheory''. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.

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* Averted in ''Series/TheBigBangTheory''. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.things.
* In the 2014 SciFiChannel miniseries ''[[Series/AscensionMiniseries]]'', the library of the titular GenerationShip naturally doesn't include any works created after 1963 (the year it was launched). And when [[NumberTwo Executive Officer Gault]] tries to check out a book on police procedures to help investigate a murder, his sister the librarian tells him they didn't think to bring one along. He ends up watching crime movies; the classic film ''[[Film/M]]'' gives him an idea of [[SplashOfColor how to follow one of the suspects]].
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* In most parts of Western Europe outside of the UK the BBC is well known for its TV-documentaries. It is pretty much the only thing that airs on their channel.
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* American sitcoms? The ones that managed to remain remembered are ''Series/ILoveLucy'', ''Series/TheAddamsFamily'', ''Series/TheMunsters'', ''Series/AllInTheFamily'', ''Series/TheCosbyShow'', ''Series/{{Cheers}}'', ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' or ''Series/{{Friends}}''. Others are more remembered for one BreakOutCharacter, like the Fonz (''Series/HappyDays''), Will and Carlton (''Series/TheFreshPrinceOfBelAir'') and Steve Urkel (''Series/FamilyMatters'').

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* American sitcoms? The ones that managed to remain remembered are ''Series/ILoveLucy'', ''Series/TheAddamsFamily'', ''Series/TheMunsters'', ''Series/AllInTheFamily'', ''Series/{{MASH}}'', ''Series/TheCosbyShow'', ''Series/{{Cheers}}'', ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' or ''Series/{{Friends}}''. Others are more remembered for one BreakOutCharacter, like the Fonz (''Series/HappyDays''), Will and Carlton (''Series/TheFreshPrinceOfBelAir'') and Steve Urkel (''Series/FamilyMatters'').



* If a children's show is referenced it'll be ''Series/SesameStreet''. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert & Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters, except maybe Gordon.

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* If a children's show is referenced it'll be ''Series/SesameStreet''. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert & Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters, except maybe Gordon.



** Korean War? ''Series/MASH''.

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** Korean War? ''Series/MASH''.''Series/{{MASH}}''.



* Mystery series/horror series? ''Series/TheTwilightZone'', ''Series/AlfredHitchcockPresents''.

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* Mystery series/horror series? ''Series/TheTwilightZone'', ''Series/AlfredHitchcockPresents''. ''Series/AlfredHitchcockPresents'', ''Series/TwinPeaks''.
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* Favorite feminist show? ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' or ''Series/{{Charmed}}''. Older viewers will tend to mention ''Series/CharliesAngels'' or ''Series/WonderWoman''. It also depends what your definition of ''feminist'' is. If you just mean ''show with some women in it'', well than you can add a lot of programs.

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* Favorite feminist show? ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' or ''Series/{{Charmed}}''. Older viewers will tend to mention ''Series/CharliesAngels'' or ''Series/WonderWoman''. It also depends what your definition of ''feminist'' is. If you just mean ''show with some women in it'', well than then you can add a lot of programs.

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* Favorite feminist show? ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' or ''Series/{{Charmed}}''. Older viewers will tend to mention ''Series/CharliesAngels'' or ''Series/WonderWoman''.
* Favorite sitcom? ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' or ''Series/{{Friends}}''.
* The only science fiction shows were the various ''Franchise/StarTrek'' series. Or perhaps ''Series/DoctorWho''. 95% of the time, it's ''Series/StarTrekTheOriginalSeries'' that gets referenced. ''Series/StarTrekTheNextGeneration'' accounts for the other 5%.
* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater'', the show that made Milton Berle a legend. Or ''Your Show of Shows'', which did much the same for Creator/SidCaesar and company. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Series/MeetThePress'' - launching in 1947 and still going strong today, it's the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.
* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television? [[ComicallyMissingThePoint Yes, they do. Remember France's Julie Lescaut and Germany's Alarm Für Cobra 11? ]]
* If a SoapOpera gets referenced (and isn't a BlandNameProduct) chances are it's DaysOfOurLives.
* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters, except maybe Gordon.

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* Favorite feminist show? ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' or ''Series/{{Charmed}}''. Older viewers will tend to mention ''Series/CharliesAngels'' or ''Series/WonderWoman''.
''Series/WonderWoman''. It also depends what your definition of ''feminist'' is. If you just mean ''show with some women in it'', well than you can add a lot of programs.
* Favorite sitcom? American sitcoms? The ones that managed to remain remembered are ''Series/ILoveLucy'', ''Series/TheAddamsFamily'', ''Series/TheMunsters'', ''Series/AllInTheFamily'', ''Series/TheCosbyShow'', ''Series/{{Cheers}}'', ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' or ''Series/{{Friends}}''.
''Series/{{Friends}}''. Others are more remembered for one BreakOutCharacter, like the Fonz (''Series/HappyDays''), Will and Carlton (''Series/TheFreshPrinceOfBelAir'') and Steve Urkel (''Series/FamilyMatters'').
* British sitcoms? ''Series/DadsArmy'', ''Series/SomeMothersDoAveEm'', ''Series/OnlyFoolsAndHorses'', ''Series/TheYoungOnes'', ''Series/KeepingUpAppearances'', ''Series/AlloAllo'', ''Series/FawltyTowers'', ''Series/AbsolutelyFabulous'' and ''Series/{{Blackadder}}''.
* British sketch shows? ''Series/MontyPythonsFlyingCircus''.
* The only science fiction shows were the various ''Franchise/StarTrek'' series. Or perhaps ''Series/DoctorWho''. 95% of the time, it's ''Series/StarTrekTheOriginalSeries'' that gets referenced. ''Series/StarTrekTheNextGeneration'' accounts for the other 5%.
5%. In the 1990s ''Series/TheXFiles'' would be another point of reference.
* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. This is consequently the only show of the very old ones that is still remembered. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater'', the show that made Milton Berle a legend. Or ''Your Show of Shows'', which did much the same for Creator/SidCaesar and company. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Series/MeetThePress'' - launching in 1947 and still going strong today, it's the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.
* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television? [[ComicallyMissingThePoint Yes, they do. Remember France's Julie Lescaut and Germany's Alarm Für Cobra 11? ]]
* If a SoapOpera gets referenced (and isn't a BlandNameProduct) chances are it's DaysOfOurLives.
Series/DaysOfOurLives. To many however it will be ''Series/{{Dallas}}'' and ''Series/{{Dynasty}}''. ''Series/{{Eastenders}}'' and ''Series/CoronationStreet'' in the UK. ''Series/{{Neighbours}}'' if you need an Australian one.
* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. ''Series/SesameStreet''. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Bert & Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters, except maybe Gordon.
** Consequently the only puppet TV shows that exist are ''Series/SesameStreet'' and ''Series/TheMuppets''. In the UK ''Series/SpittingImage'', but only to who was young in the 1980s and 1990s.
** Other children's shows tend to be more decade oriented. Some do get repeated in syndication, though.
* Costume dramas? Depends on the time period:
** Rome? ''Series/IClaudius'', ''Series/{{Rome}}''.
** Victorian/Edwardian England? ''Series/UpstairsDownstairs''.
** Korean War? ''Series/MASH''.
** Vietnam War? ''Series/TourOfDuty''.
** TV western series? ''Series/{{Bonanza}}'', ''Series/{{Gunsmoke}}''. ''Series/{{Deadwood}}'' to the younger generation.
* TV detective series? ''Series/{{Dragnet}}'', ''Series/{{Columbo}}'', ''Series/InspectorMorse''. Older people may remember ''Series/TheRockfordFiles'', ''Series/{{Kojak}}'' and ''Series/{{Cannon}}''. Germany has ''Series/{{Derrick}}''.
* TV police series? ''Series/Car54WhereAreYou'', ''Series/HillStreetBlues'', ''Series/TheShield''.
* Reality series? ''Series/TheOsbournes''. Everything after that just got worse or didn't manage to remain famous for more than a few years.
* Gangster series? ''Series/TheUntouchables'', ''Series/TheSopranos'',...
* Game and Quiz shows? ''Series/{{Jeopardy}}'', ''Series/WheelOfFortune'', ''Series/{{Mastermind}}''. ''Series/WhoWantsToBeAMillionaire''.
* Trash TV? ''Series/TheJerrySpringerShow'', ''Series/BigBrother'',... : this may be the EASIEST one to fill with references.
* Pop music shows? ''Series/AmericanBandstand'', ''Series/TopOfThePops''.
* Mystery series/horror series? ''Series/TheTwilightZone'', ''Series/AlfredHitchcockPresents''.
* Science shows? ''Series/Mythbusters''.
* Naturally American television will be most recognized and famous across the globe. British TV is close second, followed by Japan (mostly {{Anime}}). Most TV shows from other countries that are broadcast elsewhere are children's shows.
** Australian TV? ''Series/{{Neighbours}}''.
** British TV? [[BritCom British sitcoms]] and odd sketch shows. Also well known for Creator/MontyPython, ''Series/DrWho'' and '''Series/FawltyTowers'' in most countries. Renowned for detective series, mini series and costume dramas.
** Canadian TV? ''Series/{{SCTV}}''.
** German TV? ''Series/{{Derrick}}''
** Japanese TV? Mostly anime, ''Series/IronChef'' and sadistic quiz shows.
** Swedish TV? ''Series/{{Wallander}}'' and other brutal detective series.
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* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater'', the show that made Milton Berle a legend. Or ''Your Show of Shows'', which did much the same for Sid Caesar and company. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Meet the Press'' - launching in 1947 and still going strong today, it's the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.

to:

* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater'', the show that made Milton Berle a legend. Or ''Your Show of Shows'', which did much the same for Sid Caesar Creator/SidCaesar and company. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Meet the Press'' ''Series/MeetThePress'' - launching in 1947 and still going strong today, it's the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None


* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters.

to:

* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters.
characters, except maybe Gordon.
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* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot.

to:

* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot.
lot. There are no human (non-muppet) characters.
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to:

* If a children's show is referenced it'll be SesameStreet. The only Sesame Street characters are Big Bird, Elmo, Bert, Ernie, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Oscar. And sometimes the Count. You won't see Telly, Snuffy, Baby Bear, Zoe, Rosita, Herry, or Abby parodied a lot.

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** [[OddNameOut One of these does not belong]]. Mendelssohn belonged to the Romantic, not the Classical, era.



* Lampshading: In an episode of ''Series/{{Psych}}'', a character refers to Shawn as [[Theatre/{{Othello}} Iago]], to which he responds, "What does the parrot from ''Disney/{{Aladdin}}'' have to do with this?"
** ''Psych'' is an exception to this in general; some of the references will fly over the heads of people not born in the 80's or 90's, since Shawn and Gus are well-versed in more obscure media.

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* ''Series/{{Psych}}'' is an exception to Small References Pools in general; some of the references will fly over the heads of people not born in the 80's or 90's, since Shawn and Gus are well-versed in more obscure media. Lampshading: In an episode of ''Series/{{Psych}}'', episode, a character refers to Shawn as [[Theatre/{{Othello}} Iago]], to which he responds, "What does the parrot from ''Disney/{{Aladdin}}'' have to do with this?"
** ''Psych'' is an exception to this in general; some of the references will fly over the heads of people not born in the 80's or 90's, since Shawn and Gus are well-versed in more obscure media.
this?"



* One ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' episode was based on HaroldPinter's play ''Betrayal''.
* ''Series/{{Angel}}'' flirts with this, albeit occasionally. Perhaps the best example is a quote from Wesley:
-->'''Wesley''': You'd be locked up faster than Lady Hamilton's virtue! [looks at Cordelia]

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* One ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' episode was based on HaroldPinter's Creator/HaroldPinter's play ''Betrayal''.
* ''Series/{{Angel}}'' flirts with this, albeit occasionally. Perhaps the best example is a quote from Wesley:
-->'''Wesley''':
Wesley. (She, naturally, fails to get the reference at all.)
-->'''Wesley:'''
You'd be locked up faster than Lady Hamilton's virtue! [looks at Cordelia]



** She, naturally, fails to get the reference at all.



* ''Series/CriminalMinds'' begins and ends most episodes with a quote, and there is a huge variety in the sources for these quotes. Plus, one episode had the team only able to solve a case because of knowledge of Creator/GeoffreyChaucer's poem ''Parlement of Foules'' and the John Fowles novel ''The Collector''. Then there's all the obscure knowledge Reid spouts on a regular basis...
** Also, the serial killers who are referenced as precedent are usually real-life examples, indicating that [[ShownTheirWork someone did their homework]]. Unfortunately played straight with the psychology they feature on the show, which is one massive example of at best only doing half the research.

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* ''Series/CriminalMinds'' begins and ends most episodes with a quote, and there is a huge variety in the sources for these quotes. Plus, one episode had the team only able to solve a case because of knowledge of Creator/GeoffreyChaucer's poem ''Parlement of Foules'' and the John Fowles novel ''The Collector''. Then there's all the obscure knowledge Reid spouts on a regular basis...
**
basis... Also, the serial killers who are referenced as precedent are usually real-life examples, indicating that [[ShownTheirWork someone did their homework]]. Unfortunately played straight with the psychology they feature on the show, which is one massive example of at best only doing half the research.



** Ted is a big fan of Pablo Neruda. It would be Small Reference Pool in Latin America, but for the States is's something special.

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** Ted is a big fan of Pablo Neruda. It would be Small Reference Pool in Latin America, but for the States is's States, it's something special.



* ''Series/GilmoreGirls'' was rife with obscure music and literary references.

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* ''Series/GilmoreGirls'' was rife with obscure music music, pop-culture and literary references.

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fixing Example Indentation (Doctor Who is already on the list — please pay attention whn editing. Also use Name Space and put work titles in italics). thank you. :-)


* The Old ''Series/DoctorWho'' featured appearances by Robespierre, Catherine de' Medici, Pancho Villa, John Aubrey, George Stephenson, and a UsefulNotes/WorldWarII episode ''without Nazis''. The First Doctor story with Catherine de Medici featured [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Day_massacre The 1572 St. Bartholomew's Eve massacre of Protestants in Paris]].
** And the new one has at least had Madame de Pompadour.

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* In ''Series/DoctorWho'', when they travel to the past, they only hit relatively big events, but a lot of the events are obscure enough that most people only vaguely remember hearing of them in school.
**
The Old ''Series/DoctorWho'' old series featured appearances by Robespierre, Catherine de' Medici, Pancho Villa, John Aubrey, George Stephenson, and a UsefulNotes/WorldWarII episode ''without Nazis''. The First Doctor story with Catherine de Medici featured [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Day_massacre The 1572 St. Bartholomew's Eve massacre of Protestants in Paris]].
** And the new one has at least had Madame de Pompadour.
Paris]].



*** They did this in-universe as well. In "The Unicorn and the Wasp," when they visit Agatha Christie, Donna mentions ''The Murder on the Orient Express'' and Miss Marple. Christie hadn't created either of those yet. The reason the episode was created was because of the [[CoversAlwaysLie distinct]] cover of ''Death in the Clouds'' featuring a giant wasp.

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*** They did this in-universe as well. ** In "The Unicorn and the Wasp," when they visit Agatha Christie, Donna mentions ''The Murder on the Orient Express'' and Miss Marple. Christie hadn't created either of those yet. The reason the episode was created was because of the [[CoversAlwaysLie distinct]] cover of ''Death in the Clouds'' featuring a giant wasp.



* Marcus Cole of ''Series/BabylonFive'' makes reference to Creator/AlexanderPushkin.
* Averted in BigBangTheory. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.
* In DoctorWho, when they travel to the past, they only hit relatively big events, but a lot of the events are obscure enough that most people only vaguely remember hearing of them in school.

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* Marcus Cole of ''Series/BabylonFive'' makes reference to Creator/AlexanderPushkin.
Creator/AlexanderPushkin. Very common in Russia, common in Europe, special in America.
* Averted in BigBangTheory.''Series/TheBigBangTheory''. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.
* In DoctorWho, when they travel to the past, they only hit relatively big events, but a lot of the events are obscure enough that most people only vaguely remember hearing of them in school.
things.
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* Averted in BigBangTheory. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.

to:

* Averted in BigBangTheory. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.things.
* In DoctorWho, when they travel to the past, they only hit relatively big events, but a lot of the events are obscure enough that most people only vaguely remember hearing of them in school.
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* Marcus Cole of ''Series/BabylonFive'' makes reference to Creator/AlexanderPushkin.

to:

* Marcus Cole of ''Series/BabylonFive'' makes reference to Creator/AlexanderPushkin.Creator/AlexanderPushkin.
* Averted in BigBangTheory. While the bigger names are more likely to come up (because they are bigger names), the cast of geeks will reference virtually anything big or small, from the last thirty years of geek culture. Played straight in-universe by Penny, who can only pay attention long enough to absorp the larger things.
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** Robin makes a lot of references to Canadian history, media, etc. that nobody gets.
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* If a SoapOpera gets referenced (and isn't a BlandNameProduct) chances are it's DaysOfOurLives.
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* Reverend Jim from ''{{Taxi}}'' recites the entire first stanza of 'She Walks in Beauty', but when asked who wrote it says that he doesn't know. Some punk spray-painted it on the side of his van.

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* Reverend Jim from ''{{Taxi}}'' ''Series/{{Taxi}}'' recites the entire first stanza of 'She Walks in Beauty', but when asked who wrote it says that he doesn't know. Some punk spray-painted it on the side of his van.
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** And, finally, a historical reference that actually takes ''two episodes spaced three seasons apart'' to complete. Anya has a throwaway line in "Superstar" describing the vengeance wishes she'd enact on wronged women's ex-boyfriends: "I'd wish he was a dog or ugly or in love with President [=McKinley=] or something." Three years later, chastising Anya for going soft, Halfrek says: "You were the single-most hard-core vengeance demon on the roster, and everybody knew it. Do I have to mention Mrs. Czolgosz?" President WilliamMcKinley was assassinated by a man named Leon Czolgosz. Leon Czolgosz never married. Which is probably an even smaller reference pool.

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** And, finally, a historical reference that actually takes ''two episodes spaced three seasons apart'' to complete. Anya has a throwaway line in "Superstar" describing the vengeance wishes she'd enact on wronged women's ex-boyfriends: "I'd wish he was a dog or ugly or in love with President [=McKinley=] or something." Three years later, chastising Anya for going soft, Halfrek says: "You were the single-most hard-core vengeance demon on the roster, and everybody knew it. Do I have to mention Mrs. Czolgosz?" President WilliamMcKinley UsefulNotes/WilliamMcKinley was assassinated by a man named Leon Czolgosz. Leon Czolgosz never married. Which is probably an even smaller reference pool.



* The Old ''Series/DoctorWho'' featured appearances by Robespierre, Catherine de' Medici, Pancho Villa, John Aubrey, George Stephenson, and a WorldWarII episode ''without Nazis''. The First Doctor story with Catherine de Medici featured [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Day_massacre The 1572 St. Bartholomew's Eve massacre of Protestants in Paris]].

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* The Old ''Series/DoctorWho'' featured appearances by Robespierre, Catherine de' Medici, Pancho Villa, John Aubrey, George Stephenson, and a WorldWarII UsefulNotes/WorldWarII episode ''without Nazis''. The First Doctor story with Catherine de Medici featured [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Day_massacre The 1572 St. Bartholomew's Eve massacre of Protestants in Paris]].

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* In ''Series/HowIMetYourMother'', Ted is a big fan of Pablo Neruda.

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* In ''Series/HowIMetYourMother'', ''Series/HowIMetYourMother'':
**
Ted is a big fan of Pablo Neruda.Neruda. It would be Small Reference Pool in Latin America, but for the States is's something special.
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** In-universe: When asked his favorite Bible verse at a very religious household, Ted says, "Whoa, I don't know, how you choose your favorite passage? It's the Bible, there's so many... great... ones in -- that one from ''Film/PulpFiction'' is pretty good..."
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* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television?

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* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television?
television? [[ComicallyMissingThePoint Yes, they do. Remember France's Julie Lescaut and Germany's Alarm Für Cobra 11? ]]
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* Creator/ConanOBrien brings us the [[http://teamcoco.com/video/museum-pop-culture The Museum of Old Pop Culture References]] to help combat this issue.

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* Creator/ConanOBrien brings us the [[http://teamcoco.com/video/museum-pop-culture The Museum of Old Pop Culture References]] to help combat this issue.issue.
* Marcus Cole of ''Series/BabylonFive'' makes reference to Creator/AlexanderPushkin.
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** Lampshaded in an episode of ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer''. Vamps are preying on college freshmen, killing them and stealing everything from their dorms. They have a running contest to see which artist has the most posters: Monet or Klimt. Monet is winning, if only because the only Klimt people have posters of is ''The Kiss''.
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!!Little Reference Pools for TV:


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!!Notable PlayedWith Examples from Live-Action TV:
* For a while in the 80's, the only poet TV characters had ever heard of was Byron. And the only poem he ever wrote was "She walks in beauty like the night..." Which apparently only consisted of that line. Then on an episode of ''KateAndAllie'', a character quotes this line and wrongly attributes it to Keats. The best part? The character in question was a professor of literature.
* Reverend Jim from ''{{Taxi}}'' recites the entire first stanza of 'She Walks in Beauty', but when asked who wrote it says that he doesn't know. Some punk spray-painted it on the side of his van.
* ''Series/TheCosbyShow'': "Cliff, please let the woman sit down, she's been walking a long time".
* Artemus Gordon read 'She Walks in Beauty' on ''Series/TheWildWildWest'' (in the '60s.) The show featured a variety of literary allusions, though they are sometimes anachronistic, like when Dr. Loveless (in the early 1870s) quotes "The Ballad of Reading Gaol" by Oscar Wilde, not written until about the turn of the century.
* Averted in ''Series/GossipGirl'' of all places. Serena Van Der Woodsen in the books would ''never'' have referenced ''Literature/AnnaKarenina'', making the TV show an example of AdaptationExpansion.
* ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' makes numerous obscure literary and historical references. Among them:
** "Stay back or I'll pull a William Burroughs on your leader here." -- Buffy, in "New Moon Rising," threatening to kill the Initiative colonel in "New Moon Rising" by referring to the beat poet who shot and killed his lover in a drunken game of William Tell in 1951. In this example, the [[LampshadeHanging joke]] is that no one gets the reference and Buffy has to explain her threat.
** "Scream Montresor all you like, pet." -- Spike to Buffy, referring to the Edgar Allen Poe story ''The Cask of Amontillado''.
** And, finally, a historical reference that actually takes ''two episodes spaced three seasons apart'' to complete. Anya has a throwaway line in "Superstar" describing the vengeance wishes she'd enact on wronged women's ex-boyfriends: "I'd wish he was a dog or ugly or in love with President [=McKinley=] or something." Three years later, chastising Anya for going soft, Halfrek says: "You were the single-most hard-core vengeance demon on the roster, and everybody knew it. Do I have to mention Mrs. Czolgosz?" President WilliamMcKinley was assassinated by a man named Leon Czolgosz. Leon Czolgosz never married. Which is probably an even smaller reference pool.
** Just before a big battle Buffy gives a rather lackluster pep talk followed by Spike claiming it was "not exactly the St Crispin's Day Speech" which was only understood by Giles, the only other British person there and the only one, except maybe Willow, likely to have read ''Henry V''.
--->'''Giles:''' We few, we merry few.
--->'''Spike:''' We band of buggered.
* ''Series/MontyPythonsFlyingCircus'' and other {{Oxbridge}}-derived comedy. Hands up who had heard of Albrecht Dürer before they watched the German Python episodes? Sure! He's [[WeirdAlEffect that guy that makes colouring pencils]], right? If they have, the only picture he ever made was [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Durer_Young_Hare.jpg The Young Hare]] (and sometimes [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Duerer-Prayer.jpg The Praying Hands]], though that is rarely attributed to him). To be fair, it was made for a German audience, and Germans surely heard of Dürer.
* Not only is ''InspectorMorse'' more than knowledgeable of classical music and opera, so are the writers on the show, leading to the use of works far outside the limits of this trope in the mysteries, and obscure jokes that only viewers with an interest in music will ever get.
* ''Series/{{Blackadder}}'' was full of obscure historical jokes, particularly in the third series.
* The Old ''Series/DoctorWho'' featured appearances by Robespierre, Catherine de' Medici, Pancho Villa, John Aubrey, George Stephenson, and a WorldWarII episode ''without Nazis''. The First Doctor story with Catherine de Medici featured [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Day_massacre The 1572 St. Bartholomew's Eve massacre of Protestants in Paris]].
** And the new one has at least had Madame de Pompadour.
** The episode "Midnight" in the new series 4 has a passenger start chanting a stanza from the poem "Literature/GoblinMarket" by Christina Rossetti.
*** They did this in-universe as well. In "The Unicorn and the Wasp," when they visit Agatha Christie, Donna mentions ''The Murder on the Orient Express'' and Miss Marple. Christie hadn't created either of those yet. The reason the episode was created was because of the [[CoversAlwaysLie distinct]] cover of ''Death in the Clouds'' featuring a giant wasp.
** Rose was once referred to as a "[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_a_Mouse tim'rous beasty]]" in an episode set in Scotland.
** "The Impossible Astronaut"/"Day of the Moon", featuring RichardNixon, only hints at Watergate toward the end, being set near the beginning of Tricky Dick's term.
* While ''Series/MysteryScienceTheater3000'' has plenty of the more common ones, they fit in plenty of less common references, often to the area that they live in.
** As an extreme example, Mike and the bots pile on so many Chicagoland references in the final act of ''Beginning of the End'' that if you aren't familiar with the region you'll probably be bored to tears.
** The ''Theatre/{{Hamlet}}'' episode had lots of increasingly obscure Shakespeare references, including a few cracks about ''seating arrangements at the Globe theater''.
** Servo can't see a frog without making the (Ancient Greek!) frog noise from Aristophanes' ''The Frogs'', and then there was the time (in ''The Deadly Bees'') that Mike said, "This must be the 'bee-loud glade' that [[Creator/WilliamButlerYeats Yeats]] spoke of."
* Hari Seldon (of the {{Foundation}} series) was referenced in ''Series/TheDailyShow'' by Bruce Bueno De Mesquita (2009-09-28).
** Given that Bueno de Mesquita is working to create something he [[NotUsingTheZWord doesn't call psychohistory]], the only possible surprise is that he was on ''Series/TheDailyShow'' at all.
* ''Series/RedDwarf'' includes Rimmer talking about the cream of Earth's classical music: "Why don't you listen to something ''really'' classical, like [[RuleOfThree Mozart, Mendelssohn or Motörhead.]]"
** [[OddNameOut One of these does not belong]]. Mendelssohn belonged to the Romantic, not the Classical, era.
* It's not like many viewers know that much about UrbanLegends anyway but ''Series/{{Supernatural}}'' has devoted itself to doing every single Legend that it can cram in, no matter how known or unknown it is.
* Completely turned on its head by ''Series/{{Lost}}''. Numerous works, especially novels, are explicitly mentioned and many, many more are alluded to. Often being seen on the show [[ColbertBump increases interest in a particular book]].
* ''Series/StargateAtlantis'' takes place in the Pegasus galaxy. And yes, it actually exists. In fact there are two galaxies by that name, one 2.7 million light-years away, the other 3 Mly.
* ''Series/FawltyTowers'': "That's not a racket! That's ''Brahms''! Brahms' Third Racket!"
* ''Franchise/StarTrek'' is pretty bad for this, but will occasionally surprise. The conclusion of one ''[[Series/StarTrekVoyager Voyager]]'' episode prominently featured Dante's ''Vita Nuova''.
* Lampshading: In an episode of ''Series/{{Psych}}'', a character refers to Shawn as [[Theatre/{{Othello}} Iago]], to which he responds, "What does the parrot from ''Disney/{{Aladdin}}'' have to do with this?"
** ''Psych'' is an exception to this in general; some of the references will fly over the heads of people not born in the 80's or 90's, since Shawn and Gus are well-versed in more obscure media.
* Although ''Series/BeakmansWorld'' would a lot of times reference the more famous Famous Dead Guys, quite a few were more obscure. For example, in their segment of the microscope, they skipped using Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (the Father of Microbiology) and went for the more obscure Zacharias Jansen, who though credited with creating the compound microscope is far less well-known than Leeuwenhoek (and the FDG Jansen makes sure the kids know it in no uncertain terms).
* One ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' episode was based on HaroldPinter's play ''Betrayal''.
* ''Series/{{Angel}}'' flirts with this, albeit occasionally. Perhaps the best example is a quote from Wesley:
-->'''Wesley''': You'd be locked up faster than Lady Hamilton's virtue! [looks at Cordelia]
--> My apologies
** She, naturally, fails to get the reference at all.
* Probably the entire point of "game show" ''Series/{{QI}}''.
* The Crane brothers in ''Series/{{Frasier}}'' easily defy this trope, often discussing fine wine and making semi-obscure references to {{opera}} and literature.
* ''Series/CriminalMinds'' begins and ends most episodes with a quote, and there is a huge variety in the sources for these quotes. Plus, one episode had the team only able to solve a case because of knowledge of Creator/GeoffreyChaucer's poem ''Parlement of Foules'' and the John Fowles novel ''The Collector''. Then there's all the obscure knowledge Reid spouts on a regular basis...
** Also, the serial killers who are referenced as precedent are usually real-life examples, indicating that [[ShownTheirWork someone did their homework]]. Unfortunately played straight with the psychology they feature on the show, which is one massive example of at best only doing half the research.
* In ''Series/HowIMetYourMother'', Ted is a big fan of Pablo Neruda.
* This trope is the point of the British GameShow ''Series/{{Pointless}}''. The show's researchers give 100 people a short length of time to name as many things in a certain group as they can (e.g. types of shark, JohnGrisham novels, Clint Eastwood films), and on the show itself, the contestants have to try to score as few points as possible by giving the answers they think none of the research group has said, with answers no-one said landing you an ideal 0 points. Therefore, the larger the reference pools of the contestants, the better they'll do.
* Although ''Series/SheSpies'' tended to go after mostly pop culture, sometimes a slightly more high-brow reference would pop up. In this case, with a bit of LampshadeHanging:
-->'''Cassie:''' It looks like something Kandinsky threw up on. What? Dennis Miller's gone, somebody's got to make pretentious semi-obscure references.
* On ''Series/HomeImprovement'', the well-traveled and learned Wilson constantly referenced the ideas of various philosophers and thinkers, both famous and obscure, and took interest in the odd traditions of obscure cultures. A lot of the humor was derived from Tim, who exemplified MenAreUncultured, reacting to and being confused by Wilson's knowledge.
* Promos for an episode of ''Series/{{Community}}'' made it seem like it was going to be a parody of the more popular ''Film/PulpFiction'' when in reality it was an homage to a more obscure art house film, [[spoiler: ''MyDinnerWithAndre'']].
* ''Series/GilmoreGirls'' was rife with obscure music and literary references.
* Possible example: The 1966 ''Series/{{Batman}}'' episode "The Bookworm Turns (While Gotham City Burns)" features a villain called The Bookworm (Roddy [=McDowall=]), whose crimes are based on book plots. Most of the books referenced are fairly well-known, but at one point Bookworm, having threatened to "blow up" a valuable book, surprises Batman and Robin not by exploding it, but by making a ''much'' larger copy of it. This is [[JustForPun obviously a pun on the "blowing up" of photographs]], and just might be a hidden reference to the Julio Cortazar short story "Blow Up" (on which, yes, the Michelangelo Antonioni film about enlarging a photograph was based). On the other hand, since that story and the movie based on it were not yet widely known when the episode aired, this might be more of a coincidence than a GeniusBonus.
* The very first [[SelfDemonstrating/TheJoker Joker]] episode, "The Joker Is Wild," had the Joker disguising himself as Pagliaccio, the white-faced, sobbing clown of the Leoncavallo opera of the same name. Batman even {{lampshade|Hanging}}d this fact, mentioning to Robin that most people would picture the typical circus archetype when they thought of clowns, and Joker was counting on Batman's knowledge of opera when he sent him a Pagliaccio doll as a clue.
* Creator/ConanOBrien brings us the [[http://teamcoco.com/video/museum-pop-culture The Museum of Old Pop Culture References]] to help combat this issue.
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* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater''. Or ''Your Show of Shows''. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Meet the Press'' - from 1947 and still going, the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.
* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television?

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* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater''. Theater'', the show that made Milton Berle a legend. Or ''Your Show of Shows''.Shows'', which did much the same for Sid Caesar and company. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Meet the Press'' - from launching in 1947 and still going, going strong today, it's the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.
* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television?
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* Favorite feminist show? ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' or ''Series/{{Charmed}}''. Older viewers will tend to mention ''Series/CharliesAngels'' or ''Series/WonderWoman''.
* Favorite sitcom? ''Series/{{Seinfeld}}'' or ''Series/{{Friends}}''.
* The only science fiction shows were the various ''Franchise/StarTrek'' series. Or perhaps ''Series/DoctorWho''. 95% of the time, it's ''Series/StarTrekTheOriginalSeries'' that gets referenced. ''Series/StarTrekTheNextGeneration'' accounts for the other 5%.
* The first show ever aired on television was ''Series/ILoveLucy''. No one seems to remember ''Texaco Star Theater''. Or ''Your Show of Shows''. Or ''Life of Riley''. Or ''The Goldbergs''. Or, for that matter, ''Meet the Press'' - from 1947 and still going, the [[LongRunners longest-running TV show]] of ''any'' kind.
* Any live action television shows that deserve to be watched and followed are American. Maybe British. If you are a fan of SoapOpera, Latin America can get some credit. Do non-English-speaking countries like France or Germany even make their original Live Action TV series? Films, yes, they might have some of those, but television?

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