Halfway through Alien³, Ripley discovers that she's carrying the embryo of a Xenomorph Queen. One way or another, she knows that she's going to die when it rips out of her and at one point even begs Dillon to kill her.
The replicants in Blade Runner have returned to Earth to find a way to extend their four-year lifespan, but it is in vain.
The end of the second Death Note movie and the L spinoff movie relies on this. L managed to write his own name in the Death Note, which gives him exactly 23 days of life but guarantees he can't be killed (even by having his name written in another Death Note) before that. He uses them to keep investigating and working.
Invoked in Dogma. Rufus (played by Chris Rock) reveals that Jesus sent him a message revealing the day he would die. It wound up taking the enjoyment out of his remaining years since he knew they would be up.
Drag Me to Hell — Allison is gypsy-cursed to have her soul dragged to hell in three days.
Eaten Alive! (1976): Harvey and Clara's father has an unnamed terminal illness that has him wanting to find Clara, make sure she's alright, and make amends with her for driving her away from home.
In Florence Foster Jenkins, Florence knows that she's outlived most people with her chronic illness by over 30 years, and resolves to perform at Carnegie Hall regardless of the risks because she might as well make the most of her time. Her pianist gets quite choked up when he realizes that she carries her will with her at all times.
In Grand Hotel, Otto Kringelein, a meek accountant, after discovering that he has a terminal illness, spends all the money he saved to spend the end of his life in luxury in the eponymous hotel.
Connor and Heather in Highlander, and all immortal/mortal love stories since, as the character says: "You are all dying. Twenty years, six months, what's the difference?"
Also presumably the reason why the Kurgan avoids killing mortals through the movie. Not Candy the sex worker. Not the vigilante guy who shot him with an Uzi. Not even poor Heather after he raped her back in 1542. He's a hedonistic psychopath with an immortal lifespan, so it makes sense he associates so little with mortal humans that he sees no functional difference between killing them and leaving them to live out their years, plus he avoids problems with the authorities this way.
In Ikiru, Kanji Watanabe learns he has fatal stomach cancer and spends his last days trying to find meaning in his formerly pointless life.
In Time mainly based on this. To put bluntly, everyone is allowed to live until 25 without an issue, but they are only given a year before they die instantly upon the time on their forearm is up. They can add more time in order to live, but there is a cost for living and mind you... time is the currency.
The main character of Joe Versus the Volcano is told by the doctor that he's got X days to live, and then some rich guy offers to let him live the rest of his life (what little there is) in luxury, if he will, in return, jump into a volcano and thus mollify some volcano-god-type who's been getting in the way of his Tropical Island mining project. This is actually a subversion, since in the end it turns out that the doctor had been bribed by the rich guy, and had lied to Joe so that the guy could get the human sacrifice he needed.
In the first act of Kate the protagonist is poisoned and warned by a doctor she has 24 hours to live, which incites her to the action of the rest of the movie.
Krull: The cyclopes once had two eyes, but they bartered away their second eye to the Beast in order to see the future. The Beast instead tricked them, and the only future they can see is the time of their own death.
In Lacombe, Lucien, which is about a teenaged boy working for the French Gestapo in June 1944, this hangs thick in the air. The protagonist is too dumb to realize this, even when his girlfriend tells him directly, but most of his fellow collaborators are quite obviously nervous about what's about to happen.
The Living Wake's main character, K. Roth, begins the film knowing he's going to die at 7:33 PM that night. The film then chronicles the last day of his life.
The entire premise of Logan's Run, a dystopian future Sci-Fi in which the population issue is addressed by mandating that everyone dies on reaching the age of 30.
Looper: Any Looper who survives until 2074 will be sent back in time to be killed by his younger self, terminating his contract. The way a Looper will know if their loop has been closed is that their victim's body has a gold bar attached to it rather than a silver bar. At that point, they have exactly 30 years left to live.
Joe:[voiceover] There's a reason we're called Loopers. When we sign up for this job, taking out the future's garbage, we also agree to a very specific proviso. Time travel in the future is so illegal that when our employers want to close our contracts, they'll also want to erase any trace of their relationship with us ever existing. So if we're still alive thirty years from now, they'll find our older self, zap him back to us, and we'll kill him like any other job. This is called "closing your loop." You get a golden payday, a handshake, and you get released from your contract. Enjoy the next thirty years. This job doesn't tend to attract the most forward-thinking people.
M Ore Than Ever: The protagonist Hélène is a woman with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis that may or may not be terminal (her only longterm option is a lung transplant). She resents how everyone perceives her as delicate, to the point that her mom can't get through a video call without crying and her friend doesn't even want to tell her she's pregnant. She also rejects her husband's optimism about her prognosis and instead sets about trying to die well.
Night of the Demon — Cult leader Julian Carswell informs Dr. Holden (who is seeking to publicly debunk him) his death will fall on a specific date, thanks to a curse he's cast.
In Nine Days of One Year, a nuclear research scientist absorbs a fatal dose of 800 roentgen of radiation. While sitting in the hospital, he comments on how odd it is that he knows he's about to die, while feeling perfectly fine.
No Escape (1994): The Father has progressive Hodgkin's Disease and no way to treat it, which will kill him in two months. This is why 1) he is trying to find a good successor and 2) he has no interest in escaping himself.
In Off the Black, Ray is suffering from an unspecified ailment implied to be the result of his service in Vietnam dropping Agent Orange on the forests.
Shortened to two days by the presumably more impatient, or possibly more merciful, spirit in One Missed Call.
Both of the Star-Crossed Lovers in One Way Passage. Dan is being taken from Shanghai to San Francisco by boat to meet a date with the executioner in San Quentin. He's looking for a chance to escape, but Joan, the beautiful socialite he falls in love with, isn't going to be escaping from her terminal illness.
In Return with Honor, Rowe believes that God has told him that he has 60 days to live and teach the gospel to his mother, but because of a Prophecy Twist it's actually his mother who has 60 days to live.
Tabitha: Seven days. Cindy: Seven days. Oh, my God. I'm gonna die next Monday? Tabitha: Yes. No. Wait. Monday. That would be seven business days. This is seven days starting now. Cindy: So seven days to this very hour? My watch broke. How am I gonna know the exact hour? Tabitha: Forget hours. This day seven days from now. Cindy: But there's a holiday coming up. Do you count the holiday? Tabitha: Well, that depends. What holiday? Cindy: Martin Luther King Day. Tabitha: Then no. Cindy: Why not? Everybody at work is taking it off. Tabitha: Jesus Christ, lady. I'm giving you seven friggin' days. I can come over now and kill the shit out of you if you'd rather have that.
The Shootist is about an aging gunfighter (John Wayne) who discovers he's dying of cancer at the dawn of the 20th century and has only weeks to live. Eerily, after making the film Wayne was diagnosed with stomach cancer and died, making The Shootist his last picture.
T He Viral Factor: The protagonist, Jon, has two weeks remaining after a betrayal in the Action Prologue which kills his fiancee also left behind a bullet in his cranium that's slowly killing him.
The World Is Not Enough: Renard is a terrorist who is hopelessly in love with Elektra King and he's got a bullet lodged in his brain that's migrating, preventing him from feeling pain, but it's only a matter of time before it kills him.
Subverted in the Filipino film Seven Sundays where Manuel is diagnosed with lung cancer right on his birthday and is told to have two to five months to live, later in the film reveals Manuel recieving a call that he got misdiagnosed and he simply got tuberculosis, he does not disclose this news to his children (who are now adults) in fear of leaving him again, spending a few more sundays, one evening,Dex overhears his father and Jun about the middle's true medical condition while confronting Cha, leading into a big sibling fight., the ending of the movie is suprisingly happy however.
