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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[ValuesDissonance differing cultural attitudes]], {{realpolitik}}, and so on. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of differing interpretations, [[ValuesDissonance differing cultural attitudes]], norms]], {{realpolitik}}, and so on. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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12. '''Anti-Religious''': The idea that religion ultimately serves the interests of the rich and powerful because it teaches the poorest in societies to be happy with their lot and not cause trouble for the wealthy. The example used by Marx was the strongly monarchist bent of the French Catholic Church pre-UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. This opposition to religion in general terms runs a gamut from actively try to stamp out religion and the religious, to moderate secularism, depending on the country and who was in charge. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_socialism Religious socialists]] ditch it altogether (obviously). Although many strains of communist/socialist thought are explicitly anti-religious, it should be noted that there are schools of Christian Socialism, Muslim Socialism, Buddhist Socialism, Native, Pagan, Wiccan... Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., for example, couldn't get on board with the USSR because he was convinced it was anti-Christian (though this wasn't always the case, as Stalin, a former seminary student in training to become an Orthodox priest, had allied with the Orthodox church), but was staunchly anti-capitalist and made public statements any socialist could easily agree with.
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12. '''Anti-Religious''': The idea that religion ultimately serves the interests of the rich and powerful because it teaches the poorest in societies to be happy with their lot and not cause trouble for the wealthy. The example used by Marx was the strongly monarchist bent of the French Catholic Church pre-UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. This opposition to religion in general terms runs a gamut from governments actively try to stamp stamping out religion and the religious, religious to moderate secularism, depending on the country and who was in charge. And obviously, [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_socialism Religious socialists]] ditch it altogether (obviously).this altogether. Although many strains of communist/socialist thought are explicitly anti-religious, it should be noted that there are schools of Christian Socialism, Muslim Socialism, Buddhist Socialism, Native, Pagan, Wiccan... Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., for example, couldn't get on board with the USSR because he was convinced it was anti-Christian (though this wasn't always the case, as Stalin, a former seminary student in training to become an Orthodox priest, had allied with the Orthodox church), but was staunchly anti-capitalist and made public statements any socialist could easily agree with.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[ValuesDissonance differing cultural attitudes]], {{realpolitik}}, etc. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[ValuesDissonance differing cultural attitudes]], {{realpolitik}}, etc.and so on. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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12. '''Anti-Religious''': The idea that religion ultimately serves the interests of the rich and powerful because it teaches the poorest in societies to be happy with their lot and not cause trouble for the wealthy. The example used by Marx was the strongly monarchist bent of the French Catholic Church pre-UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. This opposition to religion in general terms runs a gamut from the "militant atheism" of the USSR, UsefulNotes/NorthKorea, and China (i.e, actively try to stamp out religion and the religious) to moderate secularism. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_socialism Religious socialists]] ditch it altogether (obviously). Although many strains of communist/socialist thought are explicitly anti-religious, it should be noted that there are schools of Christian Socialism, Muslim Socialism, Buddhist Socialism, Native, Pagan, Wiccan... Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., for example, couldn't get on board with the USSR because he was convinced it was anti-Christian (though by his time Stalin, a former seminary student in training to become an Orthodox priest, had allied with the Orthodox church), but was staunchly anti-capitalist and made public statements any socialist could easily agree with.
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12. '''Anti-Religious''': The idea that religion ultimately serves the interests of the rich and powerful because it teaches the poorest in societies to be happy with their lot and not cause trouble for the wealthy. The example used by Marx was the strongly monarchist bent of the French Catholic Church pre-UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. This opposition to religion in general terms runs a gamut from the "militant atheism" of the USSR, UsefulNotes/NorthKorea, and China (i.e, actively try to stamp out religion and the religious) religious, to moderate secularism.secularism, depending on the country and who was in charge. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_socialism Religious socialists]] ditch it altogether (obviously). Although many strains of communist/socialist thought are explicitly anti-religious, it should be noted that there are schools of Christian Socialism, Muslim Socialism, Buddhist Socialism, Native, Pagan, Wiccan... Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., for example, couldn't get on board with the USSR because he was convinced it was anti-Christian (though by his time this wasn't always the case, as Stalin, a former seminary student in training to become an Orthodox priest, had allied with the Orthodox church), but was staunchly anti-capitalist and made public statements any socialist could easily agree with.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]], {{realpolitik}}, etc. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[ValuesDissonance differing cultural attitudes]], {{realpolitik}}, etc. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of differing interpretations, [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]], and {{realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of differing interpretations, [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]], and {{realpolitik}}.{{realpolitik}}, etc. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[WeAreStrugglingTogether differing interpretations]], [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]] and {{realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[WeAreStrugglingTogether differing interpretations]], interpretations, [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]] attitudes]], and {{realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of differing interpretations, [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of [[WeAreStrugglingTogether differing interpretations, interpretations]], [[ValuesDissonance cultural attitudes]] and {{Realpolitik}}.{{realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst {{culture|clash}}s[[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. differing interpretations, [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst {{culture|clash}}s[[/note]] cultural attitudes]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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** '''Classical Liberalism''' or '''Laissez-Faire Liberalism''': This is the liberalism that developed as a response to the feudalist and mercantile systems that predated them, the liberalism of John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Alexis de Tocqueville. They were arguing in favor of a radically different society, one in which, hypothetically, social and economic mobility was possible. It was still a deeply eugenical worldview, albeit one in which the term "eugenics" had not yet been developed. Instead of breeding necessarily producing the best people (feudalism), they felt that sometimes "good" people (eugenes) would be produced among the poor and some times "bad" people would be produced among the wealthy (malgenes) and should be allowed to rise or fall as they proved their worth. They felt this worth would be demonstrated by material wealth produced in the market, and were either ignorant of or deliberately ignored the effects of inherited wealth. They produced copious propaganda (as did their opponents in the aristocracy) to try and win the people to their side during the multiple revolutions (the Glorious Revolution, the American Revolution, the French Revolution, etc.) that convulsed Western Europe, wherein they made many promises toward liberty, equality, and fraternity. In the writings meant only to be read by their fellow liberals... they made it clear these promises were a veneer. All they cared about was a government that secured the property rights of the wealthy, and all others were secondary promises that could, and would, [[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIiM46fp-hU9T9hsdwcll7MF-91ezzuK8 be discarded as necessary to protect their wealth.]]
** '''Embedded Liberalism''': After a few centuries of development, it became clear that liberal capitalism was an unstable machine governed by positive feedback mechanisms. When things started to go well, money got poured in until everything was spiraling out of control and it collapsed. When it started to collapse, all the money got pulled out and everything froze solid. Boom and bust. This reached its apotheosis with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929 the Wall Street Crash of 1929]] and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression the Great Depression]]. In response, Franklin Delano Roosevelt of Connecticut and his economic advisor John Maynard Keynes proposed an alternative: the government is a necessary entity in the maintenance of the capitalist system. In order to prevent short-sighted actors, whether bankers or factory owners, from running wildly out of control, the government must institute controls. The government doesn't just passively provide roads, canals, and land for railroads, but actively intervenes in the economy to prevent both wild surges of activity and extreme depressions of inactivity. Particularly, the government must enact massive programs to protect the broad masses of the population from the disasters that can result from corporate/bank overreach. "When banks fail, it's not bankers who starve". There's a reason FDR was elected to four consecutive terms. There's also a reason that, in his fourteen years in office, the economy saw nothing but recovery, bar the two years that Republicans briefly won control of congress and successfully tanked his programs, to everyone's detriment.
** '''Neoliberalism:''' The flaw in FDR's and Keynes's scheme is that it relies on rich people to believe that it's better to shear the sheep today and sheer the sheep tomorrow instead of butchering it today and then stealing someone else's sheep. In the 1950s, wealthy Americans discovered the power of the Think Tank, and of paying universities lots of money to hire new professors of economics selected by those millionaires (now billionaires). Schools of Economics rapidly transformed into first right wing then far right wing propaganda mills, with only the occasional outlier, like [[https://www.newschool.edu/ The New School]] remaining somewhat free to publish uninfluenced research. Combining this with Richard Nixon's [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_strategy Southern Strategy]], which blended the southern Klan with the the neo-Nazis of the rest of the US and the wealth of far right wing m/billionaires... the US had a party dedicated to corporate wealth whose voting base didn't care who got rich so long as the right people got hurt and a donor base that didn't care who got hurt so long as the right people got rich. From Nixon, to Reagan and Thatcher, to Newt Gingrich, to Tony Blair and Bill Clinton, the Imperial Core was forever transformed. The heartland is no longer the place where production is performed, it's the place where the banks control the colonies. Slave labor mines the minerals and works in sweatshops, while cheap, finished goods are transported to the motherland so the maids, tutors, and uber drivers can enjoy wealth at 1.2 on a 10 point scale.
** '''Embedded Liberalism''': After a few centuries of development, it became clear that liberal capitalism was an unstable machine governed by positive feedback mechanisms. When things started to go well, money got poured in until everything was spiraling out of control and it collapsed. When it started to collapse, all the money got pulled out and everything froze solid. Boom and bust. This reached its apotheosis with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929 the Wall Street Crash of 1929]] and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression the Great Depression]]. In response, Franklin Delano Roosevelt of Connecticut and his economic advisor John Maynard Keynes proposed an alternative: the government is a necessary entity in the maintenance of the capitalist system. In order to prevent short-sighted actors, whether bankers or factory owners, from running wildly out of control, the government must institute controls. The government doesn't just passively provide roads, canals, and land for railroads, but actively intervenes in the economy to prevent both wild surges of activity and extreme depressions of inactivity. Particularly, the government must enact massive programs to protect the broad masses of the population from the disasters that can result from corporate/bank overreach. "When banks fail, it's not bankers who starve". There's a reason FDR was elected to four consecutive terms. There's also a reason that, in his fourteen years in office, the economy saw nothing but recovery, bar the two years that Republicans briefly won control of congress and successfully tanked his programs, to everyone's detriment.
** '''Neoliberalism:''' The flaw in FDR's and Keynes's scheme is that it relies on rich people to believe that it's better to shear the sheep today and sheer the sheep tomorrow instead of butchering it today and then stealing someone else's sheep. In the 1950s, wealthy Americans discovered the power of the Think Tank, and of paying universities lots of money to hire new professors of economics selected by those millionaires (now billionaires). Schools of Economics rapidly transformed into first right wing then far right wing propaganda mills, with only the occasional outlier, like [[https://www.newschool.edu/ The New School]] remaining somewhat free to publish uninfluenced research. Combining this with Richard Nixon's [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_strategy Southern Strategy]], which blended the southern Klan with the the neo-Nazis of the rest of the US and the wealth of far right wing m/billionaires... the US had a party dedicated to corporate wealth whose voting base didn't care who got rich so long as the right people got hurt and a donor base that didn't care who got hurt so long as the right people got rich. From Nixon, to Reagan and Thatcher, to Newt Gingrich, to Tony Blair and Bill Clinton, the Imperial Core was forever transformed. The heartland is no longer the place where production is performed, it's the place where the banks control the colonies. Slave labor mines the minerals and works in sweatshops, while cheap, finished goods are transported to the motherland so the maids, tutors, and uber drivers can enjoy wealth at 1.2 on a 10 point scale.
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* '''Utopian socialism''': A 19th-century socialism developed by thinkers such as Saint-Simon. Belief in idyllic, small communities usually. Historical examples of the ''kind of thing'' utopian socialists aim for would be the ''ashram'' hermitages of India (most famously UsefulNotes/MahatmaGandhi's Sabarmati Ashram) or the early ''kibbutzim'' of British Mandate Palestine and later Israel.
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* '''Utopian socialism''': A 19th-century late-18th/early-19th-century socialism developed by thinkers such as Saint-Simon. Belief in idyllic, small communities usually. Historical examples of the ''kind of thing'' utopian socialists aim for would be the ''ashram'' hermitages of India (most famously UsefulNotes/MahatmaGandhi's Sabarmati Ashram) or the early ''kibbutzim'' of British Mandate Palestine and later Israel.
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* '''Libertarian Socialism''': A form of revolutionary socialism that advocates the dismantling of the state and capitalism in favour of a horizontal society with decisions made through consensus democracy. It serves as more of a collection of ideas, ranging from Anarchism to certain forms of Marxism and Communism.
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* '''Libertarian Socialism''': A form of revolutionary socialism that advocates the dismantling of the state and capitalism in favour of a horizontal society with decisions made through consensus democracy. It serves as more of a collection of ideas, ranging from Anarchism to certain forms of Marxism and Communism. If you're confused how the term "libertarian" can be applied to communism and to the far right wing nutjobs who think Barry Goldwater wasn't small-government enough... The far right loves to appropriate and pervert vocabulary. Murray Rothbard was particularly proud of himself for stealing the label "libertarian" from the left and applying it to a far right ideology. The difference is profound: the left wants to remove authority and give it to the people (methods differ); the right wants to remove it from the government and give it to corporations.
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"Democratic Socialism" ''used'' to fill this role. Particularly in Germany in the years before and during the first world war, Democratic Socialists were the largest communist party. However, a complicated history wherein the leaders of the party became comfortable with the wealth and power that came with their position and the genocidal response of the far right faction in the military when Germany lost the war led to the death and destruction of the communists in Germany (and to a lesser extent France and Britain) and the name became denigrated, viewed by communists as something akin to college kids wearing a Che Guevara t-shirt.
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"Democratic Socialism" ''used'' to fill this role. Particularly in Germany in the years before and during the first world war, Democratic Socialists were the largest communist party. However, a complicated history wherein the leaders of the party became comfortable with the wealth and power that came with their position and the genocidal response of the far right faction in the military when Germany lost the war led to the death and destruction of the communists in Germany (and to a lesser extent France and Britain) and the name became denigrated, viewed by communists as something akin to college kids wearing a Che Guevara t-shirt.\\
On the political spectrum, where "left" means communist and "right" means "anyone who supports capitalism or authoritarianism", "democratic socialist" is just left of center (where US democrats think Bernie Sanders is) and "social democrat" means just right of center (where Bernie Sanders actually is).
On the political spectrum, where "left" means communist and "right" means "anyone who supports capitalism or authoritarianism", "democratic socialist" is just left of center (where US democrats think Bernie Sanders is) and "social democrat" means just right of center (where Bernie Sanders actually is).
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7. '''Humans as Creative Producers''': This can be part of the critique of capitalism; the stultifying nature of working in a factory alienates people from their creative nature.
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7. '''Humans as Creative Producers''': This can be part of the critique of capitalism; the stultifying nature of working in a factory alienates people from their creative nature.
nature. In fact, this is one of the greatest misunderstandings of a surface-level reading of Marx. When he spoke of "alienation", he wasn't speaking of the isolation and ennui that is produced by the atomization of society (which began not in the 1950s, but in the 1850s). He was talking about the fact that assembly line production, breaking down production into discrete steps, each of which is performed robotically by a single worker, alienates the worker from the final product. They are separated, or made foreign, and thus lose the care and connection of an artisan who creates every piece of the product and constructs it as a whole. Turn it around and you get what we see in modern arts and crafts as hobbies, where people find fulfillment in artistic creation and in handmade projects.
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9. '''Social Ownership of the Means of Production''': Marx, writing at the time of the Industrial Revolution, argued that the injustice of capitalism stemmed from the anti-social minority ownership of the means of production. ''Very'' simplified: Why is it fair that the workers do all the work, but the bourgeois get the profits just because they own the factories? Socialists seek to alleviate this claimed injustice either through social mobility, redistributive taxation, and increased workers' participation with social democracy, or expropriation (violent or otherwise) with other strands. The ultimate end is collective ownership of the means of production; such as through a bureaucratic state (Soviet Communism) or associations of free producers (Marx himself, anarchism).
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9. '''Social Ownership of the Means of Production''': Marx, writing at the time of the Industrial Revolution, argued that the injustice of capitalism stemmed from the anti-social minority ownership of the means of production. ''Very'' simplified: Why is it fair that the workers do all the work, but the bourgeois get the profits just because they own the factories? Socialists seek to alleviate this claimed injustice either through social mobility, redistributive taxation, and increased workers' participation with social democracy, or expropriation (violent or otherwise) with other strands. The ultimate end is collective ownership of the means of production; such as through a bureaucratic state (Soviet Communism) or associations of free producers (Marx himself, anarchism).
anarchism). In the current era, this is becoming more confused with businesses like Google (Alphabet), Patreon, and Uber, where the people skimming profits are doing so by owning and controlling far more intangible assets than a factory. Instead they manage access to information.
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12. '''Anti-Religious''': The idea that religion ultimately serves the interests of the rich and powerful because it teaches the poorest in societies to be happy with their lot and not cause trouble for the wealthy. The example used by Marx was the strongly monarchist bent of the French Catholic Church pre-UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. This opposition to religion in general terms runs a gamut from the "militant atheism" of the USSR, UsefulNotes/NorthKorea, and China (i.e, actively try to stamp out religion and the religious) to moderate secularism. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_socialism Religious socialists]] ditch it altogether (obviously).
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12. '''Anti-Religious''': The idea that religion ultimately serves the interests of the rich and powerful because it teaches the poorest in societies to be happy with their lot and not cause trouble for the wealthy. The example used by Marx was the strongly monarchist bent of the French Catholic Church pre-UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. This opposition to religion in general terms runs a gamut from the "militant atheism" of the USSR, UsefulNotes/NorthKorea, and China (i.e, actively try to stamp out religion and the religious) to moderate secularism. [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_socialism Religious socialists]] ditch it altogether (obviously).
(obviously). Although many strains of communist/socialist thought are explicitly anti-religious, it should be noted that there are schools of Christian Socialism, Muslim Socialism, Buddhist Socialism, Native, Pagan, Wiccan... Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., for example, couldn't get on board with the USSR because he was convinced it was anti-Christian (though by his time Stalin, a former seminary student in training to become an Orthodox priest, had allied with the Orthodox church), but was staunchly anti-capitalist and made public statements any socialist could easily agree with.
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* '''State Socialism''': A strain that emphasizes government ownership of industry and central planning. The difference between this and Leninism being that State Socialism is often practiced in democratic countries. A good if debatable example would be post-war Britain, especially under Clement Atlee. There is a fine line between this and Social Democracy.
* '''Social Democracy''': [[JustForFun/IThoughtItMeant Not to be confused with Democratic Socialism]], which is a Socialist system with Democracy, Social Democracy is a more moderate stepping stone to socialism that seeks to use democratic rather than revolutionary means to achieve its goals. It advocates policies such as full employment and the right to work, the welfare state, and ensuring some equality of outcome through redistribution of wealth. Examples of this form include Postwar Consensus politics in Britain and the Nordic model in Scandinavia. The main difference with State Socialism is that, while the values of Socialism are there, modern Social Democracy actually has no interest in reforming Capitalism into Socialism but rather updating and modifying the Capitalist model to create a more equitable society, making its status as a ''Socialist'' ideology hotly debated. Worth noting that in Europe, where it is most popular, Social Democracy parties independent of the major Socialists groups still caucus with those socialists in domestic legislatures, and are usually members of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats]], which is itself under the blanket of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists Party of European Socialists]] in the European Parliament. Worldwide, they also typically belong to the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_International Socialist International]] and the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance Progressive Alliance]]. Most modern socialist parties in practice adhere to some version of social democracy while in power, keeping some form of market economy. Still, how "socialist" social democracy actually is is controversial with more radical socialists, especially after the neoliberal, pro-deregulation, pro-austerity turn social democratic parties have taken since the '80s.
* '''Social Democracy''': [[JustForFun/IThoughtItMeant Not to be confused with Democratic Socialism]], which is a Socialist system with Democracy, Social Democracy is a more moderate stepping stone to socialism that seeks to use democratic rather than revolutionary means to achieve its goals. It advocates policies such as full employment and the right to work, the welfare state, and ensuring some equality of outcome through redistribution of wealth. Examples of this form include Postwar Consensus politics in Britain and the Nordic model in Scandinavia. The main difference with State Socialism is that, while the values of Socialism are there, modern Social Democracy actually has no interest in reforming Capitalism into Socialism but rather updating and modifying the Capitalist model to create a more equitable society, making its status as a ''Socialist'' ideology hotly debated. Worth noting that in Europe, where it is most popular, Social Democracy parties independent of the major Socialists groups still caucus with those socialists in domestic legislatures, and are usually members of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats]], which is itself under the blanket of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists Party of European Socialists]] in the European Parliament. Worldwide, they also typically belong to the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_International Socialist International]] and the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance Progressive Alliance]]. Most modern socialist parties in practice adhere to some version of social democracy while in power, keeping some form of market economy. Still, how "socialist" social democracy actually is is controversial with more radical socialists, especially after the neoliberal, pro-deregulation, pro-austerity turn social democratic parties have taken since the '80s.
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* '''State Socialism''': A strain that emphasizes government ownership of industry and central planning. The difference between this and Leninism being that State Socialism is often practiced in democratic countries. A good if debatable example would be post-war Britain, especially under Clement Atlee. There is a fine line between this and Social Democracy.
Democracy. Lenin, Stalin, and other State Socialists typically stress that this is a transitional state between capitalist empire and a future stateless communist global community.
* '''Social Democracy''': [[JustForFun/IThoughtItMeant Not to be confused with Democratic Socialism]], which is a Socialist system with Democracy, Social Democracy is a more moderate stepping stone to socialism that seeks to use democratic rather than revolutionary means to achieve its goals. It advocates policies such as full employment and the right to work, the welfare state, and ensuring some equality of outcome through redistribution of wealth. Examples of this form include Postwar Consensus politics in Britain and the Nordic model in Scandinavia. The main difference with State Socialism is that, while the values of Socialism are there, modern Social Democracy actually has no interest in reforming Capitalism into Socialism but rather updating and modifying the Capitalist model to create a more equitable society, making its status as a ''Socialist'' ideology hotly debated. Worth noting that in Europe, where it is most popular, Social Democracy parties independent of the major Socialists groups still caucus with those socialists in domestic legislatures, and are usually members of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats]], which is itself under the blanket of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists Party of European Socialists]] in the European Parliament. Worldwide, they also typically belong to the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_International Socialist International]] and the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance Progressive Alliance]]. Most modern socialist parties in practice adhere to some version of social democracy while in power, keeping some form of market economy. Still, how "socialist" social democracy actually is is controversial with more radical socialists, especially after the neoliberal, pro-deregulation, pro-austerity turn social democratic parties have taken since the '80s.\\
"Democratic Socialism" ''used'' to fill this role. Particularly in Germany in the years before and during the first world war, Democratic Socialists were the largest communist party. However, a complicated history wherein the leaders of the party became comfortable with the wealth and power that came with their position and the genocidal response of the far right faction in the military when Germany lost the war led to the death and destruction of the communists in Germany (and to a lesser extent France and Britain) and the name became denigrated, viewed by communists as something akin to college kids wearing a Che Guevara t-shirt.
* '''Social Democracy''': [[JustForFun/IThoughtItMeant Not to be confused with Democratic Socialism]], which is a Socialist system with Democracy, Social Democracy is a more moderate stepping stone to socialism that seeks to use democratic rather than revolutionary means to achieve its goals. It advocates policies such as full employment and the right to work, the welfare state, and ensuring some equality of outcome through redistribution of wealth. Examples of this form include Postwar Consensus politics in Britain and the Nordic model in Scandinavia. The main difference with State Socialism is that, while the values of Socialism are there, modern Social Democracy actually has no interest in reforming Capitalism into Socialism but rather updating and modifying the Capitalist model to create a more equitable society, making its status as a ''Socialist'' ideology hotly debated. Worth noting that in Europe, where it is most popular, Social Democracy parties independent of the major Socialists groups still caucus with those socialists in domestic legislatures, and are usually members of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats]], which is itself under the blanket of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists Party of European Socialists]] in the European Parliament. Worldwide, they also typically belong to the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_International Socialist International]] and the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_Alliance Progressive Alliance]]. Most modern socialist parties in practice adhere to some version of social democracy while in power, keeping some form of market economy. Still, how "socialist" social democracy actually is is controversial with more radical socialists, especially after the neoliberal, pro-deregulation, pro-austerity turn social democratic parties have taken since the '80s.\\
"Democratic Socialism" ''used'' to fill this role. Particularly in Germany in the years before and during the first world war, Democratic Socialists were the largest communist party. However, a complicated history wherein the leaders of the party became comfortable with the wealth and power that came with their position and the genocidal response of the far right faction in the military when Germany lost the war led to the death and destruction of the communists in Germany (and to a lesser extent France and Britain) and the name became denigrated, viewed by communists as something akin to college kids wearing a Che Guevara t-shirt.
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On the one hand, those who seek change by convincing people and bringing gradual change recognize the very real danger of revolutionary movements: there's no guarantee that the good guys will win the war. On the other, advocates of revolution point out that "democratic" societies aren't particularly responsive to the actual will of the people and reply that "The master's tools will never dismantle the master's house". The debate will continue until and unless real change occurs.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst {{culture|clash}}s[[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst {{culture|clash}}s[[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production (factories, farmland, tools, and so on) are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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3. '''Class Analysis of Society''': This is the belief that society is divided into different classes, the traditional model being the Marxist division between the proletariat (working class) and the bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production). It also includes the belief that the lower class is exploited by the upper class. Socialists believe in the equality between classes and Marx believed in the complete eradication of class. Opinions on where the middle class fits into that two-tiered model, and who fits into what class, is hotly contested.
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3. '''Class Analysis of Society''': This is the belief that society is divided into different classes, the traditional model being the Marxist division between the proletariat (working class) and the bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production). It also includes the belief that the lower class is exploited by the upper class. Socialists believe in the equality between classes and Marx believed in the complete eradication of class. Opinions on where Which category the middle class fits into that two-tiered model, and who fits into what class, is and if the bourgeoisie can become socialists or not, are questions that are hotly contested.
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as that very page says, Jesus's historical existence is practically certain
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* UsefulNotes/JesusChrist ... well, if you believe the Christian Socialists. And that such a figure actually existed.
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* UsefulNotes/JesusChrist ... well, if you believe the Christian Socialists. And that such a figure actually existed.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most [[UsefulNotes/{{Political Ideologies}} political ideologies]], it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst [[CultureClash cultures]][[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most [[UsefulNotes/{{Political Ideologies}} political ideologies]], UsefulNotes/{{political ideologies}}, it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst [[CultureClash cultures]][[/note]] {{culture|clash}}s[[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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* '''[[ThoseWackyNazis National Socialism]]''': Wiki/{{Wikipedia}} really says it best here.
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* '''[[ThoseWackyNazis National Socialism]]''': Wiki/{{Wikipedia}} Website/{{Wikipedia}} really says it best here.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most [[UsefulNotes/{{Political Ideologies}} political ideologies]], it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst [[CultureClash cultures]][[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Wiki/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
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Socialism is a political ideology that began to develop in the nineteenth century, with roots in philosophers from UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment and UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution. Creator/KarlMarx is usually seen as the major theorist but he was merely one theorist among many and he codified and developed pre-existing ideas rather than made it out of whole cloth. To give a complete definition here is almost impossible, as, like most [[UsefulNotes/{{Political Ideologies}} political ideologies]], it has many internal divisions and national variations as a result of pragmatic accommodations[[note]]e.g. [[ValuesDissonance differences]] amongst [[CultureClash cultures]][[/note]] and {{Realpolitik}}. Wiki/TheOtherWiki Website/TheOtherWiki defines it as "an economic system characterised by social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy", as opposed to the present capitalist system, whereby the means of production are owned by private individuals. There is no consensus on how social ownership is to be brought about or, once brought about, how it is to be managed; for this reason, this page also describes anti-capitalist anarchism and communism.
