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This is a theory by the psychologist Johnathan Haidt that despite local variations, there are six basic markers that different groups of humans have in their accepted behavior:
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This is a theory by the psychologist Johnathan Haidt that despite local variations, there are six five (later expanded to six) basic markers that different groups of humans have in their accepted behavior:
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see 
for reference
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The author claims that these are evenly emphasized among conservatives and that liberals emphasize primarily the first two. He also claims that this causes much modern [[FeudingFamilies political controversy]]. And of course a lot of mutual ValuesDissonance.
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The author claims that these are evenly emphasized among conservatives and that liberals emphasize primarily the first two.two and the sixth. He also claims that this causes much modern [[FeudingFamilies political controversy]]. And of course a lot of mutual ValuesDissonance.
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From a writers point of view this theory, is a handy framework for {{Worldbuilding}}. Other uses can be thought of.
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From a writers writers' point of view this theory, is a handy framework for {{Worldbuilding}}. Other uses can be thought of.
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* Harm/Care : In the ''Series/{{Firefly}}'' episode "Ariel", Simon risks his life to save a stranger.
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* Harm/Care : Harm/Care: In the ''Series/{{Firefly}}'' episode "Ariel", Simon risks his life to save a stranger.
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let's refer to his updated model
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This is a theory by the psychologist Johnathan Haidt that despite local variations, there are five basic markers that different groups of humans have in their accepted behavior:
to:
This is a theory by the psychologist Johnathan Haidt that despite local variations, there are five six basic markers that different groups of humans have in their accepted behavior:
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A number of customs are aspects of more than one marker, naturally. For instance, consider [[GoodShepherd rabbis]] [[JewsLoveToArgue discussing]] the reason for [[Literature/TheTalmud kosher]] Among their reasons aside from reason number 5, might be that it is healthy, thus preventing plague and ensuring that people can pull their weight (number 2), that it is a salute to {{God}} (number 4) and that it emphasizes one's identification with the Jewish people (3).
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A number of customs are aspects of more than one marker, naturally. For instance, consider [[GoodShepherd rabbis]] [[JewsLoveToArgue discussing]] the reason for [[Literature/TheTalmud kosher]] kosher]]. Among their reasons aside from reason number 5, might be that it is healthy, thus preventing plague and ensuring that people can pull their weight (number 2), that it is a salute to {{God}} (number 4) and that it emphasizes one's identification with the Jewish people (3).
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# Purity: Don't do things that are {{squick}}y. This corresponds to both physical purity (don't eat poop) and moral purity (don't burn the bible). Opposed to degradation.
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# Purity: Don't do things that are {{squick}}y. This corresponds to both physical purity (don't eat poop) and moral purity (don't burn the bible).Bible). Opposed to degradation.
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Furthermore, variations exist from culture to culture. Observant Jews, for instance, express number 5 by abstaining from pork and not eating milk and meat together (in more extreme forms, this requires two refrigerators). Most non-Jewish Americans simply think that meat is acceptable, but blood and organs are yucky. Likewise, Americans and other Westerners stand in line at restaurants as an expression of 2 and 4. Not all cultures do that. And Americans seldom eat dogs or horses, which at first glance is about purity but is really about loyalty as well(dogs are friends, horses are faithful servants) And so on.
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Furthermore, variations exist from culture to culture. Observant Jews, for instance, express number 5 by abstaining from pork and not eating milk and meat together (in more extreme forms, this requires two refrigerators). Most non-Jewish Americans simply think that meat is acceptable, but blood and organs are yucky. Likewise, Americans and other Westerners stand in line at restaurants as an expression of 2 and 4. Not all cultures do that. And Americans seldom eat dogs or horses, which at first glance is about purity but is really about loyalty as well(dogs well (dogs are friends, horses are faithful servants) servants). And so on.
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* Harm/Care : In the ''Series/{{Firefly}}'' episode "Ariel", Simon risks his life to save a stranger
* Fairness/Proportionality: In ''Series/BabylonFive'', Commander Sinclair refuses to use force to end a strike according to "the Rush Act", and instead pays them the wages owed.
* Fairness/Proportionality: In ''Series/BabylonFive'', Commander Sinclair refuses to use force to end a strike according to "the Rush Act", and instead pays them the wages owed.
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* Harm/Care : In the ''Series/{{Firefly}}'' episode "Ariel", Simon risks his life to save a stranger
stranger.
* Fairness/Proportionality: In ''Series/BabylonFive'', Commander Sinclair refuses to use force to end a strike according to "the Rush Act", and insteadpays them gives the workers the higher wages owed.which they want.
* Fairness/Proportionality: In ''Series/BabylonFive'', Commander Sinclair refuses to use force to end a strike according to "the Rush Act", and instead
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* Purity: In ''Literature/{{Ivanhoe}}'' Rebecca threatens to kill herself rather than allow herself to be raped by the evil Bois-Guilbert.
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* Purity: In ''Literature/{{Ivanhoe}}'' Rebecca threatens to kill herself rather than allow herself to be raped by the evil De Bois-Guilbert.
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This is a theory by the psychologist Johnathan Haidt that despite local variations, there are five basic markers that different groups of humans have in their accepted behavior:
# Care: Be nice, as opposed to harm.
# Fairness/Proportionality: This is not the same as being nice, as it is possible to be unjust to one person in your desire to be nice to another. Opposed to cheating.
# Ingroup/Loyalty: Stand by your tribe. Opposed to betrayal.
# Authority/Respect: Respect the customs and the hierarchy. Every culture above the size of the hunter-gatherer band (and even many hunter-gatherers; respect your elders) has these. Even cultures that think themselves egalitarian. Opposed to subversion.
# Purity: Don't do things that are {{squick}}y. This corresponds to both physical purity (don't eat poop) and moral purity (don't burn the bible). Opposed to degradation.
# Liberty (added later) which is opposed to oppression.
The author claims that these are evenly emphasized among conservatives and that liberals emphasize primarily the first two. He also claims that this causes much modern [[FeudingFamilies political controversy]]. And of course a lot of mutual ValuesDissonance.
A number of customs are aspects of more than one marker, naturally. For instance, consider [[GoodShepherd rabbis]] [[JewsLoveToArgue discussing]] the reason for [[Literature/TheTalmud kosher]] Among their reasons aside from reason number 5, might be that it is healthy, thus preventing plague and ensuring that people can pull their weight (number 2), that it is a salute to {{God}} (number 4) and that it emphasizes one's identification with the Jewish people (3).
Furthermore, variations exist from culture to culture. Observant Jews, for instance, express number 5 by abstaining from pork and not eating milk and meat together (in more extreme forms, this requires two refrigerators). Most non-Jewish Americans simply think that meat is acceptable, but blood and organs are yucky. Likewise, Americans and other Westerners stand in line at restaurants as an expression of 2 and 4. Not all cultures do that. And Americans seldom eat dogs or horses, which at first glance is about purity but is really about loyalty as well(dogs are friends, horses are faithful servants) And so on.
From a writers point of view this theory, is a handy framework for {{Worldbuilding}}. Other uses can be thought of.
The author has used this theory as the basis for at least two books, ''The Righteous Mind'' and ''The Happiness Hypothesis'' as well as several essays and articles.
----
!! Fictional Examples:
* Harm/Care : In the ''Series/{{Firefly}}'' episode "Ariel", Simon risks his life to save a stranger
* Fairness/Proportionality: In ''Series/BabylonFive'', Commander Sinclair refuses to use force to end a strike according to "the Rush Act", and instead pays them the wages owed.
* Ingroup/Loyalty: In ''Series/{{Firefly}}'', Mal says to Jayne, "If you turn on any of my crew, you turn on me."
* Authority/Respect: In ''Literature/TheChosen'', Danny Saunders stands by his overbearing father despite the father's demands.
* Purity: In ''Literature/{{Ivanhoe}}'' Rebecca threatens to kill herself rather than allow herself to be raped by the evil Bois-Guilbert.
----
# Care: Be nice, as opposed to harm.
# Fairness/Proportionality: This is not the same as being nice, as it is possible to be unjust to one person in your desire to be nice to another. Opposed to cheating.
# Ingroup/Loyalty: Stand by your tribe. Opposed to betrayal.
# Authority/Respect: Respect the customs and the hierarchy. Every culture above the size of the hunter-gatherer band (and even many hunter-gatherers; respect your elders) has these. Even cultures that think themselves egalitarian. Opposed to subversion.
# Purity: Don't do things that are {{squick}}y. This corresponds to both physical purity (don't eat poop) and moral purity (don't burn the bible). Opposed to degradation.
# Liberty (added later) which is opposed to oppression.
The author claims that these are evenly emphasized among conservatives and that liberals emphasize primarily the first two. He also claims that this causes much modern [[FeudingFamilies political controversy]]. And of course a lot of mutual ValuesDissonance.
A number of customs are aspects of more than one marker, naturally. For instance, consider [[GoodShepherd rabbis]] [[JewsLoveToArgue discussing]] the reason for [[Literature/TheTalmud kosher]] Among their reasons aside from reason number 5, might be that it is healthy, thus preventing plague and ensuring that people can pull their weight (number 2), that it is a salute to {{God}} (number 4) and that it emphasizes one's identification with the Jewish people (3).
Furthermore, variations exist from culture to culture. Observant Jews, for instance, express number 5 by abstaining from pork and not eating milk and meat together (in more extreme forms, this requires two refrigerators). Most non-Jewish Americans simply think that meat is acceptable, but blood and organs are yucky. Likewise, Americans and other Westerners stand in line at restaurants as an expression of 2 and 4. Not all cultures do that. And Americans seldom eat dogs or horses, which at first glance is about purity but is really about loyalty as well(dogs are friends, horses are faithful servants) And so on.
From a writers point of view this theory, is a handy framework for {{Worldbuilding}}. Other uses can be thought of.
The author has used this theory as the basis for at least two books, ''The Righteous Mind'' and ''The Happiness Hypothesis'' as well as several essays and articles.
----
!! Fictional Examples:
* Harm/Care : In the ''Series/{{Firefly}}'' episode "Ariel", Simon risks his life to save a stranger
* Fairness/Proportionality: In ''Series/BabylonFive'', Commander Sinclair refuses to use force to end a strike according to "the Rush Act", and instead pays them the wages owed.
* Ingroup/Loyalty: In ''Series/{{Firefly}}'', Mal says to Jayne, "If you turn on any of my crew, you turn on me."
* Authority/Respect: In ''Literature/TheChosen'', Danny Saunders stands by his overbearing father despite the father's demands.
* Purity: In ''Literature/{{Ivanhoe}}'' Rebecca threatens to kill herself rather than allow herself to be raped by the evil Bois-Guilbert.
----
