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A partial list includes [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[UsefulNotes/RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

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A partial list includes [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, UsefulNotes/MarcusAurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[UsefulNotes/RomanEmpire Trajan]], UsefulNotes/{{Trajan}}, and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].
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* [[PublicDomainCharacter Public Domain Characters]]: A number of characters appearing in the Abrafaxes' adventures are this. During their early years they for instance met many folkloric jester archetypes such as Hans Wurst, Harlekin (Arlecchino from the Commedia dell'Arte), Hodsha Nasreddin etc. They also encountered Literature/DonQuixote, Sancho Pansa and [[Literature/TheBrothersKaramazov Dmitri Karamazov]]. In the 1996 graphic novel ''Mach's noch einmal, Robin!'', they shared an adventure with RobinHood and his Merry Men in a ShoutOut to ''Film/RobinAndMarian''.

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* [[PublicDomainCharacter Public Domain Characters]]: A number of characters appearing in the Abrafaxes' adventures are this. During their early years they for instance met many folkloric jester archetypes such as Hans Wurst, Harlekin (Arlecchino from the Commedia dell'Arte), Hodsha Nasreddin etc. They also encountered Literature/DonQuixote, Sancho Pansa and [[Literature/TheBrothersKaramazov Dmitri Karamazov]]. In the 1996 graphic novel ''Mach's noch einmal, Robin!'', they shared an adventure with RobinHood Myth/RobinHood and his Merry Men in a ShoutOut to ''Film/RobinAndMarian''.
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** Further [[ActionGirl Action Girls]] appear in the ranks of the ever-changing supporting characters, like Jane Bingley in the Australia arc, Selene in the Roman arc or [[spoiler: Clara]] in the Hanse arc.
* AdoptAServant: [[spoiler: Genta, Hinricus Luneborg's handmaid in the Hanse arc, was originally sent to live with him as his adopted daughter.]]


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* NobleSavage: Natives in colonial era settings, like the Aborigines in the Australia arc or the Natives in the Oceania arc, are usually very cultured in their own way.
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Sexy Spectacles has been renamed to Glasses Are Sexy, and it must be pointed out in-universe that the glasses make the character more attractive


* SexySpectacles: Bella is the only one with a recurring romantic subplot.
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Ancient Greece is a Useful Notes/ page, so it cannot be listed as a trope.


* AncientGreece: ''Mosaik'' vol. 2 No. 218-233 sees the Abrafaxe in Athens, Delphi and elsewhere on the eve of UsefulNotes/ThePeloponnesianWar. In the end they and the former Pythia Sibylla travel to Egypt, where they are sent back in time.

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* ABoyAndHisX: Califax and the Rat.


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%%* NonHumanSidekick: The Rat.

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A partial list includes [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].
* HolyRomanEmpire: The setting of a whole slew of stories, all in different time-periods.

to:

A partial list includes [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[RomanEmpire [[UsefulNotes/RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].
* HolyRomanEmpire: The setting of a whole slew of stories, all in different time-periods.
[[/note]].
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A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

to:

A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[DichterAndDenker [[UsefulNotes/DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

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Useful Notes are not tropes. Long Runners is an index, which is also not a trope.


* UsefulNotes/AustralianHistory: The two-part Australian series ran from ''Mosaik'' No. 430 to 458.
** The Flinders arc (No. 430 to 446) sees the Abrafaxe joining the crew of ''H.M.S. Investigator'' for Matthew Flinders' circumnavigation of Australia (1801-1803). The Abrafaxe then jump forward in time 44 years for
** The Sinclair's Treasure arc (No. 447 to 458), set in 1848.



* UsefulNotes/{{Berlin}}: A spin-off series of shorter gag strips was produced for the newspaper ''Berliner Kurier''. It is a rare example of the Abrafaxe appearing in the present and in the city in which they are produced.



* UsefulNotes/ImperialChina: The Abrafaxe visit Yuan-Dynasty China ca. 1282 in the final third of the Japan-China series, which mostly centres on the lovers Li and Lu.
* UsefulNotes/{{Japan}}: The Abrafaxe have been there twice.
** The first time was during the Japan-China Series (January 1989 to December 1991), set ca. 1280 to 1282 at the time of Kublai Khan's attempted invasion.
** The second time (''Mosaik'' No. 323 to 343) was [[UsefulNotes/MeijiRestoration in the year 1872]]. There they meet the Prussian engineer Heinrich von Himmelgut (on a mission to help build Japanese railways), who falls in love with Toshiko, the daughter of a former samurai.
* LongRunner: The main story of the Abrafaxe has been appearing in monthly instalments in ''Mosaik'' since 1976.



* UsefulNotes/NapoleonicWars: Can serve as an illustration of the child-friendly ethos of the serie, which tries to minimise on-panel violence:
** A special graphic novel produced for ''Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig'' about the Battle of Nations (16-19 October 1813) and the ''Völkerschlachtsdenkmal'', the monument built for its centenary, shows the Abrafaxe arriving and leaving on 15 October 1813, i. e. the day before the battle.
** The only arc (so far) set in that era in the regular series, the Matthew Flinders arc (''Mosaik'' No. 430-446) takes place on the coast of Australia on the British exploration ship ''H.M.S. Investigator''; although at the time Britain and France are at war, the meeting with the French exploration vessel ''Le Géographe'' under Nicolas Baudin at Encounter Bay is peaceful (as it was in real life).



* UsefulNotes/TheRenaissance:
** The first two thirds of the Don Ferrando Series (January 1981 to December 1982) were set in Spain and North Africa ca. 1578.
** The Wido Wexelgelt series (''Mosaik'' No. 255 to 282) is set a few weeks later, also in 1578. Here the Abrafaxe and a young German merchant travel to South America in search of El Dorado (still fighting against Don Ferrando's machinations). Later they take a crystal skull to England on Francis Drake's ''Golden Hind''.
** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Augsburg in the year 1556 and help Philippine Welser to overcome the obstacles to her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand (No. 21-23 of their title).
** The current Abrafaxe arc, beginning with ''Mosaik'' No. 483, is set in Thuringia and Saxony in 1517 to coincide with the 500th anniversary of the Reformation in 2017.



* UsefulNotes/TheRomanEmpire: Both Abrafaxe teams have visited.
** The female Abrafaxe in 24 B.C., during the reign of Emperor Augustus, where among other things they passed through Carthage (No. 15-17 of their title).
** The male Abrafaxe's much longer Roman arc (''Mosaik'' No. 459 to 482, 2014-2016) is set during the reign of Emperor Trajan. The Abrafaxe have to help bring two Germanic children (the son and the daughter of two chiefs who want to have good relations with Rome) from the Rhine to Rome. Which brought them to Gaul, Carthage (where they found a statue of Bella), Libya, Egypt and finally Rome.
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** The Templars arc (No. 358-381) is set ca. 1118 and involves the beginnings of TheKnightsTemplar and a search for the treasure of Prester John. It is followed by

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** The Templars arc (No. 358-381) is set ca. 1118 and involves the beginnings of TheKnightsTemplar UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar and a search for the treasure of Prester John. It is followed by



A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

to:

A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[TheKnightsTemplar [[UsefulNotes/TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns]], [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, [[RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

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** This became very noticeable in the spin-off series ''Die Abrafaxe'', where Max is clearly growing from a little girl to a young woman.



** The Baroque series (No. 406-429) sees brainy Brabax as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's private secretary in the 1690s while Abrax and Brabax are stuck in the France of Louis XIV.

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** The Baroque series (No. 406-429) sees brainy Brabax as [[UsefulNotes/TheEnlightenment Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's Leibniz's]] private secretary in the 1690s while Abrax and Brabax are stuck in the France of Louis XIV.

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* ActionGirl: Anna. Not that Bella and Caramella are shrinking violets. Also "Max", the Indian girl who accompanied the original Abrafaxe in their short-lived spin-off title ''Die Abrafaxe'', and Marian (daughter of Robin Hood and Maid Marian) in the graphic novel ''Mach's noch einmal, Robin!'' ("Do It One More Time, Robin!"). Also [[spoiler: in the Japan-China Series, the masked rebel leader Black Wind is revealed to be the fair Lu]].

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* ActionGirl: Anna. Not that Bella and Caramella are shrinking violets. Also "Max", Max, the Indian Eurasian girl who accompanied the original Abrafaxe in their short-lived spin-off title ''Die Abrafaxe'', and Marian (daughter of Robin Hood and Maid Marian) in the graphic novel ''Mach's noch einmal, Robin!'' ("Do It One More Time, Robin!"). Also [[spoiler: in the Japan-China Series, the masked rebel leader Black Wind is revealed to be the fair Lu]].


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* AlternateContinuity: While e. g. the adventures of Anna, Bella and Caramella take place in the same universe as the main title (as became obvious when the male Abrafaxe saw a statue erected in Bella's honour in Carthage), the continuity of the spin-off title ''Die Abrafaxe'', which ran for ten issues from 1998 to 2001, is explicitly a different one. Here the Abrafaxe are joined by Max, the daughter of a British archaeologist and an Indian woman, in the year 1959, they fight against the recurring villain Lennox, and the time-jumps are effected not by time-portals, but three electronic bracelets.
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** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Paris in the 1890s, where they become friends with a [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie young Polish science student]].

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** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Paris in the 1890s, 1893, where they become friends with a [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie young Polish science student]].student]] (No. 24-26 of their title).

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* AncientGreece: ''Mosaik'' No. 218-233 sees the Abrafaxe in Athens, Delphi and elsewhere on the eve of UsefulNotes/ThePeloponnesianWar. In the end they and the former Pythia Sibylla travel to Egypt, where they are sent back in time.

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* AncientGreece: ''Mosaik'' vol. 2 No. 218-233 sees the Abrafaxe in Athens, Delphi and elsewhere on the eve of UsefulNotes/ThePeloponnesianWar. In the end they and the former Pythia Sibylla travel to Egypt, where they are sent back in time.



** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Salzburg in 1237 in No. 18-20 of their title.



** The only arc (so far) set in that era in the regular series, the Matthew Flinders arc (''Mosaik'' No. 430 to 446) takes place on the coast of Australia on the British exploration ship ''H.M.S. Investigator''; although at the time Britain and France are at war, the meeting with the French exploration vessel ''Le Géographe'' under Nicolas Baudin at Encounter Bay is peaceful (as it was in real life).

to:

** The only arc (so far) set in that era in the regular series, the Matthew Flinders arc (''Mosaik'' No. 430 to 446) 430-446) takes place on the coast of Australia on the British exploration ship ''H.M.S. Investigator''; although at the time Britain and France are at war, the meeting with the French exploration vessel ''Le Géographe'' under Nicolas Baudin at Encounter Bay is peaceful (as it was in real life).



** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Augsburg in the year 1556 and help Philippine Welser to overcome the obstacles to her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand.

to:

** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Augsburg in the year 1556 and help Philippine Welser to overcome the obstacles to her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand.Ferdinand (No. 21-23 of their title).



** The female Abrafaxe in 25 B.C., during the reign of Emperor Augustus, where among other things they passed through Carthage.

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** The female Abrafaxe in 25 24 B.C., during the reign of Emperor Augustus, where among other things they passed through Carthage.Carthage (No. 15-17 of their title).
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A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, Nicolas Flamel, Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, Hugues de Payns, [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Sophocles, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, Trajan, and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

to:

A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, [[Literature/TheSecretsOfTheImmortalNicholasFlamel Nicolas Flamel, Flamel]], Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, [[TheKnightsTemplar Hugues de Payns, Payns]], [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Sophocles, Creator/{{Sophocles}}, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, Trajan, [[RomanEmpire Trajan]], and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].
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None


A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, Nicolas Flamel, Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, Hugues de Payns, [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Sophocles, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, Trajan, and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

to:

A partial list includes [[DichterAndDenker Albertus Magnus]], Alcibiades, Francis Bacon, Nicolas Baudin, UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte[[note]] Not in the continuing saga, but in a special issue for the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig.[[/note]], UsefulNotes/AnneBonny[[note]] In the 2001 animated film and graphic novel ''Die Abrafaxe: Unter schwarzer Flagge''.[[/note]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungaree Bungaree]], UsefulNotes/CatherineTheGreat, UsefulNotes/SirFrancisDrake, Nicolas Flamel, Matthew Flinders, John Franklin (as a young midshipman), [[UsefulNotes/HolyRomanEmpire Frederick Barbarossa]], Robert Hooke, Hugues de Payns, [[DichterAndDenker Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], Ludwig Leichhardt, [[UsefulNotes/LetatCestMoi Louis VI the Fat of France]], UsefulNotes/LouisXIV, Marcus Aurelius, Queen Nefertiti, UsefulNotes/IsaacNewton, UsefulNotes/PeterTheGreat, [[Literature/TheTravelsOfMarcoPolo MarcoPolo]], Ferenc Rákóczi, Creator/{{Socrates}}, [[UsefulNotes/MarieCurie Maria Sklodowska]], Sophocles, Tacitus, St. Thomas Aquinas, Trajan, and [[UsefulNotes/PrussianKings Wilhelm II]][[note]] In the same special issue as Napoleon. [[/note]].

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* DeadpanSnarker: Tchimbota in the graphic novel ''Congo''.



* ObfuscatingStupidity: A strategy much used by [[DeadpanSnarker Tchimbota]] in the graphic novel ''Congo''. As in this conversation with a "GreatWhiteHunter" [[spoiler: (actually an arms smuggler. Who is unaware that Tchimbota is an undercover agent for the Belgian government)]].

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* ObfuscatingStupidity: A strategy much used by [[DeadpanSnarker Tchimbota]] Tchimbota in the graphic novel ''Congo''. As in this conversation with a "GreatWhiteHunter" [[spoiler: (actually an arms smuggler. Who is unaware that Tchimbota is an undercover agent for the Belgian government)]].



-->'''Corneau:''' ''Colourful glass beads?!'' Pah! Those aren't worth anything...
-->'''Tchimbota:''' '''Not worth anything!?...
-->'''Corneau:''' (goes "oops!")

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-->'''Corneau:''' ''Colourful '''Colourful glass beads?!'' beads?!''' Pah! Those aren't worth anything...
-->'''Tchimbota:''' '''Not worth anything!?...
anything!?...'''
-->'''Corneau:''' (goes (silently goes: "oops!")

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* NoodleIncident: A conversation between Abrax and Califax in the graphic novel ''Congo: Die Abrafaxe in Afrika'' reveals that the Abrafaxe worked for French counter-espionage during World War I.
* ObfuscatingStupidity: A strategy much used by [[DeadpanSnarker Tchimbota]] in the graphic novel ''Congo''. As in this conversation with a "GreatWhiteHunter" [[spoiler: (actually an arms smuggler. Who is unaware that Tchimbota is an undercover agent for the Belgian government)]].
-->'''Corneau:''' A whole crate of... surveying instruments simply gone... sunk like a rock... it's beyond comprehension!
-->'''Tchimbota:''' Tchimbota understand you well, Bwana Corneau! Tchimbota cried three days when he lost bag of colourful glass beads white man gave him.
-->'''Corneau:''' ''Colourful glass beads?!'' Pah! Those aren't worth anything...
-->'''Tchimbota:''' '''Not worth anything!?...
-->'''Corneau:''' (goes "oops!")
-->'''Tchimbota:''' Tut... tut... Interesting! Tchimbota definitely must remember that.



* TheRoaringTwenties: The arc from ''Mosaik'' No. 301 to 322 is set in America in 1929. Prohibition-era gangsters abound, Abrax is a G-man and Califax makes a fortune selling hotdogs, but as he invests his profits on the stock market he loses it all on Black Friday.

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* TheRoaringTwenties: TheRoaringTwenties:
**
The arc from ''Mosaik'' No. 301 to 322 is set in America in 1929. Prohibition-era gangsters abound, Abrax is a G-man and Califax makes a fortune selling hotdogs, but as he invests his profits on the stock market he loses it all on Black Friday.Friday.
** The graphic novel ''Congo: Die Abrafaxe in Africa'' is set in the jungles of Belgian Congo in 1924.


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* WitchDoctor: Tchimbota in ''Congo'' at first glance appears to be one, but it turns out he served as a medic in the Belgian army during World War I and latinate terms like ''amnesia due to a commotio cerebri'' roll off his tongue easily.
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* GentlemanThief: Played with Angélique de Beautéville in the Race Around the World arc; she is a (former?) cat-burglar who married French aristocrat Louis comte de Beautéville.

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* GentlemanThief: Played with Angélique de Beautéville in the Race Around the World arc; she is a (former?) former (?) cat-burglar who married French aristocrat Louis comte de Beautéville.
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* UsefulNotes/{{Berlin}}: A spin-off series of shorter gag strips was produced for the newspaper ''Berliner Kurier''. It is a rare example of the Abrafaxe appearing in the present.

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* UsefulNotes/{{Berlin}}: A spin-off series of shorter gag strips was produced for the newspaper ''Berliner Kurier''. It is a rare example of the Abrafaxe appearing in the present.present and in the city in which they are produced.

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''Die Abrafaxe'' are a trio of kobold-like characters designed by artist Lona Rietschel and writer Lothar Dräger. They have been having adventures across time since their debut in January 1976 in the relaunch of the East German comic-book magazine ''ComicBook/{{Mosaik}}'', which netted them an entry in the Guiness Book of Records for the longest continuing comic-book story. They consist of dashing Abrafax, smart Brabax and chubby enjoyer of the fine things in life Califax. Since issue No. 200 they are accompanied by a nameless rat. With the Abrafaxe ''Mosaik'' continued to go from strength to strength, reaching a maximum print run of a million copies in 1984 (the total population of the GDR then numbered 17 million); it also successfully mastered the transition to capitalism after 1990. They continue to appear in ''Mosaik'' and various spin-offs, and since 2008 there is a quarterly spin-off series featuring their distaff counterparts, ''Mosaik: Die unglaublichen Abenteuer von Anna, Bella und Caramella'' ("The Incredible Adventures of Anna, Bella and Caramella"). In both versions the protagonists get from one historical era to another via time portals for which they sometimes have to search a long time.

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''Die Abrafaxe'' are a trio of kobold-like characters designed by artist Lona Rietschel and writer Lothar Dräger. They have been having adventures across time since their debut in January 1976 in the relaunch of the East German comic-book magazine ''ComicBook/{{Mosaik}}'', which netted them an entry in the Guiness Guinness Book of Records for the longest continuing comic-book story. They consist of dashing Abrafax, smart Brabax and chubby enjoyer of the fine things in life Califax. Since issue No. 200 they are accompanied by a nameless rat. With the Abrafaxe ''Mosaik'' continued to go from strength to strength, reaching a maximum print run of a million copies in 1984 (the total population of the GDR then numbered 17 million); it also successfully mastered the transition to capitalism after 1990. They continue to appear in ''Mosaik'' and various spin-offs, and since 2008 there is a quarterly spin-off series featuring their distaff counterparts, ''Mosaik: Die unglaublichen Abenteuer von Anna, Bella und Caramella'' ("The Incredible Adventures of Anna, Bella and Caramella"). In both versions the protagonists get from one historical era to another via time portals for which they sometimes have to search a long time.


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* UsefulNotes/{{Berlin}}: A spin-off series of shorter gag strips was produced for the newspaper ''Berliner Kurier''. It is a rare example of the Abrafaxe appearing in the present.

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* GentlemanThief: Played with Angélique de Beautéville in the Race Around the World arc; she is a (former?) cat-burglar who married French aristocrat Louis comte de Beautéville.



** A special graphic novel produced for ''Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig'' about the Battle of Nations (16-19 October 1813) and the ''Völkerschlachtsdenkmal'', the monument built for its centenary shows the Abrafaxe arriving and leaving on 15 October 1813, i. e. the day before the battle.

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** A special graphic novel produced for ''Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig'' about the Battle of Nations (16-19 October 1813) and the ''Völkerschlachtsdenkmal'', the monument built for its centenary centenary, shows the Abrafaxe arriving and leaving on 15 October 1813, i. e. the day before the battle.
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* TheGreatDepression: The two-part spin-off graphic novel ''Hollywood Pursuit'' is set in Los Angeles in the early 1930s. The Abrafaxe alternate between working in the movies and as parody [[Creator/RaymondChandler Chandleresque]] private investigators.


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* QuintessentialBritishGentleman: The British team in the 1898 race around the world consists of Lord Conrad Hummingford and his manservant James.


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* ShoutOut: Some of the participants in the 1898 international race around the world (''Mosaik'' No. 344-357) are this:
** The American, a former bank-robber turned business tycoon, is called [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller Rock E. Feller]].
** The Italian nobleman [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_Nobile Umberto Mobile]], who is also a balloonist, is accompanied by his chubby, bemustachioed servant [[Franchise/SuperMarioBros Mario]].
** The German representative is Lieutenant Erich von Ribbeck, whose name refers to a well-known ballad by Creator/TheodorFontane.

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* UsefulNotes/NapoleonicWars: Can serve as an illustration of the child-friendly ethos of the serie, which tries to minimise on-panel violence:
** A special graphic novel produced for ''Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig'' about the Battle of Nations (16-19 October 1813) and the ''Völkerschlachtsdenkmal'', the monument built for its centenary shows the Abrafaxe arriving and leaving on 15 October 1813, i. e. the day before the battle.
** The only arc (so far) set in that era in the regular series, the Matthew Flinders arc (''Mosaik'' No. 430 to 446) takes place on the coast of Australia on the British exploration ship ''H.M.S. Investigator''; although at the time Britain and France are at war, the meeting with the French exploration vessel ''Le Géographe'' under Nicolas Baudin at Encounter Bay is peaceful (as it was in real life).



* TeamChef: The role competently filled by Califax and Caramella in their respective teams.

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* TeamChef: The role competently filled by Califax and Caramella in their respective teams. Califax' signature ingredient is (extract of) rosemary.
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* EasternZodiac: A plot point in the arc set in Meiji era Japan was that former Samurai Toru was more amenable to the idea of Westerner Heinrich von Himmelgut becoming his son-in-law because his daughter Toshiko was considered all but unmarriageable by Japanese, having been born in 1846, a Bingwu (Fire Horse) year. [[note]] TruthInTelevision: Bingwu years are traditionally regarded as very ominous, and women born in them are considered bad news for a family. The most recent Bingwu year, 1966, saw a significant drop in the Japanese birth-rate accompanied by a rise in the number of abortions and suspicious deaths of baby girls.[[/note]]
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* DistaffCounterpart: Anna, Bella and Caramella to Abrax, Brabax and Califax.
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* TeamChef: The role competently filled by Califax and Caramella in their respective teams.
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* FanNickname: ''Mosaik: Die unglaublichen Abenteuer von Anna, Bella und Caramella'' is called ''Rosaik'' (a portmanteau of ''Rosa'' ("pink") and ''Mosaik'') by many fans, e. g. the compilers of Mosapedia.

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* FanNickname: ''Mosaik: Die unglaublichen Abenteuer von Anna, Bella und Caramella'' is called ''Rosaik'' (a portmanteau of ''Rosa'' ("pink") and ''Mosaik'') by many fans, e. g. the compilers of Mosapedia.



** The current arc, beginning with ''Mosaik'' No. 483, is set in Thuringia and Saxony in 1517 to coincide with the 500th anniversary of the Reformation in 2017.

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** Anna, Bella and Caramella visit Augsburg in the year 1556 and help Philippine Welser to overcome the obstacles to her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand.
** The current Abrafaxe arc, beginning with ''Mosaik'' No. 483, is set in Thuringia and Saxony in 1517 to coincide with the 500th anniversary of the Reformation in 2017.
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* ActionGirl: Anna. Not that Bella and Caramella are shrinking violets. Also "Max", the Indian girl who accompanied the original Abrafaxe in their short-lived spin-off title ''Die Abrafaxe'', and Marian (daughter of Robin Hood and Maid Marian) in the graphic novel ''Mach's noch einmal, Robin!'' ("Do It One More Time, Robin!").

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* ActionGirl: Anna. Not that Bella and Caramella are shrinking violets. Also "Max", the Indian girl who accompanied the original Abrafaxe in their short-lived spin-off title ''Die Abrafaxe'', and Marian (daughter of Robin Hood and Maid Marian) in the graphic novel ''Mach's noch einmal, Robin!'' ("Do It One More Time, Robin!"). Also [[spoiler: in the Japan-China Series, the masked rebel leader Black Wind is revealed to be the fair Lu]].

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