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* In ''VideoGame/TheNewOrderLastDaysOfEurope'', an AlternateHistoryNaziVictory mod for ''VideoGame/HeartsOfIronIV'', Salazar together with UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco decided to form the Iberian Union, a single nation encompassing UsefulNotes/{{Spain}} and Portugal, in the aftermath of the German seizure of the Portuguese colonies in Africa and the creation of [[HostileTerraforming Atlantropa]].
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* In ''VideoGame/TheNewOrderLastDaysOfEurope'', an AlternateHistoryNaziVictory mod for ''VideoGame/HeartsOfIronIV'', Salazar together with UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco decided to form the Iberian Union, a single nation encompassing UsefulNotes/{{Spain}} and Portugal, in the aftermath of the German seizure of the Portuguese colonies in Africa and the creation of [[HostileTerraforming Atlantropa]].
Africa.
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->''[A] kind of obscure hipster fascist... [T]here's nothing especially successful about him.''
-->--American blogger Matthew Yglesias, [[https://www.slowboring.com/p/hungarian-nationalism-is-not-the expressing puzzlement at why anyone would want to emulate Salazar]]
-->--American blogger Matthew Yglesias, [[https://www.slowboring.com/p/hungarian-nationalism-is-not-the expressing puzzlement at why anyone would want to emulate Salazar]]
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[[caption-width-right:335:''Um Salazar em cada esquina é que ficava bem''[[note]]"A Salazar in each corner, now that would be good", said in jest whenever there is someone who really likes Salazar, or when politicians are bad, or when you just want to have a laugh[[/note]]]]
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[[caption-width-right:335:''Um Salazar em cada esquina é que ficava bem''[[note]]"A bem.''[[note]]"A Salazar in each corner, now that would be good", said in jest whenever there is someone who really likes Salazar, or when politicians are bad, or when you just want to have a laugh[[/note]]]]
laugh.[[/note]]]]
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-->--The BattleCry of the ''Legião Portuguesa'' ("Portuguese Legion")[[note]]which was greatly descriptive of the political situation during the ''Estado Novo'' ("New State"), Salazar's regime[[/note]]
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-->--The BattleCry of the ''Legião Portuguesa'' ("Portuguese Legion")[[note]]which Legion")[[note]]Which was greatly descriptive of the political situation during the ''Estado Novo'' ("New State"), Salazar's regime[[/note]]
regime.[[/note]]
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António de Oliveira Salazar (28 April 1889 – 27 July 1970) was a statesman and professor who distinguished himself as the dictator and Prime Minister of UsefulNotes/{{Portugal}} between 1932 and 1968.
The son of a small landowner/agricultural worker from Santa Comba Dão, he studied at Viseu Seminary to become a priest but he would later follow the academic route, entering the University of Coimbra in 1910, the year of the October 5 Revolution which gave birth to the Portuguese First Republic. He would graduate in Law with a specialization in Finance and Economic Policy, and become a professor at the same University[[note]]At this time, Economics was a relatively new academic discipline in Portugal, with the first course in pure Economics only appearing in 1949 on what is now [=ISEG=]; the University of Coimbra didn't open its Faculty of Economics until 1972.[[/note]].
During his stay at the University, he dabbled in politics, writing several articles espousing his views on social studies and the events of the day in several newspapers, especially at his friend Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira's[[note]]He became Cardinal-Patriarch of Lisbon.[[/note]] weekly ''O Imparcial''. Beyond finances, he also criticized the chronic political instability endemic to the First Republic and, being a devout Catholic, its anticlericalism. He was invited to run for Parliament in 1921, winning a seat. He would only occupy it for one day, finding it riddled with chaos and futility. Around then he became convinced that [[DemocracyIsBad democracy, liberalism and parliamentarism were not the way for his country]].
Then, in 1926, there was a [[TheCoup coup]] known as the ''Revolução Nacional'' ("National Revolution"). He was invited to become Minister of Finance, but later resigned because his conditions were not met. He would come back in 1928 to the Finance portfolio and he became notable for the stabilization of the State's finances which took them out of their precarity[[note]]He wasn't the first, however: between 1913 and 1914, Prime Minister Afonso Costa was able to stabilize the country's finances. Due to the First Republic's instability, Salazar's stabilization lasted longer.[[/note]].
The son of a small landowner/agricultural worker from Santa Comba Dão, he studied at Viseu Seminary to become a priest but he would later follow the academic route, entering the University of Coimbra in 1910, the year of the October 5 Revolution which gave birth to the Portuguese First Republic. He would graduate in Law with a specialization in Finance and Economic Policy, and become a professor at the same University[[note]]At this time, Economics was a relatively new academic discipline in Portugal, with the first course in pure Economics only appearing in 1949 on what is now [=ISEG=]; the University of Coimbra didn't open its Faculty of Economics until 1972.[[/note]].
During his stay at the University, he dabbled in politics, writing several articles espousing his views on social studies and the events of the day in several newspapers, especially at his friend Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira's[[note]]He became Cardinal-Patriarch of Lisbon.[[/note]] weekly ''O Imparcial''. Beyond finances, he also criticized the chronic political instability endemic to the First Republic and, being a devout Catholic, its anticlericalism. He was invited to run for Parliament in 1921, winning a seat. He would only occupy it for one day, finding it riddled with chaos and futility. Around then he became convinced that [[DemocracyIsBad democracy, liberalism and parliamentarism were not the way for his country]].
Then, in 1926, there was a [[TheCoup coup]] known as the ''Revolução Nacional'' ("National Revolution"). He was invited to become Minister of Finance, but later resigned because his conditions were not met. He would come back in 1928 to the Finance portfolio and he became notable for the stabilization of the State's finances which took them out of their precarity[[note]]He wasn't the first, however: between 1913 and 1914, Prime Minister Afonso Costa was able to stabilize the country's finances. Due to the First Republic's instability, Salazar's stabilization lasted longer.[[/note]].
to:
António de Oliveira Salazar (28 April 1889 – 27 July 1970) was a statesman and professor who distinguished himself as the dictator and Prime Minister of UsefulNotes/{{Portugal}} between 1932 and 1968.
The son of a small landowner/agricultural worker from Santa Comba Dão, he studied at Viseu Seminary to become a priest but he would later follow the academic route, entering the University of Coimbra in 1910, the year of the October 5 Revolution which gave birth to the Portuguese First Republic. He would graduate in Law with a specialization in Finance and Economic Policy, and become a professor at the sameUniversity[[note]]At university.[[note]]At this time, Economics economics was a relatively new academic discipline in Portugal, with the first course in pure Economics economics only appearing in 1949 on at what is now [=ISEG=]; the University of Coimbra didn't open its Faculty of Economics until 1972.[[/note]].
[[/note]]
During hisstay time at the University, university, he dabbled in politics, writing several articles espousing his views on social studies and the events of the day in several newspapers, especially at his friend Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira's[[note]]He became Cardinal-Patriarch of Lisbon.UsefulNotes/{{Lisbon}}.[[/note]] weekly ''O Imparcial''. Beyond finances, finance, he also criticized the chronic political instability endemic to the First Republic and, being a devout Catholic, its anticlericalism. He was invited to run for Parliament in 1921, winning a seat. He would only occupy it for one day, finding it the legislature riddled with chaos and futility. Around then he became convinced that [[DemocracyIsBad his country would do better without democracy, liberalism liberalism, and parliamentarism were not the way for his country]].
parliamentarism]].
Then, in 1926, there was a [[TheCoup coup]] known as the ''Revolução Nacional'' ("National Revolution"). He was invited to become Minister of Finance, but later resigned because his conditions were not met. He would come back in 1928 to the Finance portfolio and he became notable for the stabilization of the State's finances which took them out of theirprecarity[[note]]He precarity.[[note]]He wasn't the first, however: between 1913 and 1914, Prime Minister Afonso Costa was able Costa, who also doubled as PM and finance minister, managed to stabilize the country's finances. Due to the First Republic's instability, Salazar's stabilization lasted longer.[[/note]].
[[/note]]
The son of a small landowner/agricultural worker from Santa Comba Dão, he studied at Viseu Seminary to become a priest but he would later follow the academic route, entering the University of Coimbra in 1910, the year of the October 5 Revolution which gave birth to the Portuguese First Republic. He would graduate in Law with a specialization in Finance and Economic Policy, and become a professor at the same
During his
Then, in 1926, there was a [[TheCoup coup]] known as the ''Revolução Nacional'' ("National Revolution"). He was invited to become Minister of Finance, but later resigned because his conditions were not met. He would come back in 1928 to the Finance portfolio and he became notable for the stabilization of the State's finances which took them out of their
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In 1930, the ''União Nacional'' ("National Union") was founded; it was to be the future single party. He was finally appointed as Prime Minister in 1932, and the next year he consolidated his power by presenting the new Constitution of 1933. His new creation, the ''Estado Novo'' ("New State"), an authoritarian, "corporatist" (in [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporatism this sense]]) and nationalist regime, was finally a reality.
Curiously, despite the authoritarian and conservative nature of his regime, he [[EveryoneHasStandards disliked the racial supremacy promoted by Hitler]], regarding it as a "pagan and anti-human" ideology, and was worried about the prospect of Nazi Germany winning World War II[[note]]make no mistake, he disliked Communism more than the Nazis, and viewed them as a bulwark against the Soviet Union. It's why he aided Francisco Franco during the Spanish Civil War, though he wasn't very thrilled about Franco's ties to the Axis.[[/note]]. On the other hand, he couldn't support the Allies such as Portugal's oldest ally Britain with whom they had had the longest alliance in history, because that would put their colonial territories at risk which Portugal couldn't defend, not to mention their own home country (specially after the Nationalists won the Spanish Civil War). So he opted to remain neutral by selling resources to both sides, while Portugal became sort of a refugee gateway for those fleeing the war in Europe.
His regime was notable for financial, political and social stabilization and (relative, especially towards the end) economic growth, at the cost of political repression (especially of communists) and high levels of poverty and income inequality. Political opposition was reallowed, albeit under extremely tight control, after UsefulNotes/WorldWarII. The last years of his regime (seven of which were under his successor Marcello Caetano) were centered around the Portuguese Colonial War, a 14-year war fought between Portugal and the several colonial liberation movements ([=PAIGC=] in UsefulNotes/GuineaBissau and UsefulNotes/CapeVerde, [=FRELIMO=] in UsefulNotes/{{Mozambique}}, [[WeAreStrugglingTogether MPLA, UNITA and FNLA]] in UsefulNotes/{{Angola}} and [=FLEC=] in the Angolan province of Cabinda).
Curiously, despite the authoritarian and conservative nature of his regime, he [[EveryoneHasStandards disliked the racial supremacy promoted by Hitler]], regarding it as a "pagan and anti-human" ideology, and was worried about the prospect of Nazi Germany winning World War II[[note]]make no mistake, he disliked Communism more than the Nazis, and viewed them as a bulwark against the Soviet Union. It's why he aided Francisco Franco during the Spanish Civil War, though he wasn't very thrilled about Franco's ties to the Axis.[[/note]]. On the other hand, he couldn't support the Allies such as Portugal's oldest ally Britain with whom they had had the longest alliance in history, because that would put their colonial territories at risk which Portugal couldn't defend, not to mention their own home country (specially after the Nationalists won the Spanish Civil War). So he opted to remain neutral by selling resources to both sides, while Portugal became sort of a refugee gateway for those fleeing the war in Europe.
His regime was notable for financial, political and social stabilization and (relative, especially towards the end) economic growth, at the cost of political repression (especially of communists) and high levels of poverty and income inequality. Political opposition was reallowed, albeit under extremely tight control, after UsefulNotes/WorldWarII. The last years of his regime (seven of which were under his successor Marcello Caetano) were centered around the Portuguese Colonial War, a 14-year war fought between Portugal and the several colonial liberation movements ([=PAIGC=] in UsefulNotes/GuineaBissau and UsefulNotes/CapeVerde, [=FRELIMO=] in UsefulNotes/{{Mozambique}}, [[WeAreStrugglingTogether MPLA, UNITA and FNLA]] in UsefulNotes/{{Angola}} and [=FLEC=] in the Angolan province of Cabinda).
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In 1930, the ''União Nacional'' ("National Union") was founded; it was to be the future single party. He was finally appointed as Prime Minister in 1932, and the next year he consolidated his power by presenting the new Constitution of 1933. (While the constitution nominally made the Prime Minister of Portugal NumberTwo to the President and gave the latter the discretion to appoint the former, President Óscar Carmona took a hands-off approach with Salazar, and his successors, Francisco Craveiro Lopes and Américo Tomás, followed suit. During Carmona's presidency, Salazar had already enshrined himself as TheManBehindTheMan.) His new creation, the ''Estado Novo'' ("New State"), an authoritarian, "corporatist" (in [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporatism this sense]]) and nationalist regime, was finally a reality.
Curiously, despite the authoritarian and conservative nature of his regime, he [[EveryoneHasStandards disliked the racial supremacy promotedby Hitler]], by]] UsefulNotes/AdolfHitler, regarding it as a "pagan and anti-human" ideology, ideology (and similarly rejected the "pagan Caesarism" of UsefulNotes/BenitoMussolini in UsefulNotes/FascistItaly), and was worried about the prospect of Nazi Germany UsefulNotes/NaziGermany winning World War II[[note]]make UsefulNotes/WorldWarII.[[note]]Make no mistake, he [[DirtyCommunists disliked Communism Communism]] more than the Nazis, Nazis and viewed them the latter as a bulwark against [[UsefulNotes/SovietRussiaUkraineAndSoOn the Soviet Union. Union]]. It's also why he aided Francisco Franco UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco during the Spanish Civil War, UsefulNotes/SpanishCivilWar, though he wasn't very thrilled about Franco's ties to the Axis.[[/note]]. Hitler and Mussolini.[[/note]] On the other hand, he couldn't support the Allies such as Portugal's oldest ally Britain [[UsefulNotes/UnitedKingdom Britain]] with whom they had had the longest alliance in history, because that would put their colonial territories at risk which Portugal couldn't defend, not to mention their own home country (specially after the Nationalists won the Spanish Civil War). So he opted to remain neutral by [[PlayingBothSides selling resources to both sides, sides]], while Portugal became sort of a refugee gateway for those fleeing the war in Europe.
His regime was notable for financial, political and social stabilization and (relative, especially towards the end) economic growth, at the cost of political repression (especially of communists) and high levels of poverty and income inequality. Political opposition was reallowed, albeit under extremely tight control, afterUsefulNotes/WorldWarII. World War II. The last years of his regime (seven of which were occurred under his successor Marcello Caetano) were centered around focussed on the Portuguese Colonial War, a 14-year war fought between Portugal and the several colonial liberation movements ([=PAIGC=] in UsefulNotes/GuineaBissau and UsefulNotes/CapeVerde, [=FRELIMO=] in UsefulNotes/{{Mozambique}}, [[WeAreStrugglingTogether MPLA, UNITA and FNLA]] in UsefulNotes/{{Angola}} UsefulNotes/{{Angola}}, and [=FLEC=] in the Angolan province of Cabinda).
Curiously, despite the authoritarian and conservative nature of his regime, he [[EveryoneHasStandards disliked the racial supremacy promoted
His regime was notable for financial, political and social stabilization and (relative, especially towards the end) economic growth, at the cost of political repression (especially of communists) and high levels of poverty and income inequality. Political opposition was reallowed, albeit under extremely tight control, after
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He's still a fairly divisive figure, both among the general public and among historians. In March 2007, Salazar was elected the ''"Greatest Portuguese Ever"'' with 42% of votes on the [=RTP1=] TV show ''Os Grandes Portugueses''[[note]]the Portuguese equivalent of ''100 Greatest Britons''[[/note]] as well as ''"Worst Portuguese Ever"'' on the parody TV show ''Axis of Evil'' from rival channel SIC Notícias. Make of that what you will.
[[Franchise/HarryPotter Salazar Slytherin]] was named after him[[note]]While the RealLife Salazar was hardly as racist as Slytherin, when an author names the patron saint of [[TheSociopath sociopaths]] in her children-aimed book after you, it sorta means you done goofed.[[/note]].
[[Franchise/HarryPotter Salazar Slytherin]] was named after him[[note]]While the RealLife Salazar was hardly as racist as Slytherin, when an author names the patron saint of [[TheSociopath sociopaths]] in her children-aimed book after you, it sorta means you done goofed.[[/note]].
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[[Franchise/HarryPotter Salazar Slytherin]] was named after
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* In ''VideoGame/TheNewOrderLastDaysOfEurope'', an AlternateHistoryNaziVictory mod for ''VideoGame/HeartsOfIronIV'', Salazar together with UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco decided to form the Iberian Union, a single nation encompassing Spain and Portugal, in the aftermath of the German seizure of the Portuguese colonies in Africa and the creation of [[HostileTerraforming Atlantropa]].
to:
* In ''VideoGame/TheNewOrderLastDaysOfEurope'', an AlternateHistoryNaziVictory mod for ''VideoGame/HeartsOfIronIV'', Salazar together with UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco decided to form the Iberian Union, a single nation encompassing Spain UsefulNotes/{{Spain}} and Portugal, in the aftermath of the German seizure of the Portuguese colonies in Africa and the creation of [[HostileTerraforming Atlantropa]].
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* CrapsaccharineWorld: Portugal as represented in a [[http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19460722,00.html 1946 TIME magazine cover]], with Salazar portrayed next to an apple cut in half, the outside perfect but the inside rotten. The cover story was titled more explicitly: "[[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,888228,00.html Portugal: How Bad Is the Best?]]" [[ForegoneConclusion This edition was]] [[BannedInChina banned in Portugal.]]
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* CrapsaccharineWorld: Portugal as represented in a 1946 ''Magazine/TIMEMagazine'' [[http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19460722,00.html 1946 TIME magazine cover]], with Salazar portrayed next to an apple cut in half, the outside perfect but the inside rotten. The cover story was titled more explicitly: "[[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,888228,00.html Portugal: How Bad Is the Best?]]" [[ForegoneConclusion This edition was]] [[BannedInChina banned in Portugal.]]
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Removed ROCEJ sinkhole as per discussion
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* HistoricalHeroUpgrade: The TV show ''Os Grandes Portugueses'' ("The Greatest Portuguese") was one for him; he was voted "Best Portuguese Ever". [[Administrivia/RuleOfCautiousEditingJudgment Not everyone liked it.]]
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* HistoricalHeroUpgrade: The TV show ''Os Grandes Portugueses'' ("The Greatest Portuguese") was one for him; he was voted "Best Portuguese Ever". [[Administrivia/RuleOfCautiousEditingJudgment Not everyone liked it.]]
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->''[A] kind of obscure hipster fascist... [T]here's nothing especially successful about him.''
-->--American blogger Matthew Yglesias, [[https://www.slowboring.com/p/hungarian-nationalism-is-not-the expressing puzzlement at why anyone would want to emulate Salazar]]
-->--American blogger Matthew Yglesias, [[https://www.slowboring.com/p/hungarian-nationalism-is-not-the expressing puzzlement at why anyone would want to emulate Salazar]]
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!!Salazar in fiction
* In ''VideoGame/TheNewOrderLastDaysOfEurope'', an AlternateHistoryNaziVictory mod for ''VideoGame/HeartsOfIronIV'', Salazar together with UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco decided to form the Iberian Union, a single nation encompassing Spain and Portugal, in the aftermath of the German seizure of the Portuguese colonies in Africa and the creation of [[HostileTerraforming Atlantropa]].
* In ''VideoGame/TheNewOrderLastDaysOfEurope'', an AlternateHistoryNaziVictory mod for ''VideoGame/HeartsOfIronIV'', Salazar together with UsefulNotes/FranciscoFranco decided to form the Iberian Union, a single nation encompassing Spain and Portugal, in the aftermath of the German seizure of the Portuguese colonies in Africa and the creation of [[HostileTerraforming Atlantropa]].
