Line #17 UsefulNotes/SanMarino


1	[[quoteright:330:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/San_Marino_map_1942.gif]]
2	[[caption-width-right:330:Most Serene map of the Most Serene Republic]]
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4	San Marino, officially known as the Republic of San Marino ('''Italian:''' ''Repubblica di San Marino'') and also known as The Most Serene Republic of San Marino ('''Italian:''' ''Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino''), is a delightful little Southern European enclave in UsefulNotes/{{Italy}}. It is the oldest surviving sovereign state in the world, as the continuation of the monastic community founded on September 3, 301, by Marinus [[note]] who later became its [[UsefulNotes/PatronSaints patron saint]][[/note]], a stonemason-turned-monk from Arba (modern-day Rab, {{UsefulNotes/Croatia}}). Its constitution, ratified in 1600, is the oldest of its kind still in effect. The next-oldest is the U.S. Constitution, some 189 years younger.
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6	San Marino survived the consolidation of Italy into medium-sized territorial states in the 15th century, the reorganization of Italy following UsefulNotes/TheNapoleonicWars, and the unification of Italy in the 19th century, owing to (respectively) its remote location in a valley of the Apennines, not accepting UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte's offers to extend their territory, and as a [[IOweYouMyLife token of gratitude from leaders of the unification movement for offering them shelter in times of crisis]]. It is too small (about 60 sq.km with a little more than 30,000 residents) and too remote to cause anyone much trouble - and it is also too small and remote for anyone to give it much trouble, so, while, by custom, the appellation "Most Serene" is an indicator of sovereignty, it also applies in a more literal sense. It managed to remain neutral throughout the two world wars (though somehow someone reported San Marino had seen fit to declare war on the UsefulNotes/UnitedKingdom in 1940).
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8	During UsefulNotes/WorldWarII, San Marino provided a safe harbor for over 100,000 Italians (ten times more than there were Sammarinese at the time) and Jews from Nazi persecution. That's right, San Marino pulled a move that could risk angering UsefulNotes/NaziGermany and ''still'' managed to stay neutral. No wonder its citizens are proud of it. Though, it didn't stop the Nazis or the Allies disrespecting its neutrality status; especially when the former managed to ''fortify'' the borders of this nation - which ran through the Gothic Line at the time - which led the Allies to conduct a [[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_San_Marino 3-day battle]] to completely remove it for good.
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10	San Marino abolished the death penalty in 1865, becoming the second European country, after the Grand Duchy of Tuscany who abolished it in 1786, to do so. The last execution was performed in 1468.
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12	The country is led by two Captains Regent, or prime ministers, if you please. They are not that much different from the old Roman consuls. They are chosen every six months.
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14	There was once a [[NonindicativeName San Marino Grand Prix - held in Imola, Italy]], which was infamous for its 1994 running[[note]]It was on this running that Ayrton Senna had his fatal crash during the race. Along with his fatal crash, Austrian Roland Ratzenberger died after crashing in qualifying, Rubens Barrichello was injured after a crash in practice, eight fans were injured due to flying debris after a crash at the start involving Pedro Lamy and JJ Lehto, and as if all of those wasn't enough, four mechanics from Ferrari and Lotus were injured after Michele Alboreto's wheel came off while exiting the pit lane[[/note]]. Motorcycle racing also has its own San Marino Grand Prix, the somewhat indicative San Marino ''and'' Rimini's Coast motorcycle Grand Prix, which as the name said, it's held in Rimini - specifically, the Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli. Also, San Marino became the smallest country to ever win a medal at the UsefulNotes/OlympicGames when Alessandra Perilli won a bronze medal in women's trap shooting at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.
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16	San Marino is not a member of the [[UsefulNotes/TheEuropeanUnion EU]] or EFTA, but maintains a customs union and an open border policy with Italy, which means anyone who can enter Italy have the right to enter San Marino.
17	----
18	[[AC:The Sammarinese Flag]]
19	[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/flag_of_san_marino.png]]
20	->White and blue symbolize peace and liberty, respectively; at the center is the coat of arms.
21	----
22	[[AC:Coat of arms of San Marino]]
23	[[quoteright:200:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/coat_of_arms_of_san_marino.png]]
24	->The coat of arms is a crowned shield showing [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Titano Monte Titano]], the country's highest point, whose three summits are topped by the towers of Guaita, Cesta and Montale, each decorated with a weather vane shaped like an ostrich feather; on either side of the shield are oak and laurel branches, symbolizing national stability and the defense of San Marino's sovereignty, respectively, and below is the national motto: "Libertas" ("Freedom" in Latin).
25	----
26	[[AC:The Sammarinese national anthem]]
27
28	->O antica Repubblica
29	->Onore a te virtuosa
30	->Onore a te.
31
32	->O antica Repubblica
33	->Onore a te virtuosa
34	->Onore a te.
35
36	->Generosa fidente,
37	->Virtuosa,
38	->O, Repubblica.
39
40	->Onore e vivi eterna
41	->Con la vita
42	->E gloria d'Italia.
43
44	->O Repubblica
45	->Onore a te.
46	--
47	->O ancient Republic
48	->honour to you, virtuous
49	->honour to you.
50
51	->O ancient Republic
52	->honour to you, virtuous
53	->honour to you.
54
55	->Generous fidelity,
56	->O virtuous one,
57	->O Republic.
58
59	->Honour and eternal life
60	->with the life
61	->and glory of Italy.
62
63	->O Republic,
64	->honour to you.
65	----
66	[[AC:Government]]
67	* Unitary assembly-independent diarchic directorial republic
68	** Captains Regent: Filippo Tamagnini and Gaetano Troina
69	----
70	[[AC:Miscellaneous]]
71	* '''Capital:''' San Marino
72	* '''Largest settlement:''' Dogana
73	* '''Population:''' 33,600
74	* '''Area:''' 61.2 sq km (23.6 sq mi) (190th)
75	* '''Currency''': Euro (€) (EUR)
76	* '''ISO-3166-1 Code:''' SM
77	* '''Country calling code:''' 378
78	** While San Marino has its own country code, it's also integrated into the Italian phone network. The following phone numbers are thus equivalent:
79	-->0549 xxx xxx (from Italy [also Vatican City])
80	-->+378 xxx xxx (from the rest of the world)
81	-->+39 0549 xxx xxx (from the rest of the world, using the Italian country code)
82	-->+378 0549 xxx xxx (from the rest of the world, using the San Marino country code and the Italian area code)
83	* '''Highest point:''' Monte Titano (755 m/2,477 ft) (172nd)

Context UsefulNotes / SanMarino