Line #345 ShoutOut/MarathonExpandedUniverse


1	The {{Game Mod}}s for Creator/{{Bungie}}'s VideoGame/{{Marathon}} that we've collectively dubbed the ''VideoGame/MarathonExpandedUniverse'' have taken cues from their source material by including a ton of [[ShoutOut Shout-Outs]], especially in level names.
2
3	[[foldercontrol]]
4	[[folder:''Tempus Irae'' Levels]]
5
6	Most of these have been explicitly confirmed by their creators:
7
8	* "Ain't My Bitch" - first song of Music/{{Metallica}}'s ''Load'' (1996)
9	* "Gates of Delirium" - first song of Music/{{Yes}}' ''Relayer'' (1974)
10	* "Downward Spiral" - Music/NineInchNails' second album ''Music/TheDownwardSpiral'' (1994)
11	* "Brain Damage" - penultimate song of Music/PinkFloyd's ''Music/TheDarkSideOfTheMoon'' (1973)
12	* "The Revealing Science of God" - first song of Music/{{Yes}}' ''Tales from Topographic Oceans'' (1974)
13	* "Never Satisfied" - seventh song of Music/JudasPriest's debut album ''Rocka Rolla'' (1974)[[note]]Nardo considered this as an unofficial motto, referring to their perfectionism[[/note]]
14	** "What's in a Name?" - a number of sources; originally a ShoutOutToShakespeare (it's in ''Theatre/RomeoAndJuliet''); it's also the name of a game show (which the level creator claimed as the source of the puzzle name) and a section on the Marathon's Story page.
15	* "You Gotta Sin to Get Saved" - 1993 album by singer-songwriter Maria [=McKee=]
16	* "KMG-365" - reference to the TV show ''Emergency Squad 51''
17	* "Il grande silenzio" (secret level from 2020 remake) - 1968 spaghetti western directed by Sergio Corbucci and with a soundtrack by Music/EnnioMorricone, named ''Film/TheGreatSilence'' in English-speaking markets.
18	* "Mt. Vesuvius 2 - Electric Boogaloo" - play on ''Film/Breakin2ElectricBoogaloo'' (and of course a case of OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo). (Since ''Redux'' recombines the two "Mt. Vesuvius" levels into one, this title only appears in the 1997/2006 release.)
19	* "For Your Eyes Only" - Franchise/JamesBond [[Film/ForYourEyesOnly film]]
20	* "The Library of Babel" (interlude level added to ''Redux'' to link the main game and ''The Lost Levels'') - [[Literature/TheLibraryOfBabel short story]] by Creator/JorgeLuisBorges, originally published as "La biblioteca de Babel" in his collection ''El Jardín de senderos que se bifurcan'' (''The Garden of Forking Paths'', 1941), which in turn was reprinted in full in his widely-republished collection ''Ficciones'' (''Fictions'', 1944). It was first translated to English in 1962 - twice, as it turns out: one by James E. Irby in the collection ''Labyrinths'' and another by Anthony Kerrigan in a collaborative translation of ''Ficciones''.
21
22	The sequel ''Tempus Irae II: The Lost Levels'' itself is a reference to ''VideoGame/SuperMarioBrosTheLostLevels'', one of the most infamous cases of NoExportForYou, MissionPackSequel, and SequelDifficultySpike - fitting in the latter two cases as it includes the same textures and is quite a bit harder than the original ''Tempus Irae'', though not to the point of PlatformHell as the ''Mario'' game was (except maybe on the highest difficulties).
23
24	* "Prison Sex" - second song of Tool's ''Undertow'' (1993)
25	* "This Is the First Day" - first line of Music/NineInchNails' "Wish", the second track of their EP ''Broken'' (1992)
26	* "Big Man with a Gun" - another Music/NineInchNails song, the ninth track of the aforementioned ''Music/TheDownwardSpiral'' (1994)
27	* "I Do Not Want This" - yet another Music/NineInchNails song, this time the eighth track from ''Music/TheDownwardSpiral'' (1994)
28	* "It Was a Dark and Stormy Night" - named after one of the most infamous and frequently parodied opening lines in literary history, appearing in Edward Bulwer-Lytton's novel ''Paul Clifford'', and later in ''Literature/AWrinkleInTime'' and countless ''ComicStrip/{{Peanuts}}'' strips.
29	* "Epicus Doomicus Metallicus" - named after the 1986 debut album of Swedish DoomMetal band Music/{{Candlemass}}, probably their most famous and influential album
30	[[/folder]]
31
32	[[folder:Other ''Tempus Irae'' shout-outs]]
33	* Most of the terminal images on Italian levels include facsimiles of Leonardo's trademark backwards handwriting. Most of the second image in ''The Gates of Delirium'' (the page starting with "...the purpose, whatever it may be") is from Creator/{{Petrarch}}'s ''Canzoniere'' #365. This sonnet also appears in the text of a terminal from "Hang to Dry", so it is described below. The first few lines are from ''Canzoniere'' #269 ([[MemeticMutation nice]]). They read (with words that are omitted from the image in parentheses):
34	---> (O nostra vita ch'è sí bella in) vista,\
35	com perde agevolmente in un matino\
36	quel che 'n molti anni a gran pena s'acquista!
37	** [[https://petrarch.petersadlon.com/canzoniere.html?poem=269 A. S. Kline]] translates this as:
38	----> O this life of ours, which is so fair, outwardly,\
39	how easily it loses in a morning\
40	what many years with great pain have acquired!
41	* A secret terminal in "The Revealing Science of God" contains an excerpt of Creator/{{Petrarch}}'s ''Canzoniere'' #22:
42	---> Con lei foss'io da che si parte il sole,\
43	et non ci vedess'altri che le stelle,\
44	sol una nocte, et mai non fosse l'alba;\
45	et non se transformasse in verde selva\
46	per uscirmi di braccia, come il giorno\
47	ch'Apollo la seguia qua giú per terra.\
48	\
49	Ma io sarò sotterra in secca selva\
50	e 'l giorno andrà pien di minute stelle\
51	prima ch'a sí dolce alba arrivi il sole.
52	** And translates it as:
53	----> To be with her when the sun fades,\
54	To be seen by none but the stars\
55	For one night, never to greet the dawn;\
56	She never transformed into green wood\
57	To flee my arms, as happened the day\
58	That Apollo harried her across the Earth!\
59	\
60	But I shall be under the earth,\
61	And the day will be filled with tiny stars\
62	Before such a sweet dawn shall arrive.
63	* "Hang to Dry" quotes Petrarch's ''Canzoniere'' #365 in full:
64	---> I’ vo piangendo i miei passati tempi\
65	i quai posi in amar cosa mortale,\
66	senza levarmi a volo, abbiend’io l’ale,\
67	per dar forse di me non bassi exempi.\
68	\
69	Tu che vedi i miei mali indegni et empi,\
70	Re del cielo invisibile immortale,\
71	soccorri a l’alma disvïata et frale,\
72	e ’l suo defecto di tua gratia adempi:\
73	\
74	sí che, s’io vissi in guerra et in tempesta,\
75	mora in pace et in porto; et se la stanza\
76	fu vana, almen sia la partita honesta.\
77	\
78	A quel poco di viver che m’avanza\
79	et al morir, degni esser Tua man presta:\
80	Tu sai ben che ’n altrui non ò speranza.
81	** And translates it as:
82	----> I go in grief for the times I spent,\
83	bent to the love of a mortal thing,\
84	never lofting the wings of my soul\
85	to fly after your perfect image.\
86	\
87	You who know my disgraceful sins,\
88	King of Heaven, shadowed, shining,\
89	pity my soul, weak and astray,\
90	and repair my faults with your grace.\
91	\
92	And as my life was wind and storm,\
93	having found port, let me die in peace.\
94	If life was vain, the parting is honest.\
95	\
96	In these moments of life that remain to me,\
97	and in my death, Lord, save me:\
98	you know I have no hope but you.
99	* A secret terminal in "I Can Feel It" mentions several musicians, games, and films that inspired its designer (one of the game's most prolific level designers and artists, and also the director of ''Redux''):
100	** Musicians: Music/TangerineDream, Music/NineInchNails, Music/{{Metallica}}, Music/PinkFloyd, Music/{{Yes}}, and Music/MikeOldfield
101	** Games: ''VideoGame/Doom64'', ''VideoGame/{{Marathon}}'' (big surprise), ''VideoGame/{{Quake}}'', ''VideoGame/TombRaiderI'', and ''VideoGame/{{Turok}}''
102	** Films: ''Film/{{Alien}}'', ''Film/TwoThousandOneASpaceOdyssey'', and ''Film/TheFifthElement''
103	* A secret terminal in "Silent as the Grave" quotes Creator/WilliamButlerYeats' famous poem "Literature/TheSecondComing" in its entirety.
104	* ''Redux'' uses some of Music/NineInchNails' actual music, though it's not yet confirmed how many levels or tracks; however, "From Now We Go On" [[https://youtu.be/4oT2k8mi0No is shown in a video]] to use "34 Ghosts IV". Nine Inch Nails released ''Ghosts I-IV'' and ''The Slip'' under a Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Share-Alike license allowing distribution or reuse under certain conditions[[labelnote:Note]]Namely:\
105	Attribution: the artist must be conspicuously credited without suggesting they actively endorse the work the material is used in;\
106	Noncommercial: material cannot be used in for-profit works;\
107	Share-alike: license applies recursively; that is, copies and adaptations must be licensed under the same or a similar license[[/labelnote]], so the songs in the game are almost certainly from those albums.
108	* ''Redux'', as seen in [[https://youtu.be/ca76lwr1uVg this video]], adds a secret terminal in "KMG-365" with a lengthy message from an anonymous source who claims to be "a high-ranking Pfhor official who's quietly been working to undermine the Empire for – well, I don't think you'd believe how long; I certainly wouldn't." (Players of ''Eternal'' 1.3 may correctly surmise the sender to be [[spoiler:Hathor, after her HeelFaceTurn, in her guise as the Hindmost Crèche / Great Mother Crouched Behind the Throne]].) Her message is titled "Book of Armaments", a reference to ''Film/MontyPythonAndTheHolyGrail''[='=]s Holy Hand Grenade scene.
109	[[/folder]]
110
111	[[folder:''Eternal'' Level Names]]
112	This list is no doubt incomplete, and because the levels have been reshuffled several times, you will not see all these titles in all versions of ''Eternal''. Nonetheless:
113
114	* "Remedial Chaos Theory" (name used [[https://youtu.be/CAfdb_EwhTY starting in 1.3]]) - [[Recap/CommunityS3E04RemedialChaosTheory season 3, episode 4]] of ''Series/{{Community}}''[[note]]Per creator commentary, the episode title was used in large part because this is the first level after a timeline divergence, and ''Community''[='=]s use of alternate timelines, although mostly PlayedForLaughs, functions very similarly to ''Eternal''[='=]s[[/note]]
115	* "To Sleep, Perchance to Dream" - quote from ''Theatre/{{Hamlet}}''[='=]s "To Be or Not to Be" soliloquy in his eponymous play by Creator/WilliamShakespeare, ca. 1600 (also the source for for "The Slings & Arrows of Outrageous Fortune" from ''Marathon 2'').
116	* "Enantiodromia" (title introduced in April 2022, replacing "Hysterical Womb") - major concept of the Greek philosopher Heraclitus; as explained under GratuitousGreek on the main page, this has been one of ''Eternal''[='=]s main themes since its first release, and it's also central to a plot arc that begins on this exact level.
117	** The codirector confirms in a [[https://youtu.be/q9-6sgYVAUY YouTube video description]] that the title is primarily intended as a reference to Heraclitus, with "bonus secondary references" to Creator/FriedrichNietzsche (who discusses the idea in ''Human, All Too Human'' and ''Beyond Good and Evil'' - see "Other ''Eternal'' Shout-outs" below for further Nietzsche references) and Music/DeathspellOmega, whose ''The Long Defeat'' (which is full of references to Heraclitus) opens with a song entitled "Enantiodromia" (the codirector's Website/YouTube channel, though it mostly focuses on ''Marathon'' gameplay, also features a remastered version of Deathspell's ''Fas - ite, maledicti, in ignem aeternum'' - which, as a warning to the uninitiated, is a ''very, very intense'' BlackMetal album; said remaster is [[https://youtu.be/Jt5V6UdnBFw here]]). However, the primary ShoutOut here is Heraclitus.
118	* "Unity of Opposites" (new level name in 1.3 as of September 2022, replacing "Unpfhorseen") - another reference to Heraclitus, relating to enantiodromia and nondualism, both central themes of the game. Heraclitus saw everything as being in constant change, yet remaining the same, comparable to the modern aphorism "The more things change, the more they stay the same." The universe contains a unity of opposites in simultaneously encompassing difference and sameness. "The road up and the road down are the same thing," as Heraclitus wrote, since a slanted road is by necessity an ascent in one direction and a descent in the other. Likewise, every changing object contains at least one opposite (though not necessarily simultaneously) and every pair of opposites is contained in at least one objects. The succession of opposites is itself the basis for change: "Cold things grow hot, hot things grow cold, a moist thing withers, a parched thing is wetted."
119	* "May the Pfharce Be With You" - corrupted quote from ''Franchise/StarWars'' (level was combined with "Forever My Greatest and Only Love" and subsequently renamed for 1.2)
120	* "Killing the Giants as They Sleep" (composite level introduced in 1.2) - named for the sixth track of Music/{{Panopticon}}'s 2012 album ''Kentucky''
121	* "My Kingdom Pfhor a Horse" - corruption of quote from ''Theatre/RichardIII''
122	* "The World Is Hollow" - reference to the ''Series/StarTrekTheOriginalSeries'' episode "[[Recap/StarTrekS3E8ForTheWorldIsHollowAndIHaveTouchedTheSky For the World Is Hollow and I Have Touched the Sky]]" (though the phrase "the hollow world" also appears in the terminal text for "Flight of Icarus", along with two of the other "success dream" titles)
123	** "Terra est inánis et vacua" (Latin translation thereof[[note]]literally "The World Is Without Form and Void", "The World Is Unseen and Unformed", "The World Is Formless and Empty", "The World Is Void and Waste"... there are [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohu_wa-bohu numerous translations]] of this phrase. "Without form, and void" is the KJV translation and probably the most famous[[/note]] used as a subtitle of this level starting in 1.3) - slight paraphrase of the Vulgate Literature/BookOfGenesis 1:2; however, the game's codirector and Latin translator confirms in a [[https://youtu.be/q9-6sgYVAUY YouTube video description]] that it's meant as a ShoutOut to Music/GodspeedYouBlackEmperor's ''Slow Riot for New Zerø Kanada'' (which contains the same verse's Hebrew original on its cover) and "not [...] to express any religious belief (or lack thereof)".
124	* "The Abyss Gazes Also" (level name in 1.3, replacing "S'pht Happens") - reference to a famous quote from Creator/FriedrichNietzsche's ''Beyond Good and Evil''[='=]s Aphorism 146 (1886): “HeWhoFightsMonsters should see to it that he himself does not become a monster. And if you gaze for long into an abyss, the abyss gazes also into you.”[[labelnote:German original]]„Wer mit Ungeheuern kämpft, mag zusehn, dass er nicht dabei zum Ungeheuer wird. Und wenn du lange in einen Abgrund blickst, blickt der Abgrund auch in dich hinein.“[[/labelnote]] [[spoiler:Leela has just gazed into an abyss and is quite clearly shaken by it.]]
125	* "...how deep the rabbit hole goes" - quote from ''Film/TheMatrix'' (1999, dir. the Wachowskis). (This is a combined version of the levels "Eat S'pht and Die" and "Flight of Icarus" from previous versions of the game.)
126	* "Second to Last of the Mohicans" - named for Creator/JamesFenimoreCooper's novel ''Literature/TheLastOfTheMohicans''
127	* "Third Rock from Lh'owon" - presumably a reference to ''Series/ThirdRockFromTheSun''
128	* "Flight of Icarus" (name used in 1.2.x and early previews of 1.3) - in addition to the mythical reference found in this and the original name "Flames of Icarus", this doubles as a reference to the third track of Music/IronMaiden's ''Piece of Mind'' (1983)
129	* "Waiting for Black Metal Records to Come in the Mail" - song from Music/HaveANiceLife's 2008 debut album ''Deathconsciousness''. (This is the new name for "Third Rock from Lh'owon" after 1.3 preview 4 moved it to Lh'owon.)
130	* "The Incredible Hulk" - [[ComicBook/TheIncredibleHulk comic franchise of the same name]]
131	* "Babylon X" - A result of the TV series ''Series/Babylon5'' being combined with XMakesAnythingCool, though whether "X" is meant to be pronounced "X" or "Ten" is syntactically ambiguous. (This level was known as "Babylon VII" in ''Eternal''[='=]s original Mark releases, but the developers have pronounced the later title as [[FlipFlopOfGod both "X" and "Ten"]] in their commentary.)
132	* "Eádem, sed aliter" - a quotation from philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer's magnum opus ''The World as Will and Representation''. Schopenhauer wrote that the motto of history should be "Eádem, sed aliter", which is [[GratuitousLatin/MarathonExpandedUniverse Latin]] for "Likewise, but differently". This seemingly paradoxical phrase can be considered to dovetail with the unity of opposites (discussed above). And it also serves as a LeaningOnTheFourthWall description of how the failure branch and success branch paths differ: in all five branch levels, [[spoiler:the success path contains an action that is absent from the failure path, but is otherwise identical in every aspect - hence, likewise, but different.]] As with "Enantiodromia", a secondary reference can be inferred to Music/DeathspellOmega's ''The Long Defeat'', which also has a song with this title.
133	* "Once More Unto the Breach..." - line from ''Theatre/HenryV''
134	* "This Cave Is Not a Natural Formation" - line from ''VideoGame/HaloCombatEvolved''[[note]]Known as "Not a Natural Formation" in 1.0, renamed to "These Caves Can't Be a Natural Formation" in 1.1, and corrected to Cortana's exact quote in 1.2.1. It's loosely based on a level that was called "Ducky Go Down the Hole" in the Mark versions, but only a few portions of the level are the same.[[/note]]
135	** 1.3 [[https://youtu.be/fvng8L307d4?t=1376s renames it]] to "Haec caverna nón fórmátió nátúrális" (the Latin equivalent) for the RuleOfFunny of rendering such an infamously stupid line in a language commonly used to sound smart
136	* "I've Got a Bad Feeling About This" - every ''Franchise/StarWars'' film ever[[note]]Interestingly, one of the unused Bob sounds featured Doug Zartman reading this line[[/note]]
137	** 1.3 changes this title to "Teneó affectum malum dé hóc" (again, the Latin equivalent), also for RuleOfFunny
138	* "This Message Will Self-Destruct" - recurring line from the ''Mission: Impossible'' [[Series/MissionImpossible TV series]] and [[Film/MissionImpossibleFilmSeries films]]
139	* All the failure dreams ("The Tangent Universe", "The Living Receiver", "The Tangent Universe", "The Ensurance Trap", "The Philosophy of Time Travel") are named after elements of ''Film/DonnieDarko'' (note that some of these are only named in supplemental materials to the film)
140	** plus all the levels named after lines from the trilogy: "She Is the Dark One", "Forever My Greatest and Only Love" (level removed from 1.1 and folded into "Killing the Giants as They Sleep" for 1.2 as noted above), "We Met Once in the Garden" (all three are quotes from the garbled "Kill Your Television" terminal that provides the backbone for the entire scenario's story), "Frog Blast the Vent Core" (phrase shouted by assimilated Bobs; changed to "Rána explóde corpus spírámentí", a ''very'' loose rendering of the phrase into Latin, in 1.3)
141
142	''Eternal'' Mark V, which was almost completely remade for 1.0.x to the point where it could be considered a completely different (albeit vastly inferior) game, had several additional shout-outs in its level titles, including:
143	* "I Can't Believe It's Not Total Carnage!" - take-off on the butter substitute I Can't Believe It's Not Butter
144	* "Can't TOZT This" - pun on Music/MCHammer's most famous hit, "U Can't Touch This", from his 1990 album ''Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em''
145	* "Carnagee Hall" - pun on the famous concert venue Carnegie Hall
146	* "War and Peace" - shout-out to Creator/LeoTolstoy novel ''Literature/WarAndPeace'', first serialised from 1865-1867 and then published in its entirety in 1869
147	* "Back to the Future" - shout-out to the [[Franchise/BackToTheFuture franchise]] starting with [[Film/BackToTheFuture1 the 1985 film]] directed by Creator/RobertZemeckis and starring Creator/MichaelJFox and Creator/ChristopherLloyd
148	* "Mad World" - single by Music/TearsForFears from their 1983 album ''Music/TheHurting'', later CoveredUp (for listeners of a certain age, at least) by Gary Jules and featured in the film ''Film/DonnieDarko''
149	* "Ducky Go Down the Hole" - reference to the ''WesternAnimation/TinyToonAdventures'' episode "[[Recap/TinyToonAdventuresS2E9HennyYoungmanDay Henry Youngman Day]]"
150	* "We Interrupt This Project to Annoy You..." / "...and Make Things Generally Irritating" - slight paraphrase of a quote from ''Series/MontyPythonsFlyingCircus'' (the original had "program" rather than "project")
151	[[/folder]]
152
153	[[folder:Other ''Eternal'' Shout-Outs]]
154	* The start of ''Eternal'' has Marcus and Hathor departing K'lia exactly 111 years after the start of ''Marathon''. Likely always intended as a reference to Bilbo Baggins' 111st birthday party at the start of Creator/JRRTolkien's ''Literature/TheLordOfTheRings'' (1954-1955); in 1.3, Hathor [[https://youtu.be/i_PrZ9q8vIo?t=228 says "eleventy-one" in her introductory terminal]], removing any doubt.
155	* Also in 1.3, she uses the word "grok" in the same terminal, which originated in Creator/RobertAHeinlein's ''Literature/StrangerInAStrangeLand'' (1961), one of the {{Trope Codifier}}s for FreeLoveFuture. ''Eternal'' 1.3 implies its setting to be a FreeLoveFuture a few times; "Bug-Eyed in Space" and "Once More unto the Breach..." probably contain the clearest evidence.
156	* In "Deja Vu All Over Again", one of the ''Marathon'' crew (presumably [=R McCollum=]) says of Durandal's erratic behaviour, "I'd rather not be waiting out here with flashbacks to ''2001''", referring to the [[Literature/TheSpaceOdysseySeries novel]] by Creator/ArthurCClarke (1968) and the [[Film/TwoThousandOneASpaceOdyssey film]] directed by Creator/StanleyKubrick (also 1968).[[note]]According to Clarke, the novel should really be credited to "Clarke and Kubrick" and the screenplay to "Kubrick and Clarke".[[/note]] Specifically, [=McCollum=] is comparing Durandal to HAL 9000, who is probably the TropeCodifier for AIIsACrapshoot (he [[spoiler:goes rogue and murders the crew because of a LogicBomb accidentally created by his programmers]]).
157	* The musical soundtrack for this level, as of 1.3 preview 6, contains several disparate musical references:
158	** The second movement mashes up ''Marathon''[='=]s "Landing" with two tracks from Chris Christodoulou's ''VideoGame/RiskOfRain2'' soundtrack, namely "The Rain Formerly Known as Purple" and "A Glacier Eventually Farts". Regarding the former, the game's codirector (and one of the co-creators of the level music) wrote on Discord:
159	---> the instant i heard "The Rain Formerly Known as Purple", i noticed how similar its main synth hook was to "Landing"; the moment i found out ''[=RoR2=]'' composer Chris Christodoulou had released the stems for the OST, i immediately knew i'd have to make a mash-up of the two songs.
160	** Meanwhile, "A Glacier Eventually Farts" made its way in because it had a "similar twelve-bar structure", chord progression, and mood to "Landing".
161	** The level soundtrack also contains two brief quotes of Music/MickGordon's "The Only Thing They Fear Is You" (from the similarly named ''VideoGame/DoomEternal'').
162	** Finally, the drum part quotes the drum intro from Music/{{Nirvana}}'s "Scentless Apprentice" a few times.
163	* In "Dysmentria" (version 1.3), Hathor uses the phrase, "Go do that voodoo that you do so well," a verbatim quote of Hedy Lamarr (that's Hedley!) from ''Film/BlazingSaddles''.[[note]]The hell are you worried about? This is 1874 - you'll be able to sue [[Creator/HedyLamarr her]]![[/note]]
164	* In 1.3, Durandal's lengthy terminal in "Roots and Radicals" contains at least two.
165	** He writes "''Ego delendus sum'': I am to be destroyed, am I not?" This is a reference to a famous phrase from Roman politician Cato the Censor, "''Carthago delenda est''." See ''Marathon'''s [[GratuitousLatin/{{Marathon}} Gratuitous Latin page]] ''atque''[[labelnote:Translation]]and also[[/labelnote]] ''Eternal''[='=]s [[GratuitousLatin/MarathonExpandedUniverse Gratuitous Latin entry]] for more on this.
166	** He also writes, "Do with this slave-creature what thou wilt." This phrasing recalls Creator/AleisterCrowley's "'Do what thou wilt' shall be the whole of the Law", though we should note that Crowley meant "what thou wilt" less as an endorsement of hedonism than as a reference to his concept of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True_Will True Will]].
167	* A possibly strange musical example in the extended version of "Flowers in Heaven" used in "Heart of Fusion" as of 1.3 preview 5 is that the drum machine pattern is lifted from Music/PhilCollins' "[[Music/FaceValue In the Air Tonight]]" (it even samples the same drum machine, the Roland CR-78). There's also a close copy of its famous drum fill. This is [[https://1drv.ms/b/s!AuD0MykSsmaRqHp4u_8cmb4OF72b?e=u0LPx5 confirmed]] by its creator as a deliberate reference.
168	* Every level on the Pfhor planet in chapter two uses what the map scripts describe as a [[Music/AreYouExperienced purple haze]]. The Music/JimiHendrix ShoutOut is confirmed to be deliberate. 1.3 adds [[Music/PurpleRainAlbum purple rain]] to most of these levels (seen [[https://youtu.be/fQ8f-P-Fqbs?list=PLoysJW6pXQ6ng47pFUrCpxWtFDCeC28c- here]] and in several of the subsequent videos) as well; the Music/{{Prince}} ShoutOut is again confirmed to be deliberate.
169	* In the level "A Friend in Need", Leela says, "If you and Blake's men can get into the city and destroy the force field generator, the S'pht'Kr can make a flyby and demolish this entire complex from orbit. It is the only way we can be certain of victory." This is an oblique allusion to [[ItsTheOnlyWayToBeSure a popular phrase]] from the film ''Film/{{Aliens}}'' (1986, dir. Creator/JamesCameron).
170	* Starting in ''Eternal'' 1.3 preview 5, the background music for "Unlucky Pfhor Some" contains two blink-and-you'll-miss-it quotes of Music/VinceGuaraldi's "Linus and Lucy" (from ''WesternAnimation/ACharlieBrownChristmas'' and other ''Franchise/{{Peanuts}}'' specials). The game's readme credits Vince Guaraldi as a cowriter for the track, so it's clearly an intentional tribute.
171	* "The Midpoint of Somewhere" (a new level in 1.3 preview 4) has Leela-S'bhuth describe their:
172	--> One thousand years of solitude
173
174	----> staring into the abyss
175	** This contains two shout-outs: the first to Creator/GabrielGarciaMarquez's classic 1967 novel ''Literature/OneHundredYearsOfSolitude'' (Spanish: ''Cien años de soledad''), and another being (once again) to Nietzsche's ''Beyond Good and Evil'' (see "The Abyss Gazes Also" above for the context).
176	* The background music for "Babylon X" in 1.3 contains an extremely subtle one. The second movement is an arrangement of "What About Bob?" that lasts for exactly eight minutes and nineteen seconds. This is confirmed by its arranger to be a deliberate reference to [[https://marathon.bungie.org/story/ Marathon's Story page]] maintainer Hamish Sinclair ("H" and "S" are the eighth and nineteenth letters of the alphabet, respectively; see also "Easter Egg" on the main ''VideoGame/{{Marathon}}'' page for info on "Hats Off to Eight Nineteen" from ''Marathon Infinity'').
177	* "Bug-Eyed in Space" and "Once More unto the Breach" (which take place simultaneously in different timelines) are the first levels in which Leela brings up the {{Myth/Egyptian myth\|ology}}s of [[Characters/EgyptianMythology Hathor and Sakhmet]] (the latter seen under the more common spelling "Sekhmet"; both are acceptable romanisations). Leela goes into great detail on both goddesses, who were most often presented as different aspects of each other; post-preview 3, she explains her "lengthy Egyptian mythology lesson" by noting simply:
178	---> "I could name numerous parallels, but in short, [[spoiler:Hathor has undergone a personality shift so radical]] that, when I first encountered her again, I couldn't believe she was the woman [[spoiler:who'd served humanity so faithfully on the ''Marathon'' and Tau Ceti. Better that we call her Sakhmet.]]"
179	** Her terminal also contains an EarlyBirdCameo mention of [[spoiler:Apep]], who becomes quite important in chapter five by way of comparison to [[spoiler:a character who may in fact have been a GreaterScopeVillain throughout the game, namely the W'rkncacnter from ''VideoGame/PathwaysIntoDarkness'']].
180	* As of 1.3 preview 6, the soundtrack for "Bug-Eyed in Space" quotes Music/EnnioMorricone's title theme for ''Film/TheGoodTheBadAndTheUgly'' and Music/{{Metallica}}'s "Enter Sandman" for a few seconds each.
181	* Yet another musical example is a quote of "[[Music/MovingPicturesAlbum YYZ]]" by Music/{{Rush\|Band}}, which shows up towards the end of the arrangement of "Fat Man" in "Run, Coward!" It's quoted twice, which the creator has [[https://1drv.ms/b/s!AuD0MykSsmaRqHp4u_8cmb4OF72b?e=u0LPx5 confirmed]] is in turn a shout-out to Music/{{Mastodon}}'s "The Last Baron", which quotes the same "YYZ" riff twice in much the same manner. There's also an even briefer segment inspired by Music/JohannSebastianBach's ''StandardSnippet/ToccataAndFugueInDMinor, BWV 565'' (but not the segment you're probably expecting), again confirmed by the creator.
182	** A later version of this track adds two different quotes from Music/YokoKanno's "[[Anime/CowboyBebop Tank!]]", partly as a gag on its bass line being almost identical to the main riff of "Fat Man" (it's missing only one note). An even longer version of the extended organ solo also appears in the first movement, complete with yet another quote of ''Toccata and Fugue''.
183	** The OminousLatinChanting section in this track is an AffectionateParody of (and contains a few verbatim quotes of) the medieval Latin hymn [[DeathlyDiesIrae Dies Irae]].
184	* In "The Ensurance Trap", [[spoiler:Hathor, newly in possession of a Jjaro dreadnought,]] makes several {{Badass Boast}}s. Among these is:
185	----> "Now I am become God - no, now I am become Death, the Destroyer of Worlds."
186	:: The end of this sentence is a verbatim quote from the Literature/BhagavadGita that was made famous in the West by nuclear scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer in describing his reaction to the Trinity atom bomb test[=:=]
187	----> "We knew the world would not be the same. A few people laughed; a few people cried; most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad-Gita. Vishnu is trying to persuade the Prince that he should do his duty and, to impress him, takes on his multi-armed form and says, 'Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.' I suppose we all thought that, one way or another."
188	:: We should note that there are, of course, other translations of this passage. Another fair one might be "Death am I, and my present task destruction." (Also, "the Prince" to whom Oppenheimer refers is Arjuna.)
189	* "Floating in the Void" contains several [[ShoutOutToShakespeare shout-outs to Shakespeare]] - most specifically to Theatre/{{Hamlet}}'s most famous soliloquy. "To sleep, perchance to dream" has already been used as a level title; it opens Durandal-Thoth's terminal on this level as well. There's one specific reference to "the literary mind of the Old Bard". "Those who know what dreams do come within that sleep of death" paraphrases the line "for in that sleep of death, what dreams may come." "Thus conscience does make cowards of us all" is taken verbatim from the same soliloquy (before 1.3, it is paraphrased slightly as "Thus conscience makes cowards of us all"). [[spoiler:Incidentally, this also slightly {{foreshadow\|ing}}s the Jjaro's translation of their language into English, which assumes that Shakespeare's English is the "purest" example of the language and that more recent works are somehow corrupted; thus, all Jjaro terminals are translated into Elizabethan English.]]
190	* Beyond the level name mentioned above, there are several other references to ''VideoGame/HaloCombatEvolved'' in ''Eternal'', particularly in the fifth chapter. Nicholas Singer's three pieces for the soundtrack contain motifs from both ''Marathon'' and ''Halo''[='=]s soundtracks, and the idea of the Forerunners [[spoiler:being descendants of humanity who time-travelled to the past]] was taken from a draft of ''Halo''[='=]s story before Bungie went in a different direction. It has been also remarked that the level design seems intentionally reminiscent of ''Halo''[='=]s at times, which is undoubtedly no coincidence. The structure the player falls onto at the start of chapter five in both Mark V and 1.3 also looks a bit like (and, in Mark V, was actually intended to be) a Halo. There are undoubtedly further examples.
191	* In 1.3, one terminal in "Dark Grotto of the Lethe" (formerly "Deep into the Grotto") contains an excerpt from "Historia populí dé potestáte super armís", written InUniverse by a [[spoiler:Jjaro]] historian named Naomi Zinn. This is Latin for "A People's History of Arms Control", an obvious ShoutOut to ''A People's History of the United States'' by ''Howard'' Zinn. It's quite likely that Naomi's given name is also a ShoutOut to Howard's close friend, the linguist and political philosopher Noam Chomsky, since ''Naomi'' (נָעֳמִי‎, ''no'omí'', literally ''my pleasantness'') and ''Noam'' (נועם or נֹעַם, ''nó'am'', literally ''pleasantness'') have the same root. The codirector listing Chomsky as an influence (see below) may be a further hint that this is intentional; ''Eternal''[='=]s overall political stance is certainly quite compatible with both Zinn and Chomsky's.
192	* Also in "Dark Grotto of the Lethe", [[spoiler:Hathor]] writes, "''ego delenda sum'' - i must be destroyed." See our entry on [[spoiler:Durandal]]'s almost identical quote from "Roots and Radicals" above for links to more info about similar references on that level and in "Welcome to the Revolution" from the original ''Marathon''.
193	* “Apep”’s terminal from “This Message Will Self-Destruct”, introduced to 1.3, contains several.
194	** “The ''arkhé'' of this galaxy is fire” (like the references to enantiodromia) is a reference to the philosophy of Heraclitus, who believed the origin of the world was fire.
195	** It quotes ''ComicBook/{{Watchmen}}''’s [[spoiler:Ozymandias]] almost verbatim, down to “thirty-five minutes ago” (the Administrivia/{{Former Trope Namer\|s}} for YouAreTooLate, incidentally):
196	----> “I assure thee, ''[[GratuitousSpanish no soy ningún comandante incompetente Pfhor]]''. I would not tell thee my master-stroke if there remained the slightest chance of thee affecting it. [[spoiler:Admiral Ksandr launched the ''novam praemátúram'']] thirty-five minutes ago.”
197	** The terminal’s primary author has confirmed that “Everything hath proceeded according to my plans” is a mash-up of well-known phrases from ''Film/ReturnOfTheJedi''’s Emperor Palpatine (“Everything is proceeding as I have foreseen”) and ''Manga/DeathNote''’s Kira (“Just as planned”).
198	** “Thine entire quest hath been nothing but tilting at windmills” is, of course, a reference to Creator/MiguelDeCervantes’ ''Literature/DonQuixote''.
199	* Although this isn't confirmed, [[spoiler:[[https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/691755375329804318/811088711646314576/hathor-volat.gif Hathor's]] [[https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/691755375329804318/811086713711624192/hathor-impetit.gif cyborg]] [[https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/691755375329804318/811087500725977088/hathor-defendit.gif form]]]] in 1.3 may be at least partially an homage to a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHODAN rather famous example]] of AIIsACrapshoot from [[VideoGame/SystemShock one of Marathon's contemporary series]] – her largely black suit and {{Medusa}}-like hair are pretty big giveaways on this count. (Note that, despite their superficial similarities, the two do have some substantial differences in terms of characterisation, though - not least that [[spoiler:Hathor has undergone a HeelFaceTurn by the point Marcus "fights" her; she's mad at Marcus, but she acknowledges that it's her own fault, and she's not even trying to kill him, since she knows he has the wave motion cannon and gravitronic blades, which both nullify damage from wave motion cannon blasts if active]].)
200	* In [[spoiler:Hathor]]’s farewell message in “We Met Once in the Garden”, also introduced in 1.3, she makes several.
201	** “''Aut futue, aut pugnémus''”: In addition to being a SophisticatedAsHell PrecisionFStrike, this is a verbatim quote from Martial's ''Epigrams'' 11:20 (translating roughly as “[[spoiler:Either fuck me, or let's fight]]”), which the co-director [[https://youtu.be/lRA3MFW6Anw?t=715 describes]] (see video description) as "really quite a nasty piece of propaganda", but also notes as fitting Hathor's mood and the level's Latin subtitle perfectly ("Coíbámus ólim in hortó" can also translate as "We Copulated Once in the Garden" or "We Came Up Against [One Another] in the Garden"). See ''Eternal''[='=]s section under GratuitousLatin.{{Marathon Expanded Universe}} for further info on the translation and Latin obscenity more broadly.
202	** She makes two references to the writings of Creator/FriedrichNietzsche:
203	*** The phrase "EternalRecurrence" („ewige Wiederkunft“) comes from his writings. He seems to have first come up with the concept in 1881; he discusses it in ''The Gay Science'' (1882), ''Literature/AlsoSprachZarathustra'' (1883), and ''Ecce Homo'' (1888).
204	*** She also alludes to HeWhoFightsMonsters when she writes of [[spoiler:the ascended Jjaro’s conflict with the W'rkncacnter]], “the abyss has gazed into [[spoiler:the jjaro]], who have become enantiodromic mirrors of their foes.” See "The Abyss Gazes Also" in the level names section above for the source of this quote, which is also TropeNamer for HeWhoFightsMonsters. This is, as [[spoiler:Hathor]] herself notes, a further example of enantiodromia, discussed separately in the level name section above; Heraclitus was a clear influence on Nietzsche, and beyond this aphorism, ''Human, All Too Human'' Aphorisms 1-3 and ''Beyond Good and Evil'' Aphorism 2 also discuss enantiodromia.
205	** “A man hears what he wants to hear and disregards the rest” is a verbatim quote from Music/SimonAndGarfunkel’s “The Boxer”, found on ''Music/BridgeOverTroubledWater'' (1970).
206	** The quote:
207	----> Both take as granted that in-groups will be protected but not bound by the law, and that out-groups will be bound but not protected by it.
208	*** Is, as the author openly acknowledges, a close paraphrase of composer Frank Wilhoit’s [[http://crookedtimber.org/2018/03/21/liberals-against-progressives/#comment-729288 definition of conservatism]]:
209	----> There must be in-groups whom the law protects but does not bind, alongside out-groups whom the law binds but does not protect.
210	*** Her counterproposal:
211	----> The law must equally both protect and bind ''everyone'', including leaders
212	*** Is likewise a paraphrase of Wilhoit’s:
213	----> The law cannot protect anyone unless it binds everyone, and cannot bind anyone unless it protects everyone.
214	*** The author’s Pfhorums signature has included the latter quote (with attribution) for several years, so its provenance is hardly being kept secret. (The very next level’s secret credits terminal also mentions Wilhoit.)
215	** She also, of course, refers to Myth/{{Egyptian myth\|ology}} in comparing [[spoiler:the W’rkncacnter]] to [[Characters/EgyptianMythology Egyptian mythology’s Apep]], a GodOfChaos and GodOfEvil that wants to destroy existence itself. The parallels are close enough that [[spoiler:the W’rkncacnter]] qualifies as an {{Expy}} to some extent. Beyond that, she also discusses the myths of [[spoiler:her namesake and Sakhmet]] and acknowledges that [[spoiler:Sakhmet]] is a fair comparison for [[spoiler:the vengeful personality she'd gotten locked into for some 700 years]].
216	** It's subtle and obscure enough that, without official confirmation, it's hard to be certain it's intentional, but she ''may'' make one final shout-out (or TakeThat) in saying, "i can't accept the eternal recurrence they seek as fate inexorable." "Wyrd bið ful aræd" is a line from the Anglo-Saxon poem ''The Wanderer'' that is as famous as any line from Anglo-Saxon poetry can be said to be these days.[[note]]Creator/BernardCornwell and several TV series based on his works have each quoted it repeatedly, which has probably been a contributing factor. It's also been a song or album title for multiple musical acts, including the BlackMetal band Wodensthrone and the PowerMetal band Rebellion.[[/note]] It's traditionally been translated along the lines "Fate is wholly inexorable," but this reading has attracted criticism recently: ''wyrd'' is far more complex than our common understanding of ''fate'', and ''inexorable'' is but ''one'' possible meaning of ''aræd''. Rutgers University's Dr Aaron Hofstetter has [[https://oldenglishpoetry.camden.rutgers.edu/2017/06/08/wyrd-bid-ful-araed-the-wanderer-line-5b/ a lengthy exegesis]] explaining why he translates ''the same line'' as "The way of the world is ever an open book" - basically the exact opposite meaning! [[spoiler:Hathor]]'s unusual word order of "fate inexorable" may be meant to suggest the line from "The Wanderer", but since she's saying she ''doesn't'' accept fate inexorable (a nice real-life MythologyGag: [[spoiler:[[Characters/EgyptianMythology Hathor's namesake]] was strongly linked with fate in Myth/EgyptianMythology - but then, the Egyptians ''also'' didn't see fate as inexorable]]), the passage may be a playful TakeThat at the line's traditional translation. (Also, some trivia: Our word ''weird'' is a direct linguistic descendant of ''wyrd''. Also, Wyrd was a [[https://mythipedia.fandom.com/wiki/Wyrd deity]] in Creator/{{Bungie}}'s later series ''VideoGame/{{Myth}}'' - in fact, the creator of the world.)
217	* As of 1.3 preview 6, the level soundtrack for "We Met Once in the Garden" briefly quotes the ''Series/DoctorWho'' theme. The first movement is in a similar tempo and has a similar atmosphere to the Keff [=McCulloch=] arrangement from the era of Creator/SylvesterMcCoy's Seventh Doctor in particular.
218	* As of version 1.2.1, the penultimate level, "Where Giants Have Fallen", features a mournful bird song. [[spoiler:The song continues as all the enemies die off, so the only sounds left on the level by the end are howling wind and the bird's "poo-tee-weet?" - an intentional reference to the final phrase of Creator/KurtVonnegut's ''Literature/SlaughterhouseFive'' (confirmed by looking at the map in an editor, as "Poo-tee-weet?" is scrawled on it, as is "so it goes", another reference to the novel; also confirmed in a secret terminal in 1.3). Parallels can also be drawn between ''Eternal''[='=]s depiction of the Jjaro and ''Slaughterhouse-Five''[='=]s depiction of the Tralfamadorians; both works are subtly condemning fatalism. Like the parallels to Creator/MichaelMoorcock's writings, this apparently wasn't planned in the original release; the developers just noticed it later and ran with it.]]
219	* In 1.3, Custós' final message to the player (in "Where Giants Have Fallen") ends with the line "Avé atque valé", which translates from Latin as "Hail and farewell" or "I salute you, and goodbye". It comes from [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus_101 Catullus 101]], Creator/{{Catullus}}' elegy to his brother.
220	* Also in 1.3, Leela has two cryptic lines in [[GratuitousLatin/MarathonExpandedUniverse Latin]] in "Where Giants Have Fallen" (seen [[https://youtu.be/6LwxosRoBPw?t=5874s here]]): "imperátrícés cónstituunt malás amantés" and "débés tuum imperium vénumdare". These translate roughly as "Empresses make bad lovers" and "You should put your empire on sale", respectively, and are references to a similar couplet in Music/FleetwoodMac's "[[Music/{{Rumours}} Gold Dust Woman]]": "Rulers make bad lovers / You'd better put your kingdom up for sale."
221	* As of 1.3 preview 6, the fade-out to the version of "Splash (Marathon)" used on "Where Giants Have Fallen" briefly quotes Music/NobuoUematsu's "Terra's Theme" from ''VideoGame/FinalFantasyVI''. The co-director stated on Discord that this was a tribute to one of his favorite composers, who recently announced that his health issues will very likely render him unable to compose any further full game soundtracks.
222	* "The Near Side of Everywhere" opens with the complete "I have been Roland, Beowulf, Achilles, Gilgamesh" message from ''Marathon 2''[='=]s "Kill Your Television" to which the entire scenario is in fact a WholePlotReference. Notably, this version includes passages that were not present in ''Marathon 2'' itself; they were taken from Jason Jones' finger protocol text, as mentioned on [[https://marathon.bungie.org/story/kytterm.html the Marathon's Story Page]]. Before 1.3 preview 3, they were punctuated quite differently than the original text; however, they now have only slight differences. 1.3 also adds a complete Latin translation of the text in a later (optional) terminal in the same level, which seems to be meant as an OverlyLongGag. In recent versions, both terminals are printed entirely over [[https://www.dropbox.com/sh/e40ip01je2y3bkj/AAAZk3xD5pJzKeoBm_AFkkfoa/Resources/PICT artwork (beware spoilers, and note that a couple of images could qualify as vaguely NSFW)]] generated primarily from [=MidJourney=] prompts (02511 through 02519 for English, 03520 through 03533 for Latin).
223	* Starting in 1.3 preview 4, Durandal and Thoth make a few final shout-outs in "The Near Side of Everywhere", many tying in with [[spoiler:Hathor]]'s final message in "We Met Once in the Garden" (see above):
224	** Durandal recapitulates [[spoiler:Hathor]]'s discussion of Creator/FriedrichNietzsche's EternalRecurrence. In addition, "circumstances are indeed cyclical" is a CallBack to a phrase Thoth wrote at the end of ''Marathon 2''[='=]s level "Requiem for a Cyborg".
225	----> It seems circumstances are indeed cyclical; and in their rush to save ''themselves'', the [[spoiler:Ascended Jjaro]] have doomed not just [[spoiler:their forbears]] to immolation, but [[spoiler:the galaxy entire]]. And, having witnessed this, do they attempt to prevent it? Quite the contrary; they wish for its eternal recurrence.
226	** After saying that the [[spoiler:Ascended Jjaro]] "have effectively / built their civilization on the bedrock / of one woman's suffering" (i.e., [[spoiler:Hathor]]'s), Thoth alludes to Creator/UrsulaKLeGuin's classic short story "Literature/TheOnesWhoWalkAwayFromOmelas" (1973):
227	----> "we must not walk away from Omelas\
228	we must first [[spoiler:free the suffering child]]\
229	at its heart"
230	*** Which, interestingly, [[TakeAThirdOption takes the exact third option]] mentioned on Website/TVTropes, which the story itself never discusses. (Incidentally, Le Guin's story is another source quoted in the codirector's Pfhorums signature.)
231	** Durandal refers to Myth/{{Egyptian myth\|ology}} in discussing the mythical Hathor, Sakhmet, and Apep. Our [[Characters/EgyptianMythology Egyptian mythology characters page]] discusses all three in greater detail (Sakhmet is found under the more common spelling "Sekhmet"; both spellings are acceptable romanisations of the name).
232	** Durandal also makes a final reference to Heraclitus' writings by mentioning enantiodromia, discussed above in both the level names section's discussion of the level of the same name, and in this section's discussion of "We Met Once in the Garden". As Durandal says,
233	---> "Call it enantiodromia, if you must: in the absence of balance, forces may become their very own equal and opposite reactions. Nature abhors a vacuum, even one of balance."
234	* 1.3 has numerous shout-outs written in GratuitousLatin on several of the maps - so many they've gotten their own folder under GratuitousLatin.MarathonExpandedUniverse. The recipients of the shout-outs are spoiler tagged, in case anyone with a bit of Latin knowledge wants to figure them out for themselves. The shout-outs are most often to ProgressiveRock and ProgressiveMetal bands, but numerous other genres are represented as well, from [[spoiler:Music/JeffersonAirplane to Music/LizPhair to Dishwalla to Music/NineInchNails to Music/ThePolice]], and the lyric excerpts sometimes (though not always) have something to do with elements of the level, story, characters, or level title; occasionally they also constitute a StealthPun. The artist to receive the most of these is [[spoiler:Music/{{Tool}}]], with map writing on three different levels excerpting their lyrics. The codirector posted a [[https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/691755375329804318/915890641156857894/unknown.png screenshot of "Remedial Chaos Theory"]] that shows an example of this in a [[https://youtu.be/CAfdb_EwhTY YouTube video description]]. In this case, the map writing doubles as a reference to the level's [[Recap/CommunityS3E04RemedialChaosTheory namesake]], a ''Series/{{Community}}'' episode.
235	* In a secret terminal in "Where Giants Have Fallen", the codirector mentions several creators and works as influences, including:
236	** Authors: [[Music/DeathspellOmega Christian Bouché]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noam_Chomsky Noam Chomsky]], Creator/PhilipKDick, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_Goldman Emma Goldman]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraclitus Heraclitus]], Creator/UrsulaKLeGuin, Creator/AlanMoore, Creator/FriedrichNietzsche, Creator/GeorgeOrwell, Creator/TerryPratchett, Creator/ThomasPynchon, Creator/WilliamShakespeare, Creator/KurtVonnegut, Frank Wilhoit (see above)
237	** Musicians: Ashenspire, Music/BlutAusNord, [[VideoGame/RiskOfRain Chris]] [[VideoGame/RiskOfRain2 Christodoulou]], Music/DeathspellOmega, Music/BrianEno, Music/{{Enslaved}}, Music/{{Genesis\|Band}}, Music/GodspeedYouBlackEmperor, [[VideoGame/SuperMetroid Minako Hamano]], Music/HirokiKikuta, Music/KingCrimson, Music/KojiKondo, Music/{{Magma}}, Music/YasunoriMitsuda, Music/EnnioMorricone, [[Franchise/{{Halo}} Marty O'Donnell]], Music/{{Panopticon}}, Music/PinkFloyd, Ren Gill, [[Franchise/{{Halo}} Michael Salvatori]], Creator/NobuoUematsu, Music/{{Vangelis}}, [[Franchise/{{Metroid}} Kenji Yamamoto]]
238	** Films: ''Film/BladeRunner'', ''Film/BladeRunner2049'', ''Film/{{Brazil}}'', ''Film/{{Casablanca}}'', ''Film/DollarsTrilogy'', ''Film/TheGreatSilence'', ''Film/Moonlight2016'', ''Film/PansLabyrinth'', ''Film/TwoThousandOneASpaceOdyssey''
239	** Television: ''Series/{{Doctor Who}}'', ''Franchise/StarTrek''
240	** Creators or cocreators of several other mods also receive shout-outs, among them ''Tempus Irae'', ''Phoenix'', ''Apotheosis'', ''Yuge'', ''Rubicon'', ''Gemini Station'', and indeed ''Eternal'' itself.
241	* In addition to the above, the codirector has also confirmed Music/JohannSebastianBach, Music/PhilCollins, Music/TalkingHeads, Windir, and Music/FrankZappa as musical influences either in the [[https://1drv.ms/b/s!AuD0MykSsmaRqHp4u_8cmb4OF72b?e=u0LPx5 liner notes]] for their ''Marathon'' [[https://1drv.ms/u/s!AuD0MykSsmaRph-QWQl1PmXFYmsh?e=qrMk9B arrangement album]] (much of which was also added to ''Eternal'' in 1.3 preview 5), the comments to the [[https://youtu.be/bRiDh3PziWU YouTube video]] of same, or ''Eternal''[='=]s own readme.
242	* ''Eternal''[='=]s soundtrack also employs Music/FrankZappa's concept of xenochrony (in which an element originally written for one song is reused in another, often over an entirely different chord progression) liberally, although as of late September 2023, the clearest example by far is the "disco" movement of "Flippant" that 1.3 preview 6 is slated to use in "Once More Unto the Breach" - it reuses the organ solo from "Fat Man" and the main melody of "What About Bob?" in their entirety as guitar solos. Zappa has been explicitly cited as the inspiration for this. Another example of this occurs in the level "Run, Coward!" where, coincidentally (or not), wowbobwow and Aaron Freed's "disco" movement of "Fat Man" reuses the main melody of "What About Bob?" (plus an extended melody that Aaron wrote for the latter song in ''See You Starside: The Marathon Soundtrack Reimagined'').
243	* The readme included with version 1.3 has a couple. Of the S'pht Defenders, it says, "Try not to anger the friendly ones. [[Franchise/TheIncredibleHulk You wouldn't like them when they're angry]]." It also compares the gravitronic blade to a [[Franchise/StarWars lightsaber]], and regarding the ZX Class Wave Motion Cannon and ZX Class Gravitronic Blades, it mentions the UsefulNotes/ZXSpectrum.
244	[[/folder]]
245
246	[[folder:Marathon Rubicon]]
247	* One of the crewmen in the engineer lift maintenance log in "Honk If You're an Underpaid Cyborg" is named Upton Sinclair, after the author of ''Literature/TheJungle'' and ''Oil!'' (basis for ''Film/ThereWillBeBlood''), among others. Another is named Davis Hartman as a reference to two characters in ''Film/FullMetalJacket'' (1987, dir. Creator/StanleyKubrick, starring Creator/MatthewModine, Creator/AdamBaldwin, Creator/VincentDOnofrio, and Creator/RLeeErmey), J. T. Davis (better known as Joker) and Gunnery Sergeant Hartman (the TropeCodifier for DrillSergeantNasty).
248	* One of the terminals in "Like Flies on a Corpse" was written by a character named Mark Renton. This is the name of the protagonist of Creator/IrvineWelsh's ''Literature/{{Trainspotting}}'' (1993), ''Literature/{{Porno}}'' (2002), and ''Literature/{{Skagboys}}'' (2012), who is portrayed by Creator/EwanMcGregor in Creator/DannyBoyle's film adaptations of the first two, ''Film/{{Trainspotting}}'' (1996) and ''Film/T2Trainspotting'' (2017).
249	* The chapter name "Goethe's Faust" is named after, well, Creator/JohannWolfgangVonGoethe's ''Theatre/{{Faust}}'' (1808 and 1832).
250	* "The Ascension Factor" is named after a 1988 novel by Creator/FrankHerbert and Bill Ransom, the fourth (and final) novel in the ''Destination: Void'' series (also known as the Pandora Sequence or the [=WorShip=] series). This series is itself said to have been an influence on Bungie's games; ''The Jesus Incident'', an earlier novel in the series, takes place on a ship orbiting Tau Ceti and features [=AIs=] directing human colonists' response to a threat to their survival; ''Destination: Void'' itself may have influenced Durandal's Rampancy with its idea of "rogue consciousness".
251	* A log in "The Gators of NY" is verified by one "C.{Bukowski}"[[note]]punctuation as per terminal[[/note]], who is presumably named after the American poet and novelist Charles Bukowski.
252	* "People Under the Stairs" is named after the HorrorComedy film ''Film/ThePeopleUnderTheStairs'' (1991, dir. Creator/WesCraven).
253	* "Comfortably Numb" is of course named after the Music/PinkFloyd song from ''Music/TheWall'' (1979).
254	* "The Exit Door Leads In" is named after a Creator/PhilipKDick short story published in 1979.
255	* In "iwannavacuum", after remarking on the current state of the Pfhor Empire, Durandal asks the player if they ever read Edward Gibbon's ''The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'' (1776-1789), a classic historical treatment of ExactlyWhatItSaysOnTheTin.
256	* The first four lines of the terminal in "Just a Little Further" are from ''Theatre/{{Othello}}'' (they are spoken by Iago, the main villain of the play, in Act I, Scene 2). The final line appears to be original to ''Rubicon''.
257	* ''Rubicon'' provides its own InUniverse history of artificial intelligences in the level "Rozinante XI". Two projects were started at a particular period of détente between three superpowers in Earth's history. One, established in Bungie's canon, was Traxus, which anyone who's played the first game is likely to remember. The other was Gaiman -- as in {{Creator/Neil\|Gaiman}}.
258	[[/folder]]
259
260	[[folder:Apotheosis]]
261	* The name of ''Apotheosis'' itself is a ShoutOut to ''Literature/TheGapCycle'' by Creator/StephenRDonaldson, in which the word ''apotheosis'' serves as [[spoiler:a code word to give one of the characters unrestricted access to his memory]]. Level names:
262	** "We Got Knives, Sharp Sticks": A quote from ''Film/{{Aliens}}'' (1986, dir. Creator/JamesCameron) uttered by the character Private Hudson, portrayed by the late Creator/BillPaxton:
263	---> '''Private Hudson''': "I'm ready, man, check it out. I am the ''ultimate'' badass! State of the badass art! You do ''not'' wanna fuck with me. Check it out! Hey Ripley, don't worry. Me and my squad of ultimate badasses will protect you! Check it out! Independently targeting particle beam phalanx. Vwap! Fry half a city with this puppy. We got tactical smart missiles, phased plasma pulse rifles, [=RPGs=], we got sonic electronic ball breakers! We got nukes, '''we got knives, sharp sticks'''..."\
264	'''Sergeant Apone''': "Knock it off, Hudson. All right, gear up."
265	** "43% Burnt": The SignatureSong of Music/TheDillingerEscapePlan, found on ''Calculating Infinity'' (1999).
266	** "Don't Step on the Mome Raths": Probably a reference to the works of Creator/LewisCarroll and their adaptations. The Mome Raths are originally mentioned in his poem "Literature/{{Jabberwocky}}" (1871); in the accompanying illustrations, they are pig-like creatures running around in the background. In Creator/{{Disney}}'s [[WesternAnimation/AliceInWonderland film adaptation]] (1951) of ''Literature/AliceInWonderland'', they are portrayed as a race of bipedal, flower-like creatures.
267	** "All Things Uncertain": A reference to the album ''The Attraction to All Things Uncertain'' (2001) by Tweaker, the (at the time) solo project of former Music/NineInchNails sideman Chris Vrenna.
268	** "Omega Devices for Dummies": A dual reference to Wiley Publishing's ''[[ParodiesForDummies ...for Dummies]]'' series and the Omega Devices in ''Series/DoctorWho'', a term sometimes referred to creations of the Time Lord Omega. "Remembrance of the Daleks" (1988) contained the first canonical usage of the phrase "Omega Device" as a reference to the Hand of Omega.
269	** "Calm Horizons": Name of an alien ship in ''Literature/TheGapCycle'' (see the info on the scenario name itself, above).
270	** "Gravin Threndor": A mountain in The Land in the ''Literature/ChroniclesOfThomasCovenant'' series by Creator/StephenRDonaldson. Also known as Mount Thunder or Peak of the Fire-Lions.
271	** "Planet Caravan": Third song on Music/BlackSabbath's ''Music/{{Paranoid\|Album}}'' (1970).
272	** "Perfect Day": Third song on Music/LouReed's ''Music/{{Transformer}}'' (1972).
273	* Although several of the above level titles are kept in ''Apotheosis X'', several others are modified. New titles include:
274	** "Cracks in the Pleasuredome": song by Pinch & Shackleton from their 2011 self-titled album
275	** "Lost Behind the Stars": slight paraphrase of a line from Beastwars' "Dune", from ''Blood Becomes Fire'' (2013).
276	** "Ghost Hardware": 2007 EP by Burial
277	** "One More Fluorescent Rush": single by Avalon Emerson from ''Whities 013'' (2017).
278	** "After the Flood", "Ascension Day": songs from Music/TalkTalk's ''Music/LaughingStock''.
279	** ''Art/SaturnDevouringHisSon'': famous {{painting\|s}} (c. 1819-1823) by Spanish artist Creator/FranciscoDeGoya.
280	** "The Arch of Time": the fundamental structure underlying the Land's universe in Donaldson's ''Chronicles of Thomas Covenant'' (see above).
281	* Beyond that, there are shout-outs elsewhere in the game in both versions.
282	** In "No Assembly Required", Noah says, "do not think that i came / to bring peace / i did not come / to bring peace / but a sword", which is a [[AsTheGoodBookSays very slight abridgement]] of the [[Literature/TheBible Matthew 10:34]] (it's missing "to the earth" after the first "to bring peace" - which is only natural, since the phrase wouldn't fit the context).[[labelnote:Other translations/languages]]This is apparently a combined version of two translations:\
283
284	*** The first of these, the English Standard Version, translates this verse as: "Do not suppose that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I did not come to bring peace, but a sword."
285	*** The second, the New International Version, translates it as: "Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I have not come to bring peace, but a sword."
286	*** Possibly more familiar to some readers than either is the King James Version, however: "Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword".
287	*** Meanwhile, for those conversant in Latin, the Vulgate of this verse is: "Nolite arbitrari quia venerim mittere pacem in terram: non veni pacem mittere, sed gladium", or "nōlīte arbitrārī quia vēnerim mittere pācem in terram: nōn vēnī pācem mittere, sed gladium". Interestingly, "I come not to send peace, but a sword" would be a more accurate translation of the second half of the Vulgate, but...
288	*** ...the Vulgate itself is likely mistranslated, since according to Westcott-Hort, the Greek version of this is: "Μὴ νομίσητε ὅτι ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν· οὐκ ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην, ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν," or "Mē nomisēte hoti ēlthon balein eirēnēn epi tēn gēn: ouk ēlthon balein eirēnēn, alla machairan." The translation of ''ἦλθον'' is ''I came'' (get your mind out of the gutter), which suggests that the Vulgate's use of present tense for the second half of this verse is incorrect.[[/labelnote]]
289	** The zombie Bobs in the original ''Apotheosis'' included the line "More human than human, that's my motto," a close paraphrase of Tyrell Corp's motto from ''Film/BladeRunner''.
290	** ''Apotheosis X''[='=]s track "Carpenter" is named for Creator/JohnCarpenter.
291	** In the credits terminal for ''Apotheosis X'', one of the co-creators included, "for no real reason", an AI-generated image of Music/{{Beyonce}} as [[Characters/DoctorWhoDoctors the Doctor]].
292	** Another co-creator featured a parody of the "Remember this / This is important" moment from [[WebAnimation/AwesomeSeries Metal Gear Awesome]], with an Enforcer replacing Meryl.
293	** The chapter screen for "Ascent" (can be seen [[https://lochnits.com/marathon/scenarios/terminals/apotheosisx_terminals/images.html#11511 here]], or [[https://youtu.be/z2TrOznstYg?t=1350 here at 22:30]]) is a homage to [[https://marathon.bungie.org/story/CM_compiler.html Craig Mullins' iconic S'pht fanart]].
294	[[/folder]]
295	[[folder:Other Fan Games]]
296	* In a later level of ''Courier 11'', you throw a rock at a switch to crush an otherwise-invincible Enforcer {{expy}}, just like the Rancor in ''Film/ReturnOfTheJedi''.
297	* The ship in ''Return to Marathon'' is called the ''Kubrick'', an obvious reference to legendary film director Creator/StanleyKubrick. This is a fairly good harbinger of what kinds of MindScrew and atmospheric horror await the player.
298	* ''Istoria'' has several:
299	** The level "Born Under Punches" is named after the first track on Music/TalkingHeads' ''Music/RemainInLight'' (1980).
300	** If you ask Ryan Morrison about [[Music/TheDoors doors]], he remarks, [[spoiler:"If there's one thing I've learned, it's that [[Music/StrangeDays people are strange]]."]]
301	** A character who first identifies as Dr. Chase then adds, "You can call me Al," referencing a famous song from Music/PaulSimon's ''Music/{{Graceland}}'' (1986) with a music video featuring Creator/ChevyChase.
302	[[/folder]]
303	[[folder:Other ''Marathon''-Related Content]]
304	* Aaron Freed's mapping guide has several.
305	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/mapmaking101.html Beginners’ guide]]:
306	*** Aaron writes, "you need to familiarize yourself with the fundamentals before moving onto more advanced techniques. (If you don’t know how to play a paradiddle, you aren’t ready to cover a Neil Peart solo.)" Neil Peart was Music/{{Rush}}'s late drummer and lyricist, who is considered one of the greatest drummers of all time and received widespread acclaim among other drummers for his mastery of drumming fundamentals - which, in fact, include the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_rudiment#Diddle_rudiments paradiddle]].
307	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/mapmaking.html Advanced guide]]:
308	*** A {{footnote\|fever}} {{lampshade\|Hanging}}s how silly the phrase "on the third hand" is by noting, "You don't have a third hand? Then you must not be Zaphod Beeblebrox" - referring, of course, to the President of the Galaxy in ''Franchise/TheHitchhikersGuideToTheGalaxy'' (who does in fact have three hands).
309	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/aboutme.html#bio Contact Info & Biography]]: The biography has several in a row.
310	----> "I’m not saying that because I think it’s worth being proud of having acquired so much useless and pointless knowledge, but what I do have are a very particular set of skills, skills I have acquired over a very long career. Skills that make me… oh, sorry, that’s ''Taken''."
311	*** The phrase "useless and pointless knowledge" comes from Music/BobDylan's "[[Music/Highway61Revisited Tombstone Blues]]":
312	----> Where Ma Rainey and Beethoven once unwrapped their bedroll\
313	Tuba players now rehearse around the flagpole\
314	And the National Bank at a profit sells road maps for the soul\
315	To the old folks' home and the college\
316	\
317	Now I wish I could write you a melody so plain\
318	That could hold you, dear lady, from going insane\
319	That could ease you and cool you and cease the pain\
320	Of your useless and pointless knowledge
321	*** The next phrase, as {{lampshade\|Hanging}}d immediately, comes from Creator/LiamNeeson's [[MemeticMutation famous monologue]] in ''Film/{{Taken}}'', which goes in its entirety:
322	----> "I don't know who you are. I don't know what you want. If you are looking for ransom, I can tell you I don't have money. But what I do have are a very particular set of skills, skills I have acquired over a very long career. Skills that make me a nightmare for people like you. If you let my daughter go now, that'll be the end of it. I will not look for you, I will not pursue you. But if you don't, I will look for you, I will find you, and I will kill you."
323	*** "Oh, sorry, that's ''Taken''" is a close paraphrase of a line from Creator/DavidTennant in the ''Series/DoctorWho'' episode "The Christmas Invasion", wherein Tennant's [[Characters/DoctorWhoTenthDoctor Tenth Doctor]] likewise quotes a different source at length before realizing what it is:
324	----> Look at these people, these human beings. Consider their potential. "From the day they arrive on the planet and, blinking, step into the sun. There is more to see than can ever be seen, more to do than can ever be" - no, hang on. Sorry, that's ''WesternAnimation/{{The Lion King\|1994}}''. But the point still stands: Leave them alone!
325	*** Which is, in fact, an almost verbatim quote of "Circle of Life".
326	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/mapcomplexity.html Map Complexity: A Case Study]]:
327	*** One of the endnotes says, "One of the crossbeams has gone out of skew on the treadle." This is a verbatim quote from ''Series/MontyPythonsFlyingCircus''[='=] "Spanish Inquisition" sketch - and it won't be the only one.
328	*** "Crossbeams: A Closer Look" is titled in the style of a popular segment from ''Series/LateNightWithSethMeyers''.
329	*** This section twice includes the word "trick" struck through and followed by an italicized ''illusion'', a reference to Gob Bluth's InsistentTerminology in the pilot of ''Series/ArrestedDevelopment''. (In the uncensored version of the pilot, the word "candy" was actually "cocaine".)
330	----> '''Gob:''' ''Illusion'', Michael. A trick is something a whore does for money.
331	---->'''''Michael''' silently gestures to nearby children listening in on their conversation.''
332	---->'''Gob:''' Or candy!
333	*** "The Law of Conservation of Sound Objects" may be a reference to this very wiki's LawOfConservationOfDetail.
334	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/mapindexreduction.html Map index reduction]]:
335	*** This page has an image of the level "Monument to All Your Sins" (whose name is itself a reference to a famous Gravemind quote in ''VideoGame/Halo2'') from [=RyokoTK=]'s ''Starlight'' called "Monument to Nonexistence", with the TitleText "I will destroy extraneous polygons! I will create a monument to fear, surprise, ruthless efficiency, an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope, and nice, red uniforms... oh, bugger." This refers, respectively, to a quote from ''VideoGame/FinalFantasyVI''[='=]s Kefka:
336	----> "I will destroy everything! I will create a monument to nonexistence!"
337	*** And Creator/MontyPython's Spanish Inquisition:
338	----> "Amongst our weaponry are such diverse elements as: fear, surprise, ruthless efficiency, an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope, and nice red uniforms - Oh, damn!"
339	*** The words "Oh, bugger" appear later in the episode - at its very conclusion, as it so happens.
340	*** The page also refers to El Estepario Siberiano, a drummer who has become famous for extremely complex, technically skilled, and entertaining one-handed covers of popular songs on Website/YouTube, as "possibly the greatest drummer alive" and cites his argument that "[[https://youtu.be/iproGrE6rCg talent is a lie]]".
341	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/marathonlooper.html Marathon: Looper]]:
342	*** The page's silly series of subtitles:
343	----> Marathon: Looper? I hardly know ’er!\
344	or, How I Learned to Remove Brief Gaps and Love Zero Crossings\
345	or, Looping Music pre-Aleph One 1.7: A Duty-Dance with Death
346	*** Respectively contains references to ''Film/{{Looper}}'' (2012, dir. Creator/RianJohnson, starring Creator/JosephGordonLevitt and Creator/BruceWillis), ''Film/DrStrangelove, or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb'' (1964, dir. Creator/StanleyKubrick, starring Creator/PeterSellers, Creator/SterlingHayden, and Creator/GeorgeCScott, Creator/SlimPickens, and Creator/JamesEarlJones) and Kurt Vonnegut's novel ''Literature/SlaughterhouseFive, or The Children's Crusade: A Duty-Dance with Death'' (1969).
347	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/marathonsounds.html Sounds & Sources]]:
348	*** A footnote notes that the Jjaro ship creak sound is:
349	----> Inexplicably labeled in the Lua mnemonics as ‘Nuclear Hard Death’, the physics’ name for the screen flash and sound effect made when Juggernauts die. (Worst Prince cover ever.) That sound is Juggernaut Exploding (#198, ID 14650).
350	*** "Worst Music/{{Prince}} cover ever" refers to Prince's famous track "When Doves Cry," from ''Music/PurpleRain''.
351	** [[https://aaronfreed.github.io/marathonmonsters.html Where Are Monsters in Marathon...Maps]]:
352	*** The phrase "{{something completely different}}" links to a clip of Creator/JohnCleese saying "And now for something completely different", most likely from an episode of ''Series/MontyPythonsFlyingCircus''.
353	[[/folder]]

Context ShoutOut / MarathonExpandedUniverse