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Changed line(s) 20,21 (click to see context) from:
All of this has led to a rather contentious debate (rather muted within China, rather loud outside it) as to whether or not the PRC can actually be considered "Socialist" or "Communist" any longer. While the CCP maintains a one-party state pretty rigidly, the economic reforms have lead to the creation of a fairly substantial middle-class bourgeoisie - and even a significant number of billionaires - conditions unthinkable in Mao's time. The existence of billionaires ''at all'' tends to drive many traditional Socialists absolutely bananas, since the total, non-negotiable destruction of the ''haute bourgeoisie'' is usually accepted as a core tenet of Marxist theory. At the same time, many of the basic social programs from Mao era were dismantled throughout the [=80s=], and by late [=90s=] even the iconic [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_rice_bowl iron rice bowl]] was gone, ''without'' introducing any replacements, but simply cutting down on expenses related to social security for many years. Proponents of the new economic system point to both the absolute explosion of literacy, educational attainment, and rising living standards for China as a whole, as well as the widely available and non-privatized medical system, as indicators that the nation is still very much Socialist in character. Critics often then counter with examples of poverty holes or worker exploitation (another theoretical anathema of Marxism) and economic abandonment of minorities, and, well... needless to say, it all gets rather heated the further into the debate one goes, so a curious reader may research further on their own.
to:
All of this has led to a rather contentious debate (rather muted within China, rather loud outside it) as to whether or not the PRC can actually be considered "Socialist" or "Communist" any longer. While the CCP maintains a one-party state pretty rigidly, the economic reforms have lead to the creation of a fairly substantial middle-class bourgeoisie - and even a significant number of billionaires - conditions unthinkable in Mao's time. The existence of billionaires ''at all'' at all tends to drive many traditional Socialists absolutely bananas, since the total, non-negotiable destruction of the ''haute bourgeoisie'' is usually accepted as a core tenet of Marxist theory. At the same time, many of the basic social programs from Mao era were dismantled throughout the [=80s=], and by late [=90s=] even the iconic [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_rice_bowl iron rice bowl]] was gone, ''without'' introducing any replacements, but simply cutting down on expenses related to social security for many years. Proponents of the new economic system point to both the absolute explosion of literacy, educational attainment, and rising living standards for China as a whole, as well as the widely available and non-privatized medical system, as indicators that the nation is still very much Socialist in character. Critics often then counter with examples of poverty holes or worker exploitation (another theoretical anathema of Marxism) and economic abandonment of minorities, and, well... needless to say, it all gets rather heated the further into the debate one goes, so a curious reader may research further on their own.
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Changed line(s) 20,21 (click to see context) from:
All of this has led to a rather contentious debate (rather muted within China, rather loud outside it) as to whether or not the PRC can actually be considered "Socialist" or "Communist" any longer. While the CCP maintains a one-party state pretty rigidly, the economic reforms have lead to the creation of a fairly substantial middle-class bourgeoisie - and even a significant number of billionaires - conditions unthinkable in Mao's time. The existence of billionaires 'at all'' tends to drive many traditional Socialists absolutely bananas, since the total, non-negotiable destruction of the ''haute bourgeoisie'' is usually accepted as a core tenet of Marxist theory. At the same time, many of the basic social programs from Mao era were dismantled throughout the [=80s=], and by late [=90s=] even the iconic [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_rice_bowl iron rice bowl]] was gone, ''without'' introducing any replacements, but simply cutting down on expenses related to social security for many years. Proponents of the new economic system point to both the absolute explosion of literacy, educational attainment, and rising living standards for China as a whole, as well as the widely available and non-privatized medical system, as indicators that the nation is still very much Socialist in character. Critics often then counter with examples of poverty holes or worker exploitation (another theoretical anathema of Marxism) and economic abandonment of minorities, and, well... needless to say, it all gets rather heated the further into the debate one goes, so a curious reader may research further on their own.
to:
All of this has led to a rather contentious debate (rather muted within China, rather loud outside it) as to whether or not the PRC can actually be considered "Socialist" or "Communist" any longer. While the CCP maintains a one-party state pretty rigidly, the economic reforms have lead to the creation of a fairly substantial middle-class bourgeoisie - and even a significant number of billionaires - conditions unthinkable in Mao's time. The existence of billionaires 'at ''at all'' tends to drive many traditional Socialists absolutely bananas, since the total, non-negotiable destruction of the ''haute bourgeoisie'' is usually accepted as a core tenet of Marxist theory. At the same time, many of the basic social programs from Mao era were dismantled throughout the [=80s=], and by late [=90s=] even the iconic [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_rice_bowl iron rice bowl]] was gone, ''without'' introducing any replacements, but simply cutting down on expenses related to social security for many years. Proponents of the new economic system point to both the absolute explosion of literacy, educational attainment, and rising living standards for China as a whole, as well as the widely available and non-privatized medical system, as indicators that the nation is still very much Socialist in character. Critics often then counter with examples of poverty holes or worker exploitation (another theoretical anathema of Marxism) and economic abandonment of minorities, and, well... needless to say, it all gets rather heated the further into the debate one goes, so a curious reader may research further on their own.
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Changed line(s) 20,21 (click to see context) from:
All of this, though, has led to a rather contentious debate (rather more muted within China, often rather loud outside of it) as to whether or not the PRC can actually be considered "Socialist" or "Communist" any longer. While the CCP maintains a one-party state pretty rigidly outside of Hong Kong, the economic reforms have come to lead to the creation of a fairly substantial middle-class bourgeoisie - to the point where having that group at specific, growing size ''became integral part of economic and demographic plans'' all the way until 2050 - and even a significant number of billionaires - conditions unthinkable in Mao's time, and the existence of the billionaires in particular tends to drive many traditional Socialists, both in and out of China, absolutely bananas (since the total, non-negotiable destruction of the ''haute bourgeoisie'' is usually accepted as a core tenet of Marxist theory). In the same time, many of the basic social programs from Mao era were dismantled throughout the [=80s=], and by late [=90s=] even the iconic [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_rice_bowl iron rice bowl]] was gone, ''without'' introducing any replacements, but simply cutting down on expenses related to social security for many years. Proponents of the system point to both the absolute explosion of literacy, educational attainment, and rising living standards for China as a whole, as well as the widely available and non-privatized medical system, as points that the nation is still very much Socialist in character. Critics often then counter with examples of poverty holes or worker exploitation (another theoretical anathema of Marxism) and economic abandonment of minorities, and, well... needless to say, it all gets rather heated the further into the debate one goes, so a curious reader may research further on their own.
to:
All of this, though, this has led to a rather contentious debate (rather more muted within China, often rather loud outside of it) as to whether or not the PRC can actually be considered "Socialist" or "Communist" any longer. While the CCP maintains a one-party state pretty rigidly outside of Hong Kong, rigidly, the economic reforms have come to lead to the creation of a fairly substantial middle-class bourgeoisie - to the point where having that group at specific, growing size ''became integral part of economic and demographic plans'' all the way until 2050 - and even a significant number of billionaires - conditions unthinkable in Mao's time, and the time. The existence of the billionaires in particular 'at all'' tends to drive many traditional Socialists, both in and out of China, Socialists absolutely bananas (since bananas, since the total, non-negotiable destruction of the ''haute bourgeoisie'' is usually accepted as a core tenet of Marxist theory). In theory. At the same time, many of the basic social programs from Mao era were dismantled throughout the [=80s=], and by late [=90s=] even the iconic [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_rice_bowl iron rice bowl]] was gone, ''without'' introducing any replacements, but simply cutting down on expenses related to social security for many years. Proponents of the new economic system point to both the absolute explosion of literacy, educational attainment, and rising living standards for China as a whole, as well as the widely available and non-privatized medical system, as points indicators that the nation is still very much Socialist in character. Critics often then counter with examples of poverty holes or worker exploitation (another theoretical anathema of Marxism) and economic abandonment of minorities, and, well... needless to say, it all gets rather heated the further into the debate one goes, so a curious reader may research further on their own.
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Changed line(s) 16,17 (click to see context) from:
Reforms continued apace, even after Deng Xiaoping's death. Today China has largely privatized, with almost all former state enterprises, with a few exceptions, now in private hands. Since the late '70s China's economy exploded, surpassing Japan in 2010 to become the 2nd largest economy in the world - with many now seeing the #1 spot not beyond its reach. China's export-driven focus paid dividends, having since become "the world's factory". Turn over your mouse or keyboard. Look under your desk, lamp, or chair. Check your bowl or mug. Odds are almost certain at least one of those things (if not more or even most) were made in China.
to:
Reforms continued apace, even after Deng Xiaoping's death. Today China has largely privatized, with almost all former state enterprises, with a few exceptions, now in private hands. Since the late '70s China's economy exploded, surpassing Japan in 2010 to become the 2nd largest economy in the world - with many now seeing the #1 spot not beyond its reach. China's export-driven focus paid dividends, having since become "the world's factory". Turn over your mouse or keyboard. Look under your desk, lamp, or chair. Check your bowl or mug. Odds are almost certain at least one of those things (if not more or even most) were was made in China.
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Changed line(s) 18,19 (click to see context) from:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say [[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]]is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
to:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say [[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]]is proverb [[/note]]is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
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Changed line(s) 18,19 (click to see context) from:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say [[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]] is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
to:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say [[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]] is proverb[[/note]]is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
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Changed line(s) 18,19 (click to see context) from:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say[[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]] is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
to:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say[[note]]possibly say [[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]] is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
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Changed line(s) 18,19 (click to see context) from:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
to:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say say[[note]]possibly quoting a pre-existing proverb[[/note]] is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
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Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but many systems at various levels of government, and systems can differ from province to province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance-and-behavior system that [[Literature/NineteenEightyFour Big Brother]] would smile upon. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
to:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing a series of crackdowns on billionaires and conglomerates that flourished under the previous administrations, and instituted financial reforms such as the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies in contrary to one's social reputation. There what popular memes say, citizens are not rewarded or punished according to a numerical score, and there is in fact not one ''single'' system, but many systems at various levels of government, government addressing both corporations and individuals, and systems can differ from province to province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, For individual citizens, "anti-social" behavior includes committing crimes, traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some researchers in the West claim argue that the system is misunderstood primarily aimed at addressing economic fraud and reforming China's banking system akin to credit ratings elsewhere, with its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others Other researchers see it as potentially paving the way to a totalitarian surveillance-and-behavior system that [[Literature/NineteenEightyFour Big Brother]] would smile upon. upon, due to the policy's vagueness and lack of transparency. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of large, but even then the politics within CCP is that there are not without competing cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.Army, and many popular protests had occurred throughout this period, especially regarding the government's heavy-handed, "Zero COVID" policy to address the UsefulNotes/COVID19Pandemic.
By the TheNewTwenties, many politicians and scholars began to see China as being politically and economically dominant enough to challenge the United States in a new UsefulNotes/ColdWar. Contentious issues include climate policies, human rights, trade disputes, political and military alliances, and technological competition - disputes that would shape bilateral relations and much of world affairs in the decade to come.
By the TheNewTwenties, many politicians and scholars began to see China as being politically and economically dominant enough to challenge the United States in a new UsefulNotes/ColdWar. Contentious issues include climate policies, human rights, trade disputes, political and military alliances, and technological competition - disputes that would shape bilateral relations and much of world affairs in the decade to come.
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Changed line(s) 8,9 (click to see context) from:
The struggle in a wider sense was one between "Leftists" on one hand, who advocated strict adherence to Chairman Mao's legacy and the principles of the Cultural Revolution, and "Reformists" on the other, who while respecting Chairman Mao maintained that changes were required if China was to grow. This faction would be led by Deng Xiaoping. Deng had been on the "Reformist" side and a supporter of Hua Guofeng immediately after Mao's death, however after the fall of the Gang of Four Deng and Hua would come into opposition, with Hua being too conservative for Deng and his supporters. It would be Deng who would lead China on its course of economic expansion, becoming ''de facto'' leader of China when his ideas for economic reforms were adopted by the Chinese communist party in 1978.
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The struggle in a wider sense was one between "Leftists" on one hand, who advocated strict adherence to Chairman Mao's legacy and the principles of the Cultural Revolution, and "Reformists" on the other, who while respecting Chairman Mao maintained that changes were required if China was to grow. This faction would be led by Deng Xiaoping. Deng had been on the "Reformist" side and a supporter of Hua Guofeng immediately after Mao's death, however after the fall of the Gang of Four Deng and Hua would come into opposition, with Hua being too conservative for Deng and his supporters. It would be Deng who would lead China on its course of economic expansion, becoming ''de facto'' leader of China when his ideas for economic reforms were adopted by the Chinese communist party in 1978. \n Hua Guofeng was allowed a peaceful retirement, setting the precedent that power struggles within the [=CCP=] could end bloodlessly.
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Changed line(s) 2,3 (click to see context) from:
-->-- '''Deng Xiaoping'''
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-->-- '''Deng Xiaoping'''
'''UsefulNotes/DengXiaoping'''
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Changed line(s) 18,19 (click to see context) from:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy.
to:
The actual phrase, "To get rich is glorious," is a translation of the Chinese expression, "致富光荣" (zhìfù guāngróng). While it has been attributed to Deng Xiaoping, [[BeamMeUpScotty there's no evidence that he ever really said it.]] What we know he ''did'' say is posted above, "It doesn't matter whether a cat is black or white -- so long as it catches mice," indicative of his view that Socialism was not incompatible with a market-economy.
market-economy; that whether an economic system was capitalist or socialist didn't matter as much as whether or not it worked well.
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Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but many systems at various levels of government, and systems can differ from province to province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance-and-behavior system straight out of Big Brother. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
to:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but many systems at various levels of government, and systems can differ from province to province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance-and-behavior system straight out of that [[Literature/NineteenEightyFour Big Brother.Brother]] would smile upon. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
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Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but many systems at various levels of government, and systems can differ from province to province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance and behavior system straight out of Big Brother. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
to:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but many systems at various levels of government, and systems can differ from province to province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance and behavior surveillance-and-behavior system straight out of Big Brother. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
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Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but a national system and also many systems on the local level, with many Chinese cities trialing their own "Social Credit" systems, and systems differ from province to province. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance and behavior system straight out of Big Brother. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
to:
It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but a national system and also many systems on the local level, with many Chinese cities trialing their own "Social Credit" systems, at various levels of government, and systems can differ from province to province.province and city to city. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public transport such as planes and trains, and restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance and behavior system straight out of Big Brother. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
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It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation and penalties include public blacklisting and refusal of business services and applications. The plan for the system to go fully online by [[TabletopGame/Cyberpunk2020 2020]] raised unfortunate comparisons, even in the academic circles. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
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It would seem that China had a shift in principle from Deng's China 'keeping to itself' to Xi's China taking a proactive stance in the global stage. In 2018, the term limits for President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China were abolished. (The President is a figurehead position; however, the president is usually also the Chief Secretary of the Communist Party and the chairman of the Military Commission, which did not have term limits.) It also started implementing the Social Credit System, which is kind of like driving point system, but applies to one's social reputation reputation. There is in fact not one ''single'' system, but a national system and penalties also many systems on the local level, with many Chinese cities trialing their own "Social Credit" systems, and systems differ from province to province. Apart from being convicted of crimes, "anti-social" behavior includes traffic violations, failure to pay bills or loans, expressing "anti-social" opinions, and even playing loud music or littering. Penalties include difficulty in getting loans, restricted access to public blacklisting transport such as planes and refusal of business services trains, and applications. The plan for restrictions on schools one or one's children may attend. Some in the West claim the system to go fully online by [[TabletopGame/Cyberpunk2020 2020]] raised unfortunate comparisons, even in the academic circles.is misunderstood and its dangers exaggerated or overblown. Others see it as a totalitarian surveillance and behavior system straight out of Big Brother. With UsefulNotes/XiJinping the government is tightening controls, moreso than previously, both within the Party and the population at large. What is currently known of the politics within CCP is that there are cliques such as Tsinghua clique and the New Zhijiang Army.
