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Changed line(s) 16,17 (click to see context) from:
After 11 years of conceiving problems, Catherine bore [[MassiveNumberedSiblings ten children]] and she was very enamored of her husband. Unfortunately, Henry was not as faithful and loving and kept numerous mistresses, the most powerful of them being noblewoman Diane of Poitiers, a dame [[LikesOlderWomen 20 years his senior]] but renowed for her beauty who was a constant pain in the back for poor Catherine. Diane would run the household instead of her and would be in charge of Catherine's children's education, earning her endless hostility. During Catherine's struggles to get pregnant, her husband even had an illegittimate daughter, Diane, from another mistress, Filippa Duci, an Italian noblewoman. At least Catherine became popular in the French court, as she was extremely [[ProperLady intelligent, well-educated and courteous]]. Her father-in-law saw her potential and kept her in his close circle, and also was close friends with her two sister-in-laws, Madeleine and Margaret, and her mother-in-law, Queen Eleonor of Austria. When her husband died in a jousting accident in 1559, Catherine took a broken lance as her emblem, with the words "lacrymae hinc, hinc dolor" ("from this come my tears and my pain"), and [[TheMourningAfter wore black mourning]] (a foreign concept for French, as white has been the color for royal widows till now) in memory of Henry.
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After 11 years of conceiving problems, Catherine bore [[MassiveNumberedSiblings ten children]] and she was very enamored of her husband. Unfortunately, Henry was not as faithful and loving and kept numerous mistresses, the most powerful of them being noblewoman Diane of Poitiers, a dame [[LikesOlderWomen 20 years his senior]] but renowed for her beauty who was a constant pain in the back for poor Catherine. Diane would run the household instead of her and would be in charge of Catherine's children's education, earning her endless hostility. During Catherine's struggles to get pregnant, her husband even had an illegittimate daughter, Diane, from another mistress, Filippa Duci, an Italian noblewoman. At least Catherine became popular in the French court, as she was extremely [[ProperLady intelligent, well-educated and courteous]]. Her father-in-law saw her potential and kept her in his close circle, and also was close friends with her two sister-in-laws, Madeleine and Margaret, and her mother-in-law, Queen Eleonor circle of Austria.favourites who would follow him everywhere. When her husband died in a jousting accident in 1559, Catherine took a broken lance as her emblem, with the words "lacrymae hinc, hinc dolor" ("from this come my tears and my pain"), and [[TheMourningAfter wore black mourning]] (a foreign concept for French, as white has been the color for royal widows till now) in memory of Henry.
Changed line(s) 20,22 (click to see context) from:
Also it must be said that she lived in troubles times (said wars of religion) and she was left widow in a foreign court with several underage children. Her son-in-law future Henry IV famously said of her the line above of the page. She had indeed to deal with numerous pains in the back: the ambitious and Catholic fanatics House of Guise, her son-in-law UsefulNotes/PhilipII of Spain who was constantly sabotaging her aims at pacify Catholics and Huguenots, and the succession crisis. Despite that, she was a force to be reckoned with. UsefulNotes/ElizabethI allegedly said that of all rulers of Europe, she was the one [[WorthyOpponent she feared the most]].
She was by all account a refined dame and a patron of arts in the same style of Italian Renaissance nobility or that of her father-in-law, Creator/LeonardoDaVinci's patron. She is also source of UrbanLegend for inventing a lot of things, like high-heeled shoes, modern female underwear, forks, and introduce dishes from Florence that would become French traditional cuisine.
She was by all account a refined dame and a patron of arts in the same style of Italian Renaissance nobility or that of her father-in-law, Creator/LeonardoDaVinci's patron. She is also source of UrbanLegend for inventing a lot of things, like high-heeled shoes, modern female underwear, forks, and introduce dishes from Florence that would become French traditional cuisine.
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Also it must be said that she lived in troubles times (said wars of religion) and she was left widow in a foreign court with several underage children.children who all pre-deceased her except for her favourite son, Henry III, and her daughter Margaret. Her son-in-law future Henry IV famously said of her the line above of the page. She had indeed to deal with numerous pains in the back: the ambitious and Catholic fanatics House of Guise, her son-in-law UsefulNotes/PhilipII of Spain who was constantly sabotaging her aims at pacify Catholics and Huguenots, and the succession crisis. Despite that, she was a force to be reckoned with. UsefulNotes/ElizabethI allegedly said that of all rulers of Europe, she was the one [[WorthyOpponent she feared the most]].
She was by all account a refined dame and a patron of arts in the same style of Italian Renaissance nobility or that of her father-in-law, Creator/LeonardoDaVinci's patron. She is also source of UrbanLegend for inventing a lot of things, like high-heeled shoes, corsets, modern female underwear, forks, and introduce dishes from Florence that would become French traditionalcuisine.cuisine, like onion soups or duck in orange sauce. It's also said that she introduced the use of the tablecloth and the fork during meals.
She was by all account a refined dame and a patron of arts in the same style of Italian Renaissance nobility or that of her father-in-law, Creator/LeonardoDaVinci's patron. She is also source of UrbanLegend for inventing a lot of things, like high-heeled shoes, corsets, modern female underwear, forks, and introduce dishes from Florence that would become French traditional
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Changed line(s) 14,15 (click to see context) from:
The marriage with the future King Henry II was tumultuous. Her guardian Pope Clement VII promised to the King of France, her father-in-law, a huge dowry, but then died abruptly. His successor Paul III refused to pay such a price, so Catherine's value in the "market" fell abruptly. Her father-in-law famously lamented that "the girl has come to me stark naked". At the same time, Catherine was failing to conceive, and she feared that she would be repudiated, while also being suspected for witchcraft, as being infertile was considered not normal for a woman, but King Francis instead kept Catherine at court, as he had become very fond of her.
to:
The marriage with the future King Henry II was tumultuous. Her guardian Pope Clement VII promised to the King of France, her father-in-law, a huge dowry, but then died abruptly. His successor Paul III refused to pay such a price, so Catherine's value in the "market" fell abruptly. Her father-in-law famously lamented that "the girl has come to me stark naked". At the same time, Catherine was failing to conceive, and she feared that she would be repudiated, while also being suspected for witchcraft, as being infertile was considered not normal for a woman, but King Francis instead kept Catherine at court, as he had become very fond of her.
her. She also had a close relationship with the rest of the royal family, including her mother-in-law Eleanor of Austria, her father-in-law's sister Marguerite of Angoulême, Queen of Navarre, and her husband's two younger sisters, Madeleine and Margaret.
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Changed line(s) 10,21 (click to see context) from:
Her chief guardian, [[UsefulNotes/ThePope Pope]] [[UsefulNotes/NotablePopes Clement VII]] (himself a Medici and cousin of Catherine's father) kept Catherine in Florence until 1527, when the Medicis were overthrown in Florence by a faction opposed to the regime of Clement's representative, Cardinal Silvio Passerini. Catherine, still a child, was [[LockedAwayInAMonastery taken captive and placed in a series of convents]] until Pope Clement could free her with the help of Charles V's troops. She was then free and set to a bright future: marry into the royal family of France.
Catherine was not exactly the ideal candidate for a French bride. French nobilities would always look down on families like the Medicis, who were at the time NouveauRiche bankers of recent nobility. Despite that, the Medicis were obviously a rich family (which never hurt a marriage match) and being the Pope's niece didn't hurt either. She was set to marry the second son of King Francis, Henry, the Duke of Orléans. They were not expected to become the royal couple until Henry's older brother Francis unexpectedly died of an illness.
The marriage with the future King Henry II was tumultuous. Her guardian Pope Clement VII promised to the King of France, her father-in-law, a huge dowry, but then died abruptly. His successor Paul III refused to pay such a price, so Catherine's value in the "market" fell abruptly. Her father-in-law famously lamented that "the girl has come to me stark naked". At the same time, Catherine was failing to conceive, the King's advisors were pressuring him to seek a divorce for his son and heir. King Francis instead kept Catherine at court, as he had become very fond of her.
After years of conceiving problems Catherine bore [[MassiveNumberedSiblings ten children]] and was very enamored of her husband. Unfortunately, Henry was not as faithful and loving and kept numerous mistresses, the most powerful of them being noblewoman Diane of Poitiers, a dame [[LikesOlderWomen 20 years his senior]] but renowed for her beauty who was a constant pain in the back for poor Catherine. Diane would run the household instead of her and would be in charge of Catherine's children's education, earning Catherine's endless hostility. At least Catherine became popular in the French court, as she was extremely [[ProperLady intelligent, well-educated and courteous]]. Her father-in-law saw her potential and kept her in his close circle, and also was close friends with her two sister-in-laws. When her husband died in a jousting accident in 1559, Catherine took a broken lance as her emblem, with the words "lacrymae hinc, hinc dolor" ("from this come my tears and my pain"), and [[TheMourningAfter wore black mourning]] (a foreign concept for French, as white has been the color for royal widows till now) in memory of Henry.
Her historical reputation is tainted by the UsefulNotes/FrenchWarsOfReligion. She seemingly adopted a conciliatory policy towards the Huguenots (French Protestants), and tried to soothe both factions with the marriage of her daughter Marguerite to the Protestant Henry, King of Navarre. During the wedding celebrations in Paris, the Huguenot leader, Coligny, was murdered in the massacre known as the St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, where at least 3000 French Protestant were indiscriminately murdered. Catherines was believed to have been the mind behind the carnage and her reputation never quite recovered. Modern historians tend to reconsider her actual role, that must have been smaller or none, seeing her decades-long efforts in pacify the country. Also there was a bit of a stereotype in seeing Italians as hot-blooded, murderous and poison experts, and a foreign queen was an easy target for slandering (remember UsefulNotes/MarieAntoinette).
Also it must be said that she lived in troubles times (said wars of religion) and she was left widow in a foreign court with several underage children. Her son-in-law future Henry IV famously said of her the line above of the page. She had indeed to deal with numerous pains in the back: the ambitious and Catholic fanatics House of Guise, her son-in-law UsefulNotes/PhilipII of Spain who was constantly sabotaging her aims at pacify Catholics and Huguenots, the succession crisis. Despite that, she was a force to be reckoned with. UsefulNotes/ElizabethI allegedly said that of all rulers of Europe, she was the one [[WorthyOpponent she feared the most]].
Catherine was not exactly the ideal candidate for a French bride. French nobilities would always look down on families like the Medicis, who were at the time NouveauRiche bankers of recent nobility. Despite that, the Medicis were obviously a rich family (which never hurt a marriage match) and being the Pope's niece didn't hurt either. She was set to marry the second son of King Francis, Henry, the Duke of Orléans. They were not expected to become the royal couple until Henry's older brother Francis unexpectedly died of an illness.
The marriage with the future King Henry II was tumultuous. Her guardian Pope Clement VII promised to the King of France, her father-in-law, a huge dowry, but then died abruptly. His successor Paul III refused to pay such a price, so Catherine's value in the "market" fell abruptly. Her father-in-law famously lamented that "the girl has come to me stark naked". At the same time, Catherine was failing to conceive, the King's advisors were pressuring him to seek a divorce for his son and heir. King Francis instead kept Catherine at court, as he had become very fond of her.
After years of conceiving problems Catherine bore [[MassiveNumberedSiblings ten children]] and was very enamored of her husband. Unfortunately, Henry was not as faithful and loving and kept numerous mistresses, the most powerful of them being noblewoman Diane of Poitiers, a dame [[LikesOlderWomen 20 years his senior]] but renowed for her beauty who was a constant pain in the back for poor Catherine. Diane would run the household instead of her and would be in charge of Catherine's children's education, earning Catherine's endless hostility. At least Catherine became popular in the French court, as she was extremely [[ProperLady intelligent, well-educated and courteous]]. Her father-in-law saw her potential and kept her in his close circle, and also was close friends with her two sister-in-laws. When her husband died in a jousting accident in 1559, Catherine took a broken lance as her emblem, with the words "lacrymae hinc, hinc dolor" ("from this come my tears and my pain"), and [[TheMourningAfter wore black mourning]] (a foreign concept for French, as white has been the color for royal widows till now) in memory of Henry.
Her historical reputation is tainted by the UsefulNotes/FrenchWarsOfReligion. She seemingly adopted a conciliatory policy towards the Huguenots (French Protestants), and tried to soothe both factions with the marriage of her daughter Marguerite to the Protestant Henry, King of Navarre. During the wedding celebrations in Paris, the Huguenot leader, Coligny, was murdered in the massacre known as the St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, where at least 3000 French Protestant were indiscriminately murdered. Catherines was believed to have been the mind behind the carnage and her reputation never quite recovered. Modern historians tend to reconsider her actual role, that must have been smaller or none, seeing her decades-long efforts in pacify the country. Also there was a bit of a stereotype in seeing Italians as hot-blooded, murderous and poison experts, and a foreign queen was an easy target for slandering (remember UsefulNotes/MarieAntoinette).
Also it must be said that she lived in troubles times (said wars of religion) and she was left widow in a foreign court with several underage children. Her son-in-law future Henry IV famously said of her the line above of the page. She had indeed to deal with numerous pains in the back: the ambitious and Catholic fanatics House of Guise, her son-in-law UsefulNotes/PhilipII of Spain who was constantly sabotaging her aims at pacify Catholics and Huguenots, the succession crisis. Despite that, she was a force to be reckoned with. UsefulNotes/ElizabethI allegedly said that of all rulers of Europe, she was the one [[WorthyOpponent she feared the most]].
to:
Her chief guardian, [[UsefulNotes/ThePope Pope]] [[UsefulNotes/NotablePopes Clement VII]] (himself a Medici and cousin of Catherine's father) grandfather) kept Catherine in Florence until 1527, when the Medicis were overthrown in Florence by a faction opposed to the regime of Clement's representative, Cardinal Silvio Passerini. Catherine, still a child, was [[LockedAwayInAMonastery taken captive and placed in a series of convents]] until Pope Clement could free her with the help of Charles V's troops. She was then free and set to a bright future: marry into the royal family of France.
Catherine was not exactly the ideal candidate for a French bride. French nobilities would always look down on families like the Medicis, who were at the time NouveauRiche bankers of recent nobility. Despite that, the Medicis were obviously a rich family (which never hurt a marriage match) and being related to thePope's niece Pope didn't hurt either. She was set to marry the second son of King Francis, Henry, the Duke of Orléans. They were not expected to become the royal couple until Henry's older brother Francis unexpectedly died at 18 after drinking very cold water and getting pneumonia. This unfortunate circumstance was also the beginning of an illness.
the slander she received, alongside her future nickname, ''Serpent Queen'', as she receive accusations of poisoning her brother-in-law to favour her husband's ascent to the throne.
The marriage with the future King Henry II was tumultuous. Her guardian Pope Clement VII promised to the King of France, her father-in-law, a huge dowry, but then died abruptly. His successor Paul III refused to pay such a price, so Catherine's value in the "market" fell abruptly. Her father-in-law famously lamented that "the girl has come to me stark naked". At the same time, Catherine was failing to conceive,the King's advisors were pressuring him to seek a divorce and she feared that she would be repudiated, while also being suspected for his son and heir. witchcraft, as being infertile was considered not normal for a woman, but King Francis instead kept Catherine at court, as he had become very fond of her.
After 11 years of conceivingproblems problems, Catherine bore [[MassiveNumberedSiblings ten children]] and she was very enamored of her husband. Unfortunately, Henry was not as faithful and loving and kept numerous mistresses, the most powerful of them being noblewoman Diane of Poitiers, a dame [[LikesOlderWomen 20 years his senior]] but renowed for her beauty who was a constant pain in the back for poor Catherine. Diane would run the household instead of her and would be in charge of Catherine's children's education, earning earning her endless hostility. During Catherine's endless hostility.struggles to get pregnant, her husband even had an illegittimate daughter, Diane, from another mistress, Filippa Duci, an Italian noblewoman. At least Catherine became popular in the French court, as she was extremely [[ProperLady intelligent, well-educated and courteous]]. Her father-in-law saw her potential and kept her in his close circle, and also was close friends with her two sister-in-laws.sister-in-laws, Madeleine and Margaret, and her mother-in-law, Queen Eleonor of Austria. When her husband died in a jousting accident in 1559, Catherine took a broken lance as her emblem, with the words "lacrymae hinc, hinc dolor" ("from this come my tears and my pain"), and [[TheMourningAfter wore black mourning]] (a foreign concept for French, as white has been the color for royal widows till now) in memory of Henry.
Her historical reputation is tainted by the UsefulNotes/FrenchWarsOfReligion. She seemingly adopted a conciliatory policy towards the Huguenots (French Protestants), and tried to soothe both factions with the marriage of her daughterMarguerite Margaret to the Protestant Henry, King of Navarre. During the wedding celebrations in Paris, the Huguenot leader, Coligny, was murdered in the massacre known as the St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, where at least 3000 French Protestant were indiscriminately murdered. Catherines Catherine was believed to have been the mind behind the carnage and her reputation never quite recovered. Modern historians tend to reconsider her actual role, that must have been smaller or none, seeing her decades-long efforts in pacify the country. Also there was a bit of a stereotype in seeing Italians as hot-blooded, murderous and poison experts, and a foreign queen was an easy target for slandering (remember UsefulNotes/MarieAntoinette).
UsefulNotes/MarieAntoinette) two centuries later.
Also it must be said that she lived in troubles times (said wars of religion) and she was left widow in a foreign court with several underage children. Her son-in-law future Henry IV famously said of her the line above of the page. She had indeed to deal with numerous pains in the back: the ambitious and Catholic fanatics House of Guise, her son-in-law UsefulNotes/PhilipII of Spain who was constantly sabotaging her aims at pacify Catholics and Huguenots, and the succession crisis. Despite that, she was a force to be reckoned with. UsefulNotes/ElizabethI allegedly said that of all rulers of Europe, she was the one [[WorthyOpponent she feared the most]].
Catherine was not exactly the ideal candidate for a French bride. French nobilities would always look down on families like the Medicis, who were at the time NouveauRiche bankers of recent nobility. Despite that, the Medicis were obviously a rich family (which never hurt a marriage match) and being related to the
The marriage with the future King Henry II was tumultuous. Her guardian Pope Clement VII promised to the King of France, her father-in-law, a huge dowry, but then died abruptly. His successor Paul III refused to pay such a price, so Catherine's value in the "market" fell abruptly. Her father-in-law famously lamented that "the girl has come to me stark naked". At the same time, Catherine was failing to conceive,
After 11 years of conceiving
Her historical reputation is tainted by the UsefulNotes/FrenchWarsOfReligion. She seemingly adopted a conciliatory policy towards the Huguenots (French Protestants), and tried to soothe both factions with the marriage of her daughter
Also it must be said that she lived in troubles times (said wars of religion) and she was left widow in a foreign court with several underage children. Her son-in-law future Henry IV famously said of her the line above of the page. She had indeed to deal with numerous pains in the back: the ambitious and Catholic fanatics House of Guise, her son-in-law UsefulNotes/PhilipII of Spain who was constantly sabotaging her aims at pacify Catholics and Huguenots, and the succession crisis. Despite that, she was a force to be reckoned with. UsefulNotes/ElizabethI allegedly said that of all rulers of Europe, she was the one [[WorthyOpponent she feared the most]].
