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Generally Painting the Medium. It's also an inherent part of conveying a Sherlock Scan.
^ Seconding, and adding Stat-O-Vision when it's the sort that looks like a series of readouts and overlaid diagrams
For The Good Doctor specifically, I'd call it Painting The Medium for Awesomeness by Analysis, with occasional stat-o-vision when say, we see literal representation of him making the connection between a patient's distended vein and a page from a medical text describing a similar symptom.

When a character is a genius, savant, etc., shots from their perspective show things like diagrams and mathematical equations, often in glowing white lines. Like in The Good Doctor.