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This is more devious, players normally expect that any actions they take will be undone if they reload.
Minor example: In many of the Megaman Battle Network games, if you beat the game, it will add a "beat the game star" to your file, one of the requirements to access the bonus area. Any other things you do after this like using consumables are not saved.
True, but there still has to be a meaning and/or utility behind a situation, or its just Chairs, not a trope.
I do think there is something here though; I'd call this Anti-Frustration Features when its used to keep you from chucking your controller through the screen, and Playing The Player when its used to screw with you psychologically- say, a boss taunting you for being on your fifth try at beating them. Might could hammer out a YKTTW out of it as a shared subtrope of those two.

Is there a trope for games that have a "secret save file" which transcends your normal save file and affects things in the game.
E.g. In Untitled story any money you gain, lose or spend is auto recorded in your file even though other progress is not. This is primary intended to prevent cheating when gambling, but you could pay a toll both, then load to a save game where you don't have the ability to talk, but are still able to pass the toll since you already paid.
Undertale will, among other things, have some dialog changes if you've already done events, but didn't save after doing them. Or simply got killed on the boss you are fighting before.