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That would just be a Stock Sound Effect- being recognizable as the same sound used in similar situations for multiple works is what defines it as such. (Just noting their existence is sufficient, listing works that use a specific sound clip would be Chairs.)
Now, divorced from a specific sound effect, I could see an acoustic counterpart to Power Glows like "Power Hums" where pulsing sounds and droning hums (and things like their changing pitch and so on) are used as an Editorial Synesthesia for "X is emitting/using/barely containing/etc large amounts of power"
Edited by Scorpion451

There's a distinctive sound effect that is used all over the place in live TV and movies, some animation, and probably other places too: a rising hum used to indicate something powering up. One example of it is the ending sequence in Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull — see this clip
, starting at about 3:32.
Is there a specific trope that covers this? If not, should there be? It seems like it should get more than just an entry on the Stock Sound Effects page.