Trope Makers

aka: Trope Maker

"Phrases like 'shiver me timbers' and traditional pirate songs like 'Fifteen Men on the Dead Man's Chest' were made up by Robert Louis Stevenson for his novel Treasure Island, published in 1883 — over 150 years after the end of the Golden Age of Piracy. We might as well tell you right now that 90 percent of all pirate tropes come from the same book: One-legged pirates, squawking parrots, drunken mutinies... all that stuff can be traced back to Treasure Island."

— Cracked, "6 Absurd Pirate Myths Everyone Believes (Thanks to Movies)"

A Trope Maker is the first unambiguous example of a particular trope. Though there may have been similar things in the past, these are the works that defined their respective tropes.

See also Trope Codifier, which is the example of a trope that defines all other uses. If a Trope Codifier is very different in outlook than the Trope Maker, then the Trope Maker worked on an Unbuilt Trope.

And, of course, don't confuse with Ur-Example - the earliest example that has the essence of the trope, but may not have the actual connotations and may be missing details. However, it's the Trope Maker which starts the consistent enough pattern to be called a trope.

To provide a concrete example of all three, the Detective Story's Trope Maker is Edgar Allan Poe's C. Auguste Dupin stories, and Sherlock Holmes is the Trope Codifier; but the Ur-Example may well be "The Tale Of the Three Apples" in 1001 Nights (The Arabian Nights). Related: Trope Namer.

If you make an entry here, expect some heavy challenges.

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Examples

Anime & Manga

• Astro Boy — The first modern anime to make its way to the United States, it also included the first Anime Theme Song. It was a creation of Osamu Tezuka, who also defined the style of manga and anime for decades with it and other works.
• Azumanga Daioh — Set up the basis for entire Schoolgirl Series. While many of the tropes had already been established in Doki Doki School Hours, which some may argue relegates Azumanga to the ranks of mere Trope Codifier, it had nowhere near as large an impact on the collective consciousness.
• Cutey Honey — Pre-battle speeches, naked Transformation Sequences, female monsters of the week, and several other Magical Girl Warrior tropes owe their existence to her.
• Fist of the North Star — Made and several battle shonen tropes (that were later codified in Dragon Ball) and codified the concept of extremely manly characters showcasing a lot of emotions.
• Igaguri-kun — Arguably the first massively popular sports and martial arts manga, who starred a strong judoka Ideal Hero. It was the first manga to depict martial arts after a post-war media ban, paving the way half a decade later for the spokon manga boom in the sixties (mostly lead by Ikki Kajiwara) before the two genres split during the eighties. Sadly, the author died in 1954 (only two years after Igaguri-kun's creation), allegedly after death by overwork.
• JoJo's Bizarre Adventure:
  • Stardust Crusaders — Stands are the first deliberate use of Guardian Entities as Fighting Spirits, with the first one introduced being Star Platinum, and the first one created being The World. Stands were even cited to be the inspiration behind the Trope Codifier for Guardian Entities and Fighting Spirits, Persona.
  • Diamond is Unbreakable — The first standardized Japanese example of a yandere in Yukako Yamagishi, a schoolgirl whose unrequited crush on Koichi Hirose leads to stalking, kidnapping, and eventually attempted murder. She was actually meant to be a subversion of a Yamato Nadeshiko, and went on to influence many similar characters in anime, manga, video games, and other multimedia forms.
• Mazinger Z — The first Humongous Mecha to be piloted by a human, which is why they made a point to show Koji coming out of the robot in the intro. The first Super Robot to launch its fists at enemies. Koji himself can also be considered the trope maker of the Stock Shōnen Hero (as he predates Dragon Ball's Son Goku, who's often credited as the Trope Codifier).
• Mobile Suit Gundam — Often considered the first Real Robot show, as it was the first to portray the robots as common military equipment. Later series took this idea further, however (see below). It was also an early anime adopter of Anyone Can Die.
• Princess Knight — One of the first Shoujo series.
• Ranma ½ — Created the entire genre of an Unwanted Harem attached to a Celibate Hero.
• Codename: Sailor V and Sailor Moon — Was the first to combine the classic Magical Girl genre with sentai and superhero themes (both by the same author and in-continuity with each other, Sailor V came first, but was developed in parallel with Sailor Moon, the later becoming better known).
• Creamy Mami, the Magic Angel — the very first Magic Idol Singer anime.
• Science Ninja Team Gatchaman — The origin of the formal Five-Man Band concept, which predates even Super Sentai.
• Mazinger Z, Gatchaman, and Getter Robo are the three candidates for first Combining Mecha. Mazinger is the weakest of these because while it is two entities coming together to form a whole, there's only one pilot and robot. In addition, while the vehicles in Gatchaman do combine, it isn't into the humanoid Humongous Mecha that we commonly associate with the trope. So, while Getter Robo was the final chronologically of the three, it was the one that most resembled the trope we know today.
• Raideen — First Transforming Mecha.
• Super Dimension Fortress Macross — It popularized the Transforming Mecha genre; also sometimes considered to be the first "true" Real Robot show, as every mecha was mass-produced, and not a hint of "prototypes" being the focus. Also, Macross Missile Massacre.
• Sally the Witch — first Magical Girl, with Bewitched serving as the Ur-Example.
• My Motto is Living Honestly and Humbly — first "Reborn as Villainess" Story, but less known than the Trope Codifier My Next Life as a Villainess: All Routes Lead to Doom!

Arts

• David: Many scholars attribute to this sculpture the popular misconception of stone statues being pristine and white all along. While Michelangelo Buonarroti's David is like this, the ones that survived the Greco-Roman period were originally painted in bright colors and their actual state is a consequence of time fading them away.

Comic Books

• Although you can trace the idea of a masked hero with a secret identity all the way through pulp fiction back to Victorian literature, George Brenner's The Clock, first seen in Funny Pages #6 and Funny Picture Stories #1 (both published in 1936), was the first masked crimefighter in comics and introduced tropes like the secret identity and socially respectable alter ego, the crimefighting sidekick, and the use of gadgets by the heroes to the medium. To date the character only appears in references, and has fallen into the public domain.
• The Justice Society of America was the very first Super Team to ever exist.
• Hellblazer — Created and introduced many Urban Fantasy tropes such as Post-Modern Magik and Blue-Collar Warlock. Also started characters being Exiled from Continuity, with the protagonist John Constantine as Ur-Example.
• The Crisis Crossover as we know it was invented by Marvel Comics' Secret Wars (1984) where most of Marvel's A-list heroes and villains fought each other on a cosmic Patchwork World with high-stakes for everyone involved.
• Galactus is often credited as the first straight example of the Planet Eater trope, he's the image that many defer to when this trope comes up even today.
• Prince Namor the Sub-Mariner qualifies as a Trope Maker of the Captain Fishman trope, having been originally written as a superhero before being made out as more of an Anti-Hero. He's the half-human, half-Atlantean and mutant son of the Queen of Atlantis, having been raised to be its ruler. This usually pits him against humanity, whom he sees as an existential threat to his underwater kingdom, though he isn't above working alongside heroes like the Fantastic Four.

Film — Live-Action

• Sallie Gardner at a Gallop — Depending on how exactly we choose to define "film", this might be the very first, produced in 1878. Roundhay Garden Scene from 1888 would then be the oldest surviving film.
• The Sneeze — The first thing ever to be caught on actual film (as opposed to paper, like earlier experiments were).
• The Kiss (1896) — The first movie kiss and therefore the first Erotic Film in a way. Also the first example of an Exploitation Film as it was specifically made to feature a kiss and delivers this promise within the 18 seconds of its length. Also the first movie to cause a scandal and attempts to get it banned.
• Star Theatre (1901) — Time Lapse
• The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari — Circus of Fear, Looks Like Cesare, Cuckoos Nest, Twist Ending.
• Equilibrium — Gun Kata.
• The Maltese Falcon — Generally considered the first Film Noir.
• It's a Wonderful Life — First example of It's a Wonderful Plot, for which it also is the Trope Namer.
• Jaws was the first wide-release film, opening in hundreds of theaters at once instead of a gradual release with the movie travelling from town to town. As a result, it was the first Summer Blockbuster.
• Seven Samurai — Contained a lot of film firsts, such as recruiting a group of quirky heroes to achieve a goal and introducing the main protagonist in a way unrelated to the plot. Sometimes is considered to be the first modern action movie or first modern epic movie.
• Gaslight is both the trope maker and the Trope Namer for Gaslighting. Incidentally, the phrase is also a legitimate psychiatric term.
• Since You Went Away — First use of the Train-Station Goodbye.
• Toy Story (and by extension, Pixar themselves) — Bringing the All-CGI Cartoon to the big screen.
• Scanners — Created the Psychic Nosebleed and Your Head A-Splode as part of its Body Horror take on Psychic Powers.
• Cat People — Cat Scare. But despite the name, they used a bus.
• Intolerance — Generally considered to be the first Epic Movie.
• The Birth of a Nation created the modern Hollywood movie as it stands today.
• Godzilla (1954) — The Tokyo Fireball was created by, and is a staple of, everybody's favorite giant radioactive lizard. He also invented kaiju and tokusatsu!
  • Before that, however, The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms invented the Nuclear Mutant trope, with the first ever giant monster to be linked to atomic radiation. It was also the first giant monster movie of The '50s, and the first since King Kong back in 1933.
• Bullitt — Cowboy Cop. Unbuilt as his behavior royally screws up the case.
• SupermanTheMovie — Not the first Superhero movie by any means, but it was the first true Summer Blockbuster to feature a comic-book hero as its lead.
• Blade Runner — Invented cyberpunk in film, along with William Gibson's seminal novel Neuromancer.
• The Great Train Robbery — The first Western.
• Garden-Hose Squirt Surprise is the oldest joke in the history of motion pictures, dating back to The Sprinkler Sprinkled (1895), one of the pioneering short films made by the Lumiere brothers.
• Cannibal Holocaust was the first found footage film in 1980.
• Akira Kurosawa made everything we know about chanbara.
• Star Wars — One of first movies to utilize the Used Future in film and popularized the Space Western. Along with Jaws, it also effectively created the concept of the Summer Blockbuster.
• 12 Angry Men — Rogue Juror
• The Kid — First film Dramedy.
• Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was the first English-language full-length animated film.
  • El Apóstol, from 1917, was the first feature-length animated film.
• Bringing Up Baby — Dinosaur Doggie Bone.
• Dr. Strangelove— Riding the Bomb
• This is Spın̈al Tap invented the Mockumentary genre.
• The Carry On film series — first James Bond parody movie (Carry On Spying); probably paved the way for the Affectionate Parody and Whole-Plot Reference genre films^note Faced being sued by Hollywood a couple of times, accused of "copying" their movies, but the court ruled in Carry On's favor, noting that Carry On was parodying them, and not taking credit for other movie studios' work; and began the Awful British Sex Comedy trope/genre, possibly due to one of the most famous scenes in Carry On Camping (which was later trope codifed by the Confessions of a... series).
• Never Weaken — Established the construction zone as a setting for comedy based on the protagonist being in mortal danger.
• Safety Last! — Stock Clock Hand Hang. Harold Lloyd's character clutches the hands of a large clock as he dangles from the outside of a skyscraper.
• The Hands of Orlac — Evil Hand. Many later examples are remakes of this movie.
• Wings of Desire — Started and popularized the image of Angels in Overcoats, with its two angel protagonists wearing overcoats instead of something more heavenly-looking like "pearly white robes".
• Up in Smoke — The Stoner Flick.

Folklore

• Various legends and folktales from the Eighteenth and Nineteenth centuries about Countess Elizabeth Bathory provide the origins the Blood Bath myth for rejuvenating beauty and youth.

Literature

• The Epic of Gilgamesh — One of the earliest known written stories. If there's a written story that was written before it, we don't know about it. Essentially, as far as modern civilization is concerned, The Epic of Gilgamesh was the Trope Maker for every single trope it contained.
• Book of Imaginary Beings (1957) — Our Perytons Are Different. Borges invented the creatures entirely from whole cloth, but, as he included them in a book filled with descriptions of genuine mythical and folkloric entities (albeit editorialized to various degrees), later writers assumed that they were also from pre-modern myths and included them in fantasy settings alongside other fabulous monsters.
• The Elric Saga — Formally introduced fantasy to the Order Versus Chaos dichotomy, which Dungeons & Dragons codified into the Alignment System that we all know and love (or loathe) today.
• J. R. R. Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit — Created the High Fantasy genre. He's the reason Our Dwarves Are All the Same, and kicked off (well, codified) the whole Elves vs. Dwarves thing. He also largely invented Orcs, the modern fantasy version of Treants, and the most common Western incarnation of the Evil Overlord — various flavors of evil tyrants existed well before him, but the ominous fantasy ruler covered in spiked armor and brooding in a looming fortress traces primarily back to Sauron.
• Conan the Barbarian — Created the Heroic Fantasy genre, especially its Darker and Edgier variants. Arguably has a basis in Samson from The Bible.
• Edgar Allan Poe — Normally known as a horror writer, he also invented the modern detective story and modern science fiction.
• Pulp Magazines — Created Weird Science.
• H. G. Wells — One of the earliest science fiction writers, many science fiction tropes originated in his novels and short stories.
  • His short story "The Chronic Argonauts" (1888) and novel The Time Machine (1895) are the source of the term "time machine", and thus a Trope Maker for Time Travel — but not the Ur-Example, because a few authors had time machines before Wells.
  • The War of the Worlds (1898) is the first large-scale alien invasion in literature, and the Tripods are prototype Humongous Mecha.
• Jules Verne made submarines cool with 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, as well as the ideas of ship graveyards and Atlantis.
• Dune took Used Future to the logical extreme and has been copied countless times.
• H. P. Lovecraft — Created Lovecraftian horror, although there are a few Ur Examples.
• A Clockwork Orange — The familiar strapped-into-a-chair-with-your-eyelids-taped-open method of Brainwashing.
• Childhood's End made the Ominous Floating Spaceship trope.
• Sherlock Holmes — Arguably created the first Supervillain Big Bad, Professor Moriarty, and the Sherlock Scan.
• Nick Carter created the boy sidekick, and the Rogues Gallery.
• The Leatherstocking Tales — James Fenimore Cooper's Hawkeye was the trope maker for The Gunslinger and the romantic concept of the American Frontier. Trope codifier, not the trope maker, for the concept of the Noble Savage / Magical Native American.
• Don Quixote — Made many Spanish tropes. The first Deconstruction, many critics consider it the first modern novel too, because it wasn't about ponies and princesses and was written by a commoner, not a nobleman.
• Lensman — Created the Space Opera genre. Arthur C. Clarke stated at one point that "Smith holds all the original Star Wars patents".
  • Also responsible for Powered Armor. Starship Troopers became the Trope Codifier.
• The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress — Created the orbital bombardment and colony drop tropes: the Moon delivers a massive beatdown on the Earth using the masses of a mass rocks.
• Vernor Vinge — Invented computer-networking-as-virtual-reality (later codified by William Gibson.)
• The Vampyre. The first vampire literature in the English language. Lord Ruthven was a Daywalking Vampire who drank blood, was incredibly seductive, and of aristocratic stock. When slain he would simply rise from death upon the next moon.
• Isaac Asimov —
  • The "Three Laws of Robotics" were made famous by Dr Asimov because he believed that robots were machines that would be built with restrictions on their behaviour. However, those restrictions would rarely make robots 100% safe, and most stories showed how the "Laws" would fail to account for one corner-case or another. Many later works refer to these laws by "Asimov's Laws".
    • Asimov himself credits John W. Campbell with having created them when he was Asimov's editor.
  • The city-wide planet idea was first proposed for Trantor, seen when he published "Dead Hand" in Astounding Science Fiction (April 1945 issue). Trantor would inspire the Trope Codifier, Coruscant from Star Wars.
• Mark Twain — Can be argued that he was the first true American novelist in style, though not the first American-born writer (i.e. Henry James, Washington Irving, Edgar Allan Poe), but his style was much less dependent on the European style of writing. He can be counted as both a Trope Maker and Trope Codifier of American literature
  • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn — Made multi-ethnic protagonist teams okay, particularly the source of Token Black Friend. Remember, this was written not too long after the Civil War, with racism still heavy in the United States.
• Edgar Rice Burroughs's John Carter of Mars, along with his Venus books, defined Planetary Romance.
• The Devil and Daniel Webster — Created the Jury of the Damned.
• L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz — This book and the following series kicked off the whole Worldbuilding thing; mind you, this only happened because Baum got stuck writing the series to pay the bills and had to expand Oz out of necessity.
  • Ozma of Oz introduces Tik-Tok, the first Clockwork Creature, who is also the likely earliest example of Robo Speak.
• The works of William Gibson: Acknowledged as the father of Cyberpunk and many related tropes.
• Friedrich Nietzsche's Also Sprach Zarathustra arguably created the Monster Clown with the evil-and-murderous-yet-holier-than-thou jester-man, No-Name-the-Clown.
• The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer is recognized as one of the first uses of satire and sarcasm in English.
• A Sojourn in the City of Amalgamation, in the Year of Our Lord, 19— is this for the Dystopia.
• Hiroshi Aramata's Teito Monogatari is widely credited as the first modern Japanese fantasy novel to heavily feature Onmyōdō mysticism, which became a major trope in Japanese pop culture.
• Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu's In a Glass Darkly (1872) had the first Occult Detective with Dr. Martin Hesselius, and also created the Lesbian Vampire with its fifth segment, Carmilla.
• Communion by Whitley Strieber, the allegedly true story of the author's experience of a UFO abduction, includes the first noted reference to an extra-terrestrial Anal Probing in public media and has inspired just about every joke about rectal probes, much to Strieber's
• Somnium — Considered by a few to be the very first Science-fiction novel ever made. The book in question was one of the very last books that the astronome Kepler ever wrote and used many scientific theories he proved during his lifetime as explanations in the book (such as explaining the movement of planets to note how the main character in the book would look from the moon to the earth).
• Treasure Island - As mentioned in the page quote, this is the source of many Pirate Tropes, and contributed greatly to almost every depiction of pirates to come afterward.
• Gulliver's Travels invented the concept of aerial bombardment.
• Dragonriders of Pern invented the Dragon Rider trope as we know it today, and is also the Trope Codifier (possibly alongside The Inheritance Cycle and How to Train Your Dragon, depending on who you ask).

Live-Action TV

• The Adventures of Pete & Pete — among the first of many American sitcoms to feature all of the following things: on location production, lack of a laugh track and the single camera setup. The fact that it was a children's show on a cable network meant that most were unaware of this new style of sitcom until Malcolm in the Middle (the Trope Codifier) helped popularize it in the late 1990's.
  • Pete & Pete is more or less tied as the Trope Maker with The Larry Sanders Show, which started around the same time. However, since Larry was not only broadcast on a cable channel but one you had to pay extra for, that meant that fewer people outside of its small cult audience were likely aware of the shared innovations of Sanders.
  • You're probably asking yourself "but what about M*A*S*H?", well, that's a different trope altogether (and it also drastically predates all other shows with this style by decades, it being very ahead of its time in that respect).
• An American Family — The first contemporary Reality TV program.
• Dark Shadows laid the groundwork for similar fantasy, Monster of the Week shows such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Charmed and Supernatural.
• Degrassi Junior High. Before it there were afterschool specials populated with one-shot characters, there were ensemble dramas with teenage characters and there were teen Sitcoms, but it was the first Teen Drama.
• Dragnet is the trope maker for the Police Procedural.
• Fawlty Towers is the maker and codifier of the "Fawlty Towers" Plot. Even though it only ran for twelve episodes, it's still considered one of the most influential sitcoms of all time.
• The French Chef with Julia Child was the first nationwide Cooking Show and Child was the world's first actual "celebrity chef", predating Britain's Graham Kerr by a decade.
• Good Times — Wilona Woods was the Sassy Black Woman.
• Guiding Light — The world's first Soap Opera, originating in 1937 on CBS Radio and making the move to TV in 1952. It finally ceased production in 2009.
• I Love Lucy — The first syndicated Sitcom. Almost every single "wacky" sitcom situation that you can think of was either born on this show or at least popularized by it.
• J.A.K.Q. Dengekitai — This Super Sentai team originally consisted of four members until the introduction of Sokichi Banba, AKA "Big One", was added to the roster, making him the first example of the Sixth Ranger before they became a series tradition in Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger / Mighty Morphin' Power Rangers.
• Lizzie McGuire — paved the roads of every Disney Channel sitcom post-2000s with its format.
• Mister Rogers' Neighborhood — The definitive work in educational television programming.
• Monty Python's Flying Circus — Created the word "Pythonesque"; made "surrealism", "sex jokes" and "British comedy" go hand in hand from then on. The quintessential British comedy around the world.
• Quincy, M.E. — A Seventies Forensic Drama that would presage shows like CSI and established most of the tropes common to the genre, particularly the angle of a non-cop forensic scientist who solves crimes alongside the actual cops.
• Star Trek: The Original Series — Believe it or not, technically it was the first Space Western, as that's how Gene Roddenberry pitched it (though in execution it codified Space Opera instead). Popularized Space Opera and created quite a few tropes of its own.
• Spider-Man — First use of the piloted giant robots so common in Super Sentai series. Yea, Spider-Man (the Toei version). It's not formally considered a Super Sentai series, because he battles alone without a team... and because Toei leased the distribution rights from Marvel, and couldn't use him in later iterations.
• Tales Of Tomorrow — This nearly forgotten series was TV's first Genre Anthology.
• Talk Soup — Started the snarky pop culture daily (at the time)/weekly clip show. First aired in 1991, ended in 2002. Revived in 2004 as The Soup, spun off The Dish, Sports Soup and Web Soup. It has imitators in Infomania and Tosh.0
• Wide World of Sports — Invented the Sports Anthology genre. The sports nets like ESPN wouldn't exist without it.
• Password — First game show to have a definitive Bonus Round.

Music

• Bill Monroe created bluegrass.
• Ougenweide created Medieval Rock/Metal music by combining medieval texts and melodies with modern Rock and Hard Rock.
• The Beatles, with almost every subgenre of rock music after them. Musicologically speaking, in this day and age, to say a certain rock band is "Beatles-like" is redundant.
  • Including Brass Rock. You don't believe it? Then listen to "Good Morning, Good Morning" from Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band......
  • With Richard Lester, they made the first music videos with the films A Hard Day's Night and Help! and with their promos for Rain and Paperback Writer. MTV credited Dick Lester as the father of music videos. His response was asking for a blood test.
• The Who directly created Punk Rock, and also innovated in hard rock. Along with Led Zeppelin, made heavier rock and metal as we know it.
  • Despite there being one before it (by the same group, no less), Tommy by The Who is the first Rock Opera. (Well, okay, The Who had done two other things before which you might call rock operas - "A Quick One, While He's Away", "Rael" - but the former was a track long and the latter two tracks so neither counts.)
  • Additionally, The Who+The Beatles and/or The Byrds=Power Pop. Pete Townshend was even the person who originally coined the term "power pop", and first used it to describe what their single "Pictures of Lily" sounded like to a journalist for the NME.
• The Yardbirds are practically a who's-who of blues-rock guitarists (at different times, Jeff Beck, Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page numbered amongst their members). They popularized riff-driven songs and pioneered the use of fuzz, distortion, feedback and innovative recording techniques. And evolved into...
• Led Zeppelin, who created heavy metal, along with Heavy Mithril, and Viking Metal.
  • Before the first major Yardbirds hit and long before Zeppelin, Jimmy Page contributed guitar to a song by Françoise Hardy called "Je N'attends Plus Personne" which featured an extremely fuzzy tone and a blistering solo.
  • Blue Cheer really need to get the credit for creating heavy metal the way the early bands played it. Their influence was heavily evident in the most popular of the early metal bands, Black Sabbath, Grand Funk Railroad, and Iron Butterfly. That influence extended through Motörhead and Venom.
• Credit Prog Rock to King Crimson, Yes, Genesis, Procol Harum and The Moody Blues.
  • The Moody Blues also invented symphonic rock.
  • Procol Harum may also have created Epic Rocking. Some might also name Frank Zappa or The Beatles for creating prog.
• Kraftwerk, the first band to really experiment with electronic music. You might even say they were the first "new-wave" music group.
  • Prior to this, electronic instruments were used in neo-classical compositions. The first all-electronic composition was recorded in the late 1930s.
• New Order practically invented Alternative Dance with singles like "Temptation" and most famously "Blue Monday".
• Black Sabbath, the first band to use detuned guitar in a metal context, although they are more of the trope codifiers, because they took disparate elements (dark lyrical themes, riff and guitar-driven music, heavy distortion, drug abuse, and tough attitude) and put them together to create what's known today as "heavy metal".
• Iron Maiden and Judas Priest first blended hard rock with heavy metal.
• Pink Floyd established progressive rock as psychedelic.
• Ichiro Mizuki is widely credited as the maker and/or codifier of the animusic genre. There's a reason he was known as The Emperor of Anime Songs and referred to as "Aniki"/"Big Brother" by not just his fans, but just about everyone in the entire Japanese entertainment industry.
• X Japan is arguably the creator of Visual Kei (or at least, the first band to collect all of its elements into one band concept and name it a name similar to "Visual Kei")
  • By extension, Yoshiki Hayashi, by being the first person to name it as such, is the Trope Maker and Trope Namer of Visual Kei.
• The trope makers for Death Metal are Possessed's Seven Churches and Death's Scream Bloody Gore. While other bands like Celtic Frost and Bulldozer had similar sounds, the former two were the first bands to really solidify the genre as a distict form of music sepaparte from Thrash Metal and Black Metal.
• For First-Wave Black Metal, the trope maker is generally considered to either be Venom or, if Venom considered to be Thrash Metal rather than black metal, Hellhammer. For the Second Wave, The trope makers are generally cited as being Mayhem and Sarcofago.
• Napalm Death is the trope maker for Grindcore, combining elements of Hardcore Punk bands like Siege and Discharge, Death Metal/Black Metal/Thrash Metal bands like Celtic Frost and Repulsion, and Noise Rock/Post-Punk bands like Swans and Killing Joke into one ugly, misshapen whole.
• Ludwig van Beethoven was the world's first Romantic composer. And Debussy defines the Modern movement that followed the Romantic.
• While the biggest influences on Stoner Metal had been around for a while before the genre itself formed, Kyuss and Sleep were the first bands to actually make music in that style.
• Even though there were some innovative music videos before they came along, Russell Mulcahy and the directing team of Godley and Creme (former bandmates in 10cc) were the Trope Makers as far as creative, groundbreaking music videos go. Back when even Michael Jackson was just doing in-studio "performance" videos, Mulcahy was shooting filmic videos on location and Godley and Creme were using innovative visual effects and creating whole stories for their videos that put the focus away from straightforward performance videos.
• The Stooges are the Trope Makers when it comes to punk rock. While there may have been other artists before who laid the groundwork for punk, they were among the first to put all the pieces together and perform what could reliably be considered punk rock.
• R.E.M. essentially created the Alternative Rock genre with their debut single, the original "Radio Free Europe." As noted in one biography, the single "...marked the point in time where post-punk turned into alternative rock."
• On a more limited level The Velvet Underground more or less invented the Obligatory Bondage Song with "Venus in Furs" (on their debut album The Velvet Underground & Nico).
  • Before anyone gets their knickers in a twist, Tom Lehrer's "The Masochism Tango" is an Unbuilt Trope version.
• Yellow Magic Orchestra was the first Synth-Pop band. While Kraftwerk was the first to do live performances of electronic music, YMO was the first to do it without playing up the instruments' novelty.
• Lïkë Ümläüts? Thänk Blue Öyster Cult.
• Queensrÿche, Fates Warning and Dream Theater are generally considered to be the first three Progressive Metal bands.
  • Rush was the pioneer in blending Hard Rock and Progressive Rock, and no wonder many progressive metal bands cite Rush as an influence.
• The entire oeuvre of Shoe Gazing was essentially a bunch of bands trying to sound like My Bloody Valentine's first album. A significant fraction of modern indie rock is bands trying to sound like their second.
• The Jesus and Mary Chain created and codified Noise Pop with their debut album Psychocandy.
• Blur are regularly cited as the creators of Britpop.
• Skream popularized dubstep with what is believed to be the first proper dubstep song called midnight request line
• Metallica's "Kill 'em All" (specifically "Hit the Lights" the first recorded song from the album, released for the compilation album "Metal Massacre" in 1982) is usually cited as Thrash Metal's Trope Maker, but some give that honor to Venom's "Welcome to Hell," and dub Metallica the Trope Codifier.
• The Age of Love's self-titled (and only) single is widely considered the first true trance song.
• Steve Roden is the almighty pioneer of the lowercase genre in which he took Ambient and Minimalism and pumped them up, Ironically. His album Forms of Paper was 50 sheers minutes of silence and ambient noises that he amplified using digital equipment.
• Ministry was the trope maker of Industrial Metal.
• Cher's "Believe" was the first mainstream song to utilize Auto-Tune for the "plastic" distortion effect.
• Gang of Four were the first Dance-Punk band, combining Punk Rock with Funk and Dub rhythms.
• Florida Georgia Line, particularly their debut smash "Cruise", are both makers and codifiers of "bro-country", the wave of rock-influenced, party-themed Country Music in The New '10s. In fact, the term "bro-country" was coined in an article about the duo.
• Post-Rock was invented more or less simultaneously in 1991 by both Talk Talk and Slint.
• Pet Sounds by The Beach Boys is the trope maker for Baroque Pop.
• Hardcore Punk is considered to have begun with Wire's "12 X U".
• BABYMETAL created the "kawaii metal" subgenre in Japan by blending Heavy Metal with J-Pop.
• The Bauhaus song "Bela Lugosi's Dead" is usually credited for launching the Goth Rock genre.
• Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five were the trope makers for PoliticalRap with tracks like "The Message" and "White Lines."
• Back when the majority of Christian music was stodgy old hymns and religious folks saw rock music as downright evil (or at least wouldn't admit in public to liking it), along came Petra with a rock sound and Christian lyrics.
• Kanye West is responsible for quite a few of these. He invented Chipmunk Soul in the late 90s by speeding up and digitally altering vocal samples, and his 2008 album 808s and Heartbreak invented the genre of Alternative R&B.

Newspaper Comics

• Dick Tracy — Has been called the first Police Procedural, originator of the Death Trap and the Rogues Gallery.
• Yellow Kid — The first modern newspaper comic, introducing modern speech balloons.
• Little Nemo in Slumberland — Probably the earliest comic ever to use Frame Break, and it provides a very early example of many Postmodernism tropes.
• Peanuts — The character of Franklin is the earliest example of Token Black Friend.

Pinball

• Baffle Ball is the first commercially successful "pin game", and launched the entire pinball genre.
• Black Knight 2000 is the first Pinball game to feature a Wizard Mode, "The King's Ransom".
• Terminator 2: Judgement Day is the first Pinball game with a Video Mode.

Professional Wrestling

• George Hackenschmidt is the Trope Maker for World Heavyweight Champion in pro wrestling. Josie Wahlford is the Ur-Example, as far as we know but Hackenschmidt's tour of several countries, beating the best of their champions he could find, is the model that was followed by Lou Thesz in the NWA later. The trope namer for women would be Cora Livingston, who followed the Hackenschmitd model and was a much better and more famous wrestler than Wahlford. Wahlford wasn't actually accepted around the world as a champion of wrestling and was more successful internationally in weightlifting competitions.
• The industry itself regarding tag teams. Jack Pferer is commonly credited if individuals are needed. This is significant because Pferer is otherwise a name usually brought up by people who want to talk about how much they despised him for his outlaw mudshows, among other things.
• EMLL founder Salvador Lutteroth is called "The Father Of Lucha Libre". While pro wrestling had existed in Mexico before, it was something done by foreigners coming in on tour akin to a circus. He and his luchadors also established several tropes that became synonymous the Mexican scene. He got the idea for masks and secret identities from the Masked Marvel but El Santo is where the masked luchador culture, and to a lesser extent, the high risk moves associated with it, come from.
• Lou Thesz played a large part in creating pro wrestling as its known in the United States, especially when it comes to "wrestling moves", the German suplex, Power bomb, STF and Thesz press being among his innovations.
• Rikidozan is called the father of Puroresu. Outside of a handful of dedicated clubs, "pro wrestling" was a side show act in Japan for things like concerts at best. The JWA was the nation's first true promotion.
• Gorgeous George was not the first pro wrestler to use Ambiguously Gay for a gimmick but was so outrageous for his time that his name is lent to a recurring gimmick.
• The Hawaiian Territory Tag Team of Professor Tanaka and Mr. Fuji inspired two different lines of "Asian" heels. Tanaka for his overwhelming power, ruthlessness and tendency to throw "salt" into the eyes of his opponents when these were not enough to win, Fuji for his sneakiness, creepiness and use of 'boring' tactics like nerve pinches. Even non Asians like The Midnight Express and Savio Vega would take up the tactics of Tanaka and Fuji, respectively.
• EMLL is also the trope maker in regards to mini estrellas. "Midget wrestling" had been around for decades and teenagers(and preteens) getting in the ring before growths spurts was as old as pro wrestling itself but it wasn't until the 1990s when Antonio Peña came up with the idea to make divisions for people below certain heights^note usually 1.52 meters but sometimes as high as 1.72 when they want to keep a growing wrestler in the division longer, want a "giant" or simply don't have enough people regardless of the reason they were short. EMLL also popularized having multiple versions of the same gimmick on wrestlers of different sizes. Mostly because of Mascarita Sagrada, whose popularity at least equals movie star Mascara Sagrada's.

Radio

• Orson Welles chose to present his famous radio adaptation of The War of the Worlds as a series of news bulletins and live news coverage of a fictional Martian invasion. He wound up inventing several tropes having to do with use of fictional "news" stories to advance plot, including Deadline News, Phony Newscast, This Just In!, We Are Experiencing Technical Difficulties, and We Interrupt This Program.
• Fibber McGee and Molly — Nearly every supporting character was Drop-In Character.

Tabletop Games

• Kriegspiel was the first war game, created by a German nobleman to train his generals in military strategy. The name means "wargame."
• Dungeons & Dragons — The first pen-and-paper role-playing game put into publication and would countinue to define and set standards for the entire industry. As technology marched on it would influence digital firsts such as Ultima and Rogue, thus responsible for the entire computer and console RPG genre.
  • Dungeons & Dragons was also responsible for Record of Lodoss War. Everything that series has contributed (such as long anime elf ears) might not have been imagined without it. The creator of Record of Lodoss War (Ryo Mizuno), did for Japan what Gary Gygax did for the West and published Sword World: the most popular Japanese Tabletop Game ever. The implications are massive, since Sword World is said to be the inspiration for later anime, manga, light novels, video games... in addition to the continued success of the current Japanese Tabletop Game market.
• Call of Cthulhu was the first major horror RPG, and is the acknowledged Trope Maker of the Sanity Meter, a variation of which can be found in almost all horror RPGs that followed it (e.g. Humanity in Vampire: The Masquerade, the Madness Meters of Unknown Armies, etc, etc). As with Dungeons & Dragons, this aspect is often copied in video games as well as tabletops.
• Although comedic elements often appeared in earlier games, Paranoia was the first RPG that was all comedy.
• The first pen-and-paper role-playing game where players created characters by allocating a fixed budget of points, rather than rolling dice, was Superhero 2044. It provided few rules for how points were to be spent, but a fan supplement directly inspired Tabletop Game/Champions and through it a lot of other games.
• It's a rare collectible card game that owes nothing at all to Magic: The Gathering. It could be argued that there's no such thing, since Richard Garfield essentially invented (and patented!) the idea of a game with collectible pieces.

Theater

• William Shakespeare — See The Zeroth Law of Trope Examples, Shout-Out to Shakespeare.
• Jacopo Peri's Dafne (now lost) and Euridice sought to revive Greek theater, in which music played an equally important role to the drama. Although they failed in this regard, they created the notion of a "drama set within music"; inventing opera and all other musical theater. Seven years later, the Trope Codifier appeared: Claudio Monteverdi's Orfeo, based on the same myth as Peri's Euridice.

Video Games

• Adventure — Created the console Action-Adventure genre, and the first Wide-Open Sandbox game.
• Angélique was the first romance game explicitly aimed at a female audience with multiple male love interests, essentially creating the Otome Game genre.
• Boiling Point: Road to Hell — Open-world first-person shooters.
• Cabal — A shooting game that spawned a lot of clones such as Blood Bros and Wild Guns.
• Colossal Cave — Created the Interactive Fiction/Adventure Game genre (it's even the Trope Namer on the latter).
• Columns — Match-Three Game
• dnd — The game is notable for having the very first boss battle in a video game ever.
• Dragon Quest I — The first true Eastern RPG.
• Doom — Created many tropes of the Space Marine genre. It was also the first proper example of Explosive Barrels.
• Wizardry — The first RPG with a menu based battle system.
• Dragon Buster — First instance of the Double Jump.
• Dragon Slayer — Often considered the first Action RPG and it influenced Action-Adventure games as well. Published in 1984 by Falcom for PC88, it introduced the core gameplay that series such as Hydlide and The Legend Of Zelda would expand upon: underground labyrinths, an overworld, item inventory, and puzzle dungeons.
• Duke Nukem 3D's Mighty Boot is the earliest known example of Quick Melee in a shooter.
• Elite — Credited as being the first truly open-ended video game, as well as being the first truly 3D game for home computers.
• Stonkers^note Added point & click interface, as well as the real-time action, Nether Earth^note Added unit production, ability to capture or destroy buildings and resource management and The Ancient Art of War^note From sci-fi to the historical setting, as well as deeper abilities to manipulate the resources — Co-makers of the Real-Time Strategy genre, despite how little-known they were compared to the latter Dune II (which was mistakenly considered as a Trope Maker of the genre, rather than being Trope Codifier / Genre Popularizer).
• Factorio — Gave rise to the Factory-Building Game. In fact, the developers, before starting on Factorio, checked whether such a game already existed, finding to their astonishment that there wasn't one.
• Final Fantasy — Introduced the trend of airships in JRPGS, and explicitly delineated types of magic.
• Final Fantasy VII — Introduced the modern trend of heavy CGI in most JRPGs.
• GoldenEye (1997) — More or less defined the standard of the FPS genre on game consoles, establishes or popularizes many tropes seen in later FPS games.
• Gradius — Responsible for bringing new life to the Horizontal Scrolling Shooter genre of Shoot Em Ups, also the first video game to use Attack Drones (that follow the character like a tail) and portable shields for the Player Character, along with a currency-based Power-Up system that later evolves into an in-game shop for future shooter games. The game also inspired the use of Shielded Core Bosses.
• Grand Theft Auto — Popularized and defined the standard of the Wide-Open Sandbox game.
• Half-Life — Established many of the tropes of later FPS games.
• Hunter — The first 3D GTA-like. It also introduced the concept of free roam in a 3D-world as early as 1991.
• Hydlide — Regenerating health and magic.
• I, Robot — First game to use polygon-based graphics, camera control and a sandbox option. All of this in 1983!
• Jet Set Radio — Pioneered the usage of Cel Shading in video games.
• Kana: Little Sister — Defined the utsuge-tropes in Japanese visual novels for the English audience.
• Karate Champ — First Fighting Game.
• Manbiki Shounen (Shoplifting Boy) — The first commercially available Stealth-Based Game.
• Marathon — The first true example of Mouselook.
• Megami Tensei — Introduced recruitable monsters to RPGs. Its source material, Digital Devil Story, is a deconstruction of the idea, making it unbuilt.
  • Shin Megami Tensei I was also revolutionary in its handling of apocalyptic disasters, angels, gods, demons, balance of power and morality in the face of The End of the World as We Know It.
• Metal Gear — Implemented primitive third-person cover shooter gameplay, which was later codified with Rainbow Six and Gears of War.
• Meridian 59 — The first visual MMORPG.
• Metroid — Invented the Metroidvania genre.
• Minecraft — Created both the sandbox building game, and the Survival Sandbox genre.
• Modem Wars was the first networked multiplayer game.
• Myst — Launched the Beautiful Void subgenre, and popularized Scenery Porn in PC games.
• Mystery House is the very first graphical adventure.
• Oshare Majo Love & Berry was the first card-based Virtual Paper Doll rhythm arcade game, later popularized by Aikatsu! and Pretty Rhythm.
• The Outfoxies, an obscure Namco game, created the Platform Fighter genre that would later be popularized by Super Smash Bros.
• Pac-Man — The first Maze Game.
  • Ms. Pac-Man — The first video game with a female playable character.
  • Pac-Land — The first side-scrolling platformer.
• PaRappa the Rapper — The first Rhythm Game.
• Pokémon Red and Blue — Introduced the Mon Genre as we know it today, moving Monster Allies from auxiliary support options to the bread and butter of gameplay.
  • Pokémon Gold and Silver was the first game to feature daily activities affected by a real time clock, essentially creating the Play Every Day trope.
• Pinball Construction Set — the first Game Maker.
• Pong — The first successful Arcade Game, and the first home Video Game System, laying out many of the basics.
• Princess Maker — The first modern presentation of a galge with romantic elements aimed directly towards the player. Released in 1991 for the PC-9800. One year later saw the release of Graduation, introducing the now common school setting and female classmates. Tokimeki Memorial came about in 1994: it was the revolutionizing dating sim that presented winnable girls with complex personalities and challenging standards to win their love.
• Quarantine — Brought the Wide-Open Sandbox genre into the third dimension^note or, technically, "2D raycasting genre".
• Railroad Tycoon — Created the business simulation Tycoon genre.
• Rogue — Y'see, there's this type of game called a Roguelike... Also called "dungeon-crawlers".
• Nekketsu Kouha Kunio Kun/Renegade - established the foundations of the Beat 'em Up genre as we know it, or the "belt-scrolling" beat-em-ups at the very least, which was built upon by Double Dragon and its own sequel.
• R-Type — Introduced the idea of a formal system of powerups each of which did a specific thing (as opposed to the Gradius system of using powerups as currency). Introduced the idea of a controllable Attack Drone^note To be fair Gradius deserves credit for introducing Attack Drones for Video Games in the first place, but the only control the player can do is simply make them follow the Player Character like a snake's tail and position them., and the Reflecting Laser, Charged Attack and Battleship Raid tropes. People also note that it was the first 2D-shooter with an organic feel to it (meaning that it felt like you were inside the body of a monster).
• Scorched Earth — Turn-based Artillery.
• SimCity — Created the Sandbox/Simulation Game genre (or at least popularized it).
• Sonic the Hedgehog — Pioneered the Mascot with Attitude.
• Space Invaders — Created the Shoot 'Em Up genre. In addition, it was the first video game with a difficulty curve - by accident! The more sprites on the screen, the slower the game ran. As players eliminated enemy ships, those remaining moved faster, becoming harder to hit.
• Spacewar! — The first real Video Game! Also the first Shoot 'Em Up.
• Star Raiders — The first first-person space simulator.
• Story of Seasons — 1996's Harvest Moon was the first Farm Life Sim.
• Street Fighter II — Created the idea of a gallery of fighters from which you could pick and fight against. Also, stages.
• Superman (Atari 2600) is the very first licensed video game.
• Super Mario Bros. — More or less defined the Platformer genre.
  • And did platforming first in any case in Donkey Kong.
• Super Mario 64 — Did what Super Mario Bros. did... In 3D, thereby creating the Collect-a-Thon Platformer.
• Super Maruo is the very first unlicensed video game.
• Sweet Home (1989) is the first Survival Horror game, predating even Alone in the Dark (1992) by three years.
• Tetris — Truly popularised the Puzzle Game, in particular the Falling Blocks genre. A good majority of puzzle games are Tetris-like.
• Tomb Raider — Created many of the tropes of 3D Action-Adventure games.
• Virtua Fighter — The first successful 3D Fighting Game, and one of the first to use more realistic fighting styles as opposed to Ki Manipulation and projectiles.
• Wizard's Crown — Defined the Strategy RPG genre.
• Wolfenstein 3-D — The first popular First-Person Shooter, which invented most of the genre's conventions.
• Xevious — The first game to have Cores And Turrets Bosses as Boss Battles and set up the standards for Vertical Scrolling Shooter games.
• Yie Ar Kung-Fu — The first Fighting Game to feature health bars, female fighters, more than one Victory Pose for any fighter, groin attacks, a Mirror Match (the final opponent has the same moveset as the protagonist), and fighters of different fighting styles (though each is an extension of kung-fu).

Webcomics

• Penny Arcade — If not the first Two Gamers on a Couch gaming Webcomic, then one of the mainstays. Almost all other gaming webcomics can claim to have been inspired by Penny Arcade and its format in some way.
  • Bob and George — Made the tropes for the majority of sprite comics.
• DM of the Rings — The first Campaign Comic, i.e. a webcomic that describes (and parodies) a movie as if it were a tabletop roleplaying game.

Web Original

• WikiWikiWeb is the first wiki (technically user-editable website), debuting on the World Wide Web in March 1995 as an easy way for programmers to exchange ideas. Though digital hypertext databases existed prior (think Apple's Hypercard), WikiWikiWeb was that cemented the idea of a wiki first and led to similar websites, including the Trope Codifier Wikipedia.
• Yu-Gi-Oh! The Abridged Series — the Ur-Abridged Series.
• Red vs. Blue, the first modern Machinima.
• THE WORK, WHICH BECOMES A NEW GENRE ITSELF, WILL BE CALLED......... AMV HELL
• Chrontendo is the very first work in the chronogaming genre.
• The Goddamn George Liquor Program (By John Kricfalusi) was the first Web-based Cartoon specifically made for the Internet, predating Homestar Runner by 3 years. Also the first Web Cartoon to be completely made in Adobe Flash.
• ＬＯＣＡＬ５８, whose style was imitated so frequently that it spawned the Analog Horror genre.

Western Animation

• The Beatles — The first Band Toon.
• The Flintstones — The first Animated Sitcom.
• Pac-Man — The first Anime of the Game (well, cartoon of the game).
• Winky Dink and You — The first Merchandise-Driven cartoon.
• Steamboat Willie — First true sound cartoon, first real use of Mickey Mousing.
• Short theatrical animation such as Classic Disney Shorts, Looney Tunes and Fleischer Studios shorts created countless animation tropes, so many that this entire page could be filled with nothing but examples of this.
• The Ren & Stimpy Show — The first Grossout Show. Also the first to make extensive use of Gross-Up Close-Up.
• Gertie the Dinosaur — First use of the Roger Rabbit Effect
• Popeye — Power-Up Food. He also may be an Ur-Example of the modern Super Hero, in a way.
• Daffy Duck — The first real prankster cartoon character.
• Felix the Cat — First example of a "Scooby-Doo" Hoax in animation, in the episode "Felix the Ghost Breaker"(1923).
• Little Nemo (1911 short) — First Animated Adaptation.
• KaBlam! — First use of Adobe Flash on a Television Cartoon (For the Henry and June segments; starting in the 2nd Season).
• VeggieTales — The first All-CGI Cartoon, predating both Toy Story and ReBoot.

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