Rikki Barnes started off as (essentially) the female version of Captain America's sidekick Bucky.
On the subject of Captain America distaffs, Dani Cage (the daughter of Luke Cage and Jessica Jones) is the new Captain America in Ultron Forever, while a woman named Roberta Mendez is the new Captain America in the Marvel 2099 timeline.
Captain Marvel: Carol Danvers, the current Captain Marvel, formerly known as Ms. Marvel. She has long since overshadowed the original male Captain Marvel, as he only existed to allow Marvel Comics to trademark the name, and his series never really caught on with readers. As a result, he was eventually killed off and it's telling that he has actually stayed dead all these years. Ms. Marvel, on the other hand, was allowed to grow organically as a character and became much more popular with readers. Even when her original series was cancelled, she remained in readers' eyes through her complicated relationships with The Avengers and the X-Men. She went through several codenames before finally calling herself Captain Marvel, and while she isn't the first person or even the first woman to take the name since Mar-Vell's death, she is the only one who actually knew him in life.
There's a female Deadpool in another universe named "Wanda" Wilson, though her official name in her timeline is Deadpool as well. But she's also called Lady Deadpool, in the same way that "Zombie Deadpool's Head" is called Headpool.
In issue #1000, Deadpool was being coerced into joining a team of Canadian superheroes. First came the hockey-themed Puckman. Then, there was... Ms. Puckman.
Captain Britain: Psylocke briefly replaced her brother as a female Captain Britain before being brutally beaten by one of his enemies. The complicated series of events that followed led to her joining the X-Men. As of Dawn of X she returns to being Captain Britain, with Japanese assassin Kwannon (whose body the original Psylocke famously ended up trapped in for years) taking the Psylocke alias for herself.
Sharon Ventura, the second Ms. Marvel, became a female version of the Fantastic Four's Thing. She doesn't like the codename She-Thing.
The Marvel NOW!FF series introduces Miss Thing, a young woman in a Thing costume (the same one the original Thing wore during a period when he was Brought Down to Normal, in fact).
Galactus now has a daughter called Galacta, who is essentially the same concept, if less powerful, pickier about her diet, and considerably more adorable. Think Empowered (same creator), but replace Emp's image issues with food issues and a daddy complex.
Ghost Rider: The 2011 series introduced Alejandra Jones, a Mexican woman who became Ghost Rider.
Hawkeye: It can get confusing when you realize that there are currently two Hawkeye's in the Marvel universe - the original, Clint Barton and his Distaff Counterpart Kate Bishop. The latter took up the mantle (later officially acknowledged by Captain America) as part of the Young Avengers when the former was dead. When Clint came back, he ended up acknowledging that Kate was the best archer he'd ever met and simply allowed her to keep the monicker, even when he went back to being Hawkeye himself.
She-Hulk was made following rumors at the time that CBS was planning on making a spin-off of the wildly successful Hulk TV series starring a female Hulk. Marvel wouldn't see any royalties from that unless they had a trademark on "female Hulk", so they created She-Hulk. (Contrary to popular belief, this wasn't due to a sketch on The Benny Hill Show with a female Hulk, which aired over a year after She-Hulk was created.)
Gamma Corps Black is a trio of Distaff Counterparts to Hulk villains. Aberration (Female Abomination), Axon (Female Zzazz) and Morass (Female Glob).
That first one is a little redundant, since the Gamma Corps proper already has Mess, a female counterpart to the Abomination.
For a while Pepper Potts was a Distaff Counterpart to Iron Man, under the name Rescue. While her armour was destroyed, she still has implanted repulsor-tech, giving her a few Iron Man-like powers.
Iron Man got another distaff: Riri Williams a.k.a. Ironheart.
American Dream is a distaff Captain America. A little more than half of the heroes in this 'verse are heroines, in fact.
A villainous example is Magneta, a female version of Magneto with her own Sisterhood of Evil Mutants. And then there's Aftershock, the daughter of Electro, an enemy of Spider-Girl who's picked up the feud their fathers had. She doesn't call herself Electra probably to avoid confusion with a certain Greek ninja.
The Ladyhawk twins, who were inspired by (and wear costumes patterned after) The Falcon.
Thor Girl, obviously a counterpart to Thor. What makes it silly is that "Thor" isn't a superhero alias, it's his actual birth name. Putting "Girl" on the end of it is roughly equivalent to calling Supergirl "Clark Kent Girl" or Spider-Woman "Peter Parker Woman" or even Ironheart "Tony Stark Lass".
Jane Foster became the new Thor starting in 2014 following Original Sin. Because she wields Mjolnir and is worthy, she is Thor. Which is still confusing, since it's a name rather than a title. Interestingly, in a What If? story depicting her discovering Mjolnir instead of Donald Blake during the first Thor story, she was called Thordis instead.
Thor's original distaff counterpart was Valkyrie. Like Thor, she's an Asgardian who had adventures on Earth by way of joining her essence with a mortal, though she has long since grown into a distinct character in her own right. She died during War of the Realms, leaving the mantle to be assumed by none other than Jane Foster.
Rachel Cole-Alves, the female partner from Greg Rucka's run. She wears the exact same outfit as her male counterpart, with very little skin showing. Rucka's run ended with Alves hauled off to prison after accidentally killing an innocent cop, and his concluding "War Zone" miniseries has Frank freeing her to carry on the mission in Los Angeles. She eventually returns post-Secret Empire to help Frank battle the forces of Baron Zemo alongside Black Widow, the second Ghost Rider, Night Thrasher, and Moon Knight.
However, she's only the second female Punisher. The first was Lynn Michaels, an ex-cop turned vigilante.
Spider-Man has had five different Spider-Women (Jessica Drew, Julia Carpenter, Mattie Franklin, Charlotte Witter, and an Alternate UniverseGwen Stacy), two different Spider-Girls (May Parker and Anya Corazon), and the heroine Silk (Cindy Moon), who has the same powers as Peter but chose her own codename. Interestingly, the first two Spider-Women, Jessica and Julia, have origins completely unrelated to Spider-Man and had never even met him until after they were already established, their connection to him being purely thematic. Marvel EIC at the time even wanted Peter to have a black costume similar to Julia's, thus, the black costume was made, leading to the creation of Venom years later.
"All the ladies just want to be me, I guess." —- Spider-Man, The Incredible Hercules #139
In fact, the entire reason Spider-Woman was created was because Marvel found out that Filmation was going to create their own super heroine with that name.
Several of Spider-Man's villains have had this done to them:
A female Vietnamese scientist was transformed into Quicksand (and ironically started out fighting The Mighty Thor), Doctor Octopus has Lady Octopus as his girlfriend/student/successor, Kraven the Hunter's wife and daughter have taken up his mantle, Scorpia acquired superhuman powers and a mechanical tail similar to those used by the Scorpion, and among the several people who've taken up the mantle of Jack O' Lantern is Maguire "Maggie" Beck.
Not to mention newcomer Lady Stilt-Man. Who has since dropped the "Lady" despite remaining a lady.
Oddly enough, Lizard's distaff counterpart Komodo does double duty as both this and as a good counterpart.
The Venom symbiote once took a female host, known as She-Venom. A clone of the symbiote has had two hosts, both female - one called She-Venom (again) and one called Mania.
Sub-Mariner: Namora and Namorita to Namor. All half-human and half-Atlantean, part of the Atlantean minority of being born pink skinned (although Namorita would later develop blue skin), with Flying Brick power set, raised within the Atlantean royal family and more importantly all known more for their connections to other hero groups than their solo adventures.
Thanos: Thanos briefly created Terraxia the Terrible during his run in The Infinity Gauntlet, in an attempt to replace Death as his consort. Terraxia was an Amazonian Beauty female version of himself (she has the same purple skin, black empty eyes and wrinkled chin, as well as dresses in similar gold and blue). She apparently had all of his (non-Infinity Gauntlet) powers as well, including Thanos' strength, in that she was easily able to slay Iron Man and Spider-Man.
The Ultimates: The Giant-Woman Squad, an entire unit of female S.H.I.E.L.D. agents with costumes and abilities patterned after those of Giant-Man.
, this wasn't due to a sketch on The Benny Hill Show with a female Hulk, which aired over a year after She-Hulk was created.)
