Characters / TNO Southern Africa

Main Character Index Superpowers: Großgermanisches Reich (Heydrich's Germany) | The United States of America (1964-1968 American Presidents | 1972 American Presidents) | Dai-Nippon Teikoku Major Powers: Regno d'Italia | Iberian Union | Republic of Turkey | Ordensstaat Burgund Other Countries By Region: Africa: Northern & East Africa | West Africa | Southern Africa | Post-Colonial Central Africa Asia: Mainland China & Oceania (State of Guangdong | 1964-1972 Guangdong Chief Executives | Guangdong Flavor Characters) | Southeast Asia (Republic of Indonesia) | South Asia | Middle East | Central Asia Europe: Northern & Western Europe (British Isles | French State) | Southern Europe | Eastern Europe (Reichskommissariat Ukraine | Reichskommissariat Moskowien) Americas: North America | South America (United States of Brazil | Argentine Republic | Oriental Republic of Uruguay) The Russian Anarchy: West Russia (West Russian Revolutionary Front | Komi Republic | Communist Party of Komi | Passionariyy Organization | Taboritsky's Russia) | Southern Urals | Western Siberia | Central Siberia (Siberian Black Army) | The Far East (Harbin Three) | After Midnight Miscellaneous: Antarctica | Miscellaneous Content | Non-Canon Content

Central Africa

German Reichskommissariats

Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika

Official Name: Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika^Tr.Reich Commissariat of Central Africa

Ruling Party: Generalbüro für Zentralafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for Central African Affairs

Ideology: National Socialism

Germany's colonial government over the former Belgian Congo and the Southern parts of French Equatorial Africa. The man-made Congo Sea fills in much of the country. A rich and profitable colony overflowing with foreign investments, Reichskommissar Siegfried Müller pursues a hands-off administration as he's more interested in having fun than actually managing the country.

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• Les Collaborateurs: Thousands of native Africans have found freedom either working for RK Zentralafrika or serving in African SS divisions.
• Corporate Samurai: With control of the country in the hands of African SS brigades, Müller's actual army spend their time selling themselves as corporate mercenaries.
• Cosmetic Award: Müller's big game hunting tree grants lots of fun flavor events and unlocks animal trophies in the trophy room screen, but ultimately they grant no gameplay benefits.
• Crapsaccharine World: At least in the major cities and setpieces like Hitlerstadt, RK Zentralafrika can seem almost like a paradise...if you're either German, or a successful mercenary and African collaborator that is. Outside those islands of relative safety is an entirely different matter.
• Egopolis: The Germans have constructed a city named Hitlerstadt as a model city in on one of the islands in the Congo Sea, and it's where all the German VIPs vacation.
• Fate Worse than Death: Officially, Belgian mercenaries who show insufficient enthusiasm are punished with a one-way trip back home, there to live the rest of their lives under the nightmarish Burgundian regime. Rolf Steiner even considers it a mercy that he has them simply shot, instead of following what the law dictates.
• Freudian Excuse Is No Excuse: Les Affreux are a brutal mercenary group made up of Belgians who brutalize the locals to vent their frustration from Burgundy decimating their homeland. However, Steiner himself internally notes that it doesn't excuse any of their horrific actions and that they have ultimately become no better than the Burgundian SS they despise so much.
• MegaCorp: Large foreign corporations are very active in Zentralafrika, as Müller has sold off most of Zentralafrika's lands to them and allowed them to basically enslave locals for forced labor.
• Please Select New City Name: Élisabethville and Goma were renamed Richardsstadt and Erichsdorf under the rule of RK Zentralafrika.
• Puppet State: They're one of the three Reichskommissariats that have been established by Germany over southern Africa.
• Private Military Contractors: Zentralafrika is populated by mercenaries from all over the world, who work for the many foreign corporations in Congo. The most notable foreign mercenary forces are the English under "Mad Mike" Hoare, the Belgians under Jean "Black Jack" Schramme, and the French under Bob Denard, in addition to native ones. Managing relations with the mercenaries is part of the gameplay as RK Zentralafrika.
• Rape, Pillage, and Burn: Les Affreux is a band of mercenaries known for their shoot first, ask questions later attitude. In response to a native rebellion, they track them down and torch every village harbouring even a single rebel, before taking whatever and raping whoever they wanted for themselves and gunning down the rest.
• Trophy Room: Zentralafrika has a separate game screen for Müller's trophies.
• Win Your Freedom: Dangled in front of the native population to discourage revolts, and leads many to join the SS.
• You Are What You Hate: Les Affreux is a gang of Belgian deserters, criminals and drifters who have been broken by the loss of their colony, and then their homeland, their families, and their very culture itself to Burgundy. Without a chance to take their hatred out on the Germans, they ease their pain with massacres of villages that show any sign of rebellion. Rolf Steiner thinks that for all their hatred of the Burgundian regime, these men would have felt utterly at home there.

Siegfried Müller

^{Müller in a military uniform}

Role: Head of State (Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika)

Party: Generalbüro für Zentralafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for Central African Affairs

Ideology: National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Reichskommissar Siegfried Müller is one of the Reich's most beloved media darlings: bold, charming and magnetic. The charismatic leader of Reichskommissariat Zentralafrika and the richest of the Reich's three African governors. A distinguished veteran of Poland, France, and Russia, Müller leads Zentralafrika to operate as the only colony that consistently turns over a profit for Germany, rather than committing near-treasons such as skimming profits or ripping off the Reich on a regular basis. His approach to the governance of Zentralafrika is charitably described as "Laissez-faire," and uncharitably described as "Almost total non-involvement": content to let foreign business concerns ravage the Kongo for all it's worth, while Zentralafrika's coffers grow fat with profits from the tolls of shipping. Meanwhile Müller's German men fritter away their tours of duty drinking themselves stupid, hunting anything that moves, humping anything that wears a skirt and gambling away their pay cheques. That is when they are not whoring themselves out as mercenaries to the other Reichskommissarats and anyone, foreign or German-it does not matter-willing to pay for cheap muscle.

Müller's great passion is hunting, regularly taking long trips into the darkest bush to hunt all manner of great African game, and if he should stumble across ANC partisans; then it becomes an opportunity to hunt the most dangerous game of all...

The charismatic and hedonistic Reichskommissar of Zentralafrika. Müller has little desire to govern the colony, but he also has little need to do so, as foreign mercenaries and local collaborators has kept Congo stable enough. Thus, Müller and his cohorts spend most of their time in Zentralafrika having the time of their lives: hunting, drinking, and profiting.

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• Action Politician: Siegfried Müller, while little more than an apathetic hedonist, at least directs a significant portion of his energies towards hunting, cultivating a global reputation as the adventurer-king of Central Africa. Müller even commands a counterattack against Congolese raiders threatening a vulnerable village, to closet antifascist Reichskommissar Wolfgang Schenck's silent approval.
• Affably Evil: Müller comes across as less malicious and fanatically racist than the other RK administrators, especially the fanatical Hüttig. That may not be say much, as he's merely indifferent to the hardship and suffering of his native subjects.
• Crouching Moron, Hidden Badass: Müller is a wholly disinterested governor, but when a Congolese rebel group attacks a village near Bukavu during one of his hunts, he grabs a headset and starts barking orders, eventually moving to join his men in the counterattack. Schenck, who's along for the ride, pegs him as this and reckons to himself that he would have made a fine officer in the Heer.
• Egomaniac Hunter: Reichskommissar Siegfried Müller of Zentralafrika loves to hunt for the most exotic and rarest animals of Africa, to the point where he often disregards his duties as a ruler of the RK so he can shoot another elephant.
• First-Name Basis: Müller has a tendency to call his colleagues by their first names instead of their surnames, much to the annoyance of Hans Hüttig and Edmund Geilenberg.
• Foil: To his fellow African Reichskommissar, Schenck. Both decorated war heroes are the leaders of their respective RKs who tend to incur the anger of Hüttig for not adhering their rule to the tenets of National Socialism, to the point where they even allow the natives partial rule. They do so for different reasons; with his apathetic approach, Müller is simply willing to put anyone else charge of territory, with much investment from foreign powers and natives only ruling if they agree to join the SS stationed there, all despite the value his RK has. Schenck is much more compassionate and wants his glorified airstrips to be placed into Angolan independence. Müller becomes renowned for his exploits across the continent, while Schenck doesn't care if he ends up seen as a traitor over his ambitions for Angola.
• Friendly Enemy: Müller is personal friends with Free French general Jacques Massu, even though they're formally enemies because Free France never accepted a peace deal with Germany. Müller can even privately invite Massu for a hunting trip in Zentralafrika. After Hüttig has seized control of the other Reichkommissariats to form his Großafrikanischer Reichstaat, he can even seek refuge with the Free French or join them as a general.
• The Hedonist: Müller wants to use his powers as Reichskommissar only for various pleasures, never-ending safari and spending the nights with his comrades on parties, not much else; the boring parts of administration are instead relegated to anyone who can claim it, be they private companies or local chiefs and kings. In a strange sort of way, this hands-off approach pleases the native rulers because it gives them more autonomy than they'd have under Hüttig.
• Hunting the Most Dangerous Game: When he does bother to personally deal with revolts, he joins his men on the field, seeing it as just another kind of thrilling hunt.
• A Lighter Shade of Black: Though greedy and hedonistic, Müller is much more personable and far less fanatical compared to Hans Hüttig of Ostafrika.
• Mighty Whitey: In a post-apocalyptic event, Müller is taken in by a peaceful African tribe after he and his helicopter crash. After spending a week in shell shock from the trauma of the world's end, Müller emerges and decides to teach the tribe all he has learned in his years of hunting, including new ways of tracking and catching prey and new weapons with which to hunt. Eventually he learns their language and spends the rest of his life regaling the tribe with tales of his hunts from before the apocalypse. Having mistaken him for a divine being sent by a higher power, the natives deify him as a guardian spirit of the hunt after he dies and take his name for their own, calling themselves the "Muhlar Tribe".
• Reluctant Ruler: Villainous example, he doesn't care at all about running a country, and even when he does he focuses on selling as many sectors of the economy off as he can so he won't have to deal with them.
• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In real life, Siegfried Müller was a Wehrmacht soldier and later mercenary who fought in the Congo Crisis. In TNO, he's the German-appointed Reichskommissar of Zentralafrika.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here: After being invited alongside Wolfgang Schenck to Hans Hüttig's manor for a celebration party during/after the South African War, and then learning that Hüttig has murdered both Schenck and Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma (whom Müller sent in his stead), the horrified Müller immediately has Rolf Steiner arrange for a quick and secret flight to Germania before Hüttig's henchmen could get him as well.
• Smug Smiler: Both his "casual" portrait and the alternate version of him donning a military uniform have him flashing a very confident smile, fitting his The Hedonist attitude.
• State Visit: Müller can be invited to Brazil for a diplomatic visit to defuse the Lobster War between Germany and Brazil. However, instead of a formal visit, Müller opts for a more casual one, and spends his time hunting instead of actually meeting Henrique Teixeira Lott.
• Villain with Good Publicity: Every month, new stories of Müller's exploits in the jungles of Africa headline German newspapers, which praise the adventurer hero of all Aryans. Among the Reichskommissars that run the Reich, most German citizens could only name Müller, and they would heap him with praise. Müller was even interviewed on an American TV show, against all odds.

Rolf Steiner

Role: Military Commander, Head of Government, Security Minister (Müller cabinet)

Party: Generalbüro für Zentralafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for Central African Affairs

Ideology: Fascism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Rolf Steiner is a relatively low-ranking official within the Zentralafrikan hierarchy, though any wise man within the country treats Steiner's orders with the same or more respect as is accorded to Müller's. Gaining notoriety during the Cameroonian Conflicts, Steiner quickly was noticed by Müller himself. When Müller noticed Steiner's administrative competence and diligence in service of the Reich, Steiner was quietly given many of the Reichskommissar's responsibilities whilst Müller focused on hunting and revelry.

Nowadays, Steiner serves as Müller's unofficial second in command, often drafting the documents Müller signs and attending the meetings Müller prefers to skip. Steiner is the main who keeps Zentralafrika stable and in one piece on the day to day, and is the main reason that they are able to send a profit to Germany at the end of the year. Though he gets none of the credit for Zentralafrika's success, he is secure in the knowledge that it could not be done without him.

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• Even Evil Has Standards: Steiner is disturbed by the massacres carried out by the Les Affreux, finding them no better than the SS back in Europe.
• Hyper-Competent Sidekick: Since Siegfried Müller doesn't care about running RK Zentralafrika at all, Steiner is responsible for most of the administrative duties that are not delegated to foreigners or natives.
• Only Sane Man: He certainly has this opinion of himself, evidenced by a focus outlining his plan for fighting the South African War.
  Oh, enough with this. Tanks in the Sixties? Is [Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma] living in a dream? They'll be mulched by bazookas and air bombings faster than you can say "Blitzkrieg"! And Müller, does he truly think that sending our soldiers armed with nothing - because that's what we can produce as of now, damn nothing - against a country that can outproduce us when sleeping will bring us to victory? That's why he's best when he hunts! Because he can't cause bloody damage! Why am I always, ALWAYS the only sensible one here?!
• The Resenter: Steiner dislikes how his boss hands him crisis after crisis but not the means to properly resolve any of them, and the OFN can exploit his pent-up resentment to recruit him after establishing the OFN Provisional Government of the Congo.
• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In real life, Steiner was a mercenary who fought for Biafra during the Nigerian Civil War. In this timeline, he serves as RK Zentralafrika's Head of Government and Security Minister, and effectively administers the colony in the name of the Reich, as his boss Siegfried Müller is uninterested in doing so.
• The Starscream: If the Reichskommissariate survive the South African War, it is revealed that Steiner reached out to Hüttig for help in replacing his boss, though he still arranges a flight back to Germany for Müller after Hüttig fails to kill him. However, when Otto Förschner is named Kolonialwerwalter des Kongos instead of him, he abandons the Reichstaat and is later found with a band of mercenaries. Hüttig elects to have him killed by infecting the mercenaries' water supply with malaria.

Reichskommissariat Südwestafrika

^{Flag of Namibischer Staat}

Official Name: Reichskommissariat Südwestafrika^Tr.Reich Commissariat of South West Africa, Namibischer Staat^Tr.Namibian State (Schenck Decolonization)

Ruling Party: Generalbüro für Südafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for South West African Affairs

Ideology: National Socialism

Germany's colonial overnment of Namibia and Angola, reclaimed and seized from South Africa and Portugal post-WWII respectively. Unprofitable, underdeveloped, and undermanaged, Reichskommissar Schenck is apathetic to his status as a Reichskommissar and the powers or responsibilities that come with it. Aside from being the air hub of German Africa, the colony is otherwise unnotable.

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• Awesome, but Impractical: Südwestafrika has an impressive fleet of planes, numbering in the hundreds. However, such a massive air force requires hefty costs needed to build their facilities and supply lines, while generating little profit in return, since bombing small villages in Africa is a wasteful endeavor.
• Balkanize Me: When Wolfgang Schenck successfully dismantles RK Südwestafrika, he hands over all of its territory, including Namibia, to Angolan rebels under Jonas Savimbi. However, the extensively Germanized Namibia will immediately launch an Anti-Mutiny and secede under a pro-Afrika Schild government.
• Death from Above: Serves as the staging ground for German terror bombings of West Africa, as the Triumvirate prevents German craft from traveling in their airspace.
• Token Good Teammate: Downplayed. The structure of Südwestafrika is inherently designed to extract the wealth of the native populations, but whatever value that doesn't go to Germany is allocated by Schenck to investing and developing Angola for the citizens. It's still a form of exploitation, but it's much better than Müller, who embezzles the money, and Hüttig, who uses the money to oppress the Africans even further.
• Villain of Another Story: Südwestafrika was a past antagonizing force to Portugal, having seized their African colonies in the Südwestafrikan War. More significantly, this sign of German aggression motivated Portugal to merge with Spain in the Iberian Union.

Wolfgang Schenck

Role: Head of State, Reichskommissar für Südwestafrika^note Head of Government

Party: Generalbüro für Südafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for South West African Affairs

Ideology: National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Once one of the Reich's most decorated fighting aces, Wolfgang Schenck's administration over Südwestafrika is wrought by the air. He is renowned in the fatherland for flying hundreds of combat missions and in the Luftwaffe he is distinguished for expertise in the development of bombers. Domestically, however, he presides over the poorest Reichskommissariat in Africa, lacking an industrial base and relying on imports and gas fees for its runways. The burgeoning air force of the nation is his sole focus, as evident to anyone who ever looked over the Angolan horizon. His planes rule the sub-saharan skies.

Over the years, Schenck has ensured that Südwestafrika is the air hub of German Africa. In other internal matters, he is known for his leniency and the close camaraderie he shares with fellow Reichskommissar Siegfried Müller, who he often attends Safaris with in his personal helicopters or joining in the hunt. Perhaps it is the refuge of the tropospheric clouds, away from affairs pertaining to natives or the SS, that attracts him to the skies. It is where solace lies.

The Reichskommissar of Südwestafrika, a German Namibia-born flying ace. Seemingly disinterested in everything except the freedom of flying, Schenck has developed the colony's air infrastructure, but otherwise left the land and its people as is. Though apparently just a meek and reluctant Reichskommissar, there may be more to Schenck behind his tired eyes, something more startling behind his desires for freedom...

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• Ace Pilot: Schenck distinguished himself as a fighter ace during World War II. He leads the largest concentration of Luftwaffe forces outside of Germany and has several focuses for improving his airforce.
• Affably Evil: Even if he is played as a loyalist to Germany, Schenck is generally characterized as a friendly administrator who is still genuinely interested in helping the natives he rules over, even giving a box of fruits to a little girl he meets.
• Anti-Villain: By the game's start, Schenck is a Nazi, but a very remorseful one who is neither fanatical like Hüttig or neglectful like Müller. He can completely subvert the "villain" part if he chooses to fight for Angolan independence during the South African War over loyalty to Germany.
• The Atoner: Schenck was devastated with guilt over his past experiences, and now wishes to atone for his sins by creating a free Republic of Angola, knowing that such an act would be openly treasonous.
• But Now I Must Go: After setting the ground for Angola's independence, Schenck bids one last farewell to Jonas Savimbi, then leaves Africa for an unknown location, accepting that an independent Angola is not his place.
• Crisis of Faith: Schenck has doubts about the Nazi worldview from ruling Südwestafrika, and places suspiciously comprehensive restrictions on his forces, forbidding them from committing the massacres otherwise common in the region.
• Enemy Mine: In his quest to bring freedom to Angola's native peoples, Schenck is willing to work with the CIA, even after he learns about the USA's true goal of displacing Germany as Central Africa's new colonial overlord. In doing so, he sends equipment to the opposition and deliberately leaks information on several CIA agents, so the Angolan resistance is ready to fight for their freedom even against their American 'liberators'.
• Foil: To his fellow African Reichskommissar, Müller. Both decorated war heroes are the leaders of their respective RKs who tend to incur the anger of Hüttig for not adhering their rule to the tenets of National Socialism, to the point where they even allow the natives partial rule. They do so for different reasons; Schenck can try to atone for his past by ensuring Angola's independence through his own planning, while it's only through Müller's apathetic approach that natives become capable of ruling as part of the SS, who need to contend with the foreign powers wanting the same thing. Schenck is much more compassionate and wants his glorified air base to be placed into Angolan independence, even if it means being seen as a traitor over it. Müller becomes renowned for his exploits across the continent, achievable by casually handing his valuable territory to anyone else.
• Gadgeteer Genius: One of the few things Schenck is genuinely passionate about is designing new and better aircraft, in which Südwestafrikanisches Kolonialamt für Luftfahrtforschung was created for him to live out his ambitions.
• Heel–Face Turn: Schenck, feeling regret over his past actions under Nazi Germany, now desires to free the people of Africa from German rule; though he can't liberate everyone in Africa, he can at least work to create a free Angola.
• Hero with Bad Publicity: Despite Schenck's role in securing Angola's independence from Germany and the USA, it is unlikely that his contributions would be remembered at large by the Angolans. Schenck would be more politically convenient as a hated colonist than a beloved figure by any Angolan government, and for Schenck's part he both doesn't believe he should be or have any desire to be. For this reason, after he hands the reins of power to Jonas Savimbi, he'll quietly flee Angola, trusting the Angolans with their future, whether his image is positive or not.
• Player-Exclusive Mechanic: Schenck’s attempt to build a free Angola is optional, and the AI will never take that option.
• Rage Within the Machine: Schenck is a sincere anti-Nazi who seeks to dismantle the Reichskommissariat he governs and give the reins of power to the oppressed African natives.
• Reluctant Ruler: Schenck is very reluctant to deal with a Reichskommissar's actual duties due to his guilt, and thus spends a lot of time flying to avoid his work.
• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In OTL, Schenck was a highly decorated fighter pilot, who also helped evaluate the Me 262. Following the war, he moved to South Africa and became a bush pilot, before eventually returning to Germany, where he died in 2010.
• Shell-Shocked Veteran: Schenck was traumatized by his participation with German terror bombing (he escorted German bombers who ended up targeting civilian targets), and became desperate to atone for his sins.
• Token Good Teammate: Schenck is the only good Reichskommissar within Afrika-Schild. While Müller is a greedy hedonist and Hüttig is a Nazi fanatic, Schenck has regretted his past actions and basically commits high treason in order to grant freedom to the Angolans.
  • On a larger scale, he's the only Reichskommisar with something even remotely resembling a conscience, and the only good playable Nazi save for the Gang of Four (who aren't technically rulers).
• The Hero Dies: Should the Afrika-Schild win in the civil war or Hüttig take the "Brudermord" focus during the civil war, Hüttig will invite his colleagues to his manor for a "celebration" and Schenck himself attends the celebration while Müller sends somebody in his place. Unfortunately for Schenck, he is killed by Hüttig as the whole thing was a trap.
• Villainous Friendship: With Siegfried Müller, whom he joins on hunts, piloting his private helicopter. At least until Müller turns the animal hunt into a partisan hunt, which breaks the two apart.

Hellmut von Leipzig

Role: Military Commander, Gebürtiger Stabschef^note Security Minister (Schenck Cabinet), Head of State (Namibischer Staat)

Party: Generalbüro für Südafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for South West African Affairs

Ideology: National Socialism

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• Anti-Mutiny: German Namibians under Hellmut von Leipzig will declare a pro-Afrika Schild government in Namibia after Schenck openly betrays Germany and hands over his RK to Angolan rebels.
• Pragmatic Villainy: Leipzig does agree to some extent to Schenck's lighter hand towards the natives, believing that Germans and Africans should coexist peacefully with each other. However, he still balks at the idea of giving the locals independence.
• The Remnant: After Angola is granted independence by Wolfgang Schenck, Leipzig will lead German settlers and soldiers stranded by the Angolan independence movement to seize control of Namibia.
• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: In OTL, Helmut von Leipzig was a German Namibian who volunteered into the Afrika Korps and became Rommel's personal driver, and later returned to Namibia, where he founded the German Cultural Council.
• Short-Lived Leadership: Leipzig's Namibischer Staat only lasts for around 40 days before being overthrown by native Namibians under Sam Nujoma's leadership.

Reichskommissariat Ostafrika

^{Flag of Großafrikanischer Reichstaat}

^{Flag of Afrika-Schild}

Official Name: Reichskommissariat Ostafrika^Tr.Reich Commissariat of East Africa, Großafrikanischer Reichstaat^Tr.Greater African Reich State (Post-SAW, Zentralafrika and Südwestafrika Annexed)

Ruling Party: Generalbüro für Ostafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for East African Affairs

Ideology: National Socialism

Germany's colonial government of Eastern Africa, encompassing most of the former British possessions in Eastern and Southern Africa (sans South Africa and most of Botswana) as well as the former Portuguese Mozambique. Under the rule of the fanatical Reichskommissar Hüttig, the colony ruthlessly and relentlessly represses native discontent, and Hüttig seems to have larger plans to utterly rid Sub-Saharan Africa of its racial-ideological degeneracy.

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• Balkanize Me: Upon Hans Hüttig's death, the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat will totally collapse into numerous regional states. If the Reichstaat collapsed quickly before Hüttig could assert too much control, this leaves behind a bunch of relatively functional democratic, socialist or monarchist native-ruled states, while if Hüttig managed to make his Reichstaat last for a long time and oppress a significant portion of Africa before he dies (in gameplay, this happens when the Reichstaat reaches Stage 3 of control over Africa in the decision screen), the destruction he wrought across Africa will cause his Reichstaat to collapse into a chaotic mess of warlord states led by the most ruthless and radical rebels as well as Rhodesian and German remnants, in a super event named the African Devastation◊.
• Big Brother Is Watching: Hüttig creates an expansive surveillance network across Ostafrika, and gives all white households in Ostafrika free TVs with hidden wire tapping devices in order to monitor everyone and root out dissent.
• Booby Trap: In order to prepare for the South African War, RK Ostafrika's border regions are booby trapped as much as possible, so that even should Ostafrikan forces be pushed back, the South Africans will find the infrastructure utterly crippled.
• Child Soldiers: After Hüttig's breakdown during the South African War, Hüttig begins to conscript child soldiers in order to bolster his forces.
• Citadel City: During the South African War, RK Ostafrika's capital Quelimane is turned into a veritable stronghold, with a ring of bunkers, trenches, minefields and underground tunnels covering the entire perimeter in a hellish maze of interlocking firing zones.
• Les Collaborateurs: Some British colonists in British Rhodesia have decided to collaborate with Hüttig, and their administration was integrated into Ostafrika's administration.
• Critical Staffing Shortage: Unlike RK Zentralafrika and Südwestafrika, Ostafrika does not admit Africans into SS brigades and is run purely by Germans (with some limited aid from British settlers), as a consequence of Hüttig's hardliner views.
• Darkest Africa: Hüttig's belief that Africa is filled with savages and warlords leads him to violently repress the African population he rules over, resulting in them becoming ruthless warlords, as all the moderate and less militant leaders are killed.
• Deadly Gas:
  • Ostafrika can use chemical WMDs during the South African War, an act which increases tensions between Germany and the US to uncontrollable levels and leads to the official American declaration of war upon the RKs.
  • During the Second South African Civil War, the Reichstaat will launch widespread chemical attacks on the revolting South Africa, since the US isn't involved in this war.
• Downer Ending: As the Großafrikanischer Reichsstaat will inevitably collapse, this Space-Filling Empire cannot be saved through any means. Delaying the inevitable will cause this ending to be applied to much of Africa, completely destroying any chance of healing permanently, as the damage is too severe to rebuild, as well as much of what's left consisting of fanatical and insane warlords from the collapse.
• Elite Army: Ostafrika has the smallest military of all African Reichskommissariate, but Hüttig's soldiers are among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa.
• The Empire: If Afrika-Schild survives the SAW, or if Hüttig takes the "Brudermord" focus during the SAW, Hüttig will assassinate Schenck (successfully) and Müller (unsuccessfully), annex their territories, and declare the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat. The Reichstaat is effectively Hüttig's own Greater German Reich on the African continent, and is even more oppressive than RK Ostafrika ever was. Thankfully, it won't last long, but what Hüttig does while the Reichstaat stands is horrifying.
• Failure Is the Only Option: The Großafrikanischer Reichsstaat, the post-SAW Space-Filling Empire has several "Regional Control" tickers which are a bunch of Red Herring at best, doomsday clocks at worst. The focus tree appears to give the player a way to establish control over Africa, yet no matter how fast the regional control levels are reinforced, they keep decaying. Considering that the regional control tickers can only be improved once per control focus, and focuses are not reusable, it is a matter of when, not if, that the Reichsstaat will be ablaze with rebellions. Using slave labor to build roads and factories will only make it worse, as the Reichsstaat will inevitably run out of control tickers and collapse. Prolonging control and mass-murdering the entire continent into Stage 3 will only ensure that Africa will never be peaceful in the future.
• Final Solution: Under Hüttig's puritanical vision, Ostafrika has waged genocide against the native African populations, not even giving them a chance to collaborate, like the Boers and Anglos do. Matters get even worse when the Reichstaat is formed, where Hüttig resorts to ever more radical measures to achieve his dream of a "pure" Africa.
• Foreign Ruling Class: Unlike Zentralafrika and Südwestafrika (whose commissioners don't want to or can't be bothered to enforce racial policies), RK Ostafrika is exclusively run by German and (to a lesser extent) British colonists, as a result of Hans Hüttig's fanatical dedication to National Socialism.
• Hopeless War: RK Ostafrika is caught in a prolonged war against native guerilla forces, an end to which seemingly lies only with dismantling of the oppressive Nazi regime.
• Painting the Medium: The focus descriptions of later parts of Hüttig's national focus tree (after the South African War starts) are written from the First-Person Perspective of an increasingly unhinged Hüttig (shifting from the more general second person "we" perspective of the early parts of his tree), who is going berserk at the useless Müller and Schenck and the foolish Amerikaners, and sees himself as the only person who can win the war and save the Aryans in Africa.
• Please Select New City Name: Serowe was renamed Rommelstadt by the RK Ostafrika administration.
• Precision F-Strike: One of the Ostafrikan trees ends with a focus named "Everyone is Fucking Useless".
• Reassigned to Antarctica: Most of RK Ostafrika's officers are exiles from the SS, removed from Germany for their unorthodox views on National Socialism and their mixed loyalties with Burgundy.
• Renegade Splinter Faction: After the South African War, Hans Hüttig proclaims the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat after getting rid of his colleagues and annexing their territories into his own, in a move unsanctioned by Germany. In return, the Führer condemns him as a traitor, declares his empire illegitimate and breaks ties with him, leaving the Reichstaat to its fate.
• Shout-Out: The focus "Get Your Free TVs!" is a reference to a very early Half-Life 2 test level of the same name.
• Space-Filling Empire: The Großafrikanischer Reichstaat is an empire that covers nearly the entirety of Southern Africa, assembled by Hans Hüttig during or after the South African War.

Hans Hüttig

Role: Military Commander, Head of State

Party: Generalbüro für Ostafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for East African Affairs, Arisierungskommittee Großafrika^note Aryanization Committee of Greater Africa (Großafrikanischer Reichstaat)

Ideology: National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}In all of the Reich, few names embody tenebrosity as stirringly as Reichskommissar Hans Hüttig. Once the overseeing commandant of brutal extermination camps during the war, Hüttig has devoted himself to ruthlessly fulfilling the National Socialist tradition over Ostafrika. Within labyrinthine camps of African slaves, and burgeoning swaths of revolting tribes he is seen a pernicious enigma of Nazi horror and a mathematician of ruination. For Hüttig himself, he prefers to see himself as the only German in Africa who sees the truth: Africa is a continent with an heart of utter darkness; and a fist of damascus steel must crush her subhuman evil.

Hüttig's sworn loyalty to the Reich, domestic brutality, and organizational competence has been proved time after time again. From ensuring an effective, pure government, employing only Germans and refusing to use African SS divisions, to the constant drill and battling of his elite garrison, bolstered by the former Anglo-Saxon population of Rhodesia, Hüttig's rigid and militaristic society is more akin to a massive concentration camp than a colonial authority. Yet as his fellow governors leave their dominions to decadence and decay, they are seen as stars for their facsimiles of prosperity and undeserved wealth.

In return, Hüttig harbours nothing but contempt for his peers, solely communicating with Reich and planning for the inevitable conflicts within the south and the east himself. He has no disputes with the title affixed to him by foreign intelligence - the only Nazi in Africa. To him, Africa needs no one else.

A former concentration camp commandant with connections in the pre-WWI German East Africa, now the Reichskommissar of Ostafrika. Brutal yet efficient, Hüttig is devoted to the ideals of National Socialism, and is deeply resentful of his peers Müller and Schenck, who he sees as decaying degenerates. He desires to enlighten Africa by bringing his perfected Aryan colonial order to all of the continent, and is prepared to go to war to do so.

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• The Alcoholic: Hüttig consumes a large amount of cognac in order to cope with the hopeless situation around him.
• Appliance Defenestration: In one memorable event, Hüttig, annoyed that Germania has refused to investigate Müller and Schenck, was pushed to the rage breaking point by the ear-piercing creak of his chair (which appeared in several events, and which Hüttig tried to fix several times but ultimately failed to fix). Tipsy and angry, Hüttig immediately drags the creaky chair to his balcony and shoves it over the parapet, and listens to the sound of the chair smashing on the gravel ground.
• Asshole Victim: Hüttig, a fanatical Nazi who committed treason against the Reich and mercilessly repressed the native Africans in his Reichstaat, is gunned down by Otto Förschner during his coup against him, which he absolutely deserves.
• Arc Villain: Hüttig is responsible for proposing the formation of Afrika-Schild to his colleagues, and among the three Reichskommissare in continental Africa, he is by far the most fanatical follower of National Socialism and the one most committed to fighting the South African War.
• Ax-Crazy: As the South African War progresses, Hüttig becomes increasingly unhinged, until he becomes completely insane and pushes his violent policies up to eleven. Hüttig commits every kind of war crime to win the South African War, and after the war he will attempt to kill both Müller and Schenck, and form the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat.
• The Cassandra: Hüttig is absolutely correct in accusing Müller and Schenck of treason and incompetence and that their actions are detrimental to the war effort. No one in Germania is willing to listen to him for a second, though. In fact, he was punished several times for even making such accusations.
• Control Freak: Hüttig wants everything to be in line with the National Socialist Aryan ideal. The constant annoyance of being surrounded by incompotent, sleazy, and treasonous people who in Hüttig's eyes do nothing to advance National Socialism is what causes Hüttig to slowly go mad.
• Crushing the Populace: Should Hüttig form the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat, he will adopt even worse mass repression over his empire to truly Germanize and Aryanize the dark continent.
• Decapitated Army: Fear of Hüttig is the only thing that keeps his monster of a Reich together. When Hüttig gets couped and executed, the Reichstaat immediately explodes.
• Drowning My Sorrows: It is shown that Hüttig drinks a lot of cognac to cope with his frustration of being surrounded by fools and degenerates.
• Dude, Where's My Respect?: Hüttig is the only Reichskommissar in Africa who knows what he is here for and does his job properly. Despite his best efforts to maintain Nazi rule in Africa, he doesn't get even nearly the same recognition from the German higher-ups and public as Müller and Schenck, a fact which angers him no less than the negligence and irresponsibility of his alleged colleagues.
• Enraged by Idiocy: Hüttig is infuriated by the fact that his fellow Reichskommissare are negligent and incompetent, yet his reports to Germania always come back empty.
• Even Evil Has Standards: Hüttig is brutal, but even he is disturbed by the sadism and boorish psychopathy demonstrated by Chmielewski, who likes to skin his slaves.
• Evil Colonialist: Unlike his colleagues in other parts of Africa, Hüttig is very responsible to his duties as Reichskommissar: native Africans are discriminated, enslaved, and oppressed in all spheres of life, while Aryans are encouraged to settle and expand the Lebensraum and uplift Africa from the native savages.
• Evil Old Folks: Hüttig was born in 1894, making him 68 by 1962 and the second oldest Reichskommissar, after Arthur Seyss-Inquart. He is also one of the most fanatical Nazis in Africa.
• Evil Virtues: Hüttig is extremely hardworking and completely immune to his sleazy subordinates' attempts at flattery. His character can be basically summarized as a diligent and incorruptible bureaucrat dedicated to his responsibilities, only that his responsibility is Aryanist colonialism.
• Face Death with Dignity: During Otto Förschner's coup, as his would-be killer calmly tells Hüttig that it's over, Hüttig continues writing his report to Heinrich Himmler, then puts the lid on his pen, pulls back his chair, straightens up, extends his arm almost to a perfect 45° angle, and shouts 'Heil Hitler!' before Förschner guns him down. With Hüttig being the only thing that one can even pretend is holding the Reichstaat together, the audio event for the African Devastation aptly closes with the apparent sound of his death.
• Fascist, but Inefficient: When Hüttig attempts to murder his colleagues (both of whom are renowned war heroes in Germany) and annexes their territories into his own to form the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat, he fails to take into account that such an act is openly treasonous to the Reich (which will immediately withdraw its support), that the native SS (whom he refuses to employ) have contributed greatly to Zentralafrika and Südwestafrika's stability, or that his new Reich is a hastily-constructed, poorly-organized empire that covers nearly half a continent, treats 99% of the population as subhuman, and is doomed to collapse. It's not a matter of if rebel natives are going to rise up but when.
• First-Person Perspective: The descriptions of some of Ostafrika's foci are written from Hüttig's personal perspective.
• It's All About Me: As the SAW rages on, Hüttig becomes convinced that he is the only one who is fighting the war, and both Müller and Schenck are sabotaging his efforts.
• Knight Templar: Hüttig considers National Socialism to be a righteous ideology that can enlighten the dark lands of Africa, and dedicates himself to the protection of National Socialism and Aryan Lebensraum.
• Master Race: Hüttig is a true believer in Aryan supremacy, and sees native Africans as subhuman savages. He's even occasionally racist against the white Anglo-Saxons in Ostafrika.
• Nasty Party: After the South Africa War (or during the SAW, if the "Brudermord" focus is taken), Hüttig uncharacteristically invites Schenck and Müller to a celebration. At the event, Hüttig assassinates both Schenck and Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma (whom Müller sent in his stead), and takes control of all their lands, forming the Großafrikanischer Reichstaat.
• Overworked Sleep: At some point, Hüttig falls asleep at his desk after long overworking nights and immoderate drinking.
• The Paranoiac: Hüttig's frustration at his fellow German officers gradually becomes paranoia as the situation in Africa worsens.
• Politically Incorrect Villain: Hüttig is is committed in his belief of Aryan supremacy, and actively persecutes native Africans — whom he considers to be nothing more than savages — to strengthen the supremacy of white Aryans in Africa. He even occassionally refers to Africans as being "simian".
• Properly Paranoid: While Müller is more apathetic than actively sabotaging the war effort, Hüttig is potentially correct that Schenck is plotting to end German rule in Africa... if the player is controlling him. Otherwise, Schenck never chooses to betray Germany and it's just yet another ghost he's jumping at.
• Sanity Slippage: While he certainly doesn't start as an angel, Hüttig grows more ruthless as he deals with domestic and foreign issues and comes to believe that he is the only competent man in Nazi-controlled Africa. This culminates when he takes over the other African RKs.
• Slavery Is a Special Kind of Evil: Hüttig actively enslaves Africans in Ostafrika, and after he creates the Reichstaat, he will create a massive system of slavery called "Entwicklung des Afrikanischen Territoriums Programm" ("Development of the African Territory Program"), or "E.A.T. Programm", which "conscripts" workers in various African regions and moves them to other regions to build infrastructure or factories, with every level of infrastructure or factory "costing" several hundred workers.
• The Stoic: Ostafrika's events show that Hüttig rarely shows emotions to others, and maintains his Spartan image in front of everyone else.
• Surrounded by Idiots:
  • Hüttig has nothing but contempt for his fellow African Reichskommissars because of their incompetence and complacency. Even when he agrees to cooperate with them for a common cause during the South African War, he turns on them and becomes the sole ruler of Nazi Africa during or after the SAW.
  • In addition to the other Reichskommissars, Hüttig has little respect for his sleazy and incompetent subordinates.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: When the SAW begins, Hüttig allies with Müller and Schenck under the Afrika-Schild, even though he hates Müller and Schenck to the bone.
• Villainous Breakdown: When Hüttig realizes and is convinced that he is literally the only person fighting for the Aryans in Africa, he has a wrathful mental breakdown, and begins to double down on his brutality.

Josef Mengele

Role: Foreign Minister (Hüttig Cabinet)

Party: Generalbüro für Ostafrikanische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for East African Affairs, Arisierungskommittee Großafrika^note Aryanization Committee of Greater Africa (Großafrikanischer Reichstaat)

Ideology: National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Josef Mengele is often held up by Germany as proof of the inherent superiority of the Aryan mind. His experiments in the Auschwitz Camp, while highly controversial, were enough to earn him a Nobel Prize in Medicine, though rumors persist that this award was only awarded due to efforts by the German government to pressure the committee. No matter how much the West contests the legitimacy of his experiments, Mengele remains a world-renowned doctor and his experiments are discussed in classes around the world.

With the recent outbreaks of Malaria in Africa, the Reich has sent Doctor Mengele to the front lines, offering him immense resources with which to study the disease and produce a cure or treatment for the German people. Mengele's cruel, twisted methods have not been tempered in the years since the war, and even now, the native populations of Africa have grown to fear the Angel of Death as so many did before them.

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• Asshole Victim: Mengele is a heinous Nazi war criminal who never faced any justice in real life. When he is encountered and captured by Idi Amin's African militia, he'll pay for his crimes in a very graphic and violent fashion.
• Cruel and Unusual Death: If the war goes south for Afrika-Schild, Mengele attempts to flee to Ethiopia and defect to Italy with his team of scientists, but en route, he gets captured and tortured to death by Idi Amin's militia. His naked corpse is later found with his hands, feet, nose, ears, eyes, tongue and genitals removed, and a swastika carved into his chest; only a native who remembers Mengele taking test subjects from his village years earlier could recognise him.
• Karmic Death: The man who tortured countless people in his brutal experiments can end up being brutally tortured to death himself.
• Mad Doctor: Even being far away from the Fatherland, Mengele still performs his experiments on Africans.
• Minor Major Character: Despite being an extremely infamous Nazi scientist, Mengele barely appears in Ostafrika's story beyond a few sparse mentions of his incompetence.
• Multiple Gunshot Death: Should Otto Förschner coup Hüttig, he is shot with 52 rounds, with the African Devastation superevent beginning with the apparent sound of his death.
• Richard Nixon, the Used Car Salesman: Despite being a physician and not a diplomat, Mengele serves as RK Ostafrika's Foreign Minister. A few events even mention how incompetent he is at his job.

OFN Occupied Central Africa

OFN Mandates

OFN Provisional Government of the Congo

Official Name: OFN Provisional Government of the Congo

Ruling Party: OFN Central African Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

The OFN Mandate over the former territories of RK Zentralafrika.

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• Cincinnatus: OFN Congo is decolonized in the Léopoldville Conference. Ubangi-Shari will always be released as Bêafrîka, the Equatorial African region can be released as Orungu or Orungu plus Congo-Brazzaville, Katanga can be released if Abrams agrees to Schramme's request, and the rest is handed to the Congolese Republic.
• Former Regime Personnel: The OFN Provisional Government of the Congo invites the Germans in Siegfried Müller's administration into its government, since leaving these men, with their connections and knowledge of local matters, to their own devices would be dangerous.
• Meet the New Boss: In order to maintain the area's fragile stability, little has changed in the Congo under OFN rule compared to RK Zentralafrika before it. The bars of Léopoldville are still filled with mercenaries and corporate agents, and Abrams has to give predatory investors as much free rein as Müller once did, lest the economy implodes.
• MegaCorp: The various foreign corporations, who pulled out of RK Zentralafrika when the South African War began, have returned after the establishment of the OFN Provisional Government of the Congo and demanded their piece of the pie back. The OFN government has to make concessions and exempt them from their own regulations, in order to maintain anything close to a functional colony.
• Timed Mission: After some point in the focus tree, the decisions screen will show a 180-day timer that counts down to the Congo Crisis. If the Congo isn't decolonized before then, the OFN Mandate will collapse into a Civil War.

Creighton Abrams Jr.

Role: Military Commander, Head of State (OFN Mandate)

Party: OFN Central African Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography (OFN Provisional Government of the Congo)^{Click to Show}Years ago, in the fields of England, Creighton Abrams won acclaim and renown for his actions in the disastrous intervention in England. Now, in ultimate victory over the Nazi regime in Africa, he has found only scorn and resentment. As the wildfire of conventional war has descended into a slowly burning insurgency, General Abrams has been put in the uncomfortable position of crushing the insurgency determining the political future of the Congo.

Legacy German officials in the Congo administration have observed that under Abrams, there has been more continuity than change from Muller's regime. Despite paying lip service to winning hearts and minds Abrams has continued to apply a light touch to both the companies operating in the Congo and the natives struggling to survive in the war-torn nation. Already under fire from Washington due to allegations of massacres carried out by his troops during the offensives across Namibia, Abrams is also under immense economic pressure to continue giving companies a free hand in the region.

Things for Abrams have changed immensely since the English disaster. There is no glory in this war, and any victory would be cheap consolation for the thousands of lives lost. As the papers at home shout for their boys to come back, General Abrams must decide how to best leave America's mark on the region before his inevitable return home.

See his entry on the USA subpage.

Coalition Government of Angola

Official Name: Coalition Government of Angola

Ruling Party: OFN Angolan Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

The OFN Mandate over Angola, formerly the northern half of RK Südwestafrika.

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• Cincinnatus: The Luanda Conference at the end of the OFN Angola focus tree sees the OFN hand over Angola to the locals; depending on the state of the UNITA-PLUAA rivalry, Angola is handed to either the UNITA under Savimbi, the PLUAA under Neto, or the FNLA (a Conservative party) under Holden Roberto.
• Death from Above: The airfields and runways on Angola are among the best on Africa, despite the US Air Force's efforts to destroy them. Under the Coalition Government of Angola, they serve as bases for the OFN to pacify the continent.
• Enemy Mine: Lavelle managed to broker peace between the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola and the African United Struggle Party for Angola, two independence movements who fought each other as much as they did the Germans, but it is clear that the truce will only hold as long as the Americans maintain a military presence.
• Schmuck Bait: Washington and OFN High Command encourage Lavelle to pick one side in the UNITA-PLUAA rivalry and stick with it, arguing that a more balanced approach would lead to a less legitimate government after the OFN leaves. However, if the player does so, they will face crippling penalties to their stability and rapid collapse as one side is emboldened to break the ceasefire. This is often the cause of the mandate's collapse when not playing as them, as the AI does not know how to manage the strength of UNITA or the PLUAA, and monthly events will see the strength of one side or the other increase.

John D. Lavelle

Role: Military Commander, Head of State (OFN Mandate)

Party: OFN Angolan Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography (Coalition Government of Angola)^{Click to Show}Most generals are used to having their orders obeyed without question. During his time in Angola, General John Lavelle has learned to expect the opposite. In some ways Lavelle has the easiest job of the three mandate leaders- there are less radicalized rebel warlords or predatory corporations to deal with, for one- but that ease of ruling also leads to greater expectations. America and Lavelle both see a real opportunity for the torch of freedom to shine brightly in Angola, and both wish to ignite that spark.

However, what Congress sees from across the ocean and what Lavelle sees from Luanda are very different things. UNITA and the MPLA were cooperative and helpful in the American occupation, having secured their own territories against the Germans and each other. However, it is abundantly clear that their truce will last only as long as the American military presence, one which cannot remain for long. Facing down both Angolan factions and the overblown expectations of Congress, Lavelle will have to use all of his diplomatic skill to bring Angola to its full potential.

See his entry on the USA subpage.

East African Interim Unity Government

Official Name: East African Interim Unity Government

Ruling Party: OFN East African Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

The OFN Mandate over the former territories of RK Ostafrika.

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• Cincinnatus: At the Quelimane Conference, the OFN government will decolonize East Africa. The focus tree presents three options: a Federation option, an option focusing on socialist governments, and an option focusing on liberal democracies. However, the focus tree is currently bugged, so only the Federation option is available. The Quelimane Conference event chain also appears to be bugged. The end result is that East Africa will either be decolonized into two states, Zambia plus the East African Federation, or divided into Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia, and Gazaland, with the EAF covering Tanganyika, Kenya, and Zanzibar; the choices made in the focus tree and the Conferece events only changes some minor leaders like a choice between Eduardo Mondlane or Samora Machal for Gazaland or a choice between Idi Amin and Tito Okello for Uganda.
• Defiant to the End: During the Quelimane Trials of the SS remnants, one SS officer, Franz Hössler, taunts the entire US court and boasts that he is proud of being guilty of committing crimes against humanity on "mongrels and subhumans", and that he would commit even more crimes if he were free.
• Hopeless War: Like RK Ostafrika before it, OFN East Africa is stuck in a devastating insurgency with highly resilient rebel warlords.
• Kangaroo Court: Averted. After capturing the SS remnants, Westmoreland decides to give them a fair trial and not just immediately sentence them all to death, in order to appease the doves back in USA. Expectedly, the SS officers are sentenced to life in prison with no parole.
• The Remnant: After the downfall of RK Ostafrika, SS officers have went into hiding into East African jungles, becoming brutal warlords who continue the fight by terrorizing every village they come across.
• Won the War, Lost the Peace: Taking over East Africa from Afrika-Schild only transfers their problems to the OFN, who has to deal with the most hardened, brutal, determined native rebels who managed to survive Hans Hüttig's brutal repression. General William Westmoreland finds himself with the unenviable task of de-escalating conflict after a war won by escalation, and has to resort to brutal methods against the insurgency before the goodwill at home runs out.

William Westmoreland

Role: Military Commander, Head of State (OFN Mandate)

Party: OFN East African Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography (East African Interim Unity Government) ^{Click to Show} Home to some of the fiercest fighting of the war, East Africa has been a constant thorn in the side of its leader since the establishment of the Reichskommissariat- first Hans Hüttig, and now General Westmoreland. The East African mandate is hardly a state at all, hastily established as the Ostafrika SS collapsed during the American offensive. The unstable interim state must now contend with the rebels who managed to survive the brutal repression of the Hüttig regime; the most hardened, brutal, and determined people on the continent.

General William Westmoreland, widely hailed in the American press for his triumph over the initial Schild offensive and later equally reviled for his controversial strategy of attrition, is the only man for the job. Making heavy use of the American advantage in bombers and artillery, Westmoreland met with great success on the battlefield and great opposition from the home front, and the brutal repression deemed necessary to keep East Africa under control has only made things worse.

With the last of the SS defeated or driven underground Westmoreland now finds himself in the unenviable position of trying to deescalate conflict on a battlefield won by escalation. Superior firepower means little now that the enemy can simply melt away into the jungle when faced with superior force. A man of war tasked with bringing peace, Westmoreland is in a race against time to defeat the insurgency and stabilize East Africa before the little goodwill left at home runs out.

See his entry on the USA subpage.

Central African Republic

Central African Republic

Official Name: Central African Republic

Ruling Party: OFN African Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

The OFN's alternate option to the three Mandates over Central Africa is the Central African Republic; a single, gigantic republic covering the entirety of Central Africa.

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• Balkanize Me: After the disastrous All-African Summit, the CAR receives a 180-day timer to either gather native allies or build up its military. When the timer expires, the CAR will explosively collapse, leaving a remnant rump in Quelimane and Dar es Salaam.
• Earn Your Happy Ending: Though difficult to pull off, it is possible for the US to properly prepare the CAR for independence without it collapsing into complete chaos. Whether it's through a peaceful dissolution, or much more stable foundations allowing it to stand on its own, the Americans could leave Africa better off than when they stepped in.
• Evil Colonialist:
  • The Central African Republic's formation to manage the half a continent necessarily means that it will completely fail at doing so, with increasingly brutal methods being used to deal with rebels.
  • After the All-African Summit, if the CAR goes down the war branch of the focus tree, the CAR rump will declare war on every country in Central Africa that emerged following the CAR's collapse, declaring all of them "enemies of freedom".
• Failure Is the Only Option: The All-African Summit will always crash and burn, no matter how high the military or governmental authority the CAR has.
• Meet the New Boss: The military leadership of the Central African Republic is just as brutal and inefficient as the old German RKs it replaced.
• Nice Job Breaking It, Hero: Unsurprisingly, creating a single gigantic republic to rule over hundreds if not thousands of different ethnic groups while ruling the same way their oppressors once did is unstable at best and fragile at worst. When the All-African Summit happens and the CAR collapses, the only regret of the American leadership is that it fell apart earlier than expected.
• Space-Filling Empire: The CAR is a big dumb state created just to rule over the land left over when the RKs collapse.

William Westmoreland

Role: Military Commander, Head of State (OFN Mandate)

Party: OFN African Military Command

Ideology: Military Mandate^note Paternalism

In-Game Biography (Central African Republic) ^{Click to Show} The African continent is a complex place, filled with diverse groups of people, all under the supervision of General William Westmoreland. Initially called upon to halt the Schild offensive in South Africa, Westmoreland has been called in for an even more daunting task. Much like the initial deployment to South Africa, the American occupation of the continent was hasty and unplanned. The hero of Cape Town has been called upon once again to put out the raging inferno in the heart of Africa.

Yet this time, Westmoreland faces even longer odds and a far worse situation on the ground. The sheer disorganization of the military regime is trouble enough, as newly placed administrators struggle with finding enough translators, keeping supply lines open, and keeping up a good face for the public. Shackled by a convoluted bureaucracy and no time to organize it, Westmoreland is finding it increasingly difficult to justify the American presence in Africa to Congress back home. Bearing the weight of a whole continent on his shoulders, Westmoreland will struggle to get his men out of Africa without making serious concessions to American interests or, more likely, the long term stability of the region.

See his entry on the USA subpage.

South Africa

Union of South Africa

Official Name: Union of South Africa, Republic of South Africa (Monarchy Abolished)

Ruling Party: United Party

Ideology: Liberal Conservatism

The Union of South Africa is the troubled beacon of democracy on the African continent. The continuous rule of the United Party has shot down the National Party's plans for apartheid, and gives some vague hope of eventual racial integration, but progress has been slow, and the African National Congress has been launching mass protests to push for equal rights. Attempts of peace talks between the UP and the ANC have however enraged Afrikaner nationalists, who had militarized themselves with German arms and began to self-segregate, further dividing the nation. The South African situation is becoming more unstable by the day, and it seems that conflict may very well be inevitable.

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• Amoral Afrikaner: Apartheid as known in OTL doesn't exist in South Africa as of 1962. That said, even though the actual Afrikaner nationalists of the National Party hate the South African government, the latter can be not much better if they launch a crackdown on the ANC.
• Civil War: South Africa will inevitably collapse into a civil war between the OFN-backed South African government and the Afrika-Schild-backed Afrikaner Volkstaat. Depending on how the African National Congress was treated by the pre-war government, they can either remain loyal to the Union or participate as a third side.
• Cooperation Gambit: The ANC and the United Party have ultimately very different visions for South Africa: the ANC wants a black-led socialist state, while the UP desires to maintain white leadership within a liberal democratic framework. However, they can agree to work together to defeat the Nazi-aligned National Party.
• Defector from Decadence: South Africa is also home to a number of White Rhodesians, including an MP named Ian Smith, who fled from what became Reichskommisariat Ostafrika when the Germans took over. Whatever views they have, they consider collaborating with outright Nazis as a bridge too far.
• Failure Is the Only Option: There is no way for the United Party to successfully stop the National Party from rebelling. Even if De Villiers Graaff brutally represses the ANC in an attempt to appease the National Party, it will never be enough for the latter. It will only make a bad situation worse by causing the ANC to revolt as well.
• The Federation: What South Africa could become should the United Party succeed with compromising with the ANC.
• A House Divided: South Africa starts as a very divided country, with both Boer nationalists and the African National Congress acting against the government. While the Union can reach a compromise with the ANC and ensure their loyalty during the war, the Afrikaner Volkstaat will inevitably secede and call for the Afrika-Schild to intervene.
• In Spite of a Nail: Although the alternate end of WWII lead to the National Party failing to attain control of South Africa or implement Apartheid, the interests they represented continue onward in the form of a Boer rebellion.
• Minor Crime Reveals Major Plot: The assassination of a unionist MP named Ian Smith, who in OTL led Rhodesia, raises questions as to whether Boer nationalists or the ANC were responsible. It's neither, as it's instead instigated by Karl Chmielewski on RK Ostafrika's behalf in an attempt to destabilize South Africa. Regardless of the outcome, it sets off a chain reaction that ultimate leads to Civil War, and eventually, the South African War.
• Neutral No Longer: Even since the end of the war and dissolution of the British Empire, South Africa has tried to maintain its neutrality between the OFN and the Pakt, unwilling to take sides and antagonize the Reich. When Afrika-Schild brings war to their home, however, they are far less reluctant to answer the calls for aid from the US.
• Proxy War: Subjected to one between themselves and Afrika-Schild, which serves as the opening blow of America's attempt to take the throne from Germany.
• Rightful King Returns: If the monarchy is not abolished in the referendum, then Queen Elizabeth II will be crowned Queen of South Africa upon South Africa winning/surviving the South African War.
• Space-Filling Empire: When the OFN wins the South African War, South Africa annexes Namibia (technically a re-annexation since they administered Namibia during the interwar years), Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Southern Mozambique, creating an absolutely enormous South Africa.
• Succession Crisis: Formally, South Africa is still a monarchy, ruled by the Crown. However, the throne of South Africa remains empty as it can't afford to pick any claimant, be it Elizabeth II or Edward VIII, for recognizing any of them means having to choose to side with either the OFN or the Pakt.
• Video Game Cruelty Punishment: If you decide to launch a crackdown on the ANC to appease the Boer nationalists, you will only get a third side in the future Civil War fighting against you, as the fascists cannot be pleased and will rebel no matter what. In contrast, if you say no to the fascists' demands, the ANC will remain loyal to the South African government.

De Villiers Graaff

Role: Head of State

Party: United Party

Ideology: Liberal Conservatism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Succeeding his father's position as Baronet of Cape Town, De Villiers Graaff soon entered the ring of South African politics. He had worked his way from the lower echelons, starting his career as a member of the House of Assembly and eventually, his hard labor and commitments paid off, as he was elected to lead the United Party in '56. It seemed to Graaff that his ascension to power as Prime Minister was dutifully needed and to succeed, he had to balance the delicate house of cards and maneuver his way through the system to prevent his nation from tearing itself apart.

Since his appointment, Graaff worked tirelessly to maintain his balancing act to preserve the fragile equilibrium South Africa had. The bulk of the problems mostly lay from the ramblings of the National Party and Boers, who stalked him with malice, armed with daggers, waiting for a chance to backstab him and break free. Another problem was the African National Congress, an organization established by a conglomeration of blacks who take to the streets and protest daily, all waiting for their long promised rights and fairer treatment. Naturally, Graaff's solution was clear: Suppress both sides, play them against each other, and maybe, just maybe, negotiate some terms to successfully quell their resistance.

The year is 1962, and South Africa teeters towards a collision course. Both the NP and the ANC are getting restless, becoming more radical and dangerous to the government each passing day. The Germans await at the border, sharpening their claws for when they can dig into the fresh meat of the Cape Colony, threatening to destroy the liberty of its people. Prime Minister De Villiers Graff must steer his nation in the right course and prepare accordingly, lest all his hard-worked effort be destroyed in one fell swoop.

Prime Minister of South Africa circa 1962. As leader of the United Party, he has tried to maintain a middle path, appeasing Boer nationalists while trying to keep black South Africans from full-on rebellion. However, the increasing pressure of the Nazi Reichskommissariats to the North, and their tacit alliance with the Boer nationalists, will force him to take more radical action, one way or another.

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• A Lighter Shade of Black: Graaff has the choice to negotiate with the National Party and crack down on the ANC rebels, in the process becoming just barely less bad than the white supremacists who will inevitably betray him and side with the Nazis in an attempt to create a Boer ethnostate.
• The Chains of Commanding: It's shown that ensuring South African neutrality and just keeping the country together weigh heavily on Graaff. He knows his nation stands at the precipice, made worse by the NP's antics.
• Playing Both Sides: In order to maintain South Africa's fragile equilibrium in the face of the fierce rivalry between the ANC and the Boer nationalists, Graaff suppresses both and plays them against each other, so he could negotiate some terms to successfully quell their resistance.
• Reasonable Authority Figure: If he decides to legalize and cooperate with the ANC, in order to limit the influence of the pro-Nazi National Party. Inverted if he tries to appease the NP, especially since the NP can never be satisfied by anything short of seizing absolute power.

Afrikaner Volkstaat

Official Name: Afrikaner Volkstaat^note Afrikaner People's State

Ruling Party: Herstigte Nasionale Party^note Reconstituted National Party

Ideology: Clerical Fascism^note National Socialism

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• Amoral Afrikaner: The Boers led by Albert Hertzog are fierce and militant nationalists supported by the Germans.
• Arch-Enemy: The Boer nationalists' goal of apartheid makes them the enemy of the African National Congress, a native party who seeks equal rights and integration of the black population into South African society.
• Civil War: In the Afrika-Schild total victory scenario, going down the Reichstaat's focus tree branch to suppress the OFN and the ANC will cause the Boers to become increasingly alienated, and Hans Hüttig will eventually attempt to annex the Afrikaner Volkstaat into his Reichstaat. This causes General Magnus Malan to coup Albert Hertzog and declare that the Boers are no longer working with the Germans, which in turn causes several other pro-native or pro-democratic revolts to rise up throughout the country, starting the Second South African Civil War.
• Here We Go Again!: In the aftermath of the Schild-Boer victory against South Africa and the OFN, the Reichstaat's oppression leads to Magnus Malan's Military Coup and *another* civil war in South Africa, this time far more chaotic and messy, but without a major involvement of superpowers.
• Politically Incorrect Villain: The Boer nationalists are single-minded in their belief of racial segregation, and think that granting rights to natives would only offer them the chance to rebel against their masters.
• Pyrrhic Victory: Even if Afrika-Schild achieves a total victory in the South African War, putting the Boer white supremacists in control of South Africa, they'll find themselves unable to effectively govern the country, which continues to be plagued by ANC remnants.
• The Remnant: After winning the South African War, the Afrikaner Volkstaat still has to deal with OFN holdouts, men left behind from the war, who now serve as instructors for the many native resistance groups.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: While both the Boer nationalists and Hans Hüttig are hardline racists and share many beliefs, the Boers aren't particularly keen with being lorded over by Germans, and the two are merely allies of convenience.
• Western Terrorists: When the South African War breaks out, the Boers will form terrorist militias armed with German equipment, murdering Army recruiters, raiding supply lines, laying landmines on roads and ambushing South African troops.

Albert Hertzog

Role: President^note Head of State

Party: Herstigte Nasionale Party^note Reconstituted National Party

Ideology: Clerical Fascism^note National Socialism

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• Even Evil Has Standards: Initially willing to collaborate with Hüttig's Reichstaat, Hertzog gets increasingly distressed when he begins stationing more of his troops in South Africa, as he never wanted to turn the Afrikaner Volkstaat into a puppet of his.
• Know When to Fold 'Em:
  • After the collapse of the Reichstaat, Hertzog will step down under international pressure and will organize democratic elections, albeit ones that only Boers can vote in.
  • If the Reichstaat interferes too much in the Boers' affairs, Hertzog will resign, leaving a power vacuum for the military under Malan to coup the civilian government.
• Ungrateful Bastard: Even if South Africa tries appeasing his demands by suppressing the ANC, Hertzog will still declare them to be illegitimate leaders and launch a civil war against them so that the Boers can take power forcefully.
• White Hair, Black Heart: Hertzog is white-haired and a racist Afrikaner who intends on oppressing the native African population even further.

Magnus Malan

Role: Military Commander, President^note Head of State (Second South African War)

Party: Herstigte Nasionale Party^note Reconstituted National Party

Ideology: Corporatism^note Fascism

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• A Lighter Shade of Black: One of his opponents in the Second South African War is Karl Chmielewski, who is even more genocidal than the Afrikaner Volkstaat as a whole.
• Military Coup: If Hans Hüttig demands to annex the Afrikaner Volkstaat into his Großafrikanischer Reichstaat, Malan will overthrow Hertzog to fight Hüttig, kickstarting the Second South African Civil War.

Jaap Marais

Role: Head of State (Hertzog resignation and minimal German involvement in SAW)

Party: Herstigte Nasionale Party^note Reconstituted National Party

Ideology: Corporatism^note Fascism

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• Choosing Neutrality: Marais can only succeed Hertzog if Germany sent relatively little aid to Afrika-Schild during the South African War, and will have the Afrikaner Volkstaat break away from the Pakt after becoming President.

Pieter Willem Botha

Role: President^note Head of State (Hertzog resignation and heavy German involvement in SAW)

Party: Herstigte Nasionale Party^note Reconstituted National Party

Ideology: Corporatism^note Fascism

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• History Repeats: South Africa at the beginning of the South African War was propped up by OFN men, arms, and money and contending with unfriendly states to the north. Should Pieter Willem Botha come to power, Germany's player will receive events that establish the Boer Republic as a state propped up by German men, arms, and money and contending with unfriendly states in the north.
• The Quisling: If the Afrikaner Volkstaat receives plenty of aid from Germany during the South African War, Botha will be elected and align the country to the Unity-Pakt.

African National Congress

Official Name: African National Congress

Ruling Party: African National Congress

Ideology: Pan-Africanism^note Socialism

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• Arch-Enemy: In their quest to achieve fair treatment for themselves, the ANC's greatest obstacle is the Boers of the National Party, who wish to turn South Africa into an apartheid state.
• Chummy Commies: The ANC consists of native African socialists who seek to secure equal rights between themselves and South Africa's white population, preferably through peaceful means, as opposed to their arch-nemeses, the Boer nationalists, who cannot be satisfied by anything less than total control.
• Curb-Stomp Battle: If they rise up against the Union of South Africa during the South African War, the ANC is doomed to lose, since they're by far the weakest faction and sandwiched between the OFN and Afrika-Schild (the game isn't written to take into account if the ANC somehow manages to win). However, this defeat is far from the end of the ANC's struggle for self-determination.
• Doomed Moral Victor: If the ANC tries rebelling against South Africa, they will ultimately get crushed because they're situated between the larger OFN-backed South Africa and the Afrika-Schild.
• You Cannot Kill An Idea: Nothing short of nuclear war can stop the ANC's struggle for African rule. Even if the colonial government refuses negotiations and begins mass arrests of the ANC, and even if Afrika-Schild utterly wins the South African War (placing the entire nation under the control of a Nazi-sympathetic Boer Republic), they will continue a guerrilla struggle indefinitely.
• Your Terrorists Are Our Freedom Fighters: Not different from real life in that regard, the ANC has a military wing called uMkhonto we Sizwe, led by Nelson Mandela. Depending on circumstance, they will fight the Boers or both them and the OFN.

Oliver R. Tambo

Role: Head of State

Party: African National Congress

Ideology: Pan-Africanism^note Socialism

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• Enemy Mine: In the focus tree path where Graaf's United Party works with the ANC, Graaf and Tambo have little in common in terms of ideology. However, both are against fascism and apartheid. Thus, they come to an agreement in order to counter the growing threat of Albert Herzog.
• Reasonable Authority Figure: Unlike the Boers, Tambo can be reasoned with if South Africa sides with their integrationist policies.

Second South African Civil War

South African Splinter Nations

Republic of South Africa

Official Name: Republic of South Africa

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism

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• The Remnant: In addition to the moderate members of the National Party, they also include the remnants of the United Party that was once part of the original South African government.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: The advocates against segregation are often at odds with Mulder and the moderate Boers.

Connie Mulder

Role: Head of State

Ideology: Liberalism, Provisional Government^note Paternalism (Second South African Civil War)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Connie Mulder is a disillusioned man. For years, he worked to bring the National Party to power, first as a councilman, then as a mayor, and finally, as an officer during the war. Even more so, he was one of the transvaal Boer's most pro-German politicians, staunchly opposing any expansion of American influence into South Africa. Yet for all of this, he now leads the revolt against those he wished to see rule.

Mulder watched in horror as the Boer Republic which he helped bring about was torn apart between its slavish loyalty to Huttig's regime in Queliame, the ceaseless native resistance to its existence, and the extremists in the Volksraad. Slowly but surely, the former teacher established connection with United Party politicians, knowing full well the regime couldn't last. Then came the overthrow of Hertzog, and it was worse than Mulder imagined.

When the fragile government collapsed in the face of Malan's coup, Mulder was the only man with connections to both Boer loyalists and United Party politicians, and so he was unanimously elected president of a restored South Africa, with all three votes. In a sense, Mulder is little more than a puppet for the special interests who back his government, whose ultimate end is to restore the pre 1964 constitution. However, he also personifies the factionalism that the reborn South African state suffers from: As a lifelong segregationist, he is at odds with the remnants of the United Party who wish to use the war as an opportunity to end the practice once and for all.

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• Even Evil Has Standards: He's a supporter for racial segregation, but he was repulsed by the atrocities committed by the Boer Republic and especially the Reichstaat.
• Puppet King: He holds little power beyond representing the interests of South Africans who want to restore the pre-1964 constitution.

South African Liberation Front

^{Flag of the South African Federation}

Official Name: South African Liberation Front, South African Federation (2nd SAW Victory)

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

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• The Alliance: Partway through the Second South African War, if the Boer Republic capitulates, the SALF will create the South African Alliance, inviting the Carnarvon Defense League and the Zulu-Xhosa Alliance to try and take on the Republic of South Africa, creating the South African Federation if victorious.
• The Federation: If the SALF (and the South African Alliance) wins the Second South African Civil War, it will declare the creation of the South African Federation, a multiracial federated South Africa.

Constand Viljoen

Role: Military Commander, Head of State

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}In theory, Connie Mulder's restored South African government can count on the loyalty of the Union Defense Forces (UDF). As with most things in South Africa, reality is far more convoluted.

Constand Viljoen belongs to a clique of younger officers who despised the Graff's government unwillingness to compromise with the native population. Although he initially defected to the Boers at the outbreak of the War, the entry of the Afrika-Schild and the volksraad submission to Huttig caused him to rescind his betrayal and rejoin the Union Defense Forces. From there, he rose to prominence as one of the UDF's most competent military commanders.

Viljoen was intelligent enough to go into hiding once it became obvious that the Schild would win the war. From his internal exile, Viljoen made clear his view that it was the politicians and their racial inflexibility that had lost South Africa, and later the Boer Republic, its freedom. Now in control of the lion's share of the reborn UDF, Viljoen is determined to prevent this from happening again. To many, Viljoen's bizarre claim that a Boer state is not incompatible with majority african rule carry the implication that he wishes for a federated South Africa.

Almost immediately, the general's insistence on closer cooperation with native African forces caused a break with the Cape Town government, from which the SALF is effectively independent. While Huttig's agents and Malan's Boers remain Viljoen's immediate concern, the General's ultimate aim is to create a new multiracial order that will prevent South Africa from being divided and conquered ever again. If Mulder, the natives, or anyone else proves an obstacle to this, Viljoen won't hesitate to turn his guns on them.

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• Hazy-Feel Turn: His calls for a new Boer state are at odds with his simultaneous support for racial cooperation among all ethnic groups in South Africa, which is not helped by the fact that he switched sides twice in the first South African War. It's left ambiguous as to whether this is out of a change of heart or out of pragmatism.
• Heel–Face Revolving Door: He initially defected to the Boer Republic during the first South African War, but later switches sides again when the Afrika-Schild intervened and the Boer Republic submitted to them.

Carnarvon Defense League

Official Name: Carnarvon Defense League

Ideology: Progressive Conservatism^note Conservatism

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• Martial Pacifist: Naudé's forces are very heavily armed, but the Carnarvon Defense League focuses on staying neutral in the civil war first and foremost, only getting involved if they join Viljoen's South African Alliance.
• The Bus Came Back: Nelson Mandela, a member of the ANC, can return to prominence as a general for the Carnarvon Defense League in the Second South African War.
• Team Switzerland: The Carnarvon Defense League is a multiracial defense league that will stay neutral at the breakout of the Second South African Civil War, and will declare independence if the Boer Republic wins. However, if the Boer Republic capitulates, it can join the South African Liberation Front and the Zulu-Xhosa Alliance to form the South African Alliance, and take down the Republic of South Africa.

Beyers Naudé

Role: Head of State

Ideology: Progressive Conservatism^note Conservatism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Peace at any cost is the official doctrine of the Carnarvon Defense League, and of its leader.

While Beyers Naudé himself was a segregationist long ago, the extremist attitudes of his fellow Boers, and the religious conviction of many ANC members, convinced the theologian that he was rooting for the wrong side. By the time of the Cape Town massacre, the cleric had established connections with underground ANC leaders, something which earned him the ire of Hertzog's secret policemen. Nevertheless, Naudé refused to go into hiding and continued to publicly criticize the government, an act that greatly increased the ANC's opinion of him.

Once Malan's coup set off Connie Mulder's rebellion in Cape Town, Naudé allies, white and black, seized control of the Northern Cape from the rapidly collapsing Boer security forces. Naudé's deeply religious understanding of South Africa resulted in his calls for a restoration of the pre war constitution, an end to segregation, co-operation between blacks and whites, expelling the Germans, and a federated structure for South Africa. His vision for a reconstructed South Africa convinced just about every major faction that Naudé was their natural ally.

However, neither Mulder, nor Viljoen, nor Buthelezi could have predicted the establishment of the Carnarvon Defense League as a neutral zone. Armed to the teeth, Naudé has made it clear that the League will guarantee a safe place for those who wish to evade further suffering from war. Whether the League will weather the storm and remain intact is an open question, but Naudé's position as the most idealistic of contestants for the future of South Africa is already secured.

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• Heel–Face Turn: He was initially a segregationist, but his distaste for the Boers, religious convictions from the ANC, and disgust from the Cape Town Massacre drove him to renounce his previous views and work with the ANC.

Zulu-Xhosa Alliance

Official Name: Zulu-Xhosa Alliance

Ruling Party: Inkatha Freedom Party

Ideology: Paternalistic Conservatism^note Conservatism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: The flag of the Zulu-Xhosa Alliance is the one used by KwaZulu, a bantustan established by the Apartheid government for the Zulu people. Bantustans were used to strip black Africans of their citizenship and political rights.
• Golden Mean Fallacy: Subverted. Though the IFP have a cooperative attitude about ending segregation, they're no less radical than the old ANC about ensuring equality between white and black South Africans. If their demands are not met by Viljoen, they will start turning to more forceful means.
• The Remnant: They mainly consist of the Inkatha Freedom Party, the most prominent ANC splinter group.
• We ARE Struggling Together: Their ranks are an unstable alliance of tribes that are only held together by their mutual hate for segregation and loyalty to Buthelezi. Should the alliance fail to meet their goals in a timely manner, the more extreme elements of the faction will grow stronger.

Mangosuthu Buthelezi

Role: Head of State

Party: Inkatha Freedom Party

Ideology: Paternalistic Conservatism^note Conservatism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}The abject failure of the ANC to prevent a Boer takeover of South Africa proved to be the last straw for the organization's moderate faction. As the ANC's leaders were killed or exiled by Hertzog's regime, the ensuing power struggle for the organization's remnants was won by none other than Prince Mangosuthu Buthelezi.

Officially only the hereditary leader of the Buthelezi tribe, Prince Mangosuthu is the de facto leader of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), the largest ANC splinter group. Mangosuthu and the chief ideolouges of the IFP are steadfast in their belief that the ANC's extremism was the root of its failure, and that only by cooperating with sympathetic white governments will racial parity be achieved. In Spite of this moderation, the IFP goals are no less radical than those of the ANC, and the backlash from the Boer's horrific treatment of South Africa's natives has only further convinced the tribal leaders who prop-up Mangosuthu's government that segregation has to end, one way or another.

The thin line The Prince has to walk between ideological radicalism and his pragmatic strategy is represented by the unstable alliance of tribes that make up Mangosuthu's political front. While it is little more than an informal arrangement upheld almost entirely by personal loyalty to Mangosuthu, at a disadvantage in industrial capacity and military experience, the alliance nevertheless carries with it the ANC's unbreakable spirit. This makes an arrangement with Viljoen's moderate whites all the more pressing, for should Mangosuthu prove unable to fulfill his promises of a negotiated end to segregation, the IFP's more extremist elements could gain the upper hand.

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• Defector from Decadence: He blames the ANC's initial failures on their extremism and believes that their goals can better be achieved by negotiating with the moderate white South Africans. Thus, led to the foundation of the Inkatha Freedom Party, the largest splinter group from the ANC.

Oberkommando Südafrika

Official Name: Oberkommando Südafrika^Tr.South Africa High Command

Ruling Party: Oberkommando Südafrika^note South Africa High Command

Ideology: National Socialism

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• Anti-Mutiny: After the Afrikaner Volkstaat splits from the Reichstaat, Chmielewski will attempt to bring South Africa back under Hüttig's reign.
• Balkanize Me: If the Oberkommando wins the Second South African War, they will inevitably collapse when Hüttig's empire does, leading to yet another balkanization in South Africa.
• Earn Your Bad Ending: As discussed, it is quite hard to for Oberkommando Südafrika to win. But, should they win, they doom South Africa to a Evil vs. Evil Third South African Civil War.
• Failure Is the Only Option: Much like how Hüttig's dream of an Aryanized Africa is impossible, the Oberkommando Südafrika is ultimately doomed to either lose in the Second South African Civil War or inevitably collapse after Chmielewski's death.
• Here We Go Again!: If Oberkommando Südafrika reconquers South Africa, when the Reichstaat inevitably collapses, South Africa will collapse for the third time in a decade.
• Undying Loyalty: They are shamelessly loyal to the Reichstaat and will seek to bring South Africa back into their fold after the Boer Republic splits from them.

Karl Chmielewski

Role: Military Commander, Economy Minister (Hüttig cabinet), Head of State (Second South African War)

Party: Oberkommando Südafrika^note South Africa High Command

Ideology: National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Karl Chimelewiski was always considered to be below average in all aspects except one: Cruelty.

Chimelewiski once had a promising career in the German SS, as one of the few Camp Kommandants whose delight in torturing prisoners unsettled even Reinhard Heydreich. However, his excessive graft and violations of SS regulations ended his career with a permanent reassignment to Huttig's Ostafrika. Here, he was no one.

For years, the disgraced Camp Kommandant tried to gain the Reichkommissar's approval, to no avail. Even his plot to assassinate Ian Smith backfired when it interfered with his boss's plans. A lackluster performance as a Corps commander during the South African war seemed like his last posting, until Malan's rebellion forced Huttig to intervene in the country once more.

Since Huttig's more competent generals were busy administering his domain, Chimelewiski was the only one left to put down the Boer rebellion. With little more than a full division and hatred for the Germans at an all time high, Chimelewinski knows that regaining control of the country is impossible, but he will at least try to evacuate as many German resources as possible before he is beaten back.

In-Game Biography (Economy Minister) ^{Click to Show} All across Africa, the natives whisper of the Devil of Gusen, and the rumors that follow him everywhere he goes. One common theory is that he skins his prisoners to the bone, using their flesh to decorate his furniture. Another commonly held belief is that he enjoys watching the executions of his captives, deriving a sick sort of pleasure from it. Karl Chmielewski is pleased to hear these rumors, believing they will strike fear into the native's hearts. Chmielewski, considering himself Hüttig's favorite, is prone to brag of the dangerous and vile tasks Hüttig entrusts to him and him alone.

As a matter of fact, the entirety of the Ostafrikan SS Command despises Chmielewski, seeing him as a mindless brute with only mediocre command skills. Even Hüttig is disgusted by the man and his brutality. The special tasks that Chmielewski is so proud of are, as often as not, tasks that the Reichskommissar believes Chmielewski will fail and put an end to his atrocities once and for all. Chmielewski, however, is effective, so Hüttig has not yet been behooved to take more serious measures against him.

A sadistic and incompetent former camp commandant serving as a minor minister in RK Ostafrika. When the Second South African Civil War erupts under the Reichstaat's noses, he is dispatched to put down the rebellion.

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• Assassin Outclassin': If Chmielewski fails to retake South Africa or the second South African Civil War is never triggered in the first place by the time Hüttig relocates to Léopoldville, then Otto Förschner will attempt to have him killed during his coup. His attempt fails, however, and Chmielewski will attempt to rally men for a counterattack. Nothing comes of it, however, since the Reichstaat collapses shortly after.
• Asshole Victim: Should he win, South Africa will collapse again, and he will be assassinated by Wilhelm Dommes so he doesn't interfere in Dommes' plans to get out of Africa. He deserves it.
• Genuine Human Hide: In Chmielewski's villa, leather couches, book bindings and lampshades are made from the skins of disobedient slaves.
• Gone Horribly Right: While his assassination of Ian Smith goes against what Hüttig had originally intended, Chmielewski's plot does succeed in destabilizing South Africa and potentially giving him another chance to prove himself. Unfortunately for him, it can also come to backfire horribly.
• Reassigned to Antarctica: Chmielewski's graft and violation of SS regulations earned him a permanent reassignment to RK Ostafrika.
• Sadist: Chmielewski is infamous for his cruelty, and took delight in torturing prisoners in the concentration camps back in Europe.
• Small Name, Big Ego: Seemingly entrusted with dangerous missions by Hüttig, Chmielewski is convinced that he is his boss' favorite amongst his subordinates. Truthfully, his command skills are mediocre at best. Otherwise, Hüttig completely despises him as a psychotic monster, even by his standards, and the reason he gives so many "special tasks" to Chmielewski is to have him killed, since he can't be rid of otherwise.
• Sycophantic Servant: Chmielewski competes with Richard Baer for Hüttig's favor, doing any little thing possible to prove himself worthy in his eyes. Unfortunately for both of them, Hüttig holds them both in contempt and ignores all of their jockeying.

Secessionist Nations

Lesotho

Official Name: Kingdom of Lesotho

Ruling Party: House of Moshoeshoe

Ideology: Absolute Monarchy^note Despotism

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• Team Switzerland: During the Second South African Civil War, Lesotho will remain neutral for most of the conflict, only declaring war on Oberkommando Südafrika because they seek to bring all of South Africa under their heel.

Moshoeshoe II

^{Military Uniform}

Role: Head of State

Party: House of Moshoeshoe

Ideology: Absolute Monarchy^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} King of the Kingdom of Lesotho, Moshoeshoe II was born Constantine Bereng Seeiso, a descendant of Moshoeshoe I, the great founder of the nation. Educated at Roma College in Lesotho, from a young age he cooperated closely with the South African government, just as his stepmother, acting as his regent in the wake of his father's death, had before him. Granted full independence upon assuming the throne in 1960, he has so far competently led Lesotho in cooperation with the constitutional government.

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• Les Collaborateurs: After assuming the throne in 1960, he worked closely with the South African government before its collapse, just like his stepmother before him.

Eswatini

Official Name: Kingdom of Eswatini

Ruling Party: House of Dlamini

Ideology: Absolute Monarchy^note Despotism

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• Nepotism: There is an uncontrolled level of nepotism within eSwatini, which negatively impacts the country's political power and command power gain.
• Team Switzerland: After the Afrikaner Volkstaat balkanizes during the Second South African Civil War, eSwatini will secede and declare their neutrality, only coming into conflict with the Oberkommando Südafrika, who declare war on everybody anyway.

Sobhuza II

Role: Head of State

Party: House of Dlamini

Ideology: Absolute Monarchy^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Having inherited the throne when he was merely months old, Ngwenyama Sobhuza II of Eswatini is one of the longest reigning monarchs in the history of the world. He helped see to the full independence of Eswatini in 1953, and today rules skillfully, aligning his interests with those of South Africa against the Germans. Sobhuza II has seen other monarchs be born, be crowned, and be buried, and still he leads his people into one decade after another. It is likely that he will continue to reign for many years to come.

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• Les Collaborateurs: He cooperated with South Africa to combat German aggression in the continent.

Oberkommando Südafrika Collapse

Seeverteidigung Simonstown

Official Name: Seeverteidigung Simonstown^Tr.Coastal Defense Simonstown

Ruling Party: Seeverteidigung Simonstown^note Coastal Defense Simonstown

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

The remnant German forces in South Africa based in Simon's Town, led by naval commander Wilhelm Dommes.

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• The Remnant: Seeverteidigung Simonstown is the tattered remnants of German forces in South Africa, led by a naval commander whose only wish is to leave this place as soon as possible.

Wilhelm Dommes

Role: Economy Minister (Förschner cabinet), Head of State

Party: Seeverteidigung Simonstown^note Coastal Defense Simonstown

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Wilhelm Dommes never wanted to be in Afrika, and even now thinks only of how to escape it.

After spending the Second World War as the only German commander to closely cooperate with the Japanese throughout the war, Dommes had expected a rapid promotion to the Seekriegsleitung. However, the rapid deterioration of German-Japanese relations after the war resulted in a speedy exile to Ostafrika, where his career languished for over a decade. Worse still, Dommes sat out the South African War, crawling in his skin as the American navy prevented his petty fleet from playing any active part.

Throughout Huttig's reign, it was speculated he avoided being purged because the Afrikan Kriegsmarine was thought too irrelevant to bother with. Few, however, knew just how true that statement was. While Africa burned, Dommes used the Staathalter's bening ignorance to plot his escape, but being constantly frustrated by want of fuel. When the Vassallenstaat was reconquered, however, Dommes changed his plans: Quietly using the last of his supplies to relocate what remained of his fleet to the abandoned OFN naval base at Simons's Town, the Konteradmiral procured to secure control of the Cape in the inevitable event of the Reichstaat's collapse, and hand it in a silver plate to his former allies in exchange for rescue.

Using his influence with Rolf Mutzenburg and Hans Ulrich Rudel, both of whom he saved from execution by Huttig, Dommes painstakingly infiltrated Oberkommando Suidafrika in preparation for making his move. When news of Huttig's death reached Kapstadt, it took little effort to assasinate the hated Chielewinski and recall his troops to the Cape. Merging the late Kolonialwalter's command with his own "Seeverteidigung Simonstown," he has assembled a collection of weaponry ranging from the barely operable battleship Rodney to the most modern armor available to the defunct Queliame regime.

Now that his plan is entering the final stretch, Dommes has only one objective: Survive until his negotiations with the Japanese guarantee him and his men a safe escape route. To this objective, he has established a temporary alliance with the Johannesburg "Republic" and OFN prisoners to the north, which few expect to last, even if it survives the impending ANC attack.

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• Enemy Mine: In order to survive in the post-Reichstaat chaos, Dommes has secured a temporary alliance with the South African Republic in Johannesburg and the OFN Forces in Swaziland.
• Reassigned to Antarctica: Dommes closely cooperated with Japan in WW2, seeing it as his way to get rapid promotions. However, the breakdown of German-Japanese relations led to his reassignment to Ostafrika, where his career stagnated.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here: Dommes never wanted to be in Africa in the first place, and spent his entire time in Ostafrika and later the Reichstaat plotting his escape. When Hüttig dies, he assassinates Chmielewski, takes over the remnant German forces, and plans to survive until his negotiations with Japan go through and he can finally leave Africa.

South African Republic

Official Name: South African Republic

Ideology: Corporatocracy^note Despotism

A nominal republic dominated by the corporate forces of the DeBeers-Anglo diamond company.

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• One Nation Under Copyright: The DeBeers-Anglo corporation runs the entire government of the South African "Republic", with the President of the republic being the head of the DeBeers-Anglo corporation, and their South African Army being made up of mercenaries organized under the "DeBeers Protection Forces".
• Private Military Contractors: The South African Republic is currently being ran by the mercenary forces under the DeBeers-Anglo corporation, led by mercenary Taffy Williams.

Taffy Williams

Role: Head of State

Ideology: Corporatocracy^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Only the most insane of men would attempt to actively insert themselves into the hellish nightmare that was Huttig's Africa. One such man was Taffy Williams.

After briefly serving in the Zentalafrikan wars during the 1950s, Williams returned to Europe for service by HMMLR during the English Civil War, missing out on the first two South African Wars due to the American blockade. However, Robert Oppenheimer's need for loyal mercenaries to protect the DeBeers-Anglo corporation, and now, to prop up his new "Republic," ensured the Englishman's return to the battlefields south of the Sahara.

Smuggled into Mozambique in the aftermath of the second South African War, Williams was made head of the "DeBeers Protection Forces," an organization that has now become synonymous with the South African Army. In collaboration with McCain's men, also founded by DeBeers-Anglo, Williams effectively protected the company's assets from retribution by the SS until news of Huttig's death came.

Following plans carefully laid by Oppenheimer, William's mercenaries easily toppled the disintegrating German administration, installing what is nominally a Republic with Oppenheimer as president. However, it is obvious that the government is little more than a front for corporate dominance, and that, for the moment, it is Taffy Williams, and not the President, who calls the shots.

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• Allohistorical Allusion: In OTL, Taffy Williams was a Welsh-South African soldier who eventually became a mercenary and fought in the Congo Crisis, before joining the Biafran Army as a Major and fighting in the Nigerian Civil War.

Durban Socialist Republic

Official Name: Durban Socialist Republic

Ideology: Pan-Africanism^note Socialism

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• Cynicism Catalyst: Seeing their dreams of equality crushed twice by the Boers and the Oberkommando Südafrika, the African National Congress has become more militarized and authoritarian than before.
• The Remnant: The Durban Socialist Republic is controlled by remnants of the ANC led by Chris Hani.

Chris Hani

^{Civilian Outfit}

Role: Head of State

Ideology: Pan-Africanism^note Socialism

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• Chummy Commies: While when the Oberkommando Südafrika collapses, Hani will lead a communist revolution to liberate his fellow Africans and fight against future colonialism and German oppression.
• Everyone Has Standards: Despite running a successful resistance against the Germans, Hani does not want to turn the African National Congress into a "purely fanatical machine of revenge" and will punish anyone who tries pushing for that cause.

Kapa Bokone African State

Official Name: Kapa Bokone African State^note Northern Cape African State

Ruling Party: Kapa Bokone African State^note Northern Cape African State

Ideology: Stratocracy^note Ultranationalism

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• Football Hooligans: The Madikizela United Football Club make up the primary base of power for the Kapa Bokone forces, now radicalized into a paramilitary terrorist group.
• Red and Black Totalitarianism: Their flag primarily uses red and black colors, and they represent the most iron-fisted elements of the ANC, using terrorism, extortion, and kidnapping to hold on to their power.
• Renegade Splinter Faction: They represent an even more extreme and fanatical faction from Hani's own in the Durban Socialist Republic.
• The Remnant: The Kapa Bokone African State is led by an ANC splinter broken off from Chris Hani, who have radicalized after being defeated twice and receiving support from Robert Mugabe in Zimbabwe.

Winnie Madikizela

Role: Head of State

Party: Kapa Bokone African State^note Northern Cape African State

Ideology: Stratocracy^note Ultranationalism

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• Puppet King: Madikizela is little more than a puppet of the Madikizela United Football Club, her bodyguard group which had completely degenerated into a criminal organization under the thumbs of Mugabe.

United First Kingdoms

Official Name: United First Kingdoms

Ruling Party: United First Kingdoms

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

A Khoisan state that emerges following the collapse of Oberkommando Südafrika.

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• Deadly Gas: The Khoisan people make use of Hans Hüttig's chemical weapons which lay scattered across Upington's abandoned headquarters.

Mateus Matoka

Role: Head of State

Party: United First Kingdoms

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: Matoka in OTL was a native African member of the Portuguese colonial Flechas special forces. In TNO, Matoka served in the German colonial SS instead.
• Les Collaborateurs: Matoka served in Schenck's SS when he was still alive, but even that wasn't enough to spare him from Hüttig's genocidal plans., whom decided to turn on Matoka and the other African collaborators.

Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging

Official Name: Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging^Tr.Afrikaner Resistance Movement

Ruling Party: Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging^note Afrikaner Resistance Movement

Ideology: Ultranationalism

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• Allohistorical Allusion: The faction's name, flag, and leader are all based on a real-life Afrikaner/white nationalist and neo-Nazi political party/paramilitary organization.
• A Nazi by Any Other Name: Though ideologically classified as Ultranationalist, the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging considers itself a successor to the ideals of the Reichstaat.
• Red and Black Totalitarianism: They are the most extreme incarnation of the Boer regime and use a red-and-black flag.
• The Remnant: The Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging is the radicalized remnants of the Boer nationalist forces.

Eugène Terre'Blanche

Role: Head of State

Party: Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging^note Afrikaner Resistance Movement

Ideology: Ultranationalism

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• Fat Bastard: His portrait gives him a rather portly appearance and he's leading the most extreme faction of Boers in the setting.

Madagascar

French Madagascar

^{Flag of the Militärverwaltung Madagaskar}

^{Flag of the Paktkommission Madagaskar}

Official Name: Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies, Militärverwaltung Madagaskar^Tr.Military Administration of Madagascar (Civil war), Paktkommission Madagaskar (Civil War victory)

Ruling Party: Départements et régions d'outre-mer^note Overseas departments and regions of France

Ideology: Colonial Government^note Despotism

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• Armies Are Evil: The GfMA is the German garrison that protects the island and zealously uses violence to break up the Malagasy nationalists and uphold the colonial system.
• Authority in Name Only:
  • The Vichy French authorities are technically in charge of Madagascar, but it's really Germany who's running the whole affair, using the Militärkommission Madagaskar to maintain a military presence and the Generalbüro für Madagassische Angelegenheiten to govern the island. France relegates themselves to Tananarive, while Germany employs brute force in the rest of the country. When the natives rebel, the Germans assume direct control and drop any pretense of French authority.
  • Besides the Germans, French Madagascar can barely even control the countryside, which are plagued with nationalist resistance groups who can pillage villages and harass the authorities. The facade is finally destroyed when the native collaborators rebel and cause the colony to collapse into anarchy in the Second Malagasy Uprising.
• Awesome, but Impractical: The Toliara Projects was a series of impressive architectural plans that would've constructed massive buildings and infrastructure systems to "bring light" to Madagascar. However, these plans never came to fruition due to the heavy demand of constructive material that was impossible to ship due to the American embargo. Since then, these projects have been scaled down to a more practical level.
• The Bad Guy Wins: In spite of their glaring vulnerabilities, the Germans can defeat the Second Malagasy Uprising and keep Madagascar chained for at least another decade.
• Blatant Lies: After defeating the Malagasy Rebellion, Germany may need to conduct a coup on the French colonial authorities to seize the island forcefully. In spite of all the firefights and bombings that happen, Germany gives a bunch of falsified documents to justify their actions, only getting away with it because the international community doesn't care about an internal matter.
• Les Collaborateurs: The French colonial administration employs native collaborators in their police force and armed forces. Most of them were originally members of the pre-colonial government, integrated into the administration and given a French education. However, many of these collaborators are not entirely loyal anymore and their mutiny sparks the Second Malagasy Uprising.
• Crippling Overspecialization: The Madagascar colony is only as useful as it can provide luxuries exclusive to the island. When the Oil Crisis hits, demand for these luxuries plummets and it's even become unprofitable to take a ship to the island and expend more oil. Combined with the risk of famine, the colony is on thin ice during this period, since it will be difficult to fund and equip the garrisons protecting the entire colonial structure.
• Disproportionate Retribution: During the Second Malagasy Uprising, a German soldier is lynched and left to hang on a tree while pelted with rocks. In response to this, the German garrison starts murdering the people of the town in retribution, until the two Malagasy detectives studying this case turn on the Germans and open fire.
• Downer Ending: Not only can Germany defeat the Second Malagasy Uprising and maintain the oppressive colonial structure, they can also defeat the Oil Crisis protests, leaving no hope for the island's future. Piles of bodies burn on the side of the roads, cities are emptied of their inhabitants, and farms have been ravaged due to plunder from the German garrisons. The ending's not even pleasant for Milch or Germania, since Madagascar is so devastated that it will take years for them to recover their losses.
• Easy Logistics: Subverted. Half the battle in the Second Malagasy Uprising is logistics, as the colony has poorly maintained roads, out-of-date railways, and an over-dependence on overseas supplies. It also doesn't help that mountains and highlands stretch across the spine of Madagascar, giving ample opportunity for partisans to ambush their supply lines.
• Evil Colonialist: The French and German colonial administrations are set up to extract any valuable resources from Madagascar and project their naval power, with the natives put to work and subject to constant abuse. Among the most valuable luxuries on the island is vanilla, gathered from individual-run farms vulnerable to robberies or plantations guarded by abusive armed guards. Whatever the case, the farmers from both are paid meager wages, while the German industrialists profit from this trade.
• The Famine: The Oil Crisis spells agricultural doom for the colony and famine sets in. This creates a wave of popular unrest that threatens the German colony and requires careful navigation to circumvent.
• Fascist, but Inefficient: The exploitative colonial system set up by the French and Germans in Madagascar has finally reached its last legs, falling into corruption and inefficiency, as the French bureaucrats lax on their duties and the German soldiers brutalize the indigenous people. The whole structure finally collapses onto itself in the Second Malagasy Uprising.
• The Friend Nobody Likes: Already a dumping ground for its exiles, Germany is disinterested in the affairs of Madagascar and while it send volunteers to defeat the Malagasy rebellion, it does not try to retake the island should the German garrison lose.
• Heel–Face Turn: Two Malagasy detectives from the Gendarmerie turn on the Nazis during the Second Malagasy Uprising, after they witness a German garrison use a commander's death as an excuse to start massacring a village. Though wounded, they manage to kill three German soldiers before vanishing.
• Hoist by His Own Petard: The German administration's disdain for the collaborators is one of the driving factors to the police mutiny, as the Germans try to take up their duties and snub them.
• Hypocrite: German propaganda loves to talk about Aryans being self-dependent soldiers and farmers who work the land, even though most of the rural workers in Madagascar are poor Malagasy vanilla farmers.
• Island Base: The primary value of Madagascar for Germany is being a base of operations for the Kriegsmarine, so they can project power into the Indian Ocean and African East Coast. Various Kriegsmarine bases dot the Malagasy coastline and one of the first projects done after the Second Malagasy Uprising is to build a new base in Tuléar.
• It's Quiet… Too Quiet: The police mutiny merely starts with the Malagasy police locking themselves and their equipment within the precincts and going quiet. The French colonial administrators get suspicious about their lack of activity, especially when the first aide sent to investigate does not return and the second one does not see anything from the gates. The French and German soldiers eventually lose their patience and try to force the police to get back to work, but this just starts a firefight and escalates the rebellion into a full-blown war.
• Know When to Fold 'Em: If the Malagasy Rebellion wins the war, the last German base in Madagascar will surrender, accepting that their situation is hopeless. In exchange, they are given mercy and sent back to Ostafrika, walking away with only a disarmed garrison as punishment.
• Laser-Guided Karma: France took over Madagascar in an overthrow of the Merina Kingdom during the Franco-Hovas Wars. After the Second Malagasy Uprising, Germany will do the same thing to them, pressuring or forcing them to hand the island to them.
• Last of His Kind: Madagascar if France's last overseas colonial territory by 1962, a colony which it is destined to lose to either the Germans usurping power or the Malagasy Rebellion liberating their country.
• Make an Example of Them: A German soldier is lynched and left to hang as a rebellious statement during the Second Malagasy Uprising. Unfortunately, the townspeople don't realize the severe consequences they will face for this, as they don't give up any information to the Malagasy detectives trying to find the culprit.
• My Country, Right or Wrong: The Kriegsmarine captain in charge of the blockade is frustrated that command isn't giving him enough ships to carry out the plan, but he sucks it up and does what he is told.
• Naval Blockade: The Kriegsmarine establish a naval blockade around Madagascar in the weeks following the Second Malagasy Uprising, tryin to stop the OFN and CPS from sending military aid to the rebels. However, the Kriegsmarine only have enough ships to protect the main ports and intimidate smugglers; when the smuggling happens anyway, the patrols try to stop them, but they don't have enough resources to do it effectively.
• An Offer You Can't Refuse: After winning the Second Malagasy Uprising and wielding the majority influence, Milch and the German administration force the remaining French governors to sign a treaty, officially ceding Madagascar to Germany in yet another declaration of surrender, which has a forgery of Boisson's signature. The governors are powerless to refuse, as the metropole doesn't support the colony and Germany is already de-facto ruler of the island. Thus, the French colonial forces are dismantled or folded into the Heer, while Milch becomes the German-appointed governor.
• Powder Keg Crowd: During the Oil Crisis, the colony is brought to a halt by strikes against the colonial regime and its abuses. Crowds gather around Milch's palace and are barely contained by military police who will use any act of violence to justify a response against them.
• Proxy War: The Second Malagasy Uprising is a proxy war for the United States and Japan to support the Malagasy rebels and dislodge Germany's influence in the Indian Ocean and Southern Africa. They respectively support the PADESM and the TAFAMA. Even the governing council has private backers with ties to Free France.
• The Quisling: The three French governors who can cede Madagascar to Germany are Pierre Nouailhetas, Armand Annet, and Léon Cayla, who were French colonial governors who sided with the Vichy regime in OTL and this timeline.
• Revolving Door Revolution: Madagascar starts out run by the Vichy French. When the civil war starts, Maurice's Nazis assume direct control. Should they win the civil war, Milch's militarists will stage a coup. Should they lose, Madagascar will become an independent republic.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here:
  • A French postman serving the colony in Tananarive plans to escape Madagascar during the Second Malagasy Uprising, knowing that a German takeover means an end to French rule anyways.
  • If the Malagasy Rebellion takes over the island, the European settlers will flee the island to avoid repercussions.
  • During the potential German coup, the remaining French colonial governors try to flee Madagascar, but their convoy is destroyed by a German tank before they can leave. From there, Milch approaches them and hands them the documents they need to sign, while German soldiers hold them at gunpoint.
• Smug Snake: After the AREMA revolution, the Kriegsmarine try one last marine attack at Diego-Suárez. However, they greatly underestimate the partisans out of their racist beliefs, which bites them when they take a small section of the coast and are almost immediately pinned down and forced to retreat within a few hours. The best they can do from their is a retaliatory bombarding of Diego-Suárez before they withdraw and surrender Madagascar's independence.
• Spark of the Rebellion: The French Malagasy authority was already hanging by a thread in 1963, with an increase in strikes and assassination attempts on colonial administration. But the uprising finally breaks out in March when a police mutiny breaks out in Tananrive, escalating into mass rebellion as sympathizers join them and partisans in the highlands are emboldened to act. Despite wielding outdated firearms, they use their knowledge of the streets to start a firefight with the loyalists and, even if they are defeated, will have sparked a civil war.
• Sunk Cost Fallacy: Even though the colony is a money sink and a hot bed for Malagasy resistance, Germany keeps propping up their regime on the island because it is too useful as a base to project power into the Indian Ocean, so they don't have a choice but to spent more money on it. By the time of the Oil Crisis, Germany is getting apathetic of throwing so much effort into Madagascar and leaves the colony's future up in the air, even if it survives the Oil Crisis.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork:
  • The Germans and French dispute over who really controls the island, with the latter protesting the legality of the former's takeover during the Second Malagasy Uprising. After the Second Malagasy Uprising, this can culminate in a violent and illegal seizure of the island by the Germans.
  • There is an intense rivalry between the Germans and the Malagasy collaborators. After Germany takes over Madagascar, they start pushing these collaborators out of their positions and replacing them with Germans, escalating the tensions.

Pierre Boisson

Role: Governor-General^note Head of State

Party: Départements et régions d'outre-mer^note Overseas departments and regions of France

Ideology: Colonial Government^note Despotism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show} Pierre Boisson is a man haunted by failure. After serving - and losing a leg - in the First World War, Boisson overcame his loss to quickly shoot up the ranks in various colonial administrations in French Africa, from Brazzaville to Dakar. Yet the Second World War would shatter the rising star's dreams.

Facing the onslaught of the Nazi war machine, Boisson swore fealty to the eagle; whether it was to "defend the Empire'' as he claimed, or to escape being swallowed whole, only he may know. Regardless of his motivations, his new career would be marked by constant reshuffling from West Africa to Equatorial Africa and back again until the general strikes of 1948 in Conakry and Dakar forced his hand. Boisson's violent crackdown was the spark that blew the remnants of the French Empire on continental Africa to smithereens. For this sin, the suited men in Paris relegated him to the Einheitspakt’s isolated frontier: Madagascar.

Now, Boisson sits as guardian of an island that is as much his prison as it is for the Malagasy he rules over. While order is kept by the garrison from Germania, all parties are aware to whom their true loyalties lie. Amidst crescendoing tensions with the natives and stewing in a sea of his own failures, Boisson can only hope that when - not if - the seams of Madagascar burst open, he will not be swallowed whole by his mistakes.

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• An Arm and a Leg: Boisson lost his leg in the First World War, which has contributed to his current depression.
• Beneath the Mask: Privately, Boisson is deeply frustrated and stews in his own failures, while trapped in the cage that is Madagascar. He can only hope that the inevitable Malagasy Uprising won't make him suffer an unpleasant fate.
• Dirty Coward: Some suspect that his fealty to Nazi Germany was more so out of cowardice than to "defend the Empire", as he claims.
• Gilded Cage: Boisson considers his assignment in Madagascar to be little more than a prison and punishment for inadvertently leading to the French empire's collapse in Africa.
• The Quisling: The French face for the otherwise German-dominated Madagascar, Boisson swore fealty to the Reich in the face of the Nazi war machine when he was the governor of French West Africa.
• Reassigned to Antarctica: While being shuffled around the African colonies, Boisson commanded a bloody crackdown on the 1948 strikes in Conakry and Dakar, leading to the collapse of France's continental empire. For this catastrophic mistake, the Vichy government sentenced him to govern Madagascar, an unenviable, dead-end position that keeps him far from their important political arenas.
• We Hardly Knew Ye: Boisson is ousted from power shortly after game start, once the Second Malagasy Rebellion starts and Germany assumes direct control over the French colonial administration.

Emil Maurice

Role: Reichskommissar for Madagascar^note Head of State (Malagasy Rebellion)

Party: Generalbüro für Madagassische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for Malagasy Affairs

Ideology: Technocratic Nazism^note National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Amidst the wreckage of Tuléar and the flames engulfing Madagascar, Emil Maurice wonders where it all went wrong.

Close friend to the Führer himself, Maurice had a relatively good life before the war. Having served in the SA during the Kampfzeit before being made #2 of the SS and promoted to Hitler's permanent chauffeur, it came as a shock when his Jewish heritage was revealed, and despite his quick proclamation as an honorary Aryan, by the time the Reich's shadow had fallen across all Europe, few wished to keep such a man in Germania. In order to keep Hitler's ear clean of any wormed tongues, the "royal advisor" was kicked upstairs to oversee the French-owned territory of Madagascar under the vestige of the "Militärkommission von Madagaskar"— a position no man wanted.

Maurice's fears were all but confirmed upon touching down in Tananarive, as his apathy grew in equal volume to the protests against colonial rule. Now, facing total revolution, the chickens of indifference have come home to roost, and with the MvM as the last line of defense for the European order on the island, the thoughts running through Maurice's head have become a single cry: "How do I get out of this alive?"

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• Ain't Too Proud to Beg: Whenever he is threatened or about to meet his maker, Maurice pathetically begs for his life each time.
• Alas, Poor Villain: Emil Maurice never wanted his position, originally being a loyal member of the SS and a personal friend of Hitler. However, his Jewish ancestry caused the SS to agitate for his removal, resulting in Hitler giving him the position to get him out of the way. The situation has left Maurice quite depressed. The suffering and disrespect he goes through reaches a climax when Maurice defects to the United States and is caught trying to flee to Mexico, where he's reduced to a blubbering mess when he's threatened with torture.
• Assassin Outclassin': Maurice can survive the Abwehr's assassination attempts on him.
  • Camped near the D.F. Malan Airport in South Africa, the Abwehr fails to shoot down his plane with an AA gun because they are attacked by counterterrorist units opening fire on their rooftop. An Abwehr agent tries to make a lucky shot on the vessel in the midst of the chaos, but he misses.
  • In Mexico, Maurice is rushed by an Abwehr agent while they are standing on a balcony. In a panic, Maurice throws his glass of champagne in the assassin's fat, cutting and blinding him enough that he can't shoot accurately. The agent ends up charging into Maurice and tossing them both from the balcony, killing the former and leaving the latter with broken ribs and legs.
• Authority in Name Only: Maurice commands almost no authority and it's barely a dramatic development when Milch ousts him. Tellingly, German takes over the colony before Germania even gives the order because Milch takes the initiative himself, while Maurice panics over his fate in this scenario and gets a retroactive phone call to approve Milch's moves. If the Second Malagasy Uprising is still ongoing by Hitler's death, Maurice has virtually no protection from being friends with the Führer and is immediately placed under house arrest in a coup by Milch.
• Beneath Notice: Subverted in his flight to Mexico. He hopes to settle down somewhere rural and isolated, but the best he can find is an apartment in Mazatlán, a bustling, tourist-filled city that gives the CIA and Abwehr a chance to get him.
• Boom, Headshot!: An Abwehr agent can assassinate Maurice in Mazatlán by shooting him in the heat with a sniper, a few hundred meters away. The agent hopes that the bullet made him suffer a bit rather than give him a painless death.
• Butt-Monkey: Maurice suffers all sorts of abuse from being almost hated by everyone.
  • Nobody in Madagascar really respects Maurice and the Paktkommission replaces him with Milch, if the Second Malagasy Uprising is crushed swiftly. Even if the Second Malagasy Uprising is still ongoing by Hitler's death, Milch will unceremoniously depose Maurice and have him put on house arrest.
  • Maurice finds some luck in a successful escape from his house arrest and naval trip to South Africa, but the German authorities try to order an assassination attempt on him.
  • Even if he successfully links up with the CIA agents and defects to the United States, Maurice is put to a second house arrest in California, only afforded the most basic amenities and kept under 24/7 surveillance. It's unbearable enough for Maurice to run away again to Mexico.
  • If intercepted by the Americans in Mexico, Maurice is bagged and questioned in a shipping container in Cuba, with his interrogator threatening to have him tortured by a few Cubans if he doesn't comply and unsympathetically dismissing his pleas for mercy.
  • Maurice can be assassinated by the Abwehr in his Mazatlán apartment, just as he starts thinking about how good his life has become.
  • After the multiple attempt on his life or capture, Maurice will appeal to the Japanese embassy for asylum and offer them information on Germany. However, the Japanese ambassador to Mexico and his aide mirthlessly and mockingly laugh at his over-practiced appeal and bow. At best, they'll just stick him in Manchuria. At worst, they'll deny his request.
• Cathartic Scream: After Milch's preemptive coup, a scared Maurice tries to drink and scream into a pillow to calm his nerves, to no avail. It is only after Germania's retroactive confirmation of the transition that Maurice regains his composure and tries to assure himself that a more competent administration will be made.
• Defiant to the End: Subverted. Maurice gives nothing more than a whimper if Milch overthrows him and places him under custody, already broken in morale after reminiscing an old letter from the late Hitler.
• Didn't Think This Through: Following his house arrest, Maurice resolves to defect to the OFN and live a peaceful life in the United States. By the time he escapes Madagascar and boards a flight out of South Africa, Maurice realizes too late that he never considered where he will settle in the United States: the rural south is too isolated for his tastes and the northeast has a high population density and a good chance that someone will attack him for being a Nazi.
• Exhausted Eye Bags: By the time Maurice arrives in South Africa, he is disheveled and has eye bags from the exhaustion of escaping Madagascar and his unceremonious and constant questioning by the CIA.
• Extreme Doormat: Maurice has no vigor or energy left in him. When Milch overthrows him and sends him into house-arrest, Maurice can only meekly protest and whimper as he's being dragged away.
• Face Death with Despair: If caught by the Abwehr in South Africa, Maurice will be shot in the arm while trying to reach for the panic room door, thrown into a chain, and shot in the chest just when he starts to beg for his life.
• Gilded Cage: After being overthrown in Madagascar, Maurice can turn himself in to CIA agents and taken to California for questioning. However, this new life is hardly free for him, as he's still kept under house-arrest and surveilled 24 hours a day.
• Hated by All: The only person who likes him is Hitler, which is the only reason why the other Nazis can't punish him for his Jewish ancestry. No matter what happens in Madagascar, Maurice is bound to lose his position to Milch, either from the Paktkommission or a coup. When Maurice escapes his house arrest and flees to South Africa in the latter scenario, the German intelligence has no problem trying to assassinate him for his defection.
• Hidden Depths: During his time in Mazatlán, Maurice sees a father and son working on a car together, which reminds him of his former career as a watchmaker and gets him to consider picking up the trade again.
• I Should Write a Book About This: During his flight from Madagascar, Maurice writes an autobiography about his adventure. In his exile in Mazatlán, he thinks about turning it into a book that could become a bestseller.
• Kicked Upstairs: To ensure that Hitler's reputation wouldn't be marred from his friendship with a Jew, the Nazi higher-ups promoted Maurice to "Militärkommission von Madagaskar", a worthless rank that sentences him to govern the hopeless colony of Madagascar.
• A Lighter Shade of Black: Maurice is still a Nazi and a member of the SS, but is more apathetic than anything, wishing he was not in Madagascar while others such as Milch are far more vicious and brutal than Maurice's apathetic violence and oppression.
• Once Done, Never Forgotten: Germany does not forget Maurice's attempt to defect to the United States. If their first assassination attempt in South Africa fails, they'll still try again when he flees to Mexico.
• Properly Paranoid: After defecting to the OFN, Maurice is rightfully cautious about Germany's plans to assassinate him, even when he boards a flight out of South Africa and calms down a little.
• Punch-Clock Villain: While Maurice is a Nazi and a lifelong member of the SS, he's portrayed as being far less vicious and ideologically-driven than his compatriots, having joined the SS when it was merely Hitler's bodyguards instead of a paramilitary death squad.
• Reluctant Ruler: Maurice deeply dislikes his posting in Madagascar and largely rules with increasing apathy. It takes the Second Malagasy Uprising to strike fear into his heart and motivate a plan to leave Madagascar with his life.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here:
  • With no allies in Germany after Hitler's death and the possibility of being killed for his ancestry, Maurice escapes his house arrest early in the morning and steals a medium-sized boat to go to South Africa. There, he is passed around various South African agencies before being handed to the CIA.
  • After potentially finding some safety under the CIA, Maurice comes to regret his new house arrest in California and the constant surveillance, so he escapes again by driving a truck to the Mexican border, abandoning it to avoid recognition, and walk through the desert for a city where he can claim asylum.
  • Due to the repeated attempts to kidnap or assassinate him, Maurice leaves Mexico and requests asylum by the Japanese embassy, promising them intel on Germany if they accept.
• Short-Lived Leadership: Maurice's leadership of the German forces in Madagascar is destined to end by November 1963. If Germany defeats the Malagasy Rebellion, the Paktkommission will replace him with Milch. If the conflict is still ongoing by the time window, Maurice is placed under house arrest and Milch becomes de facto leader anyways.
• Tempting Fate:
  • Right before he is going to be assassinated by the Abwehr in South Africa, Maurice looks around his countryside locale and the CIA guards, feeling confident that he's successfully defected from the Reich and lived to tell the tale.
  • Likewise, Maurice's assassination in Mexico by the Abwehr is preceded by Maurice tinkering with a memoir and enjoying the sunset, mistakenly thinking that he's in the clear before getting a bullet to the skull.
• Throw the Dog a Bone: For how much abuse he goes through by his fellow Nazis and even when he successfully defects to the United States, Maurice catches something of a break when he flees to Mexico and the CIA fail to kidnap him. By sheer coincidence, the two CIA agents who see him in Mazatlán get run over by the oncoming traffic, injuring the driver and killing the two men. Maurice doesn't even realize that he's just been saved and merely walks away to avoid being recognized.
• Uncertain Doom: If Maurice is denied asylum by Japan, he practically disappears off the face of the Earth. A lot of speculation and conspiracy theories run amok about his fate and the intelligence agencies of all three superpowers continue the fruitless search to save face before independently closing the cold case. Maurice is never found again to the public's knowledge and his legacy is that of a historical oddity.
• Villainous Friendship: Despite not seeing the Führer for years since his assignment to Madagascar, Maurice still mourns his passing, reminiscing their long history and friendship together. It's also the only thing protecting him from repercussions; if the Second Malagasy Uprising is ongoing by the time Hitler dies, Maurice can no longer hide behind his friendship with the late Führer and is put under house arrest.
• Waking Up Elsewhere: After the failed assassination attempt on him in Mexico, Maurice survives his fall from a balcony and wakes up in a hospital to recover his broken ribs and legs. Fortunately for Maurice, the police questioning the event don't recognize him.
• You Are a Credit to Your Race: When his Jewish ancestry was uncovered, Maurice was granted status as an "honorary Aryan", though this did little to stop his colleagues from discriminating him, sending him to Madagascar, and possibly putting him under house arrest.
• You Can't Go Home Again: Knowing he can never return back home, Maurice misses Germany terribly and is deeply miserable with his situation. Even if he is evacuated by the CIA, Maurice's prospects don't get any better, as he is either executed or put into house arrest for the atrocities he committed under the Nazi regime.

Erhard Milch

Role: Military Commander, Reichskommissar for Madagascar^note Head of State (German Civil War outbreak)

Party: Generalbüro für Madagassische Angelegenheiten^note General Bureau for Malagasy Affairs, Paktkommission für Madagassische Angelegenheiten^note Pact Commission for Malagasy Affairs (Second Malagasy Uprising victory)

Ideology: Stratocratic Nazism^note National Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}One of the primary architects of the Luftwaffe, Field Marshal Erhard Milch, now finds himself as the de facto leader of the German military forces on the island of Madagascar, a remarkable fall from grace for a man once seen as one of Reichsmarshall Göring’s closest supporters. Following the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, Milch was made the State Secretary for the Reich Ministry of Aviation, overseeing the development of new aircraft for the nascent Luftwaffe before being bestowed the office of Inspector-General of the Luftwaffe in 1939.

During the War, Milch added the position of Generalluftzeugmeister to his litany of offices following the suicide of Ernst Udet in November 1941, placing him in charge of the Luftwaffe’s aircraft production and logistics, and was further nominated to the newly established Central Planning Board by Göring in April 1942. Serving alongside Albert Speer for the duration of the body’s existence, Milch saw success in increasing Germany’s total aircraft output, albeit with some sacrifices in quality, and continued to hold his positions with little to no issue for the remainder of the 1940s and early 1950s. Conflict, however, emerged between him and the Reichsmarshall with the stagnation of the Luftwaffe as a force in the mid-1950s, and would culminate in Göring stripping him of his offices, with him only remaining in the Luftwaffe due to his wartime connections with Albert Speer, who, as a personal confidant of Hitler, managed to convince the Führer to retain Milch as a Field Marshal, albeit with no assignments or duties.\n\nNot wanting his former subordinate to cozy up with any rival political factions in an attempt to oust or outmaneuver him, Göring would manage to secure Milch’s assignment to the semi-important post as the head of the Militärkommission von Madagaskar, where he would be primarily responsible for the organization and maintenance of the Luftwaffe’s nuclear bombers in the Indian Ocean. To some, this position would seem a little too powerful for a disgraced Field Marshal, but nonetheless, it did its job in keeping Milch away from Germany.

With the outbreak of the Malagasy Revolt seeing the GMA assume total control over the vestigial colonial government, Milch was left as the highest-ranking military official on the island, in charge of coordinating the response to rebellion under the nominal control of the weak-willed Emil Maurice, who himself would be placed under de facto house-arrest following the death of Adolf Hitler. Now, as the revolt proceeds into a new phase, Milch seeks to deliver one more victory for the Reich so that he can return from his virtual exile in good standing with the government and hopefully retire to live out his remaining days in peace.

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• Anti-Mutiny: Perceiving Maurice as too weak to properly lead the German remnants, Milch overthrows him in a coup when the German Civil War breaks out and the Second Malagasy Uprising is still ongoing, assembling his forces to bring the island under the Nazi heel and immediately enslaving the indigenous Malagasy to produce their munitions.
• Bad Boss: Milch is a short-tempered boss, which becomes readily apparent when the Oil Crisis hits and the bureaucrats keep giving him bad news of lost shipments and native attacks.
• Boomerang Bigot: His own father was Jewish and he naturally inherited that ancestry, yet he's fully supportive of the Nazi regime anyway.^note Technically, he wouldn't be considered Jewish by the Halakha (Jewish Law) because it states that one could only inherit that background if they had a Jewish mother instead, but it's a moot point.
• The Coup: If the French colonists retain their administrative and financial influence after the Second Malagasy Uprising, they will refuse to hand over their colony to Germany. Thus, Milch organizes a coup to take power forcefully, with German and French soldiers fighting each other and the Germans bombing the last remaining French administrative centers.
• The Determinator: Milch will see Madagascar turned into a German colony and will do anything to realize it, whether it means couping Maurice and the French authorities or putting down the Oil Crisis riots. When open rebellion occurs in the latter, Milch pridefully refuses to back down, angrily proclaiming that the island will be Germany's and stabbing a map of Madagascar when he's asked how he will get the resources to fight back.
• Drowning My Sorrows: [[spoiler:In wake of the Oil Crisis and subsequent famine and unrest, Milch tries to calm his nerves by drinking alcohol, but it fails to alleviate his concerns that he'll fail to navigate the crisis and get ousted because of it.
• General Ripper: Milch has zero mercy for traitors and villagers who would dare oppose the German occupation, responding to any opposition with brute military force. He reasons that the natives will never give up their arms, so the Germans should use any anti-partisan tool to their disposal.
• How the Mighty Have Fallen: Milch was once a highly prominent figure in Germany, responsible for the development of the Luftwaffe among other important leadership positions during the war^note Milch started off as State Secretary for the Reich Ministry of Aviation in 1933 where he oversaw the development of new aircraft before being appoint as Inspector-General of the Luftwaffe in 1939. During the war he was also take up the positions of Generalluftzeugmeister in 1941, placing him in charge of aircraft production and logistics, and member of the Central Planning Board from 1942 onwards. He continued to hold these positions throughout the 40's and early 50's., but has since fallen out of grace and relegated to overseeing the German military forces in Madagascar.
• In the End, You Are on Your Own: The final obstacle facing Milch at the end of the first decade is the Oil Crisis protests, who threaten to overthrow him and the colony. However, he's left to handle this alone because, even if Germania agrees to support him, the shipments are delayed by months and he will have to ration whatever resources he has on hand.
• Karmic Death: If the AREMA revolution happens, Milch will be executed at the hands of the Malagasy he enslaved and oppressed for a decade. Milch is Killed Mid-Sentence when AREMA soldiers infiltrate his panic room and decide on what his last words should be.
• Kick the Dog: He takes pride in seeing various AKFM members hung publicly at a hotel repurposed as a temporary garrison headquarters, thinking that this is how all Malagasy partisans should be treated.
• Never My Fault: Even when AREMA are about to overthrow his regime and start shelling his governing palace, Milch refuses to accept any responsibility for the situation he finds himself in. Instead, he curses the German ruling bodies of the island and Germania for appointing him to Madagascar in the first place.
• Oh, Crap!: Milch reacts with despair when Madagascar's exports plummet during the Oil Crisis and a famine hits the island. He knows it will be a struggle to equip the garrison and prepare for an uprising.
• Pet the Dog: If the German loyalists win in Madagascar, Milch will repay Neuschwabenland's assistance by sending a ship of supplies to them during the German Civil War, even though most of his own resources are tied up with the partisan guerrillas.
• Politically Incorrect Villain: Befitting a Nazi. He dismisses Maurice as a Jew and deems the Malagasy rebels as "apes flinging their shit everywhere".
• Pragmatic Villainy: [[spoiler:Milch may adopt a relatively restrained defensive strategy against the Oil Crisis protests because the garrison is low on supplies and men, so it would be preferrable to fortify in Tamatave and prepare for a counterattack.]
• Pyrrhic Victory: [[spoiler:Even if Milch perseveres through the Oil Crisis, the cost of such a victory has brought ruin to Madagascar, with estimations claiming that it will take a decade, at minimum, to bring the country back to pre-Oil Crisis levels of production. Germania is deeply unhappy with this development, with some suggesting that they should abandon the colony, which worries Milch about his about his own future.
• Rape, Pillage, and Burn: His preferred strategy against the Oil Crisis protests is to let the garrison run loose on the country, compensating their lack of supplies and manpower by using terror, pillaging what they can, and putting down rebellions along the way.
• Reassigned to Antarctica: Downplayed. Blamed for the stagnation of the Luftwaffe in the 1950's, Milch was reassigned by Göring to Madagascar, where he would have to manage the Luftwaffe's nuclear bombers in the Indian Ocean. It keeps him away from German politics, but for a supposed punishment, it gives him a lot more power than it should.
• Refuge in Audacity: After defeating the Second Malagasy Uprising, Milch will take a victory tour of the island and meet all of the garrisons, even those in the east coast, where German control is weaker. It's all about projecting strength for Milch and he gets away with it.
• The Starscream: In case Hitler dies before the Second Malagasy Uprising is over, Milch will betray and overthrow Maurice to take the reins himself, locking his former boss into house arrest.
• Superior Successor: Compared to the weak-willed Maurice, Milch is far more aggressive and devoted to the Nazi cause. This culminates in him replacing Maurice as leader of the German loyalists, either by official appointment by the Paktkommission (when the Second Malagasy Uprising is quashed) or by a coup against Maurice (when Hitler dies and the Second Malagasy Uprising is ongoing).
• Villain with Good Publicity: Downplayed. Milch is hailed as a hero within Germany for securing Madagascar, given a parade through the Brandenburg Gate and a congratulatory speech from the Führer. However, the Führer still gives him a Whispered Threat reminding Milch that he will be watched and that his Jewish ancestry will be exposed, if he messes up.
• Villainous Friendship: After his falling out with Göring, the only reason why Milch stayed in the Luftwaffe was because of his friendship with Speer, who convinced Hitler to keep him as Field Marshal.
• We Used to Be Friends: Milch used to be one of Göring's closest allies, helping him build the Luftwaffe and being nominated to the Central Planning Board by Göring in 1942. However, their relationship fell apart during the 1950's, as Milch was blamed for the Luftwaffe's stagnation and Göring stripped Milch of all his positions. It was only Milch's connection to Speer that he was kept as a Field Marshal, though Göring still got the last laugh by reassigning Milch to Madagascar and depriving his support of one of his rivals.
• You Are in Command Now: With Germany's control in Madagascar relegated to only the urban areas, Milch is left as highest-ranking military official left on the island and finally given command of the loyalists after Hitler's death and Maurice's house-arrest.
• You Can't Go Home Again: His arguments with Göring led to his implied exile to Madagascar, in which he hopes to return home and retire in peace by returning Madagascar to the Einheitspakt's fold. He does get to return to Germania if he wins the Second Malagasy Uprising, but Milch feels an element of sadness that this will probably be the last time he sees home again, since the only possibility of revisiting Germany is losing control of Madagascar and facing severe repercussions for it.
• You Have Failed Me: When Maurice escapes his house arrest, Milch arrests all of the guards who were supposed to keep an eye on him and failed that task.

Malagasy Rebellion

^{Flag of the Malagasy Republic}

^{Flag of the Republic of Madagascar}

^{Flag of the Democratic Republic of Madagascar (AFKM)}

^{Flag of the Democratic Republic of Madagascar (AREMA)}

Official Name: Malagasy Rebellion, Malagasy Republic (TAFAMA), Republic of Madagascar (PADESM), Democratic Republic of Madagascar (AFKM/AREMA)

Ruling Party: Police Mutiny

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism

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• Les Collaborateurs: Downplayed. While the PADESM are fighting for Madagascar's independence, many of their members are Francophiles and continue to work with Free France in their colonial refuge in West Africa.
• Contempt Crossfire: PADESM is looked down upon by the other two main Malagasy parties for being too tolerant of socialism and conservatism at once. It also doesn't help that many of their members are Francophiles who view the colonial period with rose-tinted glasses. The enmity is reciprocated, as PADESM views the other two as radicals who create too much chaos for their tastes.
• Dawn of an Era: The Rebellion's victory in the Second Malagasy Uprising will bring an end to the century of colonial domination on the island and pave the way for an independent Malagasy nation.
• Divided We Fall:
  • TAFAMA is destined to collapse due to internal bickering. If the PADESM wins the post-war power struggle, TAFAMA falls apart and recedes into history. If the TAFAMA wins, the various factions will still fight each other, despite Andriamahazo's best efforts to keep them together, leading to an election that either maintains Andriamahazo's provisional government or delegate power to one of three candidates who begin a transition to democracy.
  • The constitutional convention can end disastrously if neither the PADESM or TAFAMA have a clear majority, with fierce debates over the role of the executive, the checks-and-balances, and even something as minor as the date to announce their independence. This creates the conditions for the AKFM to storm to power, as the Malagasy people run out of patience.
• Enemy Mine:
  • They receive support from the OFN and the Sphere during the Malagasy rebellion, since they present a prime opportunity to expel the German influence from the island. If the rebellion is victorious, more than a few Malagasy politicians voice their suspicions regarding America and Japan's ulterior motives and how they have no real concern for their interests. In fact, it's a common insult among the PADESM and TAFAMA that the other is selling out to their respective imperialist backer.
  • In particular, the AKFM can receive support from the OFN and CPS, despite their conflicting interests. The potential backers hope that they will be useful in the fight against Germany and waste the AKFM's manpower so that their preferred factions can better influence the post-war reconstruction.
  • Even within the Rebellion itself, the PADESM, TAFAMA, and AKFM are aggressively opposed to one another. They only set aside their differences for as long as they need to liberate Madagascar from European colonialism, since only a united front is strong enough to achieve this.
• The Famine: Madagascar is badly hit by the Oil Crisis because it has no natural oil deposits and the prices of basic goods, at minimum, triple. This leads to famines in parts of the country, motivating massive unrest from students who want political change and farmers who struggle to make ends meet. Worse still, it feeds the AREMA's agitation for a revolution, which can only be stemmed if the government comes to a deal with the protest dealers and hands out cheap fertilizers to stabilize the agricultural situation, first int he government strongholds and then to the rural areas.
• Fireworks of Victory: If the Malagasy Rebellions wins the uprising, Tananarive is filled with celebrations and Madagascar's independence is punctuated with a firework show. While there is much to rebuild, the fireworks represent the rebels' determination that they will see this through.
• Friendly Enemy: An American and Japanese agent are sent to aid the Malagasy Rebellion, where they share beers and stories about their countries on the night that Madagascar officially declares independence and the last of the Germans forces have been beaten. Their respective countries may continue to bicker over who influences Madagascar, but the two men savor the moment and observe the celebrations from a quiet Tananarive bar.
• Grin of Audacity: An AKFM insurgent in the eastern jungles smiles with satisfaction when he learns that the Second Malagasy Uprising has begun, knowing that the chance to liberate Madagascar has begun, even if there is a chance that the Germans can win.
• History Repeats:
  • The Second Malagasy Uprising follows the footsteps of the first as an anti-colonialist uprising trying to establish an independent Madagascar. On a more dour note, the Second Malagasy Uprising can also end in a similar failure.
  • Exploited as political rhetoric.
    • AKFM members criticize TAFAMA as doormats who will turn Madagascar over to another European power because they can't fix the country themselves, restarting the cycle of colonization.
    • Members of TAFAMA accuse the AKFM of following the footsteps of Bukharin and Moumié, warning that they are bound to repeat their mistakes.
• Hope Spot: When Madagascar first made contact with Arab and European trades, the coastal kingdoms of the island thrived, in which the Merina kingdom would unite the island for the first time in history. Unfortunately, this did not save Madagascar from being colonized by France, though the memory of the Merina kingdom is still a source of inspiration for the Malagasy people and invoked by TAFAMA nationalists.
• Know When to Fold 'Em: Zig-Zagged, if the TAFAMA wins the constitutional convention. Many members of the PADESM will sign along because they want to preserve the peace, despite knowing that they are politically doomed and that it would allow the TAFAMA to create their autocratic state. However, others refuse to accept and demand a recount, refusing to accept the hopelessness of the situation. Still, it doesn't stop the constitution from being sworn in by the TAFAMA-aligned judges and the resigned PADESM members are given five minutes to vacate before they are kicked out by security.
• Lemony Narrator: Some military officials back the Malagasy rebels and board a vessel in international waters, discussing if they should support the AKFM. Meanwhile, the narrator of the event repeatedly and cheekily asserts that they are not conspiring with the Malagasy rebels, even when they clearly are.
• Leonine Contract: In the PADESM or TAFAMA path, the government will struggle to contain the rising Oil Crisis unrest, so they appeal to their superpower backers for help, even if this means giving a one-sided deal of increased military bases, radar stations, and foreign investments without regulation. However, the superpowers may decide not spend any more resources on their regime and leave their Malagasy allies to handle the crisis themselves.
• Made in Country X: If either superpower can get an independent Madagascar into their sphere, the United States and Japan can benefit from their natural resources:
  • For the United States, the Madagascar Trade Association advertises the products from Malagasy luxuries, such as vanilla for housewives or titanium and cobalt for American aircraft production.
  • For Japan, a mother buys her son an ice cream, a sushi maker uses a knife, a Japanese expatriate in Guangdong buys his daughter a necklace, and a crew of Manchurian workers build an aircraft. Respectively, these products were made from Madagascar vanilla, nickel, jewels, and titanium and cobalt.
• Meet the New Boss: Under more pro-American or pro-Japanese Malagasy leaders, Madagascar can become open to neocolonial, foreign exploitation, barely a step-up from the open colony run by the Nazis.
• Multiple Identity IDs: To support the Second Malagasy Uprising, a Japanese agents swaps through multiple identities to get to Madagascar discreetly, being a stowaway on a ship to Shonan-to, taking a flight to Mumbai, and proceeding to Madagascar through a bribed Indian official.
• Noble Tongue: French is still used by members of the National Assembly, which is a major source of controversy to the public. If the Oil Crisis protests are negotiated with, one of the conditions is that native Malagasy is used during the talks.
• Not in This for Your Revolution: Many of the Malagasy rebels do not fight for a particular ideology, but to strike back against their abusive colonial oppressors.
• Occupiers Out of Our Country: The Republic of Madagascar is made up of indigenous Malagasy fighting to expel the Nazi German forces from their island.
• Oh, Crap!:
  • The central government reacts with horror when AREMA guerrillas takes over Ankerika during the Oil Crisis, redistribute their resources, and exile the government officials to Antsohihy. Realizing that they are rapidly losing control of the situation to the rural revolts, they once again ask for help from their superpower benefactor.
  • During the Oil Crisis, a group of protestors in Tananarive are surrounded by riot police and they try to break through the cordon. However, they come to a horrifying revelation when they read the text on their shields and realize that it is not written in Malagasy or French, suggesting that they have just gotten better riot equipment.
• Patience Plot: A Malagasy fisherman uses his small fishing boat to send weapons to the rebels, using the vessel's small size to bypass radar and aircraft looking for smugglers. Getting by the blockade is a patient matter of waiting hours for patrolling Kriegsmarine ships to leave and give an opening to slip through.
• The Purge:
  • After securing power in the constitutional convention, the TAFAMA will have the PADESM banned under the pretense that they were a colonial organization, mere moments after they passed a nationalistic constitution with an empowered executive.
  • The AKFM purges most of their opposition by exiling or imprisoning them. Members of the constitutional convention are escorted out in chains as the AKFM take their place.
• Rag Tag Bunch Of Misfits: The AKFM is a homegrown socialist movement developed in a hostile colony. As such, it had to scrounge up support wherever it could, uniting people of diverse interests and backgrounds. If the AKFM takes power, the factionalism turns to infighting, as the central committee decides their leader.
• Reaction Shot: The opening event to the Second Malagasy Uprising features the reactions of a French colonial settlers, a PADESM advisors, A TAFAMA soldier, and an AKFM soldier.
• Reclaimed by Nature: After the Second Malagasy Uprising, an event will play to introduce the geological history of Madagascar and how humanity brought ruin to its naturel environment. However, it also shows that the ecosystem has started recovering from the war, with unique Malagasy animals making home to the former battlefields. It ends with the wreckages fading into the past, as the environment heals and lives on, despite the many future wars to come.
• La Résistance:
  • The Malagasy people have been waging a guerilla war against the Reichskommissariat and their oppressive rule. Once French Madagascar collapses, they rise up under the leadership of Andriamahazo.
  • In any scenario where the AKFM does not take power, the Malagasy communists will reorganize into the AREMA, carrying out a guerrilla war to overthrow either the Germans, PADESM, or TAFAMA.
• Revolving Door Revolution: After overthrowing the Germans and French in the Second Malagasy Uprising, the newly independent Madagascar can be subject to more regime changes within the following years:
  • If the PADESM wins the power struggle and Raseta is elected, the OFN can back a military coup to overthrow him, fearing his friendly relations with Japan.
  • If the TAFAMA and PADESM preserve their democracy, the Oil Crisis will destabilize their regimes and possibly lead to a socialist revolution, as their foreign backers are too overstretched to help them.
• Screw This, I'm Outta Here: The most prominent Malagasy politicians and bureaucrats will flee Madagascar in case of an AREMA revolution, having lost everything on the island.
• Snarking Thanks: A Malagasy fisherman and smuggler sarcastically thanks the Kriegsmarine for their blockade, since he can get paid more money by his shadowy clients and suppliers to aid the Malagasy Rebellion.
• Spark of the Rebellion:
  • The Second Malagasy Uprising starts from a small police mutiny, before escalating into total anarchy on the island.
  • In the midst of the Oil Crisis protests, the government can carry out a brutal suppression of a farmer's protest in Toliara, killing at least a dozen people injuring dozens more. The outrage it inspires gives AREMA the momentum to recruit more members, even from the police force, into their ranks and overthrow the government.
• Talking through Technique: In the leadup to the Second Malagasy Uprising, a police officer, secretly a TAFAMA mole, goes to a café and fills out a crossword in a newspaper with encoded messages describing their situation. The newspaper is taken by a waitress, passed to a mechanic, and then passed to a handler who takes notes of what was said and sends out the untranslated message on a radio in morse code.
• Take a Third Option: TAFAMA and PADESM are the largest Malagasy rebellion factions and will fight for control of Madagascar after their rebellion succeeds. But if they get into a deadlock in the constitutional convention, the AKFM will use the crisis to seize power, upon which the central committee of the AKFM will decide the nature of the new socialist republic and who should lead it.
• Taking Up the Mantle:
  • The TAFAMA inherits the legacy of the MDRM, which led the First Malagasy Uprising. Many soldiers and revolutionaries from the latter joined the TAFAMA, having been funded and trained by Japan.
  • If Germany wins the Second Malagasy Uprising or if they do not take power, the AKFM fades into irrelevance. However, many former members of the AKFM will form a successor organization in AREMA, becoming the new predominant socialist movement in Madagascar and a strong party of resistance, in case of a German victory. Unlike the AKFM, AREMA has a more tightly controlled party line focused on nationalism and Marxism.
• Teeth-Clenched Teamwork: The Malagasy movement is made up three nationalist organizations, united in fighting for independence against the Nazis, but otherwise deeply divided on everything else. TAFAMA are the most nationalistic and backed by Japan, PADESM is the most democratic-minded and backed by America, and AKFM is the relatively smaller socialist faction. Once the Malagasy Rebellion is won, they will form a governing council to make way for a constitutional convention, which will inevitably turn into a power struggle.
• Time for Plan B: The Malagasy Rebellion hoped to takeover the island in a relatively bloodless police coup, but this doesn't go quite as planned and the country instead falls into anarchy. Reading atop a crate of American weapons, a PADESM political advisor expresses frustration that they have missed their plan and they'll have to go with the backup: take over Madagascar in a bloody civil war.
• Video Game Cruelty Potential: A more autocratic President may have to resort to violence if their superpower backer does not send help to stop the Oil Crisis protests. After modernizing their armed forces, soldiers are sent to crack down the dissidents in a one-sided battle, as the latter only uses outdated, looted French and German equipment. Despite the anger it invokes, these methods can work and exhaust the protestors into submission.
• You Cannot Kill An Idea: No matter how many times France crushes a Malagasy uprising throughout the late nineteenth century, the idea of an independent Madagascar will keep cropping up and fuel the next rebellion. Even when the Malagasy insurgents are defeated in the Second Malagasy Uprising, AREMA will continue the anti-colonialist insurgency, potentially succeeding in the Oil Crisis, where they end German rule and declare an independent republic.
• You Have Outlived Your Usefulness: A Japanese agent is taken to Madagascar by an Indian crew. When the task is done, the crew are killed by Malagasy "pirates" who have been sent to pick up the agent and need to leave no witnesses.

Gilles Andriamahazo

Role: Head of State

Party: Police Mutiny, Tafika'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara^note Madagascar Independence Army (TAFAMA victory), Independent (TAFAMA collapse), Military Rule (Self-coup)

Ideology: Interim Government^note Despotism, Provisional Government^note Paternalism (TAFAMA victory), Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism (TAFAMA collapse), Military Junta^note Despotism (Self-coup)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}This is not Gilles Andriamahazo's first war, not at all. Years ago, when the French empire that had once conquered Madagascar fell over like a wet blanket under the pressure of the German Reich, he was an officer in the French Army. But that commission was ended perforce; Andriamahazo was no fool, to expect that things would improve now that the Free French had been supplanted by a lot of Pétainists and their German puppet masters. Indeed, he was right - and he cursed high and low that his predictions were so accurate.

The French cowards fled to Paris or their walled compounds in Tananarive, and the colonial government deteriorated into the very model of inefficiency. Outside the French palaces, Hitlerites did to Madagascar what they are doing in Europe: lording it over the people, and engaging in random acts of violence to sate their degenerate urges. It made sense; they had come to Madagascar for a port, and were yet to profit from being away from their frigid hellhole of a home.

How much longer could the Malagasy people tolerate this? After the first failed revolt in 1947, there came a rise in nationalist sentiment all through the 1950s. The new decade dawned and saw Andriamahazo appointed head of the local police-and, eventually, leader of the independence movement and the bearer of the hope of the Malagasy people.

Therefore, with the souls of the old monarchs of Madagascar as their witnesses, General Gilles Andriamahazo and the Malagasy people have resolved: either Madagasikara in its fullness shall become Tsiazombazaha, or it will become the grave of all its people.

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• Because You Were Nice to Me: The first motion he passes in the TAFAMA's National Assembly is to comment the CPS for their support of African anti-colonial struggles, beginning the application to get Madagascar into the alliance.
• Cincinnatus: Subverted. If Andriamahazo's provisional government survives the TAFAMA's collapse, he will perform a self-coup and establish a military junta that will persist from the rest of the decade and right through the Oil Crisis.
• Les Collaborateurs: Andriamahazo serves as an officer in the French Army and head of the local police, despite being a native Malagasy.
• The Determinator: Andriamahazo fought previously in the first revolt for Malagasy independence in 1947 and is determined to fulfill the failed ambitions of the first revolt once the second Malagasy rebellion breaks out.
• Hope Bringer: With the Malagasy people unable to tolerate the German and French oppression against them, they put their hopes in Andriamahazo to liberate them.
• Military Coup: The TAFAMA will inevitably collapse when they take power, but Andriamahazo may keep his position by performing a self-coup and creating a military junta with himself as its leader.
• Rebel Leader: Andriamahazo leads the Malagasy nationalists during the Second Malagasy Uprising, having started a police mutiny.
• Short-Lived Leadership: Zig-Zagged. In his first reign, Andriamahazo briefly controls the Malagasy Rebellion before TAFAMA consolidates itself and power is given to the Governing Council of Madagascar, holding a constitutional convention that can give power to the PADESM or AKFM. Even if TAFAMA takes charge, Andriamahazo will be put in charge of a provisional government and watch the TAFAMA collapse, casting a chance that he'll be ousted in the process.
• War Hero: Andriamahazo earns fame for organizing the Second Malagasy Uprising, a fact that he exploits if TAFAMA wins the constitutional convention and wants to secure his position as provisional president.

Richard Ratsimandrava

Role: Head of State (TAFAMA collapse, TAFAMA elections)

Party: Antoko Firaisam-Pirenena^note United Nations Party, Military Rule (Military coup)

Ideology: Transitioning Democracy^note Paternalism (TAFAMA collapse), Dominant-Party Democracy^note Paternalism (Initial TAFAMA elections, 1968 TAFAMA elections, potentially), Military Junta^note Despotism (1968 TAFAMA elections, potentially)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Within the web of pro-Sphere Malagasy, Richard Ratsimandrava represents the thin end of the wedge. He is a Merina, but not a chauvinist; he is a former mutineer, but keenly politically minded. In his mind, such traits provide him the moderation to unite the nation.

Such traits filter into his politics. Rather than promising a hopeful democracy or a powerful dictatorship, Ratsimandrava imagines something between the two, a structured, ordered republic built around a powerful president and his party. It is a vision organized around the fokon'olona, one he perfected while a minister in TAFAMA.

Now rising to the presidency following the collapse of TAFAMA, Ratsimandrava hopes to reforge the alliance under his new party, and his new model of leadership. If it fails, Ratsimandrava will likely end up just another dictator-in-waiting, forced to crush his own republic. If it succeeds, Ratsimandrava will have built the consensus he needs to make Madagascar a developed and powerful member within the wider Sphere alliance.

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• Military Coup: Ratsimandrava can come to power this way in 1968, abandoning democracy for military rule and deciding to crush his own republic for failing to forge the country to his image.
• Reasonable Authority Figure: Exploited. He paints himself as one, with his supposed moderation of creating a strongly presidential republic, intended to unite the nation and join the Sphere as a developed member.
• Take a Third Option: Ratsimandrava's vision for Madagascar is neither a hopeful democracy or a powerful dictatorship, but a structured, ordered republic built around a powerful president.

Monja Jaona

Role: Head of State (TAFAMA collapse, TAFAMA elections, 2nd PADESM election)

Party: Madagasikara otronin'ny Malagasy^note Madagascar for the Malagasy

Ideology: Transitioning Democracy^note Paternalism (TAFAMA collapse), Social Nationalism^note Paternalism (TAFAMA elections, 2nd PADESM election)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Monja Jaona never quite made sense as a member of the TAFAMA party. In truth, the man has never managed to fit into the boxes of Malagasy politics, as his strident and idiosyncratic vision leaves him without a clear community to stand on. Yet there is one reason that all respect him, even as he refuses to stand within their bounds: his endless capacity to fight.

Who else can claim to have joined the uprising of 1947 and survived, even as fascist Frenchmen and Germans killed every African they could capture? When that uprising failed, Jaona simply created a new party to continue his fight, eventually merging it with the wider TAFAMA movement. Only now, after two decades of protest, has Jaona finally entered civilian politics proper.

With TAFAMA gone, Jaona has used a coalition of impoverished and minority Malagasy to become Madagascar's president. Back with the MONIMA party, Jaona preaches a vaguely leftist vision of independence and anti-colonialism, helped by Japan's military umbrella. The French will have no station on this island. After all this time, Madagascar will at last be for the Malagasy.

In-Game Biography (2nd PADESM election) ^{Click to Show}It seems a miracle that Monja Jaona has managed to ascend to lead the Republic of Madagascar. A former TAFAMA leader, he seems a relic of a past era, outspoken and anti-colonial in ways that the PADESM and PSD never are. Yet this is precisely why the Malagasy need him now more than ever. Someone must remind them who this republic stands for.

Who else can claim to have joined the uprising of 1947 and survived, even as fascist Frenchmen and Germans killed every African they could capture? When that uprising failed, Jaona simply created a new party to continue his fight, eventually merging it with the wider TAFAMA movement. And when TAFAMA collapsed, only Jaona - with his Antandroy ethnicity and powerful skills at organization - managed to revive his party to fight once more.

In the last few years, Jaona has been forced to watch PADESM unravel that anti-colonial spirit, allowing the French and other foreigners to worm their way back into society. But with a revived MONIMA and a nation of disgruntled and impoverished Malagasy behind him, President Jaono is certain that this great injustice can be reversed. Madagascar will at last be for the Malagasy.

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• Dark Horse Victory: In a PADESM victory scenario, Jaona can still potentially take power in the 1968 election, where his electoral victory is described as a shock due to his more outspoken anti-colonial views and his TAFAMA past.
• Patriotic Fervor: His main appeal in the 1968 PADESM election is fervent, anti-colonialist nationalism, playing on disillusionment over the PADESM's alignment with the OFN and giving influence to foreigners.
• Rebel Leader: Jaona participated in the First Malagasy Uprising. Though most of the organizers were killed by the French and Germans, Jaona survived and founded a new political movement to continue the fight.
• War Hero: Jaona is widely respected for his determination in fighting for an independent Madagascar, which he proved by joining the First Malagasy Uprising.
• Wild Card: Jaona's idiosyncratic beliefs meant he never quite fit in with any political faction and only merged his party into the TAFAMA because of its nationalist appeal. It's only when the TAFAMA collapses that he finds appeal from the impoverished and minority communities who support a vaguely left-wing and anti-colonialist government aligned with Japan. Even when he can elected in the TAFAMA path, it is still possible for him to get elected in 1968 for the PADESM path, since he's so flexible.

Jacques Rabemananjara

Role: Head of State (TAFAMA collapse, TAFAMA elections)

Party: Malagasy Afaka^note Free Malagasy

Ideology: Transitioning Democracy^note Paternalism (TAFAMA collapse), Big Tent^note Liberal Conservatism (Initial TAFAMA elections, or 1968 TAFAMA elections, potentially), Social Democracy^note Progressivism (1968 TAFAMA elections, potentially)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Jacques Rabemananjara is a forefather of the independence movement in Madagascar. In a better world, he might have simply remained a poet, a thinker, and an organizer. But with the colony of a fascist state, Rabemananjara could do nothing less than fight.

As a founder of both the TAFAMA movement and of the MRDM before it, Rabemananjara has always supplied the democratically minded, idealist edge to the TAFAMA movement. Yet his vision of democracy was still far different to PADESM. Rabemananjara would never bow to the French. His republic would forge a nation as well as a state, a united Malagasy people ready to uplift their nation.

Now, with TAFAMA scattered, Rabemananjara has managed to unify his long-standing coalition and take control of the state. The task that will follow is a great reversal of history, overturning decades of colonialism with only a scattered party and the Japanese behind him. Yet with ideas as sharp as his own, President Rabemananjara feels he has all he needs.

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• Cultured Badass: Formerly a poet, Rabemanjara chose to fight against the colonial oppression of the fascist states occupying them.
• The Idealist: As a founder of the TAFAMA movement, Rabemanjara provides the idealistic edge to the movement with his vision for a Malagasy democracy.
• Patriotic Fervor: He disapproved of the PADESM and their willingness to work with France. His version of a democratic Madagascar is comparatively more nationalistic, as he hopes to forge a nation that can unite the Malagasy people. If he consolidates control after the TAFAMA's collapse, he can take the first steps to this goal with Japanese backing.

Charles Ravoajanahary

Role: Head of State (Constitutional deadlock)

Party: Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara^note Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar

Ideology: Pan-Africanism^note Socialism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Charles Ravoajanahary is in many ways the AKFM's teacher. Once a student of history, he is well versed in the history of revolution in Madagascar, and his writings have helped inspire many of those in his party to understand why and how they fight. Now, he enters a new age of history - one defined by governance.

As the founder of the AKFM, Ravoajanahary easily managed to become the consensus figure for party support. Now, it is up to him to define the party line - yet his own values are eclectic, defined not by some foreign text but by decade after decade of local insurrections. His models are not Lenin or Bukharin but Ralaimongo and Ravelojaona.

And so, Ravoajanahary does not look to a European model of socialism - it would not fit his nation. Instead, he looks to African thinkers with African modes of socialism. Closely connected with Cameroonian Pan-Africanism, Ravoajanahary's new ideology is uniquely tuned to Malagasy realities. His people are defined by revolution - it is up to them to create something truly revolutionary.

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• Hero-Worshipper: Instead of Lenin or Bukharin, Ravoajanahary turns to Malagasy activists like Ralaimongo and Ravelojaona, whose ideals would best suit the situation in Madagascar.
• Rebel Leader: Ravoajanahary is the founder of the AKFM, leading decades of local insurrections against the French and the Germans and telling stories of Madagascar's history to remind the party of what they are fighting for.
• The Smart Guy: Ravoajanahary is one of the AKFM's greatest teachers and historians, well-versed on the history of Malagasy revolutions. Learning from this history, Ravoajanahary's ideology bears resemblance to pan-Africanism from Cameroon, but is uniquely fine-tuned to the circumstances in Madagascar, according to his own knowledge.

Gisèle Rabesahala

Role: Head of State (Constitutional deadlock)

Party: Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara^note Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar

Ideology: Marxism-Leninism^note Communism

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}At first, Gisèle Rabesahala seems almost impossible - in a patriarchal, colonialist age, Rabesahala is both a woman and a Communist. In both ways, she is revolutionary.

Rabesahala's communist beliefs developed from her union ties, when she began working with the PCF. Yet to sum up the full extent of her pre-independence work would be impossible - it ran through every space, labor to assistance to legal representation, always fighting for the common good. Before there was an AKFM, Gisèle Rabesahala was her own communist party.

When the party finally formed, Rabesahala was chosen as secretary, a role she has held since. Now leading the nation, Rabesahala has begun enforcing a communist line, taking from her former PCF allies and even the little-known Joseph Stalin to create a new society. Rabesahala has been strident about enforcing a leftist orthodoxy, from her own party to the culture itself.

Yes, Secretary Rabesahala is radical, far more than some in her party. But who can deny her the right to guide the revolution? She has fought for progress longer than any other.

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• Breaking the Glass Ceiling: The circumstances of her leadership are even more remarkable because she's a woman, something once unthinkable in the old patriarchal, colonial hierarchy.
• Chummy Commies: Rabesahala is one of the most well-known and powerful communists in Madagascar, fighting for a more egalitarian, progressive society.
• The Determinator: Rabesahala has been involved in union activity for decades, starting from her time working with the PCF. Before independence, Rabesahala had a long track record of activism, from union work to legal representation, even running her own communist party before the AKFM was born. Now, she serves as the AKFM's secretary and continues to fight for her ideology.
• Iron Lady: Rabesahala is radical, even by her own party's standards, in enforcing a communist line, inspired by her time in the PCF and from Joseph Stalin. However, she can get away with it because she's been an active communist for so long that no one can deny her.

Didier Ratsiraka

Role: Head of State (AREMA revolution, Constitutional deadlock)

Party: Antoko Revolisionera Malagasy^note Malagasy Revolutionary Party, Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara^note Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar (Constitutional deadlock)

Ideology: Marxism-Leninism^note Communism (AREMA), Left-Wing Nationalism^note Socialism (TAFAMA deadlock)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Compared to other leading members of his party, Didier Ratsiraka appears moderate, even cynical. The Red Admiral did not spend his youth working with the PCF - he spent it as a naval policeman, catching revolutionaries instead of saving them. Yet read his Red Book, hear his speeches, and you will understand. His revolution is many things - pragmatic, targeted, even possibly misguided - but cynical it is not.

Ratsiraka mutinied, like so many others, in the later years of French rule, when it gradually slid into German control. In time, seeing PADESM and TAFAMA become attached to foreign powers, he moved to the AKFM, where his intense nationalist beliefs became matched with an acceptance of socialist values. From then on, his attempts at control were tied to his dreams of leftist revolution.

Didier Ratsiraka has become a representative of the new, disillusioned partisan, radically nationalist and deeply disappointed with the other revolutionary parties. His socialism does not come from a place of deep idealism, but of acceptance. To Ratsiraka, no other revolution could be enough for Madagascar.

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• Choosing Neutrality: Ratsiraka leads a non-aligned and somewhat isolationist government, denouncing all forms of foreign meddling in the country.
• Defector from Decadence:
  • Ratsiraka once served in the French navy as a naval policemen, where he helped catch revolutionaries prior to becoming a socialist himself.
  • Witnessing the PADESM and TAFAMA rely too much on foreign powers, Ratsiraka moved to the AKFM, which was the most compatible with his nationalist, left-wing ideals.
• Let No Crisis Go to Waste: [[spoiler:Ratsiraka uses the unrest caused by the Oil Crisis to propel AREMA to the forefront with his connections, along with the public appeal of nationalism and Marxism during this time. He can use this momentum to topple the German colonial administration, the PADESM, or the TAFAMA governments.
• Patriotic Fervor: Ratsiraka's brand of nationalism and socialism are hugely popular among the disillusioned partisans, patriots, and other people who have lost faith in the other revolutionary parties.
• Rebel Leader: Having already witnessed the oppression of French colonialism over his homeland, Ratsiraka organized a small saboteur organization opposed to either the German occupation of Madagascar or a Malagasy government that is deemed to be illegitimate during the Oil Crisis.
• Red Baron: Ratsiraka is often known by the name "The Red Admiral".
• Start My Own: Ratsiraka is initially a member of the AKFM, but forms the AREMA if Germany wins the Second Malagasy Uprising, or TAFAMA or PADESM take power. Compared to the AKFM, Ratsiraka runs a much stricter party line, mixing a potent combination of nationalism and Marxism.

Norbert Zafimahova

Role: Head of State (PADESM victory, PADESM elections)

Party: Parti des déshérités de Madagascar^note Party of the Disinherited of Madagascar, Parti Social-Démocrate^note Social Democratic Party (2nd PADESM election)

Ideology: Provisional Government^note Paternalism (PADESM victory), Social Democracy^note Progressivism (PADESM elections)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}More than anyone else, Norbert Zafimahova understands the core cultural, political, and social alliance that underpins PADESM. After all, he was there on the day it was forged. After two decades of struggle, the time has come to see that agreement through.

With PADESM now controlling Madagascar, Zafimahova's presidency is in some ways a caretaker role - whatever president comes out of the upcoming elections will certainly have a much more effective mandate. Yet in another sense, it is a chance to define what the Republic of Madagascar is, in a manner that is only possible now that the war has ended.

Zafimahova has a clear definition in his mind. His Madagascar is an ethnically pluralist state, an anti-colonialist state, and a democratic and a socialist state, the same core ideals imagined when PADESM first came to be. In all those years spent fighting, losing, regrouping, visions of that Madagascar swirled through Zafimahova's mind. Now, as he sits in the presidency, that nation is already forming around him.

In-Game Biography (2nd PADESM election) ^{Click to Show}More than anyone else, Norbert Zafimahova understands the core cultural, political, and social alliance that underpins PADESM. After all, he was there on the day it was forged. After nearly three decades of struggle, the time has come to see that agreement through.

Alas, that agreement can no longer be satisfied by the party that created it. Under Tsiranana, PADESM has been stripped of the revolutionary core that defined it. Now, PADESM merely persists to please benefactors, to rebuild economic sectors and forge ties with foreign allies. Yet wasn't PADESM about more than mere stability, mere safety?

Zafimahova has had to return with a new party, forged out of fellow PADESM socialists who could not stand seeing their party turn into mere machinery. He returns to the presidency ready to fight for his Madagascar, democratic, equitable, prosperous, and just. No matter what his former party attempts, no matter who tries to shoot him down, Zafimahova will never turn his back on the agreement he made. He will see it through.

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• Arc Words: Both of Zafimahova's biographies open with an explanation of how he was a founding member of the PADESM and understood its core values. It diverges when it recounts how many years he has been fighting for those values and how the PADESM is evolving.
• Brutal Honesty: In an interview, Zafimahova does not hide the fact that his own cabinet members are skeptical about Madagascar's long-term stability and that optimism alone will not be enough to resolve this. However, he remains optimistic that democracy will be on its way and that the country's agriculture and industry can be rebuilt, which is why he appeals for the OFN's help.
• Defector from Decadence: Disgusted by Tsiranana stripping the revolutionary core from PADESM, Zafimahova leaves the party and runs as part of the Social Democratic Party, fighting for a Madagascar that is democratic, equitable, prosperous, and just.
• The Determinator: Zafimahova was one of the PADESM's founding members and spent decades fighting for an independent, democratic Madagascar that stands against colonialism and fosters harmony among the country's ethnic groups. He stayed trued to these beliefs, no matter how many losses the independence movement suffered, and will eventually defect from the PADESM in protest of their submission to foreign powers and abandonment of socialism, determined to see his own vision through.
• Short-Lived Leadership: Zig-Zagged. Zafimahova leads a provisional government when the PADESM wins the constitutional convention, holding the position for as long as he needs to shape what the new republic will looke like. However, he can also return to power in the subsequence elections.
• Small Role, Big Impact: Zafimahova's role may only be limited to leading the PADESM provisional government, but he's the one who announces Madagascar's application to the OFN during an NBC interview, a plotline that will define the first elections held.
• Start My Own: Zafimahova was a founding member of the PADESM and runs in the first election under their banner. He will eventually leave the party, along with other socialist-oriented members, to form the PSD in opposition to Tsirana's direction.

Philibert Tsiranana

Role: Head of State (PADESM elections)

Party: Parti des déshérités de Madagascar^note Party of the Disinherited of Madagascar

Ideology: Big Tent^note Liberal Conservatism, Dominant-Party Democracy^note Paternalism (2nd PADESM election, Democratic stagnation)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Within the leading ranks of PADESM, Philibert Tsiranana is best defined by his pragmatism. His leading role within PADESM is no surprise, but did not come naturally - he worked his way up from a Tsimihety teacher to a minor politician, and from a minor politician to a president. But make no mistake, Tsiranana sees a great purpose in all his plans. Madagascar can be improved, enshrined, and Tsiranana knows he is the man to do it.

To some extent, he sees socialism as a tool to do so - perhaps socialism is the one tool all Malagasy thinkers share. Yet as he looks at a Madagascar in ruins, he knows his nation needs more than ideals to get by. Madagascar needs simpler, concrete things - infrastructure, investment, trading partners, and cultural harmony. Not radical machinations, but a slowly improving normalcy.

Tsiranana imagines himself as something of a teacher - if not a typical visionary, then certainly a politician to emulate, beckoning a political order that will long outlast his own term. As the economy booms, as peace and stability return to his stormy island, President Tsiranana is certain the nation can see his vision.

In-Game Biography (Democratic stagnation) ^{Click to Show}Just a few years ago, Madagascar seemed as if it was in a burgeoning democracy. Liberated from the tyranny of French and German colonialism, it had blossomed into a proper republic, under president Philibert Tsiranana.

For Philibert Tsiranana, it does not feel as if much has changed in the years since. The opposition has always been a bother, but to crush them would be immoral, damaging to the machine the President has made. Instead, he has simply isolated them, left them clutching their few mayors while the PADESM gathers enough cultural and political allies to always remain in control.

And so the systems remain, even as the outcomes fade away. The coming elections will be won by the PADESM. It is a reality all in Madagascar must come to accept, from the struggling communists to the prosperous investors.

Perhaps in some far-off future the people of Madagascar will change their tune and cast off their president, their party, perhaps even their systems. Until then, they will be left watching as Tsiranana perfects an economy that was meant to be theirs.

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• Badass Teacher: Formerly a school teacher, Tsiranana fought with PADESM to liberate Madagascar and as president, works to improve his nation and give it the stability it needs.
• The Exile: Tsiranana, among other PADESM members, were sent into exile after the First Malagasy Uprising and spent the past decade living in Free France.
• Full-Circle Revolution: Downplayed. While it is still far better being a French colony, it is possible for Tsiranana and the PADESM to continually stay in power, turning into a Dominant-Party Democracy where only token opposition is given to the PADESM political machine as OFN money flows into the country.
• Necessarily Evil: Tsiranana is far more restrained in his visions for Madagascar than many of his fellow revolutionaries, valuing the stability of infrastructure, investment, trading partners, and cultural harmony. The dark side of this can be seen if democratic stagnation sets in, where he turns into a de facto autocrat as Madagascar bends the knee to its foreign allies in the OFN.
• President for Life: After the 1968 election, Tsiranana may end up entrenching the PADESM political machine and forego his big tent approach. Rather than openly crush the opposition, he politically isolates them to a few mayors while the PADESM gathers cultural and political allies to retain their control. Tsiranana consiers it necessary to keep up Madagascar's economic stability.

Joseph Raseta

Role: Head of State (PADESM elections)

Party: Firaisam-pirenena Malagasy^note Malagasy National Union

Ideology: Revolutionary Front^note Socialism, National Communism^note Communism (New Constitution)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}Joseph Raseta is an old soul, so old as to have seen the fall of the Imerina Kingdom with his own eyes, and watch the sixty years of colonialist oppression that followed. In that time, he has joined with the VVS, with the AFKM, in an eternal struggle for freedom. In his waning years, he at last has the chance to give Madagascar the independence it always deserved.

Some in his nation may call the Americans liberators, but they are from the same cloth as all imperialists, ugly at their core. Towns may now have ballot boxes, but their walls are covered in PADESM posters, their farms sold to foreign companies. The election was intended as mere fanfare, blaring notes announcing America's newest colony.

Luckily, the whims of a nation have not proven so easy to delude. The people instead voted Raseta into power. His Madagascar is a socialist, nationalist state, forged out of those many struggles for freedom which had Raseta on the front lines. His Madagascar is for the people, not for foreign plantations and military bases. Madagascar's flag will fly high, and unfettered by any who might wish to stop it.

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• Cassandra Truth: Unlike many who see the Americans as liberators, Raseta denounces the United States as an imperialist power who will try to turn Madagascar into their new colony. Upon his election, this view is proven right when the United States tries to organize a coup against him, on account of him being pro-Japan.
• Defiant to the End: Raseta refuses to resign when Ramanantsoa's coup is underway, despite the pressure. He ignores Ramanantsoa's calls and threatens the American ambassador to leave. By 6:00 PM, the Ambohitsorohitra Palace is bombed and if is left unclear if he survived.
• The Determinator: Raseta is one of the oldest Malagasy nationalists still alive, fighting against colonial oppression for sixty years to give Madagascar the independence it deserves.
• The Dreaded: Raseta's election is won by a narrow margin and he still faces a lot of domestic opposition, but he's still deemed a great threat by the Americans because he can easily dismantle his opponents and join the CPS to strengthen Japan's hold on the Indian Ocean. Thus, the United States can organize a coup against him.
• Enemy Mine: Regarding the OFN as yet another colonial power, Raseta withdraws Madagascar's OFN application upon being elected and instead pursues closer ties with the CPS.
• Patriotic Fervor: Raseta leads Madagascar down a communist and nationalist path, which will curb the influence of the American foreign plantations and military bases.
• The Purge: If Raseta catches on to the OFN-backed coup plot, he has all of the pro-American elements in government and armed forces arrested, deploying soldiers around the American embassy and on major roads leading to the capital. The purge culminates in a siege on Antananarivo Air Base, Ramanantsoa's headquarters, where he eventually surrenders.

Gabriel Ramanantsoa

Role: Military Commander, Head of State (OFN Regime change)

Party: Military Rule, Independent

Ideology: Military Junta^note Despotism, Controlled Democracy^note Paternalism (Independent)

In-Game Biography ^{Click to Show}If one glances at his record, Ramanantsoa looks much more like a TAFAMA officer than the coastal, left-leaning pluralists that have defined the PADESM era. An unaligned military officer of Merina origin, his ascension from leading general to the presidency was unexpected by most pundits. He is, in essence, everything Raseta and his predecessors were not.

What has changed? Nothing, in truth. Ramanantsoa's ascent reveals a simple reality about his government, about PADESM, about all the ink and blood spilled on these shores. They were mere stepping stones towards a political project to which the Malagasy had no control. When Raseta broke from that project, all else fell away, closed down like a failing corporate division.

So do not bother attempting to ascertain Ramanantsoa's values, beliefs, or convictions - you have already seen what happens to convictions in Madagascar. He will give the Americans the OFN membership they require. All else is empty gestures.

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• Cincinnatus: Exploited, as Ramanantsoa proclaims that his regime will be committed to freedom and a transition to democratic rule. However, the narrative is a sham used to legitimate his government.
• The Dog Was the Mastermind: Many observers are surprised by Ramanantsoa's coup, thinking his background more befitting of a TAFAMAMA member. However, they fail to realize that his lack of political convictions is what makes him a perfect proxy for a coup by the Americans.
• Downer Ending: Ramanantsoa's coup symbolically destroys the idea of a truly independent Madagascar and ushers in an age of neocolonialism by his American backers.
• Know When to Fold 'Em: If Ramanantsoa's coup plot is discovered and Raseta purges his conspirators, Ramanantsoa will hide out in Antananarivo Air Base, until it is besieged and he surrenders.
• Military Coup: If Raseta wins the first PADESM election, Ramanantsoa can be funded to coup his government and replace it with a more OFN friendly one.
• The Quisling: Ramanantsoa has no ideological values, beliefs or convictions. His primary goal after overthrowing the previous government and becoming president is to submit Madagascar to the OFN, joining the alliance as a full member.
• Regime Change: If the PADESM elections do not go in the OFN's favour, America can choose to have Ramanantsoa coup the elected communist government, ensuring that the OFN's interests in the island are protected regardless of democratic will.

Albert Razafy

Role: N/A

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• Allegorical Character: He is an original character, giving a point-of-view from a regular partisan fighting for the Malagasy Rebellion.
• Enemy Mine: Defied, but played straight later on. Unlike some members of the TAFAMA, Razafy is initially apprehensive about working with the PADESM to take down the Germans, suspicious of the fact that they are supported by the United States. It's only after the war that he sees the people united in celebration and realizes why some TAFAMA members could work together with the PADESM, if only for the sake of the country. Rafazy is still uncomfortable with the notion, but he does moderate his stance on this issue.
• Enemy Mine: Razafy does not trust the Japanese, having living in Calcutta for five years and learning about the hollowness in their anti-colonialist rhetoric. However, he knows that the TAFAMA will struggle without their support, so he goes along with it. He reckons that the Germans should be dealt with first and then Japan's true motives can be confronted next.
• Everyone Has Standards: As a member of the TAFAMA, Razafy hates the PADESM and their American backers. After a partisan victory, Razafy sees a PADESM representative give a victory speech and thinks about shooting him with his looted Mauser. However, he relents on this when he sees the crowd express true joy with their newfound liberation and thinks it would be selfish to deny them this moment, even if this peace is swayed by the United States.
• Pay Evil unto Evil: Razafy kills a pleading German officer next to his overturned vehicle by kicking his skull rather than wasting a bullet.

Hery Rakoto

Role: N/A

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• Bribe Backfire: When he lands in southern Madagascar, Rakoto tries to buy the loyalty of the guerrillas he was assigned to through bribery and additional weapons and food. However, the guerrillas suspect that he got the money from Free French businessmen and that he's trying to get foreign investments into Madagascar, so they kill him.
• Les Collaborateurs:
  • He first tried to get involved in colonial politics before he was sent into exile.
  • After his exile, Rakoto linked up with the CIA and assists the OFN in bringing down the French authority on Madagascar, even if he must reluctantly give up his life of luxury to return to the island.
• The Exile: Rakoto was involved in founding the PADESM and tried breaking into politics prior to the First Malagasy Uprising, which forced him and his allies into exile in South Africa before moving to Free France.
• Rags to Riches: He was once an impoverished lawyer in northern Madagascar, struggling to even pay for a suit before becoming involved the PADESM in exile and treated to a life of luxury by the CIA. He has since become so hooked on this decadence that he is disappointed that he must return to Madagascar.
• Undignified Death: Already despaired that his assigned guerrillas are not political committed, Rakoto is unceremoniously shot in the head and gets his money stolen while relieving himself by a tree.
• Wrong Line of Work: Exploited by Rakoto, who doesn't want to return to Madagascar and cites his position as a lawyer to convince his CIA contact that he'll be better suited to managing political connections than directly aiding the guerrillas. Despite his pleas, the CIA insists that he land on the southern shores of Madagascar and rendezvous with a resistance cell, nominally to help guide and educate them about democracy.

The Disconnected Settlements of Madagascar

In-Game Description ^{Click to Show}From the moment Antanarive's Gendarmerie declared resistance against the colonial government, French rule in Madagascar had ended. Administrative institutions of the French colonial office have since been subverted by forces of the Militärkommission von Madagaskar, and pro-mutiny revolters have seized control of many coastal provinces. Yet, much more of Madagascar is without government and, in some cases, is entirely unaware of events unfolding in the island's contested zones.

The first word of change reached the provinces by telephone, and soon whispered anxiety permeated among French plantation owners and the privy elite. In some communities, the gentry villas and enclosed mansions were quickly evacuated; other regions, especially those organized by the communist Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara, sought retribution for colonial-era abuses by seizing properties and land owners into the custody of local councils. Ad-hoc tribunals for colonial officials have been increasingly common in the 'unadministered zone', but, for the most part, these communities are stable and govern themselves.

However, this condition of serene self-government is temporary, and the forces of revolt and imperial reconquest encroach, each seeking total control of the island, establish themselves in these settlements. To the revolters, most go willingly, but the Germans are more brutal than their French predecessors and extract barbaric scores from conquered communities. Those who remain untouched can only wait and enjoy what remains of their reprieve from impending chaos and brace themselves for the war ahead.

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• Asshole Victim: Plantation owners, privy elites and other colonialists are subject to property seizures and ad-hoc tribunals as a form of retributive justice for the decades of French and German oppression.
• Hidden Elf Village: Downplayed. Once French Madagascar collapses, most of the interior of the island falls into isolation, masses of villages with no central authority governing them, once the conflict between the Malagasy Rebellion and the German garrison kicks off however, they will be swiftly occupied by either side.

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