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1{{Authors}} who started their careers in the 19th century.
2
3See also NineteenthCenturyLiterature.
4
5''When adding entries, please put them in alphabetical order within the proper national section.''
6----
7!! Authors:
8[[foldercontrol]]
9
10[[folder:American]]
11* Creator/LouisaMayAlcott: Author of ''Literature/LittleWomen'' and several other novels, which in modern works would probably be considered YoungAdult Literature.
12* Creator/HoratioAlgerJr: Author of ''Ragged Dick'' and many other similar stories; the TropeMaker for RagsToRiches.
13* Creator/AmbroseBierce: Author of ''Literature/TheDevilsDictionary'' and contributor to the Franchise/CthulhuMythos.
14* Creator/RobertWChambers: Author of ''Literature/TheKingInYellow'', which inspired (and was subsumed into) the Franchise/CthulhuMythos.
15* Creator/KateChopin
16* Creator/JamesFenimoreCooper: The first American novelist to become a bestselling author worldwide and to influence the leading authors in Europe; father of the frontier novel and its offshoot, TheWestern (through his [[Literature/TheLeatherstockingTales Leatherstocking Tales]]), as well as of the [[SeaStories sea novel]].
17
18* Creator/EmilyDickinson ({{poet|ry}})
19* Creator/RalphWaldoEmerson
20* Creator/LucyHamiltonHooper
21* Creator/NathanielHawthorne: best known for ''Literature/TheScarletLetter''
22* Creator/OHenry, best known for his short fiction chock-full of {{twist ending}}s.
23* Creator/WilliamDeanHowells
24* Creator/WashingtonIrving
25* Creator/HenryJames: Known for intimate, psychologically complex prose that helped lay a foundation for {{Modernism}}. Famous works include ''Literature/DaisyMiller'', ''Literature/WashingtonSquare'', ''PortraitOfALady'' and ''Literature/TheTurnOfTheScrew''.
26* Creator/JackLondon: Best known for ''The Call of the Wild''.
27* Creator/HenryWadsworthLongfellow
28* Creator/HermanMelville: Author of ''Literature/MobyDick'' and the short story "Literature/BartlebyTheScrivener".
29* Creator/EdgarAllanPoe: Pretty much ''the'' horror story writer. Also wrote the first detective story.
30* Creator/GeneStrattonPorter: Author of children's books.
31* Creator/HenryDavidThoreau: Essayist and thinker, best known for ''{{Walden}}'' and CivilDisobedience.
32* Creator/MarkTwain: Author and humorist. Best known for ''Literature/TheAdventuresOfTomSawyer'' and ''Literature/AdventuresOfHuckleberryFinn'', and for being endlessly quotable due to his rather... direct outlook on life. Other notable works include ''Literature/PuddnheadWilson'' and ''Literature/AConnecticutYankeeInKingArthursCourt''.
33* Creator/EdithWharton
34* Creator/WaltWhitman
35* Creator/MaryEleanorWilkinsFreeman
36[[/folder]]
37
38[[folder:Argentinian]]
39* Creator/JoseHernandez
40* UsefulNotes/DomingoFaustinoSarmiento
41[[/folder]]
42
43[[folder:Australian]]
44* Creator/BanjoPaterson
45* Creator/EthelTurner
46[[/folder]]
47
48[[folder:Austrian]]
49* UsefulNotes/SigmundFreud
50* Creator/RainerMariaRilke
51[[/folder]]
52
53[[folder:Brazilian]]
54* Creator/MachadoDeAssis
55[[/folder]]
56
57[[folder:British Isles]]
58* Creator/JohnYongeAkerman
59* Creator/JaneAusten
60* Creator/MatthewArnold
61* Creator/HilaireBelloc
62* Creator/WilliamBlake
63* The Brontë sisters:
64** Creator/AnneBronte
65** Creator/CharlotteBronte
66** Creator/EmilyBronte
67* Creator/RobertBrowning
68* Creator/EdwardBulwerLytton
69* Creator/FrancesHodgsonBurnett
70* Creator/LordByron (TropeNamer for ByronicHero)
71* Creator/ThomasCarlyle
72* Creator/LewisCarroll (Wrote ''Literature/AliceInWonderland'', which probably inspired the first use of the critique "[[QuirkyWork What was he smoking?]]")
73* Creator/SamuelTaylorColeridge
74* Creator/WilkieCollins: Author of ''Literature/TheMoonstone'', arguably the first detective novel in English literature, and ''Literature/TheWomanInWhite''.
75* Creator/MarieCorelli: Author of ''Literature/ARomanceOfTwoWorlds'', a very important novel in the origin of the UsefulNotes/NewAge movement; and ''Literature/{{Ardath}}'', a masterpiece of WorldBuilding. She also wrote a lot of GothicHorror and AuthorTract works exposing unfairness towards women, drug addiction and alcoholism, the hypocrisy of social classes and child suicide (via the evils of CramSchool education). She believed in universal health care and women's right to vote. Like her friend Creator/{{Ouida}}, she was immensely popular and controversial.
76* Creator/SamuelRutherfordCrockett
77* UsefulNotes/CharlesDarwin
78* Creator/ThomasDeQuincey
79* Creator/CharlesDickens: Voluminous English writer known for ''Literature/ATaleOfTwoCities'', ''Literature/OliverTwist'', ''Literature/GreatExpectations'', etc.; a great deal of his writings shine a spotlight on the social ills of his day.
80* UsefulNotes/BenjaminDisraeli (also known in his other career as a [[UsefulNotes/TheMenOfDowningStreet Prime Minister]])
81* Sir Creator/ArthurConanDoyle: Creator of Literature/SherlockHolmes and Literature/ProfessorChallenger (from ''Literature/TheLostWorld1912'').
82* Creator/GeorgeEliot
83* Creator/ElizabethGaskell
84* Creator/HRiderHaggard: Author of adventure stories including ''Literature/KingSolomonsMines'' and ''Literature/{{She}}''
85* Creator/ThomasHardy: English novelist and poet.
86* Creator/JamesHogg
87* Creator/GerardManleyHopkins: Catholic priest and poet.
88* Creator/JosephJacobs: FairyTale collector
89* Creator/MontagueRhodesJames
90* Creator/JohnKeats: Romantic poet with oodles of potential who popped his clogs at 25.
91* Creator/RudyardKipling: Widely prolific Indian-born author and poet, best known for ''Literature/TheJungleBook'' and a good deal of poetry.
92* Creator/AndrewLang: FairyTale collector
93* Creator/JosephSheridanLeFanu
94* Creator/GeorgeMacDonald
95* Creator/ArthurMachen
96* Creator/JamesClarenceMangan
97* Creator/WSomersetMaugham: first published in 1897.
98* Creator/WilliamMorris
99* Creator/AmandaMcKittrickRos
100* Creator/ENesbit
101* Creator/JohnHenryNewman
102* Creator/MargaretOliphant
103* Creator/{{Ouida}}: Author of ''Literature/UnderTwoFlags'', ''Literature/ADogOfFlanders'' and forty other novels and many short stories featuring exceedingly well-dressed (and often bisexual) heroes, innocent young people, sexy villains, sensuous villainesses tragedies. Monumentally popular as well as controversial, and a [[PetTheDog Kindhearted Dog Lover]].
104* Creator/JohnWilliamPolidori: Author of ''Literature/TheVampyre''.
105* Creator/ChristinaRossetti
106* Creator/DanteGabrielRossetti
107* Creator/JohnRuskin
108* Creator/WalterScott: Author of ''Literature/{{Ivanhoe}}'', ''Literature/RobRoy'' and a pile of 'Scottish novels'. He was the first to write historical novels in Europe.
109* Creator/RobertLouisStevenson : Author of ''Literature/TreasureIsland'', ''Literature/{{Kidnapped}}'' and other novels.
110* Creator/BramStoker: Author of ''Literature/{{Dracula}}''.
111* Creator/MaryShelley: Author of ''Literature/{{Frankenstein}}'' and mother of ScienceFiction.
112* Creator/PercyByssheShelley: Husband of Mary Shelley, friend of Creator/LordByron. Poet.
113* Creator/AlgernonCharlesSwinburne
114* Creator/AlfredLordTennyson
115* Creator/AnthonyTrollope
116* Creator/HGWells: British science fiction writer, who, along with Jules Verne, practically invented the genre. ''Literature/TheWarOfTheWorlds'' and ''Literature/TheTimeMachine'' are probably his two best known works.
117* Creator/OscarWilde: Author of ''Literature/ThePictureOfDorianGray''. Known for his wit as well as his life's DownerEnding.
118* Creator/WilliamWordsworth
119* Creator/WilliamButlerYeats
120[[/folder]]
121
122[[folder:Czech]]
123
124* [[Creator/JaraCimrman Jára Cimrman]] – an unrecognised Czech genius.
125* [[Creator/KarelJaromirErben Karel Jaromír Erben]] – a folklorist and a poet, the author of many fairy-tale collections and a poem collection Literature/ABouquet which focuses on women's role in the society and includes folklore/fantasy/horror themes.
126* [[Creator/KarelHynekMacha Karel Hynek Mácha]] - a romantic poet, author of a poem [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1j May]].
127
128[[/folder]]
129
130[[folder:Danish]]
131* Creator/HansChristianAndersen: Known mostly for his fairy tales, such as "Literature/TheLittleMermaid" and the "Literature/TheUglyDuckling".
132* Creator/SorenKierkegaard, a writer, better known as the UrExample for UsefulNotes/{{existentialism}}, who wrote on the Christian religion, morality, and society using pseudonyms, parables, and irony.
133* Creator/JensPeterJacobsen
134[[/folder]]
135
136[[folder:French]]
137* [[Creator/HonoreDeBalzac Honoré de Balzac]], who wrote ''La Comédie Humaine''.
138* Creator/CharlesBaudelaire, who wrote ''The Flowers of Evil''.
139* Creator/LeonBloy
140* Creator/FrancoisReneDeChateaubriand
141* Creator/AlexandreDumas, ''père'': Wrote ''Literature/TheThreeMusketeers'', ''Literature/TheCountOfMonteCristo'' and a pile of other stuff.
142* Creator/AlexandreDumasFils, who wrote ''La Dame aux Camelias''.
143* Creator/PaulFeval, author of ''Literature/JohnDevil'', ''Literature/TheBlackCoats'', ''Literature/TheVampireCountess'', and ''Literature/VampireCity''.
144* Creator/GeorgesFeydeau, master farceur.
145* Creator/GustaveFlaubert, author of ''Literature/MadameBovary, Literature/SentimentalEducation, Salammbo''.
146* Creator/TheophileGautier
147* Creator/VictorHugo, author of ''Literature/TheHunchbackOfNotreDame'' and ''Literature/LesMiserables''.
148* Creator/JorisKarlHuysmans
149* Creator/GuyDeMaupassant, a pioneer of the modern short story.
150* Creator/CharlesPeguy
151* Creator/{{Stendhal}}
152* Creator/PaulVerlaine
153* Creator/JulesVerne, Father of ScienceFiction and author of ''Literature/TwentyThousandLeaguesUnderTheSea'', ''Literature/JourneyToTheCenterOfTheEarth'' and ''Literature/AroundTheWorldInEightyDays''.
154* Creator/AugusteVilliersDeLIsleAdam
155* Creator/EmileZola
156[[/folder]]
157
158[[folder:Galician]]
159* Creator/LeopoldVonSacherMasoch
160[[/folder]]
161
162[[folder:German]]
163* Creator/WilhelmBusch
164* Creator/TheodorFontane: poet, critic, and novelist, who among other things wrote ''Literature/EffiBriest'' and ''Literature/DerStechlin''.
165* Creator/TheBrothersGrimm: while best known for publishing collections of fairy tales and folk stories, the Brothers Grimm were also prominent in linguistics.
166* Creator/ETAHoffmann: Germany's most prominent author of GothicHorror and dark {{romanticism}}.
167* Creator/HeinrichVonKleist, a German [[{{Romanticism}} Romantic era]] writer who killed a terminally ill woman and himself in a suicide pact.
168* [[Creator/KurdLasswitz Kurd Laßwitz]], an early science-fiction author; his ''Auf zwei Planeten'' told of a different kind of Martian invasion one year before ''The War of the Worlds''.
169* Creator/KarlMarx, the catalyst of communism and socialism.
170* Creator/KarlMay, famous in particular for the ''Literature/{{Winnetou}}'' novels and infamous for [[FalselyAdvertisedAccuracy falsely claiming accuracy]] to his fans because he let them believe his novels were factual accounts of his own adventures, although he had no first-hand experience and rather imperfect knowledge of his books' settings when he wrote them.
171* Creator/FriedrichNietzsche, prolific philosopher and writer who wrote ''Literature/ThusSpokeZarathustra'' and TropeNamer for ''EternalRecurrence'', ''GodIsDead'', ''HeWhoFightsMonsters'', ''NietzscheWannabe'' and ''{{Ubermensch}}''. Quoted too many times to count.
172* Creator/FranzXaverVonSchonwerth: Important collector of German fairy tales, folk stories and legends.
173[[/folder]]
174
175[[folder:Hungarian]]
176* Creator/FrigyesKarinthy
177[[/folder]]
178
179[[folder:Indian]]
180* Creator/RabindranathTagore
181[[/folder]]
182
183[[folder:Italian]]
184* Creator/AlessandroManzoni
185[[/folder]]
186
187[[folder:Norwegian]]
188* Creator/AsbjornsenAndMoe
189* Creator/KnutHamsun
190* Creator/HenrikIbsen (playwright)
191* Creator/HenrikWergeland
192[[/folder]]
193
194[[folder:Peruvian]]
195* Creator/JoseMariaEguren
196[[/folder]]
197
198[[folder:Polish]]
199* Creator/JosephConrad (early Modernist author whose works extend into the early twentieth century, though best known for ''Literature/HeartOfDarkness'')
200[[/folder]]
201
202[[folder:Russian]]
203* Creator/AlexanderAfanasyev: FairyTale collector.
204* Creator/MikhailBakunin: Theoretician of UsefulNotes/{{anarchism}}.
205* Creator/AntonChekhov: Playwright and short story author. Tropers will know this man best for his concept of ChekhovsGun. Famous works include ''Theatre/TheSeagull'', ''Theatre/ThreeSisters'', ''Theatre/UncleVanya'' and ''Theatre/TheCherryOrchard''.
206* Creator/FyodorDostoevsky: wrote ''Literature/CrimeAndPunishment'', ''Literature/TheBrothersKaramazov'', and ''Literature/NotesFromUnderground''.
207* Creator/NikolaiGogol: Ukrainian-born writer best known for ''Literature/DeadSouls'', the play ''Revizor'' (''The Government Inspector''), and fantastic short stories such as "The Nose" and "The Overcoat."
208* Creator/AlexanderPushkin: Writer of ''Literature/EugeneOnegin'' and ''Boris Godunov'', the Russian answer to Creator/WilliamShakespeare.
209* Creator/VladimirSolovyov
210* Creator/LeoTolstoy, author of such famed {{doorstopper}}s as ''Literature/WarAndPeace'' and ''Literature/AnnaKarenina''.
211* Creator/IvanTurgenev
212[[/folder]]
213
214[[folder:Serbian]]
215* Creator/VukKaradzic
216[[/folder]]
217
218[[folder:Spanish]]
219* Creator/MiguelDeUnamuno
220[[/folder]]
221
222[[folder:Swedish]]
223* Creator/AugustStrindberg
224* Creator/SelmaLagerlof
225[[/folder]]

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