History UsefulNotes / HanoverStuartWars

** Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'' -- which some reckon to be the first [[HistoricalFiction historical novel]] -- is about the adventures of Edward Waverley, a young Englishman who travels to Scotland during the '45 (initially as an officer of the British Army) and falls in with a group of Jacobite rebels. ''Literature/RobRoy'' is set around the first Jacobite rising. Another of his novels, ''Redgauntlet'', is about a fictional third Jacobite Rebellion.

* Creator/JohnBuchan's novel ''Midwinter'' has a Jacobite officer on a mission in the English Midlands during the '45 who is befriended by Creator/SamuelJohnson (Boswell's ''Life of Johnson'' has very little to say on what he was actually doing during the period 1745-46; Buchan used this as a [[FramingDevice framing device]] for his novel). An elderly Bonnie Prince Charlie appears in Buchan's short story "The Company of the Marjolaine".

** Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'' -- which some reckon to be the first [[HistoricalFiction historical novel]] -- is about the adventures of Edward Waverley, a young Englishman who travels to Scotland and during the '45 (initially as an officer of the British Army) and falls in with a group of Jacobite rebels. ''Literature/RobRoy'' is set around the first Jacobite rising. Another of his novels, ''Redgauntlet'', is about a fictional third Jacobite Rebellion.

* ''Franchise/DoctorWho'' visited this conflict as early as Season 4, with [[https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Recap/DoctorWhoS4E4TheHighlanders "The Highlanders"]], set in the aftermath of Culloden. The Doctor's longest-running companion Jamie [=McCrimmon=] is a Jacobite piper. (Interestingly, the [=McCrimmons=] were a real clan, but fought on the Hanoverian side.)

* In the ''Series/{{Highlander}}'' tv series, the Immortal main character Duncan [=MacLeod=] fought in these wars in several eras. Flashbacks from various seasons show Duncan's evolution from being totally devoted to the attempt to put Charlie on the throne, his one man RoaringRampageOfRevenge after Culloden, (including using his powers as an Immortal to repeatedly hunt down and brutally murder both English leaders and common soldiers who defeated and then oppressed the Scots) and finally his growing disillusionment with both the conflict and Charlie as time went by. This ultimately culminated in him leaving the conflict behind forever, regretful about some the cruel extremes he went to. (And having earned some Immortal enemies from both sides of the conflict along the way.)

* Creator/JohnBuchan's novel ''Midwinter'' has a Jacobite officer on a mission in the English Midlands during the '45 who is befriended by Creator/SamuelJohnson (Boswell's ''Life of Johnson'' has very little to say on what he was doing during the period 1745-46; Buchan used this as a [[FramingDevice framing device]] for his novel). An elderly Bonnie Prince Charlie appears in Buchan's short story "The Company of the Marjolaine".

* ''Literature/ASongOfIceAndFire'' features many references to this conflict. The Blackfyre Rebellion, which didn't exactly come from Parliamentary reform, follows the structure of the Jacobite conflict, with the defeated becoming exiles and mercenaries on another continent, periodically conducting many failed rebellions, with their homegrown supporters and sympathizers fiercely persecuted by the government. The Glencoe Massacre is also frequently cited as one of several inspirations for the infamous "Red Wedding", which takes place in the third book of the series.

** Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'' -- which some reckon to be the first [[HistoricalFiction historical novel]] -- is about the adventures of Edward Waverley, a young Englishman who travels to Scotland and during the '45 (initially as an officer of the British Army) and falls in with a group of Jacobite rebels. Another of his novels, ''Redgauntlet'', is about a fictional third Jacobite Rebellion.

During the second half of the eighteenth century, the Stuart cause withered away, its noble supporters disinterested and its common supporters alienated and beaten. Eventually, Henry Benedict Stuart -- Charles Edward's younger brother -- received an annuity from George III [[note]] Either an act of charity after Henry lost all of his French property as a result of UsefulNotes/TheFrenchRevolution or the payment of money that was legally owed to him, depending on your point of view [[/note]]. Although Henry, who was a Cardinal in the Roman Catholic church, never formally asserted his claim to the British throne after his brother's death, he never renounced it either, and he was opposed to the Vatican's 1792 decision to formally recognise George III as King of Great Britain and Ireland (the Papacy having previously just recognised him as the Elector of Hanover) [[note]] Henry, his father and brother are buried in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome; among the subscribers to their monument there was George IV, who admired the legend [[/note]].

* ''Franchise/DoctorWho'' visited this conflict as early as Season 4, with [[https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Recap/DoctorWhoS4E4TheHighlanders "The Highlanders"]], set in the aftermath of Culloden. The Doctor's longest-running companion Jamie McCrimmon is a Jacobite piper. (Interestingly, the McCrimmons were a real clan, but fought on the Hanoverian side.)

A sequel or continuation of the UsefulNotes/EnglishCivilWar that more or less decided the form of the British government. Following the birth of a son to the Catholic King James II and VII,[[note]]He was the second King James of England, but the seventh King James of Scotland.[[/note]] there was a coup (known to some as ''The Glorious Revolution'' partly because of its surprisingly easy success). The Stuart dynasty was expelled for fear of presumed contact with Catholic powers (the [[UsefulNotes/ThirtyYearsWar Wars of Religion]] were dying down but their aftertaste remained). James Stuart was tentatively replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary II (who ruled jointly with her husband, William III) and then his other daughter Anne, but each in turn died without surviving issue.

** Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'' is about a young Englishman — the title character — who falls in with a group of Scottish rebels during the '45. Another of his novels, ''Redgauntlet'', is about a fictional third Jacobite Rebellion.

Parliament thereupon brought the ruler of the somewhat obscure German principality of Hanover [[note]]Hanover was one of the more powerful German principalities, being more or less dominant in the northwest (albeit in competition with Prussia), but compared to Great Britain, a Power on the European stage when they took the throne, and by the end of the wars in question, a global Great Power, it did indeed seem puny.[[/note]] to sit on the throne, as although they were only distantly related to the reigning dynasty (the first Hanoverian to become British monarch was the great-grandson of King James I and VI on his mother's mother's side, making him the first cousin once removed of James II and second cousin to Mary II and Anne) they were the closest relations who were Protestants (by this point, the fact that the Hanover rulers were Lutherans while Britain was Anglican and Presbyterian mattered less than the monarch ''not'' being Catholic).

In response [[LaResistance a conspiracy]] formed to restore the Stuarts. Supporters of the Stuarts were called Jacobites, after "Jacobus," the Latin form of "James" (as in James II). The Jacobites -- led by James II's son James Francis Edward Stuart (a.k.a. the Old Pretender) and later ''his'' son Charles Edward Stuart (a.k.a. the Young Pretender, or "Bonnie Prince Charlie") made several attempts to organize revolts in their name, and appealed to continental monarchs -- especially France -- for aid. The two principal uprisings, known as the two Jacobite Rebellions, occurred in 1715 and 1745 -- the latter, often referred to as "The '45", ended at the battle of Culloden (which actually took place the following year). Each attempt was suppressed until the Stuart cause simply withered away, its noble supporters disinterested and its common supporters alienated and beaten.

** Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'' is about a young Englishman who becomes a British Army officer but falls in with a group of Scottish rebels during the '45. Another of his novels, ''Redgauntlet'', is about a fictional third Jacobite Rebellion.

** Stevenson's ''Literature/{{Kidnapped}}'' is about an OddFriendship between David Balfour (a Lowland boy of Hanoverian persuasion) and Alan Breck Stewart (a real-life Jacobite Highland warrior) several years after the '45. Another of his novels, ‘’Literature/TheMasterOfBallantrae'', is about two brothers, James and Henry Durie, who agree to support different sides in the '45 to ensure that the family estate will be safe regardless of who wins — a decision with long-reaching consequences.

* Creator/JohnBuchan's novel ''Midwinter'' has a Jacobite officer on a mission in the English Midlands during the '45 who is befriended by Creator/SamuelJohnson. Although he was a staunch Anglican (ie. Protestant), Johnson was known to have expressed sympathy for the Jacobite cause (interestingly, Boswell's ''Life of Johnson'' has very little to say on what he was doing during the period 1745-46; Buchan used this as a [[FramingDevice framing device]] for his novel). An elderly Bonnie Prince Charlie appears in Buchan's short story "The Company of the Marjolaine".

** Stevenson's ''Literature/{{Kidnapped}}'' is about an OddFriendship between David Balfour (a Lowland boy of Hanoverian persuasion) and Alan Breck Stewart (a real-life Jacobite Highland warrior) several years after the '45. Another of his novels, ''The Master of Ballantrae'', is about two brothers, James and Henry Durie, who agree to support different sides to ensure that the family estate will be safe regardless of who wins — a decision with long-reaching consequences.

A sequel or continuation of the UsefulNotes/EnglishCivilWar that more or less decided the form of the British government. Following the birth of a son to the Catholic King James II and VII,[[note]]He was the second King James of England, but the seventh King James of Scotland.[[/note]] there was a coup (known to some as ''The Glorious Revolution'' partly because of its surprisingly easy success). The Stuart dynasty was expelled for fear of presumed contact with Catholic powers (the [[UsefulNotes/ThirtyYearsWar Wars of Religion]] were dying down but their aftertaste remained). James Stuart was tentatively replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary II (who ruled jointly with her husband, William III) and then his other daughter Anne, but each in turn died without issue.

* Stevenson's ''Literature/{{Kidnapped}}'', which is about an OddFriendship between a lowland boy of Hanoverian persuasion and a Jacobite Highland warrior several years after the '45.
** Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'', which is about a young Englishman who falls in with a group of Scottish rebels during the '45. Another of his novels, ''Redgauntlet'', is about a fictional third Jacobite Rebellion.

In response [[LaResistance a conspiracy]] formed to restore the Stuarts. Supporters of the Stuarts were called Jacobites, after "Jacobus," the Latin form of "James" (as in James II). The Jacobites -- led by James II's son James Francis Edward Stuart (a.k.a. the Old Pretender) and later ''his'' son Charles Edward Stuart (a.k.a. the Young Pretender, or "Bonnie Prince Charlie") made several attempts to organize revolts in their name, and appealed to continental monarchs -- especially France -- for aid. The two principal uprisings occured in 1715 and 1745 -- the latter, often referred to as "The '45", ending at the battle of Culloden (which actually took place the following year). Each attempt was suppressed until the Stuart cause simply withered away, its noble supporters disinterested and its common supporters alienated and beaten.

* This series of wars has been dealt with in fiction by several authors, including Sir Creator/WalterScott and Creator/RobertLouisStevenson.
** One of the most famous fictional works about this is Stevenson's ''Literature/{{Kidnapped}}'', which is about an OddFriendship between a lowland boy of Hanoverian persuasion and a Jacobite Highland warrior.
** One of the other famous fictional works about this is Scott's ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'', which is about a young Englishman who falls in with a group of Scottish rebels during the 1745 uprising.
* Creator/JohnBuchan's novel ''Midwinter'' has a Jacobite officer on a mission in the English Midlands during the '45 who is befriended by Creator/SamuelJohnson. Although he was a staunch Anglican (ie. Protestant), Johnson was known to have expressed sympathy for the Jacobite cause (interestingly, Boswell's ''Life of Johnson'' has very little to say on what he was doing during the period 1745-46; Buchan used this as a [[FramingDevice framing device]] for his novel).

A sequel or continuation of the UsefulNotes/EnglishCivilWar that more or less decided the form of the British government. Following the birth of a son to the Catholic King James II and VII,[[note]]He was the second King James of England, but the seventh King James of Scotland.[[/note]] there was a coup (known to some as ''The Glorious Revolution'' partly because of its surprisingly easy success). The Stuart dynasty was expelled for fear of presumed contact with Catholic powers (the [[UsefulNotes/ThirtyYearsWar Wars of Religion]] were dying down but their aftertaste remained). James Stuart was tentatively replaced by his daughter Mary II and then his other daughter Anne, but each in turn died without issue. Parliament thereupon brought the ruler of the somewhat obscure German principality of Hanover [[note]]Hanover was one of the more powerful German principalities, being more or less dominant in the northwest (albeit in competition with Prussia), but compared to Great Britain, a Power on the European stage when they took the throne, and by the end of the wars in question, a global Great Power, it did indeed seem puny.[[/note]] to sit on the throne, as although they were only distantly related to the reigning dynasty (the first Hanoverian to become British monarch was the great-grandson of King James I and VI on his mother's mother's side, making him the first cousin once removed of James II and second cousin to Mary II and Anne) they were the closest relations who were Protestants (by this point, the fact that the Hanover rulers were Lutherans while Britain was Anglican and Presbyterian mattered less than the monarch ''not'' being Catholic).

In response [[LaResistance a conspiracy]] formed to restore the Stuarts. Supporters of the Stuarts were called Jacobites, after "Jacobus," the Latin form of "James" (as in James II). The Jacobites made several attempts to organize revolts in their name, and appealed to continental monarchs especially France for aid. However, each attempt was suppressed until the Stuart cause simply withered away, its noble supporters disinterested and its common supporters alienated and beaten. The conflict nominally originated in a dispute over the nature of the British constitution, specifically the Right of Succession, Jacobites holding it to be a royal birthright, the Hanoverians a liberty of parliament. However, it also drew in various cultural, ethnic and religious conflicts, particularly between the largely Protestant English, Lowland Scots and Ulster Scots, and the largely Roman Catholic Irish and Highland Gaels. Or to put it cynically, Scots and Irish were fighting English and Scots to decide whether a Frenchman or a German would sit on the throne of Britain.

Although it is generally accepted that the Hanoverians were the preferable candidate, having greater respect for parliamentary authority, a good deal of Jacobite romanticism still exists, particularly in Scotland; although in Ireland it was largely superseded by republican sentiments, it entered the Scottish nationalist mythology, the Jacobite Highlander becoming the iconic image of the Scottish nationalist movement. To this day, there exists a number of Britons who express support for the Jacobite cause, although the current claimant, Duke Franz of Bavaria - "Francis II", in the Jacobite reckoning - has formally declined to pursue the claim.

* One of the most famous fictional works about this is ''Literature/{{Kidnapped}}'' by Creator/RobertLouisStevenson, which is about an OddFriendship between a lowland boy of Hanoverian persuasion and a Jacobite Highland warrior.

* ''Literature/{{Waverley}}'': A naive young man joins the Jacobite cause to impress a girl.

!! Tropes associated with the Hanover Stuart Wars:

* AwesomeMomentOfCrowning: Despite their efforts, neither James III nor Charles III had this.
* TheButcher: General Cumberland. Well earned.
* TheClan: The Highland Clans, on both sides of the conflict.
* CoolSword: Highlanders and their claymores.
* EverythingsLouderWithBagpipes : According to tales, TheGovernment actually banned bagpipes as an ''illegal weapon.'' Anyone who has heard bagpipes up close can easily imagine why.
* FamilyHonor: UpToEleven
* FeudingFamilies: The Royal Houses of Hanover and Stuart. Also the more local feuds often overlapped, particularly in the Highlands, where the conflict was often superimposed onto old clan rivalries, most notoriously that of the Campbells and [=MacDonald=]s.
* FightingForAHomeland: After the victories of William of Orange at the Boyne, Aughrim, and Limerick, there was a massive exodus of Irish supporters of King James II called "the Flight of the Wild Geese". They spent years in the service of the French and Spanish armies, preferring to fight for their fellow Catholics rather than stay in a foreign-occupied Ireland. Young men from Ireland and Scotland continued to enter the French service for decades, and during the Hanover-Stuart Wars, many of them ''returned'' with "Bonnie Prince Charlie" to try and reclaim his throne for him. Others didn't, but gained prominence across Catholic Europe; the most famous descendant of a Wild Goose is probably Patrice de Mac-Mahon, a general and the first President of the [[UsefulNotes/FrenchPoliticalSystem Third French Republic]], with Chilean liberator Bernardo O'Higgins (whose father was chased out of his landholdings in County Sligo in the 1720s) a close second.
* GoodOldWays: Romantic Scots sometimes regard the Highland clan system, suppressed in reaction to the wars, as such.
* GovernmentInExile : The Stuart court in France.
* HistoricalHeroUpgrade: Bonnie Prince Charlie. Sort of. The prince lived his life in the French court, and behaved like a typical French noble. In his despair he fell to drink. He was adulterous, and was once accused of abuse by an angry lover (rightly or wrongly). As nobility of his day went he wasn't spectacularly evil (except for the unconfirmed accusation of abuse), and arguably should be [[TheWoobie pitied]] more than anything. But his status as a hero is more because he was a convenient symbol for a lost cause than because of his actual behaviour, and some of his followers deserve more of a reputation for heroism then he did.
* {{Irony}} : If the theoretical claim of the Jacobite heir is taken seriously, Britain would end up with a German monarch after all!
* KillThemAll: The British at the Battle of Culloden Moor.
** Done at the infamous Glencoe Massacre where at least 40 members of the [=MacDonald=] clan were murdered in their beds. The order signed by King William specifically stated that no one below the age of 70 was to be left alive.
* KnowWhenToFoldEm: Bonnie Prince Charlie's brother, Henry Benedict Stuart, took religious orders, thus ending the direct progeny of the Old Pretender. However, other branches of the family remain to this day, the current heirs being the House of Wittelsbach, currently pretenders to the Duchy of Bavaria (since all titles of nobility were abolished with the proclamation of the German (Weimar) Republic in 1918). However, they've shown absolutely no interest in pursuing the claim, formally declining it.
* LogicBomb: The Stuarts (and indeed the Hanovers until it was quietly dropped in 1801) claimed to be Kings of France and used it in their coronation oaths--being a very old and silly claim left over from UsefulNotes/TheHundredYearsWar that any King of England was also King of France. Of course, in this period the Stuarts were in exile in France and were supported as pretenders by the Kings of France, who provided them with coronation ceremonies and attended. So to recap, the ''actual'' King of France stood there watching approvingly as the Stuart pretenders were crowned 'King of England, ''France'', Scotland and Ireland' in front of them...what?!
** Even more ridiculously, Oliver and Richard Cromwell supposedly also kept this claim ''even though the monarchy had been abolished''. On coins of the period, Oliver Cromwell is referred to as "Protector of the Republic of England, Scotland and Ireland & etc" with the "& etc" referring to the claim to France.
* TheMigration: Many Jacobites left the British Isles after the failure of various rebellions. Irish exiles were famously known as "the Wild Geese", a term later used in reference to Irishmen serving abroad in foreign armies, sometimes including the British army.
** There was a [=MacDonald=] who ended up as a Marshal in the army of UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte, a Barclay who was a Marshal of Russia (who fought Napoleon), a [=MacMahon=] who became a Marshal of France and a president of the Third Republic, and a Pitcairn and a Gordon who were Luftwaffe aces during UsefulNotes/WorldWarII.
* NobleFugitive: Bonnie Prince Charlie, "The Prince in the Heather", on his famous escape after Culloden.
* PoliticalCorrectnessGoneMad: In polite circles it was common to call Charles "the Chevalier" as a euphemistic alternative to either "prince" or "pretender". Either one of these words would be inflammatory to the other faction, whereas everyone agreed that Charlie was at least an aristocrat.
* ProudWarriorRace: The Scottish Highlanders are often characterized as such, although in reality few were professional soldiers.
* RapePillageAndBurn: General Cumberland specifically ''ordered'' this done to the Highlands in order to render it incapable of revolting again. The Scottish are still holding a grudge.
* TheRemnant: The Jacobites.
* RightfulKingReturns: Repeatedly attempted by the Stuarts, but never successfully carried out.
* SacredHospitality: The Highland noblewoman Flora [=MacDonald=] sheltered the Prince as he fled.
** Averted in the famous Glencoe Massacre, an event which still creates tensions in some parts of Scotland today, and is frequently referred to in much fiction.
* UsefulNotes/TheTroubles: Partially the result of the long-term fallout of this conflict.
* ValuesDissonance: To many modern eyes, at least, it does seem a bit odd to make such a fuss over who is king.
** Although as with many conflicts throughout history that look like they're just dynastic struggles, the Hanovers and the Stuarts did represent very different ideologies, factions, and interests, with mainly the Stuarts representing traditional landed interests as well as a Europe-centric foreign policy and the Hanovers being backed generally by pro-commerce and pro-colonization factions.
* WeAREStrugglingTogether: To later Scottish nationalists, both the Highland/Lowland divide and the inter-clan conflicts of the Highlands appear as such. While this is largely anachronistic, it emerged by the end of the 18th century, making that particular item of mythology OlderThanSteam.
** As UsefulNotes/FitzroyMaclean pointed out, each chief regarded himself as effectively an independent monarch, making it no more illogical for clans to struggle together than for England and Scotland, or Britain and France to struggle together.
* TheWrongfulHeirToTheThrone
* YouWillBeAssimilated: Following Culloden the British government managed to, by shrewd policy, attain peace in the Highlands and even convince Highlanders to fight for them. As a result, the Highland units of the British Army toured the world, gaining a reputation as [[BadassArmy some of the most feared Badass Regiments in the British Army,]] serving in the Americas, against [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte Napoleon]], in [[UsefulNotes/TheRaj India]], [[UsefulNotes/TheCrimeanWar the Crimea]], against [[UsefulNotes/TheSecondBoerWar the Boers]], and against [[UsefulNotes/WorldWarOne the German Empire]] (whose soldiers referred to the kilted Highlanders 'as devils in skirts') among others.

----

* ''Literature/ASongOfIceAndFire'' features many references to this conflict. The Blackfyre Rebellion, which didn't exactly come from Parliamentary reform, follows the structure of the Jacobite conflict, with the defeated becoming exiles and mercenaries on another continent, periodically conducting many failed rebellions, with their homegrown supporters and sympathizers fiercely persecuted by the government.

A sequel or continuation of the UsefulNotes/EnglishCivilWar that more or less decided the form of the British government. Following the birth of a son to the Catholic King James II and VII,[[note]]He was the second King James of England, but the seventh King James of Scotland.[[/note]] there was a coup (known to some as ''The Glorious Revolution'' partly because of its surprisingly easy success). The Stuart dynasty was expelled for fear of presumed contact with Catholic powers (the [[UsefulNotes/ThirtyYearsWar Wars of Religion]] were dying down but their aftertaste remained). James Stuart was tentatively replaced by his daughter Mary II and then his other daughter Anne, but each in turn died without issue. Parliament thereupon brought the ruler of the somewhat obscure German principality of Hanover [[note]]Hanover was one of the more powerful German principalities, being more or less dominant in the northwest (albeit in competition with Prussia), but compared to Great Britain, an unquestioned Great Power not only on a European but by that time a world scale, it did indeed seem puny.[[/note]] to sit on the throne, as although they were only distantly related to the reigning dynasty (the first Hanoverian to become British monarch was the great-grandson of King James I and VI on his mother's mother's side, making him the first cousin once removed of James II and second cousin to Mary II and Anne) they were the closest relations who were Protestants (by this point, the fact that the Hanover rulers were Lutherans while Britain was Anglican and Presbyterian mattered less than the monarch ''not'' being Catholic).

* EverythingsLouderWithBagpipes : According to tales, TheGovernment actually banned bagpipes as an ''illegal weapon.''

* FightingForAHomeland: After the victories of William of Orange at the Boyne, Aughrim, and Limerick, there was a massive exodus of Irish supporters of King James II called "the Flight of the Wild Geese". They spent years in the service of the French and Spanish armies, preferring to fight for their fellow Catholics rather than stay in a foreign-occupied Ireland. Young men from Ireland and Scotland continued to enter the French service for decades, and during the Hanover-Stuart Wars, many of them ''returned'' with "Bonnie Prince Charlie" to try and reclaim his throne for him. Others didn't, but gained prominence across Catholic Europe; the most famous descendant of a Wild Goose is probably Patrice de Mac-Mahon, a general and the first President of the [[UsefulNotes/FrenchPoliticalSystem Third French Republic]], with Chilean liberator Bernardo O'Higgins (whose father was chased out of its landholdings in County Sligo in the 1720s) a close second.

* HistoricalHeroUpgrade: Bonnie Prince Charlie. Sort of. The prince lived his life in the French court, and behaved like a typical French noble. In his despair he fell to drink. He was adulterous, and was once accused of abuse by an angry lover (rightly or wrongly). As nobility of his day went he wasn't spectacularly evil (except for the unconfirmed accusation of abuse), and arguably should be [[TheWoobie pitied]] more than anything. But his status as a hero is more because he was a convenient symbol for a lost cause than because of his actual behavior, and some of his followers deserve more of a reputation for heroism then he did.
* {{Irony}} : If the theoretical claim of the Jacobite heir is taken seriously, Britain would end up with a German monarch after all!

* KnowWhenToFoldEm: Bonnie Prince Charlie's brother, Henry Benedict Stuart, took religious orders, thus ending the direct progeny of the Old Pretender. However, other branches of the family remain to this day, the current claimants being the House of Wittelsbach, currently pretenders to the Duchy of Bavaria (since all titles of nobility were abolished with the proclamation of the German (Weimar) Republic in 1918).

* RapePillageAndBurn: General Cumberland specifically ''ordered'' this done to the Highlands in order to render it incapable of revolting again.

* ValuesDissonance: To many modern eyes, at least, it does seem a bit odd to make such a worry over who is king.

* YouWillBeAssimilated: Following Culloden the British government managed to, by shrewd policy, attain peace in the Highlands and even convince Highlanders to fight for them. As a result, the Highland units of the British Army toured the world, gaining a reputation as [[BadassArmy Badass Regiments]] in the Americas, against [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte Napoleon]], in [[UsefulNotes/TheRaj India]], [[UsefulNotes/TheCrimeanWar the Crimea]], and against [[UsefulNotes/TheSecondBoerWar the Boers]], among others.

* FeudingFamilies: The Royal Houses of Hanover and Stuart. Also the more local feuds often overlapped, particularly in the Highlands, where the conflict was often superimposed onto old clan rivalries, most notoriously that of the Campbells and MacDonalds.

** Done at the infamous Glencoe Massacre where at least 40 members of the MacDonald clan were murdered in their beds. The order signed by King William specifically stated that no one below the age of 70 was to be left alive.

* FightingForAHomeland: After the victories of William of Orange at the Boyne, Aughrim, and Limerick, there had a massive exodus of Irish supporters of King James II called "the Flight of the Wild Geese". They spent years in the service of the French and Spanish armies, preferring to fight for their fellow Catholics rather than stay in a foreign-occupied Ireland. Young men from Ireland and Scotland continued to enter the French service for decades, and during the Hanover-Stuart Wars, many of them ''returned'' with "Bonnie Prince Charlie" to try and reclaim his throne for him. Others didn't, but gained prominence across Catholic Europe; the most famous descendant of a Wild Goose is probably Patrice de Mac-Mahon, a general and the first President of the [[UsefulNotes/FrenchPoliticalSystem Third French Republic]], with Chilean liberator Bernardo O'Higgins (whose father was chased out of its landholdings in County Sligo in the 1720s) a close second.

* HistoricalHeroUpgrade: Bonnie Prince Charlie. Sort of. The prince lived his life in the French court, and behaved like a typical French noble. In his despair he fell to drink. He was adulterous, and was once accused of abuse by an angry lover (rightly or wrongly). As nobility of his day went he wasn't spectacularly evil (except for the unconfirmed accusation of abuse), and arguably should be [[TheWoobie pitied]] more than anything. But his status as a hero is more because he was a convenient symbol for a lost cause than because of his actual behaviour, and some of his followers deserve more of a reputation for heroism then he did.

* KnowWhenToFoldEm : Bonnie Prince Charlie's brother, Henry Benedict Stuart, took religious orders, thus ending the direct progeny of the Old Pretender. However, other branches of the family remain to this day, the current claimants being the House of Wittelsbach, currently pretenders to the Duchy of Bavaria (since all titles of nobility were abolished with the proclamation of the German (Weimar) Republic in 1918).

* PoliticalCorrectnessGoneMad: In polite circles it was common to call Charles "the Cheveliar" as a euphemistic alternative to either "prince" or "pretender". Either one of these words would be inflamatory to the other faction whereas everyone agreed that Charlie was at least an aristocrat.
* ProudWarriorRace: The Scottish Highlanders are often characterised as such, although in reality few were professional soldiers.

* SacredHospitality: The Highland Noblewoman Flora [=MacDonald=] sheltered the Prince as he fled.
** Averted in the famous Glencoe Massacre, an event which still creates tensions in some parts of Scotland today, and frequently referred to in much fiction.

** As UsefulNotes/FitzroyMaclean pointed out, each chief regarded himself as effectively an independent monarch making it no more illogical for clans to struggle together than for England and Scotland, or Britain and France to struggle together.

* YouWillBeAssimilated: Following Culloden the British Government managed to, by shrewd policy, attain peace in the Highlands and even convince Highlanders to fight for them. As a result, the Highland units of the British Army toured the world, gaining a reputation as [[BadassArmy Badass Regiments]] in the Americas, against [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte Napoleon]], in [[UsefulNotes/TheRaj India]] and [[UsefulNotes/TheCrimeanWar the Crimea]], and against [[UsefulNotes/TheSecondBoerWar the Boers]], amongst others.

* This series of wars has been dealt with in fiction by several authors including Sir Creator/WalterScott and Creator/RobertLouisStevenson.

* ''Literature/ASongOfIceAndFire'' features many references to this conflict. The Blackfyre Rebellion which didn't exactly come from Parliamentary reform, follows the structure of the Jacobite conflict, with the defeated becoming exiles and mercenaries on another continent, periodically conducting many failed rebellions with their homegrown supporters and sympathizers fiercely persecuted by the government.

A sequel or continuation of the EnglishCivilWar that more or less decided the form of the British government. Following the birth of a son to the Catholic King James II and VII,[[note]]He was the second King James of England, but the seventh King James of Scotland.[[/note]] there was a coup (known to some as ''The Glorious Revolution'' partly because of its surprisingly easy success). The Stuart dynasty was expelled for fear of presumed contact with Catholic powers (the [[UsefulNotes/ThirtyYearsWar Wars of Religion]] were dying down but their aftertaste remained). James Stuart was tentatively replaced by his daughter Mary II and then his other daughter Anne, but each in turn died without issue. Parliament thereupon brought the ruler of the somewhat obscure German principality of Hanover [[note]]Hanover was one of the more powerful German principalities, being more or less dominant in the northwest (albeit in competition with Prussia), but compared to Great Britain, an unquestioned Great Power not only on a European but by that time a world scale, it did indeed seem puny.[[/note]] to sit on the throne, as although they were only distantly related to the reigning dynasty (the first Hanoverian to become British monarch was the great-grandson of King James I and VI on his mother's mother's side, making him the first cousin once removed of James II and second cousin to Mary II and Anne) they were the closest relations who were Protestants (by this point, the fact that the Hanover rulers were Lutherans while Britain was Anglican and Presbyterian mattered less than the monarch ''not'' being Catholic).

** There was a [=MacDonald=] who ended up as a Marshal in the army of UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte, a Barclay who was a Marshal of Russia (who fought Napoleon), a [=MacMahon=] who became a Marshal of France and a president of the Third Republic, and a Pitcairn and a Gordon who were Luftwaffe aces during WorldWarII.

** As FitzroyMaclean pointed out, each chief regarded himself as effectively an independent monarch making it no more illogical for clans to struggle together than for England and Scotland, or Britain and France to struggle together.