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Back in [[UsefulNotes/TheSixties the 1960s]], Jânio Quadros had been officially elected the 22nd President of Brazil in a landslide victory in the elections of 1960 - in no small part because Quadros' opponent, Henrique Lott, was a public relations ''disaster'' who greatly alienated his supporters with blunt and offensive comments. However, back then, instead of a presidential candidate choosing their vice-president running mate during their campaign, the population voted in the vice-president seperately from the president, which easily created the scenario of a President and a Vice-President being of opposite or even inimical parties. This is what happened in [='61=], as although Quadros was elected president, the elected vice-president was João Goulart, who was Lott's running mate, and therefore a rival of Quadros, as Goulart was a firm left-wing politician while Quadros was a right-winger.

However, that problem was nowhere near as bad as Quadros' actual policies - the man was known for being a [[CloudCuckooLander complete loon]], intentionally avoiding fulfilling his duties, scapegoating his problems on the previous president Juscelino Kubitschek, but perhaps most relevantly for [[UsefulNotes/ColdWar the time period]], mistakenly believing he could play [[UsefulNotes/UnitedStates both]] [[UsefulNotes/SovietRussiaUkraineAndSoOn giants]] for his own benefit. He actively pandered to both the United States and the Eastern Bloc, but drew a lot of ire from the capitalist conservative groups in Brazil for the latter, as it often involved directly dealing with Cuba, China, and the Soviet Union itself, and going as far as to granting Brazil's highest medal for foreigners to ''UsefulNotes/CheGuevara''. Accusations of communism sympathy were rampant, and Quadros' approval rapidly declined.

However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]]. [[BreadEggsBreadedEggs Or he believed that he could pull a self-coup *while* drunk.]] He would continue chalking it up to the "terrible occult forces" without further elaborating when asked in subsequent years, though on one ocasion he reportedly simply said that he did it "because I could."[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into [[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Cuba 2: Electric Boogaloo]]. As fearful of communism in the Americas as ever, the US government agreed with them.


to:

Back in [[UsefulNotes/TheSixties the 1960s]], Jânio Quadros had been officially was elected the 22nd President of Brazil in a landslide victory in the elections of 1960 - in no small part because Quadros' opponent, Henrique Lott, was a public relations ''disaster'' who greatly alienated his supporters with blunt and offensive comments. However, back then, instead of a presidential candidate choosing their vice-president running mate during their campaign, the population voted in the vice-president seperately from the president, which easily created the scenario of a President and a Vice-President being of opposite or even inimical parties. This is what happened in [='61=], as although Quadros was elected president, the elected vice-president was João Goulart, who was Lott's running mate, and therefore a rival of Quadros, as Goulart was a firm left-wing politician while Quadros was a right-winger.

However, that problem was nowhere near as bad as Quadros' actual policies - the man was known for being a [[CloudCuckooLander [[{{Cloudcuckoolander}} complete loon]], intentionally avoiding fulfilling his duties, scapegoating his problems on the previous president Juscelino Kubitschek, but perhaps most relevantly for [[UsefulNotes/ColdWar the time period]], mistakenly believing he could play [[UsefulNotes/UnitedStates both]] [[UsefulNotes/SovietRussiaUkraineAndSoOn giants]] for his own benefit. He actively pandered to both the United States and the Eastern Bloc, but drew a lot of ire from the capitalist conservative groups in Brazil for the latter, as it often involved directly dealing with Cuba, China, and the Soviet Union itself, and going as far as to granting Brazil's highest medal for foreigners to ''UsefulNotes/CheGuevara''. Accusations of communism sympathy were rampant, and Quadros' approval rapidly declined.

However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his the presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]]. [[BreadEggsBreadedEggs Or he believed that he could pull a self-coup *while* drunk.]] He would continue chalking it up to the "terrible occult forces" without further elaborating when asked in subsequent years, years (being particularly mad that [[BeamMeUpScotty it got misquoted]] in the intervening years as "''occult'' forces" instead, saying that he specifically called them terrible "because they never were occult", though on one ocasion he reportedly simply said that he did it "because I could."[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into [[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Cuba 2: Electric Boogaloo]]. As fearful of communism in the Americas as ever, the US government agreed with them.




On April 1st, 1964, after nearly three years of intense political tension, and subtle under-the-hood political manipulation of the situation from the United States, the Brazilian military led by [[TheGeneralissimo Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco]] [[MilitaryCoup threw a]] [[TheCoup coup]] that ousted Goulart from presidency. As Goulart fled to exile in neighbouring UsefulNotes/{{Uruguay}} (and died ten years later in Argentina), at first the idea was to have Castello Branco in charge for a while and then new elections would be called soon [[labelnote:trivia]]This idea was called a "cirurgical intervention" because new government was supposed to be [[{{Irony}} "a doctor" who would "take care" of Brazil and then leave]].[[/labelnote]] and Castello Branco himself was chosen to lead the coup because of his great track record [[ItSeemedLikeAGoodIdeaAtTheTime which made he seems as the one least likely to result in a totally destroyed democracy among the putschists]]. However, as you can imagine, it was not everyone who was worried about clinging onto even a little piece of democratic beliefs, enter the hardliners, a faction of the Brazilian military who can have its origins traced back to certain positivist officers all the way back from late Imperial times who like their cold war counterparts, [[DespotismJustifiesTheMeans believed that civilian rule was stupid and the army was the only institution who could properly run the country]] and since now they were confronted with a chance of finally achieving this plan, they rallied under the leadership of [[GeneralRipper General Costa e Silva]][[note]]who was Minister of War at the time.[[/note]] and realized a soft coup. Now with Castello Branco out of the scene and Costa e Silva in charge, [[FromBadToWorse a military junta was officially established]], adopting a hardline anticommunist, ultranationalistic stance that sought to reform the political-economic system that saw a new Constitution being made, all political parties being abolished, civilians and citizens being prevented from being elected and all elections being indirect. There were only two parties after the coup: the National Renewal Alliance, known as [[FunWithAcronyms ARENA]] (the Regime's party); and the Brazilian Democratic Movement, known as the [=MDB=] (the controlled opposition party) [[labelnote:trivia]]The [=MDB=] would live on after the regime ended, for a moment renaming itself as [=PMDB=] and "giving birth" to numerous other parties, before renaming itself back to the [=MDB=]. Left-wing pundits argue that, ironically, the [=MDB=] threw a coup of its own ''much'' later in 2016, against the Workers' Party to impeach president Dilma Rousseff on allegedly fabricated reasons[[/labelnote]]. This was done to avoid being seen as an autocratic dictatorship like the one implemented by Getúlio Vargas in the '30s and give the illusion Brazil was still a working democracy by allowing more than one party (even if the alternative held no power). However this did not change what it was: a totalitarian BananaRepublic established to the loud cheers of rich corporate owners and the middle class - and the panic of students, Marxists, poor workers, and left-leaning Brazilians.

to:

On April 1st, 1964, after nearly three years of intense political tension, and subtle under-the-hood political manipulation of the situation from the United States, the Brazilian military led by [[TheGeneralissimo Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco]] [[MilitaryCoup threw a]] [[TheCoup coup]] that ousted Goulart from presidency. As Goulart fled to exile in neighbouring UsefulNotes/{{Uruguay}} (and died ten years later in Argentina), at first the idea was to have Castello Branco in charge for a while and then new elections would be called soon [[labelnote:trivia]]This [[note]]This idea was called a "cirurgical intervention" because new government was supposed to be [[{{Irony}} "a doctor" who would "take care" of Brazil and then leave]].[[/labelnote]] [[/note]] and Castello Branco himself was chosen to lead the coup because of his great track record [[ItSeemedLikeAGoodIdeaAtTheTime which made he seems as the one least likely to result in a totally destroyed democracy among the putschists]]. However, as you can imagine, it was not everyone who was worried about clinging onto even a little piece of democratic beliefs, enter the hardliners, a faction of the Brazilian military who can have its origins traced back to certain positivist officers all the way back from late Imperial times who like their cold war counterparts, [[DespotismJustifiesTheMeans believed that civilian rule was stupid and the army was the only institution who could properly run the country]] and since now they were confronted with a chance of finally achieving this plan, they rallied under the leadership of [[GeneralRipper General Costa e Silva]][[note]]who was Minister of War at the time.[[/note]] and realized a soft coup. Now with Castello Branco out of the scene and Costa e Silva in charge, [[FromBadToWorse a military junta was officially established]], adopting a hardline anticommunist, ultranationalistic stance that sought to reform the political-economic system that saw a new Constitution being made, all political parties being abolished, civilians and citizens being prevented from being elected and all elections being indirect. There were only two parties after the coup: the National Renewal Alliance, known as [[FunWithAcronyms ARENA]] (the Regime's party); and the Brazilian Democratic Movement, known as the [=MDB=] (the controlled opposition party) [[labelnote:trivia]]The [=MDB=] would live on after the regime ended, for a moment renaming itself as [=PMDB=] and "giving birth" to numerous other parties, before renaming itself back to the [=MDB=]. Left-wing pundits argue that, ironically, the [=MDB=] threw a coup of its own ''much'' later in 2016, against the Workers' Party to impeach president Dilma Rousseff on allegedly fabricated reasons[[/labelnote]]. This was done to avoid being seen as an autocratic dictatorship like the one implemented by Getúlio Vargas in the '30s and give the illusion Brazil was still a working democracy by allowing more than one party (even if the alternative held no power). However this did not change what it was: a totalitarian BananaRepublic established to the loud cheers of rich corporate owners and the middle class - and the panic of students, Marxists, poor workers, and left-leaning Brazilians.
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I'm pretty sure the word is "economic", not "economical". Feel free to correct me if I'm wrong.


However, that problem was nowhere near as bad as Quadros' actual policies - the man was known for being a [[CloudCuckooLander complete loon]], intentionally avoiding fulfilling his duties, scapegoating his problems on the previous president Juscelino Kubitschek, but perhaps most relevantly for [[UsefulNotes/ColdWar the time period]], mistakenly believing he could play [[UsefulNotes/UnitedStates both]] [[UsefulNotes/SovietRussiaUkraineAndSoOn giants]] for his own benefit. He actively pandered to both the United States and the Eastern Bloc, but drew a lot of ire from the capitalist conservative groups in Brazil for the latter, as it often involved directly dealing with Cuba, China, and the Soviet Union itself, and going as far as to granting Brazil's highest medal for foreigners to ''Che Guevara''. Accusations of communism sympathy were rampant, and Quadros' approval rapidly declined.

However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]]. [[BreadEggsBreadedEggs Or he believed that he could pull a self-coup *while* drunk.]] He would continue chalking it up to the "terrible occult forces" without further elaborating when asked in subsequent years, though on one ocasion he reportedly simply said that he did it "because I could."[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into [[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Cuba 2: Electric Boogaloo]]. Paranoid as ever, the US government agreed with them.


to:

However, that problem was nowhere near as bad as Quadros' actual policies - the man was known for being a [[CloudCuckooLander complete loon]], intentionally avoiding fulfilling his duties, scapegoating his problems on the previous president Juscelino Kubitschek, but perhaps most relevantly for [[UsefulNotes/ColdWar the time period]], mistakenly believing he could play [[UsefulNotes/UnitedStates both]] [[UsefulNotes/SovietRussiaUkraineAndSoOn giants]] for his own benefit. He actively pandered to both the United States and the Eastern Bloc, but drew a lot of ire from the capitalist conservative groups in Brazil for the latter, as it often involved directly dealing with Cuba, China, and the Soviet Union itself, and going as far as to granting Brazil's highest medal for foreigners to ''Che Guevara''.''UsefulNotes/CheGuevara''. Accusations of communism sympathy were rampant, and Quadros' approval rapidly declined.

However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]]. [[BreadEggsBreadedEggs Or he believed that he could pull a self-coup *while* drunk.]] He would continue chalking it up to the "terrible occult forces" without further elaborating when asked in subsequent years, though on one ocasion he reportedly simply said that he did it "because I could."[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into [[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Cuba 2: Electric Boogaloo]]. Paranoid As fearful of communism in the Americas as ever, the US government agreed with them.




In April 1st, 1964, after nearly three years of intense political tension, and subtle under-the-hood political manipulation of the situation from the United States, the Brazilian military led by [[TheGeneralissimo Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco]] [[MilitaryCoup threw a]] [[TheCoup coup]] that ousted Goulart from presidency. As Goulart fled to exile in neighbouring UsefulNotes/{{Uruguay}} (and died ten years later in Argentina), at first the idea was to have Castello Branco in charge for a while and then new elections would be called soon [[labelnote:trivia]]This idea was called a "cirurgical intervention" because new government was supposed to be [[{{Irony}} "a doctor" who would "take care" of Brazil and then leave]].[[/labelnote]] and Castello Branco himself was chosen to lead the coup because of his great track record [[ItSeemedLikeAGoodIdeaAtTheTime which made he seems as the one least likely to result in a totally destroyed democracy among the putschists]]. However, as you can imagine, it was not everyone who was worried about clinging onto even a little piece of democratic beliefs, enter the hardliners, a faction of the Brazilian military who can have its origins traced back to certain positivist officers all the way back from late Imperial times who like their cold war counterparts, [[DespotismJustifiesTheMeans believed that civilian rule was stupid and the army was the only institution who coul properly run the country]] and since now they were confronted with a chance of finally achieving this plan, they rallied under the leadership of [[GeneralRipper General Costa e Silva]][[note]]who was Minister of War at the time.[[/note]] and realized a soft coup. Now with Castello Branco out of the scene and Costa e Silva in charge, [[FromBadToWorse a military junta was officially established]], adopting a hardline anticommunist, ultranationalistic stance that sought to reform the political-economic system that saw a new Constitution being made, all political parties being abolished, civilians and citizens being prevented from being elected and all elections being indirect. There were only two parties after the coup: the National Renewal Alliance, known as [[FunWithAcronyms ARENA]] (the Regime's party); and the Brazilian Democratic Movement, known as the [=MDB=] (the controlled opposition party) [[labelnote:trivia]]The [=MDB=] would live on after the regime ended, for a moment renaming itself as [=PMDB=] and "giving birth" to numerous other parties, before renaming itself back to the [=MDB=]. Left-wing pundits argue that, ironically, the [=MDB=] threw a coup of its own ''much'' later in 2016, against the Workers' Party to impeach president Dilma Rousseff on allegedly fabricated reasons[[/labelnote]]. This was done to avoid being seen as an autocratic dictatorship like the one implemented by Getúlio Vargas in the '30s and give the illusion Brazil was still a working democracy by allowing more than one party (even if the alternative held no power). However this did not change what it was: a totalitarian BananaRepublic established to the loud cheers of rich corporate owners and the middle class - and the panic of students, Marxists, poor workers, and left-leaning Brazilians.

For much of the '60s, protests from urban areas took place all over the country, primarily among college students, Catholic Church members[[note]]Even though the Regime leaders were right-wing conservative Catholics themselves and had the initial support of the Church, [[TurbulentPriest several priests, nuns and bishops were targeted by the military]] for speaking out and the Church slowly turned against the dictatorship over time[[/note]], Marxists, workers, and anyone else who opposed the dictatorship. However, the military was ruthless in repressing all resistance without mercy. People were taken from their homes, never to be seen again, or were found dead under "accidental" circumstances or claimed they committed suicide in unlikely manners (like suicide by gunshot... using a machine gun, or by hanging... even if their knees touched the ground). Those who were not killed were made to suffer through intense torture, usually by hanging for hours in the painful ''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pau_de_Arara Pau de Arara]]'' (macaw's perch) position, in agonizing muscle pain. The junta also quickly [[PropagandaMachine took control of the media]] to [[InternalRetcon censor anything they deemed objectionable]]. One example of this would be the movie ''Film/FromRussiaWithLove'' whose title was changed in Brazil to ''[[CompletelyDifferentTitle Moscow vs. 007]]'' because the original title sounded too sympathetic to communism and it was changed to something more antagonistic.

to:

In On April 1st, 1964, after nearly three years of intense political tension, and subtle under-the-hood political manipulation of the situation from the United States, the Brazilian military led by [[TheGeneralissimo Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco]] [[MilitaryCoup threw a]] [[TheCoup coup]] that ousted Goulart from presidency. As Goulart fled to exile in neighbouring UsefulNotes/{{Uruguay}} (and died ten years later in Argentina), at first the idea was to have Castello Branco in charge for a while and then new elections would be called soon [[labelnote:trivia]]This idea was called a "cirurgical intervention" because new government was supposed to be [[{{Irony}} "a doctor" who would "take care" of Brazil and then leave]].[[/labelnote]] and Castello Branco himself was chosen to lead the coup because of his great track record [[ItSeemedLikeAGoodIdeaAtTheTime which made he seems as the one least likely to result in a totally destroyed democracy among the putschists]]. However, as you can imagine, it was not everyone who was worried about clinging onto even a little piece of democratic beliefs, enter the hardliners, a faction of the Brazilian military who can have its origins traced back to certain positivist officers all the way back from late Imperial times who like their cold war counterparts, [[DespotismJustifiesTheMeans believed that civilian rule was stupid and the army was the only institution who coul could properly run the country]] and since now they were confronted with a chance of finally achieving this plan, they rallied under the leadership of [[GeneralRipper General Costa e Silva]][[note]]who was Minister of War at the time.[[/note]] and realized a soft coup. Now with Castello Branco out of the scene and Costa e Silva in charge, [[FromBadToWorse a military junta was officially established]], adopting a hardline anticommunist, ultranationalistic stance that sought to reform the political-economic system that saw a new Constitution being made, all political parties being abolished, civilians and citizens being prevented from being elected and all elections being indirect. There were only two parties after the coup: the National Renewal Alliance, known as [[FunWithAcronyms ARENA]] (the Regime's party); and the Brazilian Democratic Movement, known as the [=MDB=] (the controlled opposition party) [[labelnote:trivia]]The [=MDB=] would live on after the regime ended, for a moment renaming itself as [=PMDB=] and "giving birth" to numerous other parties, before renaming itself back to the [=MDB=]. Left-wing pundits argue that, ironically, the [=MDB=] threw a coup of its own ''much'' later in 2016, against the Workers' Party to impeach president Dilma Rousseff on allegedly fabricated reasons[[/labelnote]]. This was done to avoid being seen as an autocratic dictatorship like the one implemented by Getúlio Vargas in the '30s and give the illusion Brazil was still a working democracy by allowing more than one party (even if the alternative held no power). However this did not change what it was: a totalitarian BananaRepublic established to the loud cheers of rich corporate owners and the middle class - and the panic of students, Marxists, poor workers, and left-leaning Brazilians.

For much of the '60s, protests from urban areas took place all over the country, primarily among college students, Catholic Church members[[note]]Even clergy[[note]]Even though the Regime leaders were right-wing conservative Catholics themselves and had the initial support of the Church, [[TurbulentPriest several priests, nuns and bishops were targeted by the military]] for speaking out and the Church slowly turned against the dictatorship over time[[/note]], Marxists, workers, and anyone else who opposed the dictatorship. However, the military was ruthless in repressing all resistance without mercy. People were taken from their homes, never to be seen again, or were [[TheCoronerDothProtestTooMuch found dead dead]] under "accidental" circumstances or claimed they [[NeverSuicide committed suicide in unlikely manners manners]] (like suicide by gunshot... using a machine gun, or by hanging... even if their knees touched the ground). Those who were not killed were made to suffer through intense torture, usually by hanging for hours in the painful ''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pau_de_Arara Pau de Arara]]'' (macaw's perch) position, in agonizing muscle pain. The junta also quickly [[PropagandaMachine took control of the media]] to [[InternalRetcon censor anything they deemed objectionable]]. One example of this would be the movie ''Film/FromRussiaWithLove'' whose title was changed in Brazil to ''[[CompletelyDifferentTitle Moscow vs. 007]]'' because the original title sounded too sympathetic to communism and it was changed to something more antagonistic.



While Brazil prospered economically in the beginning of [[TheSeventies the '70s]] (at the expense of the workers), the so-called "Economical Miracle" wouldn't last as the oil crisis would interrupt their growth, and social pressure started rising. Demands from the middle class for greater freedoms, the end of censorship, and the inflation control would destabilize the country for much of the decade. It was in 1976 under Ernesto Geisel that the process to reorganize the country and return it under control of the people would begin, albeit ''very'' slowly. It wasn't until his successor João Figueireido that these changes started to pick up steam, as political opponents were now granted amnesty, and the [=ARENA=] was dissolved in order to allow the creation of other political parties.[[note]]Again, the [=MDB=] was left intact.[[/note]] The political movement ''Diretas Já'' - Direct (Elections) Now - showed that the army could no longer ignore that the people were sick and tired of having them in power.

to:

While Brazil prospered economically in the beginning of [[TheSeventies the '70s]] (at the expense of the workers), the so-called "Economical "Economic Miracle" wouldn't last as the oil crisis would interrupt their growth, and social pressure started rising. Demands from the middle class for greater freedoms, the end of censorship, and the inflation control would destabilize the country for much of the decade. It was in 1976 under Ernesto Geisel that the process to reorganize the country and return it under control of the people would begin, albeit ''very'' slowly. It wasn't until his successor João Figueireido that these changes started to pick up steam, as political opponents were now granted amnesty, and the [=ARENA=] was dissolved in order to allow the creation of other political parties.[[note]]Again, the [=MDB=] was left intact.[[/note]] The political movement ''Diretas Já'' - Direct (Elections) Now - showed that the army could no longer ignore that the people were sick and tired of having them in power.



A politician who capitalized on this sentiment is retired military officer UsefulNotes/JairBolsonaro, who ran for president on the 2018 Brazilian election. Bolsonaro has held extreme pro-dictatorship views since the 1990s, often calling for mass genocide against politicians and advocating for torture during interviews with him (to put things into perspective, that is just the ''least'' outrageous things he has said). But whereas he was always viewed as an extremist loon through [[TheNineties the 1990s]], [[TurnOfTheMillennium 2000s]] and the early 2010s, his ideas were ''widely'' embraced near the end of the decade, with him achieving '''46%''' of the valid votes in the first round alone.[[note]]For comparison, the candidate in second place achieved 26% and the third 12%. If you achieve 50.1% of valid votes in the first round, you automatically win without requiring a second round.[[/note]] Bolsonaro, alongside his running mate Hamilton Mourão (a retired general who also is a major supporter of the military dictatorship and torture advocate), was elected as the currently president of Brazil, to the shock and worry of not just the Brazilian left, but also causing concerns among human rights activists, environmentalists and [=LGBTQ=] communities worldwide, as Bolsonaro has largely been appointing other military men for positions of high power and prestige, whom are vocal opponents of human rights and regularly challenge climate change as "a communist plot to destroy world borders".

Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who noted how the then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible return to military dictatorship were completely justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's defeat in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters who stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}} in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.

to:

A politician who capitalized on this sentiment is retired military officer UsefulNotes/JairBolsonaro, who ran for president on during the 2018 Brazilian election. elections. Bolsonaro has held extreme pro-dictatorship views since the 1990s, often calling for the mass genocide against murder of politicians and advocating for torture during interviews with him (to put things into perspective, that is just these are some of the ''least'' outrageous things he has said). But whereas he was always viewed as an extremist loon through [[TheNineties the 1990s]], [[TurnOfTheMillennium 2000s]] and the early 2010s, his ideas were ''widely'' embraced near the end of the decade, with him achieving '''46%''' of the valid votes in the first round alone.[[note]]For comparison, the candidate in second place achieved 26% and the third 12%. If you achieve 50.1% of valid votes in the first round, you automatically win without requiring a second round.[[/note]] Bolsonaro, alongside his running mate Hamilton Mourão (a retired general who also is a major supporter of the military dictatorship and torture advocate), was elected as the currently president of Brazil, to the shock and worry of not just the Brazilian left, but also causing concerns among human rights activists, environmentalists and [=LGBTQ=] communities worldwide, as Bolsonaro has largely been appointing other military men for positions of high power and prestige, most of whom are vocal opponents of human rights and regularly challenge climate change as "a communist plot to destroy world borders".

Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will to govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an a "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who noted how the then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible return to military dictatorship were completely understandable and even justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's defeat in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters who stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}} in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.
arrests of those known or suspected of involvement.
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[[quoteright:350:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/1446146892_377075_1446664730_noticia_normal.jpg]]

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[[quoteright:350:https://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/1446146892_377075_1446664730_noticia_normal.org/pmwiki/pub/images/war_tanks_in_brasilia_1964.jpg]]



->'' Those who do not live to serve Brazil, do not deserve to live in Brazil.''

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->'' Those ->''"Those who do not live to serve Brazil, do not deserve to live in Brazil.''"''
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While the events proceeding the 2023 election more or less allayed the fears of a military takeover, they also prove that nostalgia for the military dictatorship years is still an active political force that can be exploited, even some 40 years after the return of civilian government.

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While the events proceeding the 2023 election more or less allayed the fears of a military takeover, takeover were more or less allayed following the 2022 election, they also prove that nostalgia for the military dictatorship years is still an active political force that can be exploited, even some 40 years after the return of civilian government.
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However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]].[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into Cuba 2: [[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Electric Boogaloo]]. Paranoid as ever, the US government agreed with them.


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However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]].[[/note]] [[BreadEggsBreadedEggs Or he believed that he could pull a self-coup *while* drunk.]] He would continue chalking it up to the "terrible occult forces" without further elaborating when asked in subsequent years, though on one ocasion he reportedly simply said that he did it "because I could."[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into Cuba 2: [[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Cuba 2: Electric Boogaloo]]. Paranoid as ever, the US government agreed with them.

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In April 1st, 1964, after nearly three years of intense political tension, and subtle under-the-hood political manipulation of the situation from the United States, the Brazilian military led by [[TheGeneralissimo Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco]] [[MilitaryCoup threw a]] [[TheCoup coup]] that ousted Goulart from presidency. As Goulart fled to exile in neighbouring UsefulNotes/{{Uruguay}} (and died ten years later in Argentina), a military junta was established, adopting a hardline anticommunist, ultranationalistic stance that sought to reform the political-economic system that saw a new Constitution being made, all political parties being abolished, civilians and citizens being prevented from being elected and all elections being indirect. There were only two parties after the coup: the National Renewal Alliance, known as [[FunWithAcronyms ARENA]] (the Regime's party); and the Brazilian Democratic Movement, known as the [=MDB=] (the controlled opposition party) [[labelnote:trivia]]The [=MDB=] would live on after the regime ended, for a moment renaming itself as [=PMDB=] and "giving birth" to numerous other parties, before renaming itself back to the [=MDB=]. Left-wing pundits argue that, ironically, the [=MDB=] threw a coup of its own ''much'' later in 2016, against the Workers' Party to impeach president Dilma Rousseff on allegedly fabricated reasons[[/labelnote]]. This was done to avoid being seen as an autocratic dictatorship like the one implemented by Getúlio Vargas in the '30s and give the illusion Brazil was still a working democracy by allowing more than one party (even if the alternative held no power). However this did not change what it was: a totalitarian BananaRepublic established to the loud cheers of rich corporate owners and the middle class - and the panic of students, Marxists, poor workers, and left-leaning Brazilians.

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In April 1st, 1964, after nearly three years of intense political tension, and subtle under-the-hood political manipulation of the situation from the United States, the Brazilian military led by [[TheGeneralissimo Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco]] [[MilitaryCoup threw a]] [[TheCoup coup]] that ousted Goulart from presidency. As Goulart fled to exile in neighbouring UsefulNotes/{{Uruguay}} (and died ten years later in Argentina), at first the idea was to have Castello Branco in charge for a while and then new elections would be called soon [[labelnote:trivia]]This idea was called a "cirurgical intervention" because new government was supposed to be [[{{Irony}} "a doctor" who would "take care" of Brazil and then leave]].[[/labelnote]] and Castello Branco himself was chosen to lead the coup because of his great track record [[ItSeemedLikeAGoodIdeaAtTheTime which made he seems as the one least likely to result in a totally destroyed democracy among the putschists]]. However, as you can imagine, it was not everyone who was worried about clinging onto even a little piece of democratic beliefs, enter the hardliners, a faction of the Brazilian military who can have its origins traced back to certain positivist officers all the way back from late Imperial times who like their cold war counterparts, [[DespotismJustifiesTheMeans believed that civilian rule was stupid and the army was the only institution who coul properly run the country]] and since now they were confronted with a chance of finally achieving this plan, they rallied under the leadership of [[GeneralRipper General Costa e Silva]][[note]]who was Minister of War at the time.[[/note]] and realized a soft coup. Now with Castello Branco out of the scene and Costa e Silva in charge, [[FromBadToWorse a military junta was established, officially established]], adopting a hardline anticommunist, ultranationalistic stance that sought to reform the political-economic system that saw a new Constitution being made, all political parties being abolished, civilians and citizens being prevented from being elected and all elections being indirect. There were only two parties after the coup: the National Renewal Alliance, known as [[FunWithAcronyms ARENA]] (the Regime's party); and the Brazilian Democratic Movement, known as the [=MDB=] (the controlled opposition party) [[labelnote:trivia]]The [=MDB=] would live on after the regime ended, for a moment renaming itself as [=PMDB=] and "giving birth" to numerous other parties, before renaming itself back to the [=MDB=]. Left-wing pundits argue that, ironically, the [=MDB=] threw a coup of its own ''much'' later in 2016, against the Workers' Party to impeach president Dilma Rousseff on allegedly fabricated reasons[[/labelnote]]. This was done to avoid being seen as an autocratic dictatorship like the one implemented by Getúlio Vargas in the '30s and give the illusion Brazil was still a working democracy by allowing more than one party (even if the alternative held no power). However this did not change what it was: a totalitarian BananaRepublic established to the loud cheers of rich corporate owners and the middle class - and the panic of students, Marxists, poor workers, and left-leaning Brazilians.
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Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who noted how the then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible third military dictatorship were completely justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's loss in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters, themselves at least tacitly tolerated by rogue members of the capital's security forces, stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}} in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.

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Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who noted how the then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible third return to military dictatorship were completely justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's loss defeat in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters, themselves at least tacitly tolerated by rogue members of the capital's security forces, supporters who stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}} in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.
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Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who noted how the then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible third military dictatorship were completely justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's loss in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters, themselves at least tacitly tolerated by rogue members of the capital's security forces, stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}}in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.

to:

Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who noted how the then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible third military dictatorship were completely justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's loss in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters, themselves at least tacitly tolerated by rogue members of the capital's security forces, stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}}in army[[note]][[{{Irony}} in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.

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Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who note how the president-elect continues appointing military officers with extreme far-right views. Time will tell whether the currently president will fulfill his promises, or if a third military dictatorship awaits Brazil.

to:

Though Bolsonaro has relatively diminished his rhetoric's aggressiveness since his election and has promised he will govern following the democratic constitution committed to make an "government for everyone" and "upholding free speech", his promises are still met with skepticism from many on the left, who note noted how the president-elect continues then-president made a habit of appointing military officers with extreme far-right views. Time will tell whether the currently president will fulfill his promises, or if views to positions of political power. While fears of a possible third military dictatorship awaits Brazil.
were completely justified, those fears lessened after Bolsonaro's loss in the 2022 presidential election, with a coup attempt instead coming from a group of fanatical Bolsonaro supporters, themselves at least tacitly tolerated by rogue members of the capital's security forces, stormed the National Congress and vandalized it thoroughly while calling for a military intervention, only to be swiftly shut down by federal security forces, including some participation of the army[[note]][[{{Irony}}in essence, causing a military intervention]][[/note]], who then went about the business of mass arrests.

While the events proceeding the 2023 election more or less allayed the fears of a military takeover, they also prove that nostalgia for the military dictatorship years is still an active political force that can be exploited, even some 40 years after the return of civilian government.
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* ''WesternAnimation/JorelsBrother'': The regime is occasionally parodied in the cartoon, with the analogous to the Military being literal clowns who installed a dictatorship during the same period in History, in which Jorel's brothter's father acted as a revolutionary (as an actor) in his youth.

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* ''WesternAnimation/JorelsBrother'': The regime is occasionally parodied in the cartoon, with the analogous to the Military in the show being literal clowns who installed a dictatorship and made the world be in black and white during the same period in History, in which History. Jorel's brothter's broter's father acted as even was a revolutionary (as (only as an actor) against the clowns in his youth.

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* ''Film/OHomemDaCapaPreta'': A movie inspired by real-life politician Tenório Cavalcantti who lived during the Regime and initially backed it, until he decided to turn against it.

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* ''Film/OHomemDaCapaPreta'': A movie inspired by real-life politician Tenório Cavalcantti who lived during the Regime and initially backed it, until he decided to turn against it.it.
* ''WesternAnimation/JorelsBrother'': The regime is occasionally parodied in the cartoon, with the analogous to the Military being literal clowns who installed a dictatorship during the same period in History, in which Jorel's brothter's father acted as a revolutionary (as an actor) in his youth.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None


However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]].[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into Cuba 2: ElectricBoogaloo. Paranoid as ever, the US government agreed with them.


to:

However, on August 25, 1961, after having sent Goulart overseas for an impromptu diplomatic meeting with China, Quadros surprised many by unexpectedly resigning from his presidency, blaming "terrible occult forces". Many agree that Quadros had done so in an attempt to pull a self-coup much like [[UsefulNotes/GetulioVargas Getúlio Vargas]] had done decades ago, expecting the population and the military to overwhelmingly beg him to reassume presidency over their fears of Goulart's left-wing policies.[[note]]Either that, or [[OccamsRazor he was just drunk]].[[/note]] Needless to say, [[DidntThinkThisThrough that didn't happen]]. Instead, the government accepted his resignation, which created a serious political crisis as the military and Brazilian elites were convinced that Goulart's proposals to reduce adult illiteracy and implant basic land reforms that had long been done in ''the United States'' were [[InsaneTrollLogic communism incarnate]], and that he was single-handedly planning to turn Brazil into Cuba 2: ElectricBoogaloo.[[OddlyNamedSequel2ElectricBoogaloo Electric Boogaloo]]. Paranoid as ever, the US government agreed with them.

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