Ascended Extra: Kytes, Filo, and Tomaj were originally bit part NPCs in Final Fantasy XII, while Revenant Wings promotes them to playable and/or supporting characters.
Out of Focus: Conversely, Ashe and Basche are nowhere to be seen untill near the end, where they unexpectedly join your party.
Adam Smith Hates Your Guts: Tomaj creates the Sky Saloon on the Galbana around a third of the way through the game; it is justified, however - the weapons/material shops are the only way he has to make money, which he uses to buy more weapons and materials.
And even then, he's taking a loss. Chatting with one of the NPCs in the Sky Saloon reveals this, and that evidently the stuff he's selling/you're making would make the people at Draklor Labratory jealous.
Apathetic Citizens: The Aegyl on board the Galbana when the Sky Saloon is opened. The Sky Pirates who joined fall under this, too. They get better after Chapter 8-2. They don't try to help, though.
Artificial Stupidity: Don't expect your allies to show initiative, move forward with everyone else, or use their abilities with any intelligence. Don't expect Squishy Wizard/White Mage Penelo to take the initiative on healing when you're actually in combat or avoid charging into melee. Do expect her to just stand there staring into space when you try to withdraw her from melee, rather than running as quickly as possible, then watching the boss fight become unwinnable because your healer died.
Ascended Extra: Kytes, Filo, Tomaj and Ba' Gamnan and his group.
Ax Crazy: A lot of the Aegyl become this after Velis releases their anima.
Hinted quite strongly that Balthier and Fran are (or have been) an item. When Tomaj tries to woo Fran, she tells him Balthier's methods of wooing her were quite different.
Item Crafting: This is Cu Sith's entire role. It's essential to obtain the best equipment for everyone who isn't Vaan.
Jumped at the Call: Vaan, Kytes and Filo do this when the Galbana crashes just outside Rabanastre.
Limit Break: The Quickenings, gained by doing optional side missions. You gain them mostly by having you and your Espers take damage, so throw Vaan into the middle of a cluster of enemies, and watch him decimate them all with Pyroclasm.
Proud Warrior Race: The Aegyl, when the Sky Pirates invade Lemurés and when they discover they can travel to Ivalice after their anima is released.
Required Party Member: You are forced to use certain characters in the missions in which they obtain their Quickenings. Also sometimes done for story purposes, occasionally.
Respawning Enemies: Happens frequently. In missions such as the fight against Zalera, the enemies spawn faster then they can be killed with a normal level party. They could be seen as useful for level grinding, but the amount of experience each battle gives is fixed and can't be increased by killing enemies, instad making maps that are quick to complete better for that purpose.
Side Quest: There are as many optional missions form Tomaj's board as there are in-game missions. They tend to be quite a bit harder, but give much better rewards and the optional Espers. Doing them is required to keep up with the escalating levels of the enemies.
Stripperiffic: Penelo again. As someone over at Fetish Fuel put it, you get a pretty good idea of her grooming habits...
Summon Magic: A fundamental part of the game; all of your minions have to be summoned, and you can forge pacts with the high-level Espers by completing optional missions.
Team Chef / Lethal Chef: Penelo. Yes, somehow she's both to start with, though she improves.
The Computer Is a Cheating Bastard: Frequently happens in that most levels; the computer can summon more Yarhi/Espers then you can produce without summon gates.
The Drag Along: Penelo and Tomaj at first, but they get used to it.
The Very Definitely Final Dungeon: If a gigantic temple floating in outer space doesn't give you that impression, few other things will. Bonus points for being the first view of space in an Ivalice series game and having a kickass view to the planet below.
Took a Level in Badass: Vaan, even gets a god blade forged from Odin's soul and goes a few rounds one on one with arguabely Ivalice's Most powerful being. He loses obviousily but got to give him points for trying.
Vapor Wear: Penelo, whose new outfit does not seem to involve underwear at all.