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 The flag of the Commonwealth.
The Commonwealth of Nations is simply put, (mostly) former members of The British Empire who are still connected with the UK.
In its modern form it is more of a beneficial trade, defence and immigration pact than an empire, but about one-third of the nations also have the British monarch as their head of state, giving her the same theoretical veto powers outlined in British Political System, while the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London is a final court of appeal for some member states.
Member states sometimes enjoy beneficial trade agreements and the ability to emigrate to other member states more easily than a non member. Commonwealth nations tend to share such characteristics as drinking tea, playing cricket, driving on the left-hand side of the road and using British English spellings. Most of them also use The Common Law as the basis of their legal system.
Mozambique was actually never part of the British Empire, being a former Portuguese territory, but all its neighbour countries were in the Commonwealth and wished to support their poor neighbour, so an exception to the general policy was made. Recently the same thing happened to Rwanda, which has started to adopt more Anglophone trappings and apparently even cricket picked up from Kenya and Uganda.
The terms "Old Commonwealth" (the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa) and "New Commonwealth" (everywhere else) are sometimes used, although the terms appear to be declining in usage.
They have their own version of the Olympic Games, called the Commonwealth Games, held every World Cup year. Apart from your usual sports, there are also some more "British" sports such as lawn bowls, netball, and rugby sevens (cricket has only been played once, at the 1998 games). The 2010 games were held in New Delhi, India, and the next games are being held in 2014 in Glasgow, Scotland.
It must be noted that one criteria for joining the commonwealth is the acceptance of the current British monarch (the Queen) as head of the commonwealth. It seems unlikely most countries that aren't current members are liable to agree to such a condition, if they were so inclined.
The list of member states are:
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alternative title(s): The Commonwealth; The Commonwealth
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