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alt title(s): Katanas Are Better

Katana? What's with fanfics and katanas?
unknown20troper

"There's nothing more reliable than a Japanese sword, is there?"
Saito Hajime

Most gamers are Nippophiles — the popularity of ninja and samurai makes this fairly clear. Not only this, Japan is the country of origin of a large number of games. This trope is essentially a manifestation of that love for Western pop-culture conception of Japanese history and culture. Rule Of Cool says swords are cooler than guns (except for a certain type of gun), and Japan, historically, didn't take to guns as extensively as the West and in fact repressed their development.

This means that in some games or fantasy universes where Eastern and Western archetypes exist side by side, such as knights in shining armor vs. samurai, ninja vs. thieves, and so forth, the Japan-themed selection tends to just be better. Flashier, more honorable, more skilled, sometimes portrayed in a more positive fashion. (The overwhelming positive representation of ninja in anime and fantasy is an example.) In some extreme cases, anything Eastern/Japanese is just inherently better, logic be damned.

Perhaps the single most obvious example is the ancient Japanese vs Western Swords debate In many games where, say, a katana (and on film, Every Japanese Sword Is A Katana) exists alongside Western swords, the hero is more likely to wield the katana and it is definitely more likely to be the superior sword. Chinese and other 'eastern' weapons are often subject to a lesser version of this. This trope may sometimes be used even if it's utterly out of place or anachronistic. Wielders of such weapons frequently possess Implausible Fencing Powers, particularly the kind where a katana can slice through things it really should not be able to cut. Katana-wielders may be shown to be able to deflect bullets with the blade and then cleave the firearms they were launched from — but someone wielding any (non-magical) European-style blade, regardless of whether it is a huge two-handed claymore, a katana-equivalent longsword/sabre or a lightning-quick rapier, will never be shown to manage such feats.

Since fencing with katanas will usually be depicted as being an "honorable" manner of fighting, it will in most cases be implied if not stated outright that using firearms is despicable, cowardly or somehow "low". At the same time, fencing won't be depicted as "low" compared to hand-to-hand combat, nor will it be "low" for a katana wielder to attack people armed with less effective melee weapons, like knives or farming implements. Other standard melee weapons like mauls, flails, and polearms are generally not subject to this trope, but Rule Of Cool says none of them are cooler than a sword to begin with. In either case, they're usually given to secondary characters or foes whose sole purpose is to die to the hero with the sword.

It's not just Japanese ethnocentrism, either — this trope appears even in some Western productions, probably part of the mystique that Japanese medieval culture and archetypes holds over anime fans and many gamers. Part of it may be backlash, part of it may be fascination with a view of the Japanese as very traditional, obsessed with honor, and willing to commit ritual suicide at the drop of a hat.

As this trope has its roots in Rule Of Cool, occasionally designers just create a unique sword that would be useless in real life, if not outright impossible to wield.

Strangely enough, a number of modern myths about the strength of a Nihonto have been confirmed. In one notable video, a Nihonto blade withstood, with some chipping, seven direct strikes by .50 BMG heavy machine gun bullets before snapping. [1] The same sword had previously been struck by a .45 ACP bullet and been subjected to a sheet metal shear without obvious damage. Of course, since the .50 BMG bullets are made of lead with a copper jacket, the hard Martensite edge of the sword resists the projectile (traveling at 1200 meters/second) and the soft Pearlite core dissipates the impact. A sword should be able to replicate it only if created with the differential hardening used in the tempering process of some sword production. Modern factory-made Japanese-style blades have been shown to be rather less impressive by the Mythbusters.

At the same time, other myths regarding the katana's capabilities against modern weapons have been discredited. While the katana can withstand several high-caliber rounds, as described above, actually blocking a bullet, let alone several, would require reflexes that can be charitably described as "superhuman." Chopping a bullet in half with a katana is not only even more difficult, but it would only create two bullets flying toward the wielder.

Most importantly, the myth of the katana being a better weapon than equivalent European swords (namely the medieval longsword) is debatable. Japanese swords use vastly inferior iron for katanas compared to that available for medieval European swords, necessitating costly and time-consuming efforts by Japanese master swordsmiths to remove impurities from the iron, such as the famous "folding of the blade". Folding iron is a common forging technique not unique to Japan, but Japanese blades were folded many more times than many (but not all) European ones to compensate for the inherent lack of quality in material. (One exception was Viking swords, which were commonly more folded, by orders of magnitude, than most ancient Japanese swords.) Contrary to popular belief, folding a sword does not aid its cutting or edge holding properties at all; it merely made it more durable by ensuring an even distribution of carbon within the steel (while some other alloying elements will remain layered).

There is some truth to the myth; as stated above, European swordmakers had access to better iron than their Japanese equivilants. However, they also had far more of it, meaning that the relatively materials-intensive sword was much more common in Europe, while in Japan spears were the standard infantry weapon. That means, simply, that the average European sword was little more than a sharpened chunk of metal handed to the peasants in the local militia. In contrast, katanas in Japan, due to their cost, were reserved for samurai and other elite—hence the comparitively large amount of effort that went into making them. European swords made for knights were, as illustrated above, often equal or superior to Japanese swords, not least because the European swordsmiths simply had more experience in the craft.

On the other hand however, European swords are just as good, if not better than the katana. Besides aforementioned better material quality, the longsword was double edged with a point, which was far more difficult to forge than a single edged weapon. The longsword is a much more versatile weapon, able to cut and thrust, and the cruciform hilt construction is a lot better for parrying off blows than the katana. And the second edge allows the weapon to cut in either direction; blows with the "short edge" (which faces the weilder) are a major component of many Western martial arts. Contrary to popular belief, many longswords of equivalent size were just about the same weight. The western swords also aren't the 'blunt, barbaric weapons inferior to the katana in sharpness' many like to claim. While the ability to cut a person in half with a katana has been proven in Deadliest Warrior, western weapons like the longsword and the cutlass were shown to be able to do the same.

Cutting motions were of relatively limited use against armor. Sword designs begin to heavily diverge here, as Europeans wore increasingly sturdier armor made of hardened and spring-tempered steel plates, while the Japanese, due to their poor mineral resources, continued to use armor made largely of soft iron plus non-metal components such as horn. Consequently, European weapons began to focus more on stabbing to overcome more vulnerable sections, while Japanese weapons evolved primarily as a result of warfare against those outside of Japan; the tachi, the main ancestor to the katana, tended to break its tip off when used against Mongolian and Korean armor.

But generally, the only thing that matters is the man behind the sword. Both European and Japanese weapons have been developed through centuries of martial tradition and along with them various techniques to use them effectively, responding to changes in the combat environment as they occur. So in a match between unarmored competitors, the more skilled swordsman will win out.

Now that we got that over with, lets move on.

This trope is distressingly common amongst Mary Sue characters (especially in tabletop roleplaying). Indeed, the image of the purple clad girl with Kaleidoscope Eyes walking down the roads of Middle Earth with her trusty katana by her side is one that seems to come naturally to a lot of amateur writers. It's not so much the ownership of the blade that marks the Sue as it is the total out-of-place anachronistic implications of having one in settings that either shouldn't realistically have them or have rendered them obsolete. Add in the rest of this trope and you can practically hear the eyes rolling. Dual Wielding full-size katanas is pretty much the instant giveaway.

Wooden Katanas Are Even Better is a Sub Trope. Those wielding a katana may Swipe Their Blades Off.


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