Of all the influences on the early days of television, none were so direct and widespread as Golden Age {{radio}}.

The dawn of commercial radio began in 1920, with the first commercial stations, but little can be confirmed before 1926, since few authenticated recordings exist. It was in 1926 that {{NBC}} made its first broadcast, initially as the separate "Red" and "Blue" networks. Early broadcasts were primarily news or sports related, but ''The Happiness Boys'', a vaudeville duo, began a show in 1921 which continued until 1940. The "Golden Age" proper began around 1929. NBC was soon joined by {{CBS}}.

It is difficult to dispute that the single most noteworthy thing to ever happen during the Golden Age of radio was the episode of ''TheMercuryRadioTheaterOnTheAir'' which aired on October 31, 1938. Director Orson Welles headed a production of Howard Koch's adaptation of ''TheWarOfTheWorlds''. It may say as much about the character of the time as the quality of the performance that many listeners actually believed the radio play to be a news report of an actual alien invasion. The resulting chaos is probably the reason that all subsequent US [[{{Mockumentary}} mockumentaries]] carry numerous disclaimers.

Many of the Golden Age radio dramas eventually made the move to television, and several co-existed on TV and radio. But by the mid 1950s, televisions were becoming commonplace, and radio went into a decline. Most authorities agree that the "Golden Age" ended on September 30, 1962, with the final episodes of ''{{Suspense}}'' and ''YoursTrulyJohnnyDollar''.

Most Golden Age radio dramas suffer from some percentage of [[MissingEpisode missing episodes]], but, at least after the earliest days, these are surprisingly uncommon: Audio recording was cheap and the technology highly available, so recordings of 1930s and 1940s RadioDrama are available in much greater supply than their television contemporaries.

The advertising structure for Golden Age radio differed greatly from modern television. Shows typically had a single sponsor, which provided all the advertisement for the show. Actors would occasionally [[EnforcedPlug deliver in-character endorsements of the sponsor's product]]. As a result, an account could dry up, leaving the show commercial-free while the network "sustained" it. Economic forces being what they were, advertisements were almost always for consumable products (that is, automakers and long distance carriers need not apply), such as gum, wine and soap (which was mostly advertised during daytime dramas, leading to the term "SoapOpera"). One side effect is that almost all recordings of Golden Age radio drama available today still include the original commercials.

It may also be worth noting that Golden Age radio shows tended to run much longer than television shows. The longest-running radio show was ''AmosAndAndy'', which began life in 1926 on NBC Blue under the title ''Sam and Henry''. It ran until 1960. The comparative ease and cheapness of production may have been a contributing factor (not to mention the fact that, lacking precedent, no one knew that 20 years was a long time for a show to run). However, since the audience didn't have to see the actors, it was easy and common to pull off a SisterBecky (''YoursTrulyJohnnyDollar'' went through ''six'' actors in the title role).

RadioDrama persists to this day, but only as a shadow of its former glory, mostly for nostalgia purposes. A brief revival in the 1970's led to shows such as ''Zero Hour'', ''General Mills Radio Adventure Theater'', a ''Radio/FantasticFour'' radio show, ''National Lampoon Radio Hour'' (which was a predecessor to ''SaturdayNightLive''), and the best known series of that era, ''CBSRadioMysteryTheater''.

Today, most radio dramas are one-off or miniseries events. One rare exception is ''APrairieHomeCompanion'', a long-running variety show hosted by Garrison Keillor.

In the United States, these are produced primarily by public radio affiliates. TheBBC also produces a number of these on the other side of the pond, the best known of which is the original incarnation of ''[[Radio/TheHitchhikersGuideToTheGalaxy The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy]]''. Free from the financial constraints of commercial networks, TheBBC continues to broadcast regular dramas on two of its national networks (which have included adaptations of ''TheLordOfTheRings'', ''HisDarkMaterials'' and {{Discworld}} novels), and has also set up a digital channel, BBC7, as an outlet for archive radio drama and comedy. They also continue to broadcast one of the [[LongRunners longest-running]] {{Soap Opera}}s in the world, in the form of ''TheArchers'', which began as a thinly disguised farming advice broadcast, and has been running continuously 5 days per week since 1955.

Often, the radio broadcast is mostly a formality, as the production is primarily intended to sell on cassette or CD. Sometimes, radio release is dispensed with altogether. BigFinish has produced audio dramas exclusively for CD release for several years, including [[{{Revival}} revivals]] of ''DoctorWho'', ''TheTomorrowPeople'' and ''SapphireAndSteel'' -- some of which have been bought by the BBC as radio dramas after the fact.

The RadioDrama format is still somewhat popular in Japan. Many {{anime}} series have Drama [=CDs=] produced to accompany them, using the same cast of voice actors as the series; occasionally, Drama [=CDs=] are created for manga series that haven't been animated yet, as a test to see if they can support a TV version. Occasionally Video Games (especially those without space for audio) create Drama [=CDs=] to give additional backstory.

With the rise of Internet multimedia, the radio drama, along with many other types of audio programming, has received a new lease on life. The production equipment required to create an online audio show is included with most computers, and the bandwidth required to stream an audio program is well within the financial reach of amateurs, and workable over a solid home connection. Many new online audio programs, known by the neologism "{{podcast}}s", are direct intellectual sucessors to to the dramas of old. An exceptional example can be found in the ''[[http://www.theafternow.com/index.php Sean Kennedy Chronicles: Tales from the Afternow]]''.

Most of the {{Formats}} and [[CategoryShowGenres genres]], as well as many {{Tropes}} that are OlderThanTelevision, originated on radio, especially:

* DramaticHalfHour
* OpeningNarration
* SisterBecky
* TheCoconutEffect
* TheSummation
* ThisJustIn
* VarietyShow

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Notable and influential early radio series include:
*''AmosAndAndy'' (1928-1955)
*''SherlockHolmes'' (1930-1956)
*''LittleOrphanAnnie'' (1930-1943)
*''LumAndAbner'' (1931-1954)
*''Buck Rogers'' (1932-1947)
*''BurnsAndAllen'' (1932-1950)
*''TheJackBennyProgram'' (1932-1955)
*''TheShadow'' (1932-1955)
*''TheLoneRanger'' (1933-1956)
*''LightsOut'' (1934-1947)
*''LuxRadioTheater'' (1934-1955)
*''{{Gangbusters}}'' (1935-1957)
*''YourHitParade'' (1935-1953)
*''FibberMcGeeAndMolly'' (1935-1956)
*''TheGreenHornet'' (1936-1952)
*''EdgarBergenAndCharlieMcCarthy'' (1937-1956)
*''TheGuidingLight'' (1938-1956)
*''TheMercuryRadioTheaterOnTheAir'' (1938-1940)
*''AbbottAndCostello'' (1940-1949)
*''TheGreatGildersleeve'' (1941-1951)
*''TheLifeOfRiley'' (1941-1951)
*''RedRyder'' (1942-1949)
*''TheWhistler'' (1942-1955)
*''{{Suspense}}'' (1942-1962)
*''TheAdventuresOfOzzieAndHarriet'' (1944-1954)
*''{{Escape}}'' (1947-1954)
*''OurMissBrooks'' (1948-1957)
*''{{Dragnet}}'' (1949-1957)
*''YoursTrulyJohnnyDollar'' (1949-1962)
*''TheArchers'' (1951-[[LongRunners present]])
*''{{Gunsmoke}}'' (1952-1961)
*''XMinusOne'' (1955-1958)
*''HaveGunWillTravel'' (1958-1960)

Notable revival era shows include:
*''{{Earplay}}'' (Someone please put a date here. Various sources say it started 1971 or 1972, and lasted to 1979, "over a decade", to the 1980's, or to the 1990's.)
*''Radio/ZeroHour'' (1973-1974)
*''NationalLampoonRadioHour'' (1973-1974)
* ''CBSRadioMysteryTheater'' (1974-1982)
*''Radio/FantasticFour'' (1975)
*''GeneralMillsRadioAdventureTheater'' (1977)
*''Radio/AlienWorlds'' (1978-1980)
*''SearsRadioTheater[==]/MutualRadioTheater'' (1979-1980)
*''TheAdventuresOfHarryNile'' (1976, then 1991-present)
* The [[http://www.zbs.org/ ZBS Foundation]] (1970-present) is a non-profit arts organization that has specialized in creating a wide range of audio programs since its founding in 1970; and its broadcasts have been primarily on publically-funded radio stations. Currently, the organization focusses mainly on CD, downloadable, and podcast media; but still broadcasts on radio. Their longest and best known program is ''The Adventures of Ruby: Galactic Gumshoe'' -- first broadcast in 1982, with the most recent release in October, 2009.
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